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Additive manufacturing advancement through large-scale screw-extrusion 3D printing for precision parawood powder/PLA furniture production 通过大规模螺旋挤压 3D 打印技术推进增材制造技术,用于生产精密 Parawood 粉末/PLA 家具
Q1 Engineering Pub Date : 2024-05-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.clet.2024.100753
Chakrit Suvanjumrat , Kanchanabhorn Chansoda , Watcharapong Chookaew

In this paper, a large-scale screw-extrusion 3D printer specifically tailored for additive manufacturing applications is introduced, primarily focusing on crafting parawood powder/polylactic acid (PLA) furniture. Boasting a large build volume (700 × 700 × 700 mm3), the printer incorporates a meticulously designed screw extruder to ensure the precise feeding of composite material pellets. The investigation delves into the nuanced relationship between variations in the extruder nozzle orifice diameter and the resulting impact on the extrusion rate, directly correlating these variations with the motor speed. Additionally, the influence of the parawood powder/PLA ratio is explored through comprehensive mechanical property testing of the printed specimens. Optimal outcomes were attained with a 15 %w/w parawood powder composition, yielding an impressive ultimate strength of 54 MPa under specific printing conditions. The efficacy of the large-scale screw-extrusion 3D printer was robustly validated through the successful production of a parawood powder/PLA stacking chair, meeting the criteria stipulated in the Thai industrial standard. Furthermore, an identified parawood powder/PLA component, characterized by a rectangular cylinder with a cross-sectional area of 19.4 × 24.0 mm2, holds promising potential for versatile applications in furniture assembly. This innovative extrusion 3D printing approach, combined with meticulously optimized parameters, has unequivocal potential for manufacturing a diverse array of parawood powder/PLA furniture, elevating the value of parawood byproducts and contributing to waste reduction during processing.

本文介绍了一种专门为增材制造应用定制的大型螺杆挤出三维打印机,主要用于制作刨花板粉末/聚乳酸(PLA)家具。该打印机拥有较大的构建体积(700 × 700 × 700 mm3),采用了精心设计的螺杆挤出机,以确保复合材料颗粒的精确进料。研究深入探讨了挤出机喷嘴孔径变化与挤出速率影响之间的微妙关系,并将这些变化与电机转速直接联系起来。此外,还通过对打印试样进行全面的机械性能测试,探讨了对位木粉/聚乳酸比例的影响。在特定的印刷条件下,15%w/w 的刨花板粉末成分达到了最佳效果,产生了 54 兆帕的惊人极限强度。通过成功生产出符合泰国工业标准规定的对伞木粉/聚乳酸(PLA)堆叠椅,大规模螺旋挤压式三维打印机的功效得到了有力的验证。此外,已确定的一种对伞木粉/PLA 部件的横截面积为 19.4 × 24.0 mm2,呈矩形圆柱体,有望在家具组装中得到广泛应用。这种创新的挤出 3D 打印方法与精心优化的参数相结合,具有制造各种对位木粉末/PLA 家具的明确潜力,可提高对位木副产品的价值,并有助于减少加工过程中的废物。
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引用次数: 0
Synergistic control for enhancing frequency stability in grid-integrated network with decentralized renewable energy resources, energy storage, and electric vehicles 协同控制以增强具有分散式可再生能源资源、储能和电动汽车的电网集成网络的频率稳定性
Q1 Engineering Pub Date : 2024-05-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.clet.2024.100757
Sonali R. Nandanwar , Narayan Prasad Patidar , Siddharth Panda , Jalpa Thakkar , Mohan Lal Kolhe

The integration of Decentralized Energy Resources (DERs), Energy Storage Systems (ESS), and Electric Vehicles (EVs) into grid-connected networks presents a transformative paradigm in modern power systems. This article introduces a synergistic control framework tailored for optimizing frequency stability within grid-integrated distributed networks. The proposed approach leverages advanced control algorithms to orchestrate the dynamic interaction between DERs, ESS, and EVs, ensuring seamless operation and enhanced grid resilience. The effectiveness of the proposed control strategy is demonstrated in mitigating frequency deviations, thereby contributing to a more stable and reliable grid infrastructure. This article introduces a novel approach utilizing the Selfish Herd Optimization (SHO) algorithm to address this critical issue. Inspired by the self-preservation behavior observed in animal herding, the SHO algorithm is adapted to coordinate the operation of DERs with loads within a distributed network. By dynamically adjusting their output based on local frequency measurements, DERs collectively exhibit a self-organizing behavior, resulting in improved frequency stability. The SHO based PID controller is also proven to be far more effective at controlling frequency than the traditional PI controller. The findings underscore the potential of bio-inspired algorithms in enhancing the resilience of grid-integrated DER systems, offering a promising avenue for future grid control methodologies.

将分散式能源资源 (DER)、储能系统 (ESS) 和电动汽车 (EV) 整合到并网网络中,是现代电力系统的一种变革模式。本文介绍了一种为优化并网分布式网络频率稳定性而量身定制的协同控制框架。所提出的方法利用先进的控制算法来协调 DER、ESS 和电动汽车之间的动态互动,从而确保无缝运行并增强电网弹性。建议的控制策略在缓解频率偏差方面的有效性得到了验证,从而有助于建立更加稳定可靠的电网基础设施。本文介绍了一种利用自私羊群优化(SHO)算法解决这一关键问题的新方法。受动物放牧中自我保护行为的启发,SHO 算法适用于协调分布式网络中 DER 与负载的运行。通过根据本地频率测量结果动态调整输出,DER 集体表现出自组织行为,从而提高频率稳定性。事实证明,基于 SHO 的 PID 控制器在频率控制方面远比传统的 PI 控制器更有效。研究结果强调了生物启发算法在增强电网集成 DER 系统的恢复能力方面的潜力,为未来的电网控制方法提供了一条前景广阔的途径。
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引用次数: 0
Exergetic and exergoeconomic analyses of a large-scale industrial beer processing system 大型工业啤酒加工系统的能效和经济效益分析
Q1 Engineering Pub Date : 2024-05-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.clet.2024.100755
O.M. Oyewola , O.S. Jemigbeyi , T.A.O. Salau

This research evaluated the performance of components and sections involved in industrial beer production using exergetic and exergoeconomics methodologies. The system was segmented into five production sections, and three energy input types were considered. The exergetic studies showed an operational exergetic efficiency of 3.33%, with an overall exergetic destruction rate of 5.54 MW and a specific destruction rate of 9.72 kW/hl for beer production. The overall improvement potential and sustainability index were estimated at 4.98 MW and 1.03, respectively. The brewhouse and packaging hall were identified as the sections with the highest production inefficiency, 58.73% and 30.40%, respectively. The exergoeconomic studies revealed a cost rate of 0.1704 USD/s for beer production, with the wort kettle, filling and cocking machine, Kieselguhr candle filter, whirlpool, and brite beer tank identified as the top five significant components in descending order. The efficiency of the system was critically affected by the activities in the packaging hall, particularly those involving energy inputs that cannot be recovered or attributed to the processed stream, beer. Further research is required to determine the cost savings of optimization measures identified from additional steam throttling, downsizing of some main pumps, and exergy loss during heating of wort and beer chilling processes.

这项研究采用能效学和功效经济学方法,对工业啤酒生产所涉及的组件和工段的性能进行了评估。该系统分为五个生产部分,并考虑了三种能源输入类型。能效研究表明,啤酒生产的运行能效为 3.33%,总能效破坏率为 5.54 兆瓦,具体破坏率为 9.72 千瓦/小时。总体改进潜力和可持续性指数估计分别为 4.98 兆瓦和 1.03。酿酒车间和包装车间被认为是生产效率最高的区域,分别为 58.73% 和 30.40%。经济效益研究表明,啤酒生产的成本率为 0.1704 美元/秒,其中麦汁釜、灌装机、Kieselguhr 烛式过滤器、漩涡池和硬质啤酒槽依次被确定为最重要的五个组成部分。系统的效率受到包装车间活动的严重影响,特别是那些涉及无法回收或无法归因于啤酒加工流的能源投入。还需要进一步研究,以确定从额外的蒸汽节流、缩小某些主泵的尺寸以及麦汁加热和啤酒冷却过程中的放能损失中确定的优化措施所节约的成本。
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引用次数: 0
Optimized deep neural network to estimate orientation angles for solar photovoltaics intelligent systems 优化深度神经网络,估算太阳能光伏智能系统的方向角
Q1 Engineering Pub Date : 2024-05-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.clet.2024.100754
Nadia AL-Rousan , Hazem AL-Najjar

Using a single hidden layer neural network in estimating orientation angles for solar photovoltaics lacks the complexity required to model nonlinear relationships between input variables and the optimal orientation angles for solar photovoltaics. It struggles to generalize well to new and unseen data. More sophisticated neural network architectures such as deep learning with multi-hidden perceptron (MLP) can solve these issues by changing the architecture by deepening the network. Deepening the network will increase complexity, energy consumption, and time complexity. The study uses a novel approach to outperform traditional MLP models with two, three, four, and five hidden layers. An innovative approach was proposed by enhancing a single hidden layer MLP with a quadratic polynomial function, utilizing two robust methodologies, Least Absolute Residuals (LAR) and Bisquare methods. The results demonstrate that these approaches yield significant improvements in Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) and coefficient of determination (R squared). LAR-based MLP showed superiority over both bisquare-based and conventional MLPs methods in R2 and RMSE, ranging from 1.13 to 1.18 and 2.53 to 3.06, respectively. The study outperformed conventional MLP architectures with five hidden layers regarding accuracy and efficiency. The proposed model offers a more effective and less complex solution for data prediction tasks.

使用单隐层神经网络估算太阳能光伏发电的朝向角度,缺乏对输入变量与太阳能光伏发电最佳朝向角度之间的非线性关系建模所需的复杂性。它难以很好地泛化到新的和未见过的数据中。更复杂的神经网络架构,如采用多隐感知器(MLP)的深度学习,可以通过深化网络来改变架构,从而解决这些问题。深化网络会增加复杂性、能耗和时间复杂性。本研究采用一种新颖的方法来超越具有两、三、四和五层隐藏层的传统 MLP 模型。研究提出了一种创新方法,即利用二次多项式函数增强单隐层 MLP,并采用两种稳健方法,即最小绝对残差法(LAR)和双平方法。结果表明,这些方法显著改善了均方根误差(RMSE)和判定系数(R 平方)。基于 LAR 的 MLP 在 R2 和 RMSE 方面优于基于双平方的 MLP 和传统 MLP 方法,分别为 1.13 至 1.18 和 2.53 至 3.06。在准确性和效率方面,该研究优于传统的五层隐藏式 MLP 架构。所提出的模型为数据预测任务提供了更有效、更低复杂度的解决方案。
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引用次数: 0
Environmental impact assessment on polymer electrolyte fuel cell co-generation system, lithium-ion battery, and photovoltaic hybrid system combination and operation, considering performance degradation 聚合物电解质燃料电池热电联产系统、锂离子电池和光伏发电混合系统组合和运行的环境影响评估,考虑性能退化问题
Q1 Engineering Pub Date : 2024-05-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.clet.2024.100756
Kenta Mandai, Shan Miao, Kiyoshi Dowaki

In recent years, fuel cell co-generation systems (FC-CGS) have attracted attention for contributing to the environment and are becoming increasingly popular. Considering the current situation, technical specifications for general FC-CGS environmental impact assessments have been published by the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) Technical Committee 105 Working Group 14 (TC105WG14). Additionally, several combinations of renewable energy systems, energy storage, and energy-saving technologies have been proposed to obtain more environmental benefits. In this study, several scenarios for combining a polymer electrolyte fuel cell co-generation system (PEFC-CGS) with a battery and PV were created, system operation was discussed, and an environmental impact assessment was conducted. The evaluation was based on IEC standards, considering performance degradation during the usage phase. As a result, it was found that a system in which PEFC-CGS operated in load-following mode, combined with battery and PV, could reduce global warming potential (GWP) by about 36%. There was almost no difference in the PEFC-CGS degradation rate owing to the difference in the operating methods. However, the battery degradation rate showed approximately a 45% difference depending on the scenario. In addition, an environmental gain of ηecogain was proposed that expresses the reduction rate from the BAU scenario. Finally, a sensitivity analysis was conducted by changing the weather conditions. The results showed that even when solar radiation was varied, eco-gain was much better than when PV was not installed.

近年来,燃料电池热电联产系统(FC-CGS)因其对环境的贡献而备受关注,并越来越受欢迎。考虑到当前形势,国际电工委员会(IEC)第 105 技术委员会第 14 工作组(TC105WG14)发布了一般 FC-CGS 环境影响评估技术规范。此外,还提出了几种可再生能源系统、储能和节能技术的组合,以获得更多的环境效益。在本研究中,提出了几种将聚合物电解质燃料电池联合发电系统(PEFC-CGS)与电池和光伏相结合的方案,讨论了系统运行问题,并进行了环境影响评估。评估以 IEC 标准为基础,考虑了使用阶段的性能衰减。结果发现,PEFC-CGS 以负载跟随模式运行的系统与电池和光伏相结合,可将全球升温潜能值(GWP)降低约 36%。由于运行方式不同,PEFC-CGS 的降解率几乎没有差异。然而,电池降解率则因方案不同而有约 45% 的差异。此外,还提出了一个环境增益 ηeco-gain,表示与 BAU 情景相比的降解率。最后,通过改变天气条件进行了敏感性分析。结果表明,即使太阳辐射不同,生态增益也比不安装光伏发电设备时要好得多。
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引用次数: 0
Exploring the synergistic effect of recycled glass fibres and agricultural waste ash on concrete strength and environmental sustainability 探索回收玻璃纤维和农业废灰对混凝土强度和环境可持续性的协同效应
Q1 Engineering Pub Date : 2024-05-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.clet.2024.100752
Timoth Mkilima , Yerlan Sabitov , Zhanbolat Shakhmov , Talgat Abilmazhenov , Askar Tlegenov , Atogali Jumabayev , Agzhaik Turashev , Zhanar Kaliyeva

In today's age, finding harmony between construction endeavors and safeguarding the environment is of utmost importance. Consequently, there is a substantial requirement to explore the feasibility of utilizing waste materials as a replacement for traditional construction substances. Unfortunately, there is a lack of information regarding the possibilities of incorporating recycled glass, rice husk, and sugarcane bagasse ash into concrete production. This study investigated the viability of integrating recycled glass fibres and agricultural waste ash into concrete to bolster its strength and sustainability. When evaluating mechanical and durability properties across five mixtures, the concrete formulations ranged in fibre content percentages from 1% to 3% and in ash content percentages from 10% to 20%. Specifically, Mixtures 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 contained 1% fibre and 10% ash, 2% fibre and 15% ash, 2.5% fibre and 20% ash, 3% fibre and 12% ash, and 1.5% fibre and 18% ash respectively. Mixture 2 and Mixture 5, boasting heightened fibre and ash content, showcased outstanding compressive strength at 38.5 MPa and 37.2 MPa, respectively, indicating a positive correlation between these materials and concrete strength. Conversely, Mixture 3, burdened with excessive fibre and ash content, witnessed diminished strength, underscoring the necessity for meticulous optimization. In terms of tensile and flexural strength, Mixture 2 and Mixture 5 displayed commendable performance, while Mixture 3 suffered setbacks from excessive content. Durability assessments unveiled Mixture 1 and Mixture 4's superior freeze-thaw resistance, with minimal mass loss (1.5% and 1.8%, respectively) and no visible damage, rendering them favorable choices for sustainable construction. Contrastingly, Mixture 3 exhibited poorer freeze-thaw resistance and higher environmental impact, highlighting the need for careful consideration in material selection. Overall, this study underscores the importance of optimizing concrete formulations through the integration of recycled materials, paving the way for stronger, more durable, and environmentally friendly construction practices.

在当今时代,寻求建筑工程与环境保护之间的和谐至关重要。因此,探索利用废料替代传统建筑材料的可行性就显得尤为重要。遗憾的是,在混凝土生产中使用回收玻璃、稻壳和甘蔗渣灰的可能性方面缺乏相关信息。本研究调查了将回收玻璃纤维和农业废料灰渣融入混凝土以增强其强度和可持续性的可行性。在对五种混合物的机械和耐久性能进行评估时,混凝土配方中的纤维含量百分比从 1% 到 3%,灰分含量百分比从 10% 到 20%。具体来说,混合物 1、2、3、4 和 5 分别含有 1% 的纤维和 10% 的灰分、2% 的纤维和 15% 的灰分、2.5% 的纤维和 20% 的灰分、3% 的纤维和 12% 的灰分,以及 1.5% 的纤维和 18% 的灰分。混合料 2 和混合料 5 的纤维和灰分含量较高,抗压强度分别为 38.5 兆帕和 37.2 兆帕,表现突出,表明这些材料与混凝土强度之间存在正相关关系。相反,纤维和灰分含量过高的混合物 3 的强度却有所下降,这说明有必要进行细致的优化。在拉伸和弯曲强度方面,混合物 2 和混合物 5 的表现值得称赞,而混合物 3 则因纤维和灰分含量过高而受到影响。耐久性评估显示,混合物 1 和混合物 4 具有优异的抗冻融性,质量损失极小(分别为 1.5% 和 1.8%),且无明显损坏,是可持续建筑的理想选择。相比之下,混合物 3 的抗冻融性较差,对环境的影响较大,因此在选择材料时需要慎重考虑。总之,这项研究强调了通过整合回收材料优化混凝土配方的重要性,为实现更坚固、更耐用、更环保的建筑实践铺平了道路。
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引用次数: 0
Evaluating sugarcane bagasse fly ash as a sustainable cement replacement for enhanced performance 评估甘蔗渣粉煤灰作为可持续水泥替代品对提高性能的作用
Q1 Engineering Pub Date : 2024-05-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.clet.2024.100751
Ketlynn Passos Alvarenga, Guilherme Chagas Cordeiro

This study evaluated the potential of sugarcane bagasse fly ash, collected from boiler exhaust stacks via a bypass pipe, as a renewable supplementary cementitious material. The bagasse fly ash was ground into three different particle sizes (D50 of 10, 20, and 30 μm) and characterized in terms of morphology, porosity, specific surface area, and pozzolanic activity. The influence of the ashes on paste hydration was investigated using isothermal calorimetry. Mortars were then tested with 20% cement replacement by fly ash, analyzing packing density, compressive strength evolution, and durability against sulfuric acid. Results indicated the suitability of the fly ash as a supplementary cementitious material, with low contamination and greater pozzolanic activity at smaller particle sizes. This enhanced initial hydration and long-term strength, with finer ashes showing superior mechanical properties when compared to the reference mortar (an 8% increase). Mortars with fly ash exhibited higher packing density and reduced mass loss under sulfuric acid attack, but increased water absorption and capillarity, alongside decreased compressive strength compared to the reference. Briefly, the findings highlighted that the potential of bagasse fly ash as a promising low cost and eco-beneficial material for sustainable construction practices.

本研究评估了甘蔗渣飞灰作为一种可再生补充胶凝材料的潜力,甘蔗渣飞灰是通过旁路管道从锅炉排气烟囱中收集的。甘蔗渣粉煤灰被研磨成三种不同的颗粒大小(D50 分别为 10、20 和 30 μm),并在形态、孔隙率、比表面积和水胶活性方面进行了表征。使用等温量热法研究了灰烬对浆料水化的影响。然后测试了粉煤灰替代 20% 水泥的砂浆,分析了填料密度、抗压强度变化和耐硫酸的耐久性。结果表明,粉煤灰适合作为一种补充胶凝材料,在粒径较小的情况下,粉煤灰的污染程度低,且具有更强的热固性。这增强了初始水化和长期强度,与参考砂浆相比,较细的粉煤灰显示出更优越的机械性能(增加了 8%)。与参考灰泥相比,含有粉煤灰的灰泥表现出更高的堆积密度,并减少了硫酸侵蚀下的质量损失,但吸水率和毛细管增加,同时抗压强度降低。简而言之,研究结果凸显了甘蔗渣粉煤灰作为可持续建筑实践中一种低成本、有益生态的材料的潜力。
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引用次数: 0
Low tortuous permeable concrete pavement material: A new approach to improve physical properties 低曲折透水性混凝土路面材料:改善物理性能的新方法
Q1 Engineering Pub Date : 2024-05-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.clet.2024.100750
Goutom Barua , G.M. Sadiqul Islam

Permeable pavement is an environmentally beneficial material that can ease urban problems and mitigate the effects of climate change, such as flooding, urban heat islands, and groundwater decrease. However, it is susceptible to clogging, has limited strength, and demands frequent maintenance. To overcome these problems, an untraditional fiber-reinforced permeable pavement with a low tortuosity pore structure that has an excellent infiltration rate and strength while being resistant to clogging has been studied in this research. Straight pore channels of various sizes and quantities were introduced into self-compacting concrete to create this permeable pavement. High-strength pervious pavement (HSP) samples with porosity ranging from 3.60 to 8.30% and 0–0.2% fiber content were tested. In all cases, HSP showed high infiltration rate (>1 cm/s), high compressive strength (>27 MPa) and tensile strength (1.5 MPa), low mass loss in potential resistance to degradation by impact and abrasion (>25%). However, it did not clog despite extensive cyclic exposure to flow containing sand, clay, and combined ‘sand & clay’. PP fiber content of 0.1%. The 3.60% porosity was found to be optimum considering all properties, whereas 8.30% porosity gave a higher infiltration rate with compromised properties. This permeable pavement can maintain sufficient porosity and permeability for stormwater infiltration without frequent maintenance. Adding polypropylene fiber reduces compressive strength marginally but increases split tensile strength, degradation and potential resistance. This novel fiber-reinforced HSP has the potential to expand the material's applicability. The results obtained from this research are expected to lead the way for a broader application of HSP in various contexts and initiatives that were not previously considered appropriate. This will eventually enhance the design and implementation of a new generation of flood-resistant infrastructure and significantly improve the ability to mitigate urban floods.

透水路面是一种有益于环境的材料,可以缓解城市问题,减轻气候变化的影响,如洪水、城市热岛和地下水减少。然而,这种材料容易堵塞,强度有限,而且需要经常维护。为了克服这些问题,本研究对一种非传统的纤维增强透水路面进行了研究,这种路面具有低迂回度的孔隙结构,具有出色的渗透率和强度,同时还能防止堵塞。在自密实混凝土中引入了不同大小和数量的直孔隙通道,从而形成了这种透水路面。测试了孔隙率为 3.60% 至 8.30%、纤维含量为 0-0.2% 的高强度透水路面 (HSP) 样品。在所有情况下,HSP 都表现出较高的渗透率(1 厘米/秒)、较高的抗压强度(27 兆帕)和抗拉强度(1.5 兆帕)、较低的抗冲击和磨损降解质量损失(25%)。然而,尽管在含有沙子、粘土和混合 "沙子&粘土 "的水流中进行了大量的循环暴露,它也没有堵塞。PP 纤维含量为 0.1%。考虑到所有特性,3.60% 的孔隙率被认为是最佳的,而 8.30% 的孔隙率则能提供更高的渗透率,但特性会受到影响。这种透水路面可以保持足够的孔隙率和渗透性,以利于雨水渗透,而无需经常维护。添加聚丙烯纤维会略微降低抗压强度,但会提高劈裂拉伸强度、抗降解性和抗电位性。这种新型纤维增强 HSP 有可能扩大材料的适用范围。这项研究取得的成果有望为 HSP 在各种环境和举措中更广泛的应用开辟道路,而这些环境和举措以前并不被认为是合适的。这最终将加强新一代抗洪基础设施的设计和实施,并显著提高缓解城市洪灾的能力。
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引用次数: 0
From three-pillars to three-environments: Shifting the paradigm of sustainability in civil and construction engineering 从 "三支柱 "到 "三环境":转变土木与建筑工程的可持续性模式
Q1 Engineering Pub Date : 2024-05-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.clet.2024.100748
Xiaomei Wang , Andrew South , Clifton Farnsworth , Brett Hashimoto

This research explores the usage of sustainability in literature and presents ‘three environments’ for addressing sustainability in the Civil and Construction Engineering (CCE) disciplines. Scholars have increasingly studied sustainability and sustainable development across CCE disciplines as the importance of sustainability awareness and action in society has increased. However, the vastness of its conceptual breadth and depth in CCE research is difficult to holistically evaluate. As a result, CCE researchers often focus on specific aspects of sustainability applied to discrete contexts, or address sustainability in broad aspirational terms and guiding motivations. This research utilized a rigorous analytical corpus linguistics approach for investigating CCE-based research published between 1989 and 2021 to capture a full view of the academic discourse surrounding sustainability in CCE. The research employed collocational network analysis to enable an expansive and comprehensive study of the concept of sustainability and how it is addressed by CCE researchers. The authors created a 25,920,583-word corpus from papers published in top CCE journals related to sustainability. Significant collocates of the word sustainability were then identified using collocational analysis, and their relationships mapped through collocational network analysis to uncover dominant research areas in CCE. Observations from over 30 years of sustainability research suggests that the CCE disciplines have largely anchored to generalized notions of sustainability, such as ‘the three pillars of sustainability.’ However, deeper analysis provides a more nuanced view. We propose an alternate paradigm of three interconnected environments where CCE professionals operate, highlight criteria for decision-making, and identify primary actions for sustainability.

本研究探讨了可持续发展在文献中的用法,并提出了在土木与建筑工程(CCE)学科中解决可持续发展问题的 "三种环境"。随着可持续发展意识和行动在社会中的重要性不断提高,学者们对 CCE 各学科中的可持续发展和可持续发展的研究也日益增多。然而,在 CCE 的研究中,其概念的广度和深度很难进行整体评估。因此,幼儿保育和教育研究人员往往侧重于将可持续发展的特定方面应用于不同的环境,或者从广泛的愿望和指导动机的角度来探讨可持续发展。本研究采用严格的语料分析语言学方法,调查 1989 年至 2021 年间发表的基于 CCE 的研究成果,以全面了解 CCE 中围绕可持续发展的学术话语。研究采用了词组网络分析,对可持续发展的概念以及 CCE 研究人员如何处理这一概念进行了广泛而全面的研究。作者从发表在顶级幼教期刊上与可持续发展相关的论文中创建了一个 25,920,583 字的语料库。然后通过搭配分析确定了可持续性一词的重要搭配,并通过搭配网络分析绘制了它们之间的关系图,从而发现了 CCE 中的主导研究领域。从 30 多年的可持续发展研究中观察到,幼儿保育和教育学科在很大程度上遵循了可持续发展的一般概念,如 "可持续发展的三大支柱"。然而,更深入的分析提供了更细致入微的观点。我们提出了另一种范式,即由三个相互关联的环境组成,让幼儿保育专业人员在其中开展工作,强调决策标准,并确定促进可持续发展的主要行动。
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引用次数: 0
A comprehensive review of lithium extraction: From historical perspectives to emerging technologies, storage, and environmental considerations 全面回顾锂的提取:从历史视角到新兴技术、储存和环境因素
Q1 Engineering Pub Date : 2024-05-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.clet.2024.100749
Renjith Krishnan , Gokul Gopan

Lithium, a vital element in lithium-ion batteries, is pivotal in the global shift towards cleaner energy and electric mobility. The relentless demand for lithium-ion batteries necessitates an in-depth exploration of lithium extraction methods. This literature review delves into the historical evolution, contemporary practices, and emerging technologies of lithium extraction. It scrutinizes environmental and economic impacts, identifies research gaps, and underscores sustainable extraction’s imperative. It examines conventional methods like spodumene mining and brine extraction, highlighting their advantages and challenges. Emerging technologies, particularly Direct Lithium Extraction (DLE) and geothermal brine recovery, are evaluated for their potential to revolutionize the industry. Environmental considerations, including water usage, chemical disposal, and habitat disruption, are assessed alongside economic implications. The review also identifies critical research gaps, beckoning the scientific community to develop solutions that meet lithium’s surging demand while safeguarding the environment. In conclusion, this literature review emphasizes the need for sustainable lithium extraction to facilitate a future powered by cleaner energy sources and sustainable transportation.

锂是锂离子电池中的重要元素,在全球向清洁能源和电动汽车的转变中起着举足轻重的作用。对锂离子电池的持续需求要求对锂提取方法进行深入探讨。本文献综述深入探讨了锂提取的历史演变、当代实践和新兴技术。它仔细研究了对环境和经济的影响,找出了研究空白,并强调了可持续提取的必要性。报告研究了传统方法,如锂辉石开采和卤水提取,强调了它们的优势和挑战。对新兴技术,特别是直接锂提取(DLE)和地热卤水回收进行了评估,以了解其对该行业带来变革的潜力。在评估经济影响的同时,还评估了环境因素,包括用水、化学品处理和栖息地破坏。综述还指出了关键的研究缺口,呼吁科学界开发既能满足锂需求激增,又能保护环境的解决方案。总之,这篇文献综述强调了可持续锂提取的必要性,以促进未来由更清洁的能源和可持续交通提供动力。
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引用次数: 0
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Cleaner Engineering and Technology
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