{"title":"A Place for Everything: The Curious History of Alphabetical Order by Judith Flanders (review)","authors":"Jack Lynch","doi":"10.1353/dic.2021.0010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/dic.2021.0010","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":35106,"journal":{"name":"Dictionaries","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45146291","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Cambridge Companion to English Dictionaries ed. by Sarah Ogilvie (review)","authors":"Elizabeth Knowles","doi":"10.1353/dic.2021.0009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/dic.2021.0009","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":35106,"journal":{"name":"Dictionaries","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42829820","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ABSTRACT:The authors of this article are at work on a pilot digital edition of the papers of Sir James Murray in the Bodleian Library at the University of Oxford. Murray was chief editor of the Oxford English Dictionary from 1879 until his death, aged 78, in 1915. As he himself foresaw, the letters he exchanged almost daily over this period, with a host of correspondents, formed an essential part of "the whole material on which the Dictionary [was to] be built." Today they make fascinating and informative reading, while also providing a case-study of the role of letter-writing in nineteenth-century scholarly projects and networks. The article describes the origins and character of the Bodleian archive-not least its value in illuminating the creation of the OED-and sets out the nature and purpose of the edition, along with its planned future development.
{"title":"Aggravated Mischief: Editing and Digitizing the Papers of Sir James Murray","authors":"C. Brewer, Stephen Turton","doi":"10.1353/dic.2021.0001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/dic.2021.0001","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT:The authors of this article are at work on a pilot digital edition of the papers of Sir James Murray in the Bodleian Library at the University of Oxford. Murray was chief editor of the Oxford English Dictionary from 1879 until his death, aged 78, in 1915. As he himself foresaw, the letters he exchanged almost daily over this period, with a host of correspondents, formed an essential part of \"the whole material on which the Dictionary [was to] be built.\" Today they make fascinating and informative reading, while also providing a case-study of the role of letter-writing in nineteenth-century scholarly projects and networks. The article describes the origins and character of the Bodleian archive-not least its value in illuminating the creation of the OED-and sets out the nature and purpose of the edition, along with its planned future development.","PeriodicalId":35106,"journal":{"name":"Dictionaries","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42483953","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ABSTRACT:Despite rigorously researched updates to many OED entries pertaining to sexual orientation and gender identity, much work remains to be done in these highly pragmatically marked fields long neglected by professional lexicographers. The data-driven analysis presented here is meant to offer lessons for lexicology, metalexicography, and queer studies, especially in a cross-linguistic onomasiological perspective. Concrete corrections, clarifications, antedatings, and additions are proposed to the historical LGBTQ lexicon as treated in the Oxford English Dictionary (OED), with a nomenclature covering the entire period of Modern English.
{"title":"Updating the OED on the Historical LGBTQ Lexicon","authors":"Nicholas Lo Vecchio","doi":"10.1353/dic.2021.0003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/dic.2021.0003","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT:Despite rigorously researched updates to many OED entries pertaining to sexual orientation and gender identity, much work remains to be done in these highly pragmatically marked fields long neglected by professional lexicographers. The data-driven analysis presented here is meant to offer lessons for lexicology, metalexicography, and queer studies, especially in a cross-linguistic onomasiological perspective. Concrete corrections, clarifications, antedatings, and additions are proposed to the historical LGBTQ lexicon as treated in the Oxford English Dictionary (OED), with a nomenclature covering the entire period of Modern English.","PeriodicalId":35106,"journal":{"name":"Dictionaries","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42607405","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ABSTRACT:The recent history of English language dictionary boycotts, petitions, and protests evidences how public expectations and demands of dictionaries shape lexicographical history and praxis. Widely publicized campaigns by the NAACP, feminist organizations, ethnic groups, and subcultural caucuses have accused mainstream dictionaries of endorsing damaging social stereotypes. In addition to demanding audits of dictionary-maker demographics, such boycotts have advocated revision strategies beyond or at odds with established lexicographical methods. While boycotts have often successfully secured lexicographical change, that change has been limited in scope. Accordingly, this paper suggests that, to be more publicly accountable and socially responsible, dictionaries need read public protests as mandates to cultivate a more ethical, reflexive, and relational mode of lexicographical praxis. Please note that this article contains words that can be used as racist, sexist, and homophobic slurs.
{"title":"Dictionary Boycotts and the Power of Popular (Re)Definition","authors":"L. Russell","doi":"10.1353/dic.2021.0013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/dic.2021.0013","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT:The recent history of English language dictionary boycotts, petitions, and protests evidences how public expectations and demands of dictionaries shape lexicographical history and praxis. Widely publicized campaigns by the NAACP, feminist organizations, ethnic groups, and subcultural caucuses have accused mainstream dictionaries of endorsing damaging social stereotypes. In addition to demanding audits of dictionary-maker demographics, such boycotts have advocated revision strategies beyond or at odds with established lexicographical methods. While boycotts have often successfully secured lexicographical change, that change has been limited in scope. Accordingly, this paper suggests that, to be more publicly accountable and socially responsible, dictionaries need read public protests as mandates to cultivate a more ethical, reflexive, and relational mode of lexicographical praxis. Please note that this article contains words that can be used as racist, sexist, and homophobic slurs.","PeriodicalId":35106,"journal":{"name":"Dictionaries","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45409129","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ABSTRACT:I have previously looked in detail at the preliminary process by which the overall plan for and structure of the first edition (1941) of the Oxford Dictionary of Quotations was discussed and decided (Knowles 2004), and at the five-year production phase of the project, between 1935, when the first proofs were produced, and 1941, when the book appeared (Knowles 2019). The purpose of this article is to look in more detail at the first stages of the project in which the base material was assembled, with particular attention given to what we now know about the work of a number of individual contributors and compilers, together with the contribution of those additional scholars and specialists who from time to time were also consulted. New archival material has been adduced to demonstrate the network of personal and professional contacts invoked to provide the raw material for the text. Consideration is given to the way in which the methodology for this work of popular reference reflected the practice established for the creation of major scholarly lexical dictionaries. There is a significant and growing body of work devoted to the history of such dictionaries; it is suggested that dictionaries of quotations are similarly worthy of such attention.
{"title":"\"Not Less than Six Months\": Compiling the First Draft of The Oxford Dictionary of Quotations","authors":"Elizabeth Knowles","doi":"10.1353/dic.2021.0004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/dic.2021.0004","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT:I have previously looked in detail at the preliminary process by which the overall plan for and structure of the first edition (1941) of the Oxford Dictionary of Quotations was discussed and decided (Knowles 2004), and at the five-year production phase of the project, between 1935, when the first proofs were produced, and 1941, when the book appeared (Knowles 2019). The purpose of this article is to look in more detail at the first stages of the project in which the base material was assembled, with particular attention given to what we now know about the work of a number of individual contributors and compilers, together with the contribution of those additional scholars and specialists who from time to time were also consulted. New archival material has been adduced to demonstrate the network of personal and professional contacts invoked to provide the raw material for the text. Consideration is given to the way in which the methodology for this work of popular reference reflected the practice established for the creation of major scholarly lexical dictionaries. There is a significant and growing body of work devoted to the history of such dictionaries; it is suggested that dictionaries of quotations are similarly worthy of such attention.","PeriodicalId":35106,"journal":{"name":"Dictionaries","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47132690","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ABSTRACT:The advent of third-party licensing and aggregation has provided larger audiences for dictionary content and new revenue opportunities for publishers, but it also disrupts the notion of the dictionary as a self-contained source of information and introduces new intermediaries between dictionary makers and dictionary users. At the same time, the public statements of dictionary brands in traditional and social media expand the public perception of what the dictionary is. This article describes the "decontextualization" of dictionary content in the current market and presents a qualitative review of recent news stories involving dictionaries to identify themes in how the different scenarios in which dictionary content is used affect reception of dictionaries by the public.
{"title":"The Decontextualized Dictionary in the Public Eye","authors":"K. Martin","doi":"10.1353/dic.2021.0007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/dic.2021.0007","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT:The advent of third-party licensing and aggregation has provided larger audiences for dictionary content and new revenue opportunities for publishers, but it also disrupts the notion of the dictionary as a self-contained source of information and introduces new intermediaries between dictionary makers and dictionary users. At the same time, the public statements of dictionary brands in traditional and social media expand the public perception of what the dictionary is. This article describes the \"decontextualization\" of dictionary content in the current market and presents a qualitative review of recent news stories involving dictionaries to identify themes in how the different scenarios in which dictionary content is used affect reception of dictionaries by the public.","PeriodicalId":35106,"journal":{"name":"Dictionaries","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41293019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Historical Dictionaries in Their Paratextual Context ed. by Roderick McConchie and Jukka Tyrkkö (review)","authors":"Lisa Berglund","doi":"10.1353/dic.2021.0008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/dic.2021.0008","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":35106,"journal":{"name":"Dictionaries","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47407861","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Traversing Lexicographical Borderlands: Introduction to Forum on Vernacular Lexicographies","authors":"Orion Montoya","doi":"10.1353/dic.2020.0023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/dic.2020.0023","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":35106,"journal":{"name":"Dictionaries","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1353/dic.2020.0023","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46018573","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ABSTRACT:In 1930, while he was working as an assistant on the Dictionary of American English (DAE) Mitford M. Mathews submitted a dissertation titled Southern Backwoods Diction 1829–1840 to the powers that were at the University of Chicago. It was rejected but supplied the DAE with entries and quotations, and it counts as an important stage of Mathews' apprenticeship. Accounting for what of the dissertation was and was not included in the DAE reveals a clash of language ideologies, British and American, underlying the project and its dictionary product, an impression fortified by Mathews' later manuscript comments and stories of decision-making at the DAE told in the column he contributed to American Speech for a decade, "Of Matters Lexicographical." When Mathews edited the Dictionary of Americanisms, he included eighty-four items excluded from the DAE, a small number given the scopes of the respective dictionaries, but an ideological statement about the importance of specifically American knowledge of American English, nonetheless.
{"title":"A Fair Road for Stumps: Language Ideologies and the Making of the Dictionary of American English and the Dictionary of Americanisms","authors":"Michael D. Adams","doi":"10.1353/dic.2020.0021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/dic.2020.0021","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT:In 1930, while he was working as an assistant on the Dictionary of American English (DAE) Mitford M. Mathews submitted a dissertation titled Southern Backwoods Diction 1829–1840 to the powers that were at the University of Chicago. It was rejected but supplied the DAE with entries and quotations, and it counts as an important stage of Mathews' apprenticeship. Accounting for what of the dissertation was and was not included in the DAE reveals a clash of language ideologies, British and American, underlying the project and its dictionary product, an impression fortified by Mathews' later manuscript comments and stories of decision-making at the DAE told in the column he contributed to American Speech for a decade, \"Of Matters Lexicographical.\" When Mathews edited the Dictionary of Americanisms, he included eighty-four items excluded from the DAE, a small number given the scopes of the respective dictionaries, but an ideological statement about the importance of specifically American knowledge of American English, nonetheless.","PeriodicalId":35106,"journal":{"name":"Dictionaries","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1353/dic.2020.0021","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43813074","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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