Pub Date : 2023-11-01DOI: 10.21608/nrmj.2023.326365
Mahmoud Abou-Alhmd Soliman
Tomato is one of the most widespread vegetable crops in Egypt, which has a wide variation of cultivars. Tomato bacterial speck caused by Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato is one of the most important tomato bacterial diseases. This study aimed to isolating and identifying P. syringe pv. tomato from infected tomato plants in Egypt, and investigate the tomato plants reaction towards the Egyptian bacterial strain, which the tomato cultivars or hybrids have low sensitivity to it. Currently, the Egyptian tomato plants exhibited typical symptoms of tomato bacterial speck disease. The isolation and identification experiments resulted in the recovery of typical isolates of P. syringae pv. tomato . The pathogenicity of the bacterial isolate was confirmed by molecular identification through detection of coronatine production and 16S rDNA analysis. The obtained nucleotide sequence was deposited at GenBank with accession no. OQ117369.1 and designed as P. syringae pv. tomato strain Pst1-MAS. The tomato plants only produced the typical bacterial speck symptoms among the tested solanaceous and cruciferous plants. The tested tomato plants exhibited variation in disease severity against P. syringae pv. tomato strain Pst1-MAS using a lot of disease severity scales. The tomato cultivars VFN-8 and Peto 86 were sensitive to infection with severe symptoms, while the tomato cultivars Super Marmande and Edkawy expressed relatively low symptoms. According to the results of disease severity; depending on the mean of bacterial speck symptoms, the tested plants were divided into high; moderate, low sensitive, and resistant. The related defense enzyme activity was correlated inversely with the disease severity for some of the tested tomato plants.
番茄是埃及最广泛种植的蔬菜作物之一，其栽培品种差异很大。由番茄假单胞菌引起的番茄细菌性斑点病是最重要的番茄细菌性病害之一。本研究旨在从埃及受感染的番茄植株中分离和鉴定西红柿假单胞菌 pv.，并调查番茄植株对埃及细菌菌株的反应，研究番茄栽培品种或杂交种对该菌株的低敏感性。目前，埃及番茄植株表现出番茄细菌性斑点病的典型症状。通过分离和鉴定实验，找到了典型的西红柿青霉疫霉菌分离物。通过检测冠突霉素的产生和 16S rDNA 分析进行分子鉴定，确认了细菌分离物的致病性。获得的核苷酸序列已存入 GenBank，登录号为 OQ117369.1 和 OQ117369.1。OQ117369.1，并被设计为 P. syringae pv. tomato strain Pst1-MAS。在受试的茄科和十字花科植物中，番茄植株只产生典型的细菌斑点症状。通过使用大量的病害严重程度量表，受试番茄植株对 P. syringae pv. tomato 菌株 Pst1-MAS 的病害严重程度表现出差异。番茄栽培品种 VFN-8 和 Peto 86 对感染很敏感，症状严重，而番茄栽培品种 Super Marmande 和 Edkawy 的症状相对较轻。根据病害严重程度的结果；根据细菌斑点症状的平均值，受试植株被分为高度、中度、低度敏感和抗性植株。一些受测番茄植株的相关防御酶活性与病害严重程度成反比。
{"title":"Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato and severity of bacterial speck disease on tomato plants in Egypt","authors":"Mahmoud Abou-Alhmd Soliman","doi":"10.21608/nrmj.2023.326365","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/nrmj.2023.326365","url":null,"abstract":"Tomato is one of the most widespread vegetable crops in Egypt, which has a wide variation of cultivars. Tomato bacterial speck caused by Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato is one of the most important tomato bacterial diseases. This study aimed to isolating and identifying P. syringe pv. tomato from infected tomato plants in Egypt, and investigate the tomato plants reaction towards the Egyptian bacterial strain, which the tomato cultivars or hybrids have low sensitivity to it. Currently, the Egyptian tomato plants exhibited typical symptoms of tomato bacterial speck disease. The isolation and identification experiments resulted in the recovery of typical isolates of P. syringae pv. tomato . The pathogenicity of the bacterial isolate was confirmed by molecular identification through detection of coronatine production and 16S rDNA analysis. The obtained nucleotide sequence was deposited at GenBank with accession no. OQ117369.1 and designed as P. syringae pv. tomato strain Pst1-MAS. The tomato plants only produced the typical bacterial speck symptoms among the tested solanaceous and cruciferous plants. The tested tomato plants exhibited variation in disease severity against P. syringae pv. tomato strain Pst1-MAS using a lot of disease severity scales. The tomato cultivars VFN-8 and Peto 86 were sensitive to infection with severe symptoms, while the tomato cultivars Super Marmande and Edkawy expressed relatively low symptoms. According to the results of disease severity; depending on the mean of bacterial speck symptoms, the tested plants were divided into high; moderate, low sensitive, and resistant. The related defense enzyme activity was correlated inversely with the disease severity for some of the tested tomato plants.","PeriodicalId":34593,"journal":{"name":"Novel Research in Microbiology Journal","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139300875","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Vulvovaginal Candidiasis (VVC) is a significant public health concern, and current article focuses primarily on understanding this infection's molecular processes. The hosts defence mechanisms and their dysregulation, such as the innate immune response and the genetic susceptibility factors, play a crucial role in determining the susceptibility to VVC. Candida - host interactions in the vaginal environment, including the adhesion mechanisms and the tissue invasion, have been extensively investigated, revealing the intricate strategies employed by Candida spp. to colonize and persist in the human host. Moreover, the virulence factors
{"title":"Recent advances in vulvovaginal Candidiasis research: A narrative review","authors":"Debasmita Dubey, Gopal Krishna Purohit, Shakti Rath, Sushree Swagatika Subhadarshini, Rajashree Panigrahi","doi":"10.21608/nrmj.2023.325275","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/nrmj.2023.325275","url":null,"abstract":"Vulvovaginal Candidiasis (VVC) is a significant public health concern, and current article focuses primarily on understanding this infection's molecular processes. The hosts defence mechanisms and their dysregulation, such as the innate immune response and the genetic susceptibility factors, play a crucial role in determining the susceptibility to VVC. Candida - host interactions in the vaginal environment, including the adhesion mechanisms and the tissue invasion, have been extensively investigated, revealing the intricate strategies employed by Candida spp. to colonize and persist in the human host. Moreover, the virulence factors","PeriodicalId":34593,"journal":{"name":"Novel Research in Microbiology Journal","volume":"149 3","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135715299","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-14DOI: 10.21608/nrmj.2023.317346
Souvik Roy, Saheli Majumder, Aniket Deb, Lopamudra Choudhury
A brief discussion of the numerous types of microbial contamination of the pharmaceutical and cosmetic items and their corresponding effects is attempted in this study. The pharmaceutical and cosmetic products are particularly vulnerable to microbial contamination, because they contain chemical compounds that encourage the microbial development. Contamination can potentially happen during production; storage, and/ or usage. These contaminants can cause a variety of unfavorable effects, including alteration of the consistency and appearance; phase separation, alteration or loss of activity, and even the emergence of toxicity in the contaminated items. Organizations such as the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) actively regulate the consumer safety by frequently recalling the potentially dangerous or contaminated products from the market. Therefore, to prevent microbial contamination and increase the shelf life of a product, a variety of preservatives are added to the final formulation. However, some of these preservatives may be toxic to the consumer as well. In this context, we have also reviewed the mechanisms of action of some of the most commonly used antimicrobial preservatives, including the organic acids; parabens, phenol, organomercurials, ethanol, chlorobutanol, benzalkonium chloride
{"title":"Microbial contamination of cosmetics and the pharmaceutical products, and their preservation strategies: A comprehensive review","authors":"Souvik Roy, Saheli Majumder, Aniket Deb, Lopamudra Choudhury","doi":"10.21608/nrmj.2023.317346","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/nrmj.2023.317346","url":null,"abstract":"A brief discussion of the numerous types of microbial contamination of the pharmaceutical and cosmetic items and their corresponding effects is attempted in this study. The pharmaceutical and cosmetic products are particularly vulnerable to microbial contamination, because they contain chemical compounds that encourage the microbial development. Contamination can potentially happen during production; storage, and/ or usage. These contaminants can cause a variety of unfavorable effects, including alteration of the consistency and appearance; phase separation, alteration or loss of activity, and even the emergence of toxicity in the contaminated items. Organizations such as the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) actively regulate the consumer safety by frequently recalling the potentially dangerous or contaminated products from the market. Therefore, to prevent microbial contamination and increase the shelf life of a product, a variety of preservatives are added to the final formulation. However, some of these preservatives may be toxic to the consumer as well. In this context, we have also reviewed the mechanisms of action of some of the most commonly used antimicrobial preservatives, including the organic acids; parabens, phenol, organomercurials, ethanol, chlorobutanol, benzalkonium chloride","PeriodicalId":34593,"journal":{"name":"Novel Research in Microbiology Journal","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134971668","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-07DOI: 10.21608/nrmj.2023.320397
Nada A. M. Abdelbary, Rawia F. Gamal, Waleed M. Abdulkhair, Sawsan Y. Elateek
β-lactam resistance is a serious problem that the hospitals face worldwide; particularly in the developing countries. The widespread of this resistance is attributed to various mechanisms used by the nosocomial bacteria. The aims of this study were to monitor the spread of the β-lactam resistant bacteria in the different provinces of Egypt; to create a biocontrol strategy by producing the β-lactamase inhibitory protein from the Streptomyces bacteria, and to knowing its suitability for the human use. Seventy β-lactam resistant bacterial isolates were sampled randomly from several hospital laboratories across ten governorates of Egypt. The isolates were screened against six different antibiotics; mainly Amoxicillin; Amoxicillin-Clavulanate, Penicillin, Ampicillin-Sulbactam, Cefepime, and Piperacillin-Tazobactam at 250 µg/ ml, and their Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was recorded. The Bn67 isolate was the most promising isolate, which was molecularly identified using 16SrRNA partial sequence as Pseudomonas aeruginosa
{"title":"Novel approach to overcome the β-lactam resistant bacteria using an actinobacterial inhibitory protein","authors":"Nada A. M. Abdelbary, Rawia F. Gamal, Waleed M. Abdulkhair, Sawsan Y. Elateek","doi":"10.21608/nrmj.2023.320397","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/nrmj.2023.320397","url":null,"abstract":"β-lactam resistance is a serious problem that the hospitals face worldwide; particularly in the developing countries. The widespread of this resistance is attributed to various mechanisms used by the nosocomial bacteria. The aims of this study were to monitor the spread of the β-lactam resistant bacteria in the different provinces of Egypt; to create a biocontrol strategy by producing the β-lactamase inhibitory protein from the Streptomyces bacteria, and to knowing its suitability for the human use. Seventy β-lactam resistant bacterial isolates were sampled randomly from several hospital laboratories across ten governorates of Egypt. The isolates were screened against six different antibiotics; mainly Amoxicillin; Amoxicillin-Clavulanate, Penicillin, Ampicillin-Sulbactam, Cefepime, and Piperacillin-Tazobactam at 250 µg/ ml, and their Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was recorded. The Bn67 isolate was the most promising isolate, which was molecularly identified using 16SrRNA partial sequence as Pseudomonas aeruginosa","PeriodicalId":34593,"journal":{"name":"Novel Research in Microbiology Journal","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135099005","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-01DOI: 10.21608/nrmj.2023.319451
Dmitriy V. Alekseev, Artem V. Lyamin, Karim A. Kayumov
Chronic infections; emerging as complications of some primary diseases, can hardly be considered as classical infectious processes. Such infections may be caused by the non-traditional pathogenic bacteria; as in the cases of cystic fibrosis; chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), inflammatory bowel diseases, etc. Emergence of these complications is caused by several disorders in the ecosystem; constituting the human body and its microbiota. It is reasonable to extrapolate some ecological principles of the bacterial community's assembly in the humans; as there is a wide variety of factors affecting this, which can be considered as ecological ones. The human microbiota is formed during changes of the different bacterial succession types; under the influence of stochastic and deterministic ecological processes, in addition to different types of the selection pressure. During certain diseases, such as COPD, the normal course of the bacterial community's formation is disrupted. It is associated with anatomical and physiological defects, which cause changes in the properties of the ecological niche; occupied by the communities ( i.e ., airways in the case of COPD). Altered niches can be occupied by the virulent microorganisms, which get resource advantage and form new stable community. The severity of such chronic infections is correlated with biological diversity in the communities, which tends to decrease in the more severe cases and in the exacerbations. The aim of this study was to create an ecological model of the chronic infections; through synthesizing the ecological and medical knowledge. This model, such as the COPD; may establish new approach to the chronic infections etiopathogenesis, which enables to get better understanding of the clinical course in these diseases and to propose more effective therapies in the future.
{"title":"Chronic infection: as an ecological model for emergence of the chronic obstructive pulmonary disease","authors":"Dmitriy V. Alekseev, Artem V. Lyamin, Karim A. Kayumov","doi":"10.21608/nrmj.2023.319451","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/nrmj.2023.319451","url":null,"abstract":"Chronic infections; emerging as complications of some primary diseases, can hardly be considered as classical infectious processes. Such infections may be caused by the non-traditional pathogenic bacteria; as in the cases of cystic fibrosis; chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), inflammatory bowel diseases, etc. Emergence of these complications is caused by several disorders in the ecosystem; constituting the human body and its microbiota. It is reasonable to extrapolate some ecological principles of the bacterial community's assembly in the humans; as there is a wide variety of factors affecting this, which can be considered as ecological ones. The human microbiota is formed during changes of the different bacterial succession types; under the influence of stochastic and deterministic ecological processes, in addition to different types of the selection pressure. During certain diseases, such as COPD, the normal course of the bacterial community's formation is disrupted. It is associated with anatomical and physiological defects, which cause changes in the properties of the ecological niche; occupied by the communities ( i.e ., airways in the case of COPD). Altered niches can be occupied by the virulent microorganisms, which get resource advantage and form new stable community. The severity of such chronic infections is correlated with biological diversity in the communities, which tends to decrease in the more severe cases and in the exacerbations. The aim of this study was to create an ecological model of the chronic infections; through synthesizing the ecological and medical knowledge. This model, such as the COPD; may establish new approach to the chronic infections etiopathogenesis, which enables to get better understanding of the clinical course in these diseases and to propose more effective therapies in the future.","PeriodicalId":34593,"journal":{"name":"Novel Research in Microbiology Journal","volume":"93 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135690481","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-01DOI: 10.21608/nrmj.2023.317036
Amira H. El-Ashry
The most precise, effective, and widely used tool for editing the genome is currently the clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat (CRISPR), which represents the prokaryotes adaptive immune defense. The CRISPR/Cas-9 genome editing system relies on two key elements; mainly the guide RNA (gRNA) and CRISPR-associated ( Cas-9 ) proteins. A complementary base pair in the designed sgRNA allows it to recognize the target sequence in the gene of interest. Either the non-homologous end joining or the homology-directed repair can be used to repair the double-stranded breaks, which are created by Cas-9 nuclease at a position upstream from a protospacer adjacent motif. The modified genome-editing tool CRISPR/Cas-9 has numerous applications in the various fields, such as biotechnology and medicine. Moreover, it is being studied for cancer management; Human Immunodeficiency virus (HIV), and as a gene therapy for several genetic diseases, including cystic fibrosis; sickle cell disease, and Duchenne muscular dystrophy. However, immunogenicity; off-target effect, and efficient delivery systems withstand against its spread in the clinical applications until introducing an improvement. The aim of this review was to summarize how the various CRISPR systems work; their important medical applications, and their limitations.
{"title":"The CRISPR/Cas system: Gene Editing by bacterial defense","authors":"Amira H. El-Ashry","doi":"10.21608/nrmj.2023.317036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/nrmj.2023.317036","url":null,"abstract":"The most precise, effective, and widely used tool for editing the genome is currently the clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat (CRISPR), which represents the prokaryotes adaptive immune defense. The CRISPR/Cas-9 genome editing system relies on two key elements; mainly the guide RNA (gRNA) and CRISPR-associated ( Cas-9 ) proteins. A complementary base pair in the designed sgRNA allows it to recognize the target sequence in the gene of interest. Either the non-homologous end joining or the homology-directed repair can be used to repair the double-stranded breaks, which are created by Cas-9 nuclease at a position upstream from a protospacer adjacent motif. The modified genome-editing tool CRISPR/Cas-9 has numerous applications in the various fields, such as biotechnology and medicine. Moreover, it is being studied for cancer management; Human Immunodeficiency virus (HIV), and as a gene therapy for several genetic diseases, including cystic fibrosis; sickle cell disease, and Duchenne muscular dystrophy. However, immunogenicity; off-target effect, and efficient delivery systems withstand against its spread in the clinical applications until introducing an improvement. The aim of this review was to summarize how the various CRISPR systems work; their important medical applications, and their limitations.","PeriodicalId":34593,"journal":{"name":"Novel Research in Microbiology Journal","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134918548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-01DOI: 10.21608/nrmj.2023.318807
Ali A.A.M., Hassanin M.M.H., Abdel-Rahman T.F.M., Mergawy M.M.
This investigation was conducted to evaluate the activity of some essential oils emulsions and a biocide (Bio-Cure F) for controlling Fusarium wilt disease of marjoram ( Majorana hortensis ) caused by Fusarium oxysporum . The fungal filtrate of F. oxysporum isolated from the infected marjoram plants significantly decreased the marjoram seed germination and caused wilting of its seedlings. The essential oil emulsions of thyme; basil, and marjoram, inhibited the in vitro fungal growth of F. oxysporum , and significantly suppressed its sporulation and spore germination. However, thyme oil was the most effective one, which completely inhibited the fungal growth at a concentration of 2000 µg/ ml, and completely prevented its sporulation and spore germination. The tested essential oils were analysed for their bioactive components using Gas Chromatography (GC), which were recorded as follows: linalool and eugenol were detected in basil; terpinen-4-ol, β-phyllandrene, and sabinene in marjoram oil, and thymol, 1.8-cineole, ρ-cymene, and α-terpinene in thyme oil. In the greenhouse experiments, Actamyl 70 % wp (wettable powder) and Bio Cure F were the most effective treatments, which significantly decreased the disease incidence and increased the plant growth parameters, compared with the untreated control. On the other hand, all treatments increased the peroxidase and polyphenol oxidase antioxidant enzyme activities, compared with the control; however, Actamyl 70 % (wp) and Bio Cure F had the superiority; recording 1.27 and 1.23 (units/ ml enzyme) for peroxidase, and 0.57 and 0.51 (units/ ml enzyme) for polyphenol oxidase, respectively. The results of the present study indicated the strong antifungal potential of the thyme essential oil. Meanwhile, Bio-Cur F biocide can be effectively used as a potent biofungicide to controlling the marjoram wilt incited by F.
{"title":"Antifungal activity of essential oils emulsions, their bioactive compounds, and biological control of Fusarium wilt of Majorana hortensis","authors":"Ali A.A.M., Hassanin M.M.H., Abdel-Rahman T.F.M., Mergawy M.M.","doi":"10.21608/nrmj.2023.318807","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/nrmj.2023.318807","url":null,"abstract":"This investigation was conducted to evaluate the activity of some essential oils emulsions and a biocide (Bio-Cure F) for controlling Fusarium wilt disease of marjoram ( Majorana hortensis ) caused by Fusarium oxysporum . The fungal filtrate of F. oxysporum isolated from the infected marjoram plants significantly decreased the marjoram seed germination and caused wilting of its seedlings. The essential oil emulsions of thyme; basil, and marjoram, inhibited the in vitro fungal growth of F. oxysporum , and significantly suppressed its sporulation and spore germination. However, thyme oil was the most effective one, which completely inhibited the fungal growth at a concentration of 2000 µg/ ml, and completely prevented its sporulation and spore germination. The tested essential oils were analysed for their bioactive components using Gas Chromatography (GC), which were recorded as follows: linalool and eugenol were detected in basil; terpinen-4-ol, β-phyllandrene, and sabinene in marjoram oil, and thymol, 1.8-cineole, ρ-cymene, and α-terpinene in thyme oil. In the greenhouse experiments, Actamyl 70 % wp (wettable powder) and Bio Cure F were the most effective treatments, which significantly decreased the disease incidence and increased the plant growth parameters, compared with the untreated control. On the other hand, all treatments increased the peroxidase and polyphenol oxidase antioxidant enzyme activities, compared with the control; however, Actamyl 70 % (wp) and Bio Cure F had the superiority; recording 1.27 and 1.23 (units/ ml enzyme) for peroxidase, and 0.57 and 0.51 (units/ ml enzyme) for polyphenol oxidase, respectively. The results of the present study indicated the strong antifungal potential of the thyme essential oil. Meanwhile, Bio-Cur F biocide can be effectively used as a potent biofungicide to controlling the marjoram wilt incited by F.","PeriodicalId":34593,"journal":{"name":"Novel Research in Microbiology Journal","volume":"375 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135690442","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-25DOI: 10.21608/nrmj.2023.314535
Andrei V. Kozlov, Artem V. Lyamin, Aleksei A. Neilenko, Anna V. Yanchenko, Alena A. Ereshchenko
Alzheimer’s disease remains a significant socio-economic problem in modern medicine. This disease is a neurodegenerative one that is characterized by the plaque formation and neurofibrillary tangles, due to the accumulation of β-amyloid peptide in the medial regions of the temporal lobe and the neocortical regions of the brain. It is impossible to name the sole cause of Alzheimer's disease; however, the features of pathogenesis of this disease are known, including cholinergic deficiency; beta-amyloid
{"title":"Porphyromonas gingivalis bacterium as a risk factor for Alzheimer’s disease!","authors":"Andrei V. Kozlov, Artem V. Lyamin, Aleksei A. Neilenko, Anna V. Yanchenko, Alena A. Ereshchenko","doi":"10.21608/nrmj.2023.314535","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/nrmj.2023.314535","url":null,"abstract":"Alzheimer’s disease remains a significant socio-economic problem in modern medicine. This disease is a neurodegenerative one that is characterized by the plaque formation and neurofibrillary tangles, due to the accumulation of β-amyloid peptide in the medial regions of the temporal lobe and the neocortical regions of the brain. It is impossible to name the sole cause of Alzheimer's disease; however, the features of pathogenesis of this disease are known, including cholinergic deficiency; beta-amyloid","PeriodicalId":34593,"journal":{"name":"Novel Research in Microbiology Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45487941","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-27DOI: 10.21608/nrmj.2023.309908
A. Suresh, G. Immanuel
Biofouling is an ongoing problem in the marine industries that requires significant financial resources for control and new cleaning procedures. There is a feasible and immediate need to produce ecologically compatible low-toxic and harmless antifouling compounds for the maritime companies and underwater equipment; since the usage of Tributyltin (TBT) based marine coatings was banned globally in 2008. In recent years; the marine natural products have emerged as one of the most potential forms of antifouling agents. Although the natural antifoulants made from marine species; especially sponges and corals, have gained importance because of their performance in field tests; however, the gathering of larger quantities of marine animals is not a feasible choice. Several recent researches revealed that the marine microorganisms associated with sponges; corals, ascidians, seaweeds, and sea grasses, serve as the primary sources of antifouling substances and exhibit antimicrobial; antibacterial, and antifouling activity. During the screening of antifouling compounds; these marine microorganisms displayed antifouling ability against the macro and micro-foulers. This review aimed to focus on the improvements in the antifouling abilities of the natural products derived from marine organism-associated microorganisms.
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Pub Date : 2023-07-01DOI: 10.21608/nrmj.2023.309506
Noha Mostafa Mahmoud
The maintenance of human health and the development of disease are both significantly influenced by the gut microbiota. The development of omics technologies improves the understanding of the gut microbial ecosystem. Metagenomics has emphasized the diversity of the gut microbiome; however, it does not provide reliable insight on the dark matter of microorganisms or the minor populations. As a result of the rebirth of cultural techniques in microbiology; the field of "culturomics" is created to cultivate the unidentified bacteria that reside inside the human gut. In the 21 st century's discipline of clinical microbiology; microbial culturomics becomes a promising strategy that may be used to cultivate hundreds of novel microorganisms linked to human; thus, opening new insights on the host-microbial relationships. Novel taxa and species will be detected by optimizing the culture conditions; followed by quick identification using mass spectrometry or molecular next generation sequencing. Culturomics of the human gut microbiota can be used as a bactriotherapy for the inflammatory bowel diseases and the respiratory illnesses like COVID-19, and as an immunomodulatory agent for cancer therapy. Furthermore, culturomics is a big store for discovering new antibacterial agents and resistance genes. The aim of this review was to highlight the background; methodologies, and future use of culturomics to study the human gut microbiota.
{"title":"Microbial culturomics: The next generation culture for identification of the human gastrointestinal microbiota","authors":"Noha Mostafa Mahmoud","doi":"10.21608/nrmj.2023.309506","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/nrmj.2023.309506","url":null,"abstract":"The maintenance of human health and the development of disease are both significantly influenced by the gut microbiota. The development of omics technologies improves the understanding of the gut microbial ecosystem. Metagenomics has emphasized the diversity of the gut microbiome; however, it does not provide reliable insight on the dark matter of microorganisms or the minor populations. As a result of the rebirth of cultural techniques in microbiology; the field of \"culturomics\" is created to cultivate the unidentified bacteria that reside inside the human gut. In the 21 st century's discipline of clinical microbiology; microbial culturomics becomes a promising strategy that may be used to cultivate hundreds of novel microorganisms linked to human; thus, opening new insights on the host-microbial relationships. Novel taxa and species will be detected by optimizing the culture conditions; followed by quick identification using mass spectrometry or molecular next generation sequencing. Culturomics of the human gut microbiota can be used as a bactriotherapy for the inflammatory bowel diseases and the respiratory illnesses like COVID-19, and as an immunomodulatory agent for cancer therapy. Furthermore, culturomics is a big store for discovering new antibacterial agents and resistance genes. The aim of this review was to highlight the background; methodologies, and future use of culturomics to study the human gut microbiota.","PeriodicalId":34593,"journal":{"name":"Novel Research in Microbiology Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45193152","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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