Pub Date : 2010-06-16DOI: 10.1504/IJTG.2010.033668
M. Parhi
The purpose of the paper is to analyse the nature and patterns of adoption of Advanced Manufacturing Technologies (AMTs) in the Indian auto components industry in light of the policy changes in India and changes in world automotive industry. We empirically investigate the determinants of AMT adoption in order to tease out the parameters of technological change. The process of technology diffusion is dynamic and appears to have been driven by an apparent objective of steering the industry in the direction of an innovation-driven industry. The evolution of the industry in the light of these is discussed and relevant policy implications are spelled out in the paper.
{"title":"Inching towards global competitiveness: Adoption of Advanced Manufacturing Technologies (AMTs) in Indian auto components industry","authors":"M. Parhi","doi":"10.1504/IJTG.2010.033668","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/IJTG.2010.033668","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of the paper is to analyse the nature and patterns of adoption of Advanced Manufacturing Technologies (AMTs) in the Indian auto components industry in light of the policy changes in India and changes in world automotive industry. We empirically investigate the determinants of AMT adoption in order to tease out the parameters of technological change. The process of technology diffusion is dynamic and appears to have been driven by an apparent objective of steering the industry in the direction of an innovation-driven industry. The evolution of the industry in the light of these is discussed and relevant policy implications are spelled out in the paper.","PeriodicalId":35474,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Technology and Globalisation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1504/IJTG.2010.033668","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66776801","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-06-16DOI: 10.1504/IJTG.2010.033669
Bernard D’mello
The paper examines the adoption of the innovations of the 'centre' by the Indian integrated steel industry (in the 'periphery') and lack of autonomous technological development, despite the potential, during 1970-1990. Imported technology was not subjected to any significant local adaptation and modification; further, there were hardly any autonomous technological innovations. Local ferrous metallurgical R&D, steel plant design and engineering, and the associated capital goods industry were weak and undeveloped, with tenuous linkages among themselves, and with the integrated steel plants.
{"title":"Innovation, imitation and dependence: iron and steel technology in India, 1970-1990","authors":"Bernard D’mello","doi":"10.1504/IJTG.2010.033669","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/IJTG.2010.033669","url":null,"abstract":"The paper examines the adoption of the innovations of the 'centre' by the Indian integrated steel industry (in the 'periphery') and lack of autonomous technological development, despite the potential, during 1970-1990. Imported technology was not subjected to any significant local adaptation and modification; further, there were hardly any autonomous technological innovations. Local ferrous metallurgical R&D, steel plant design and engineering, and the associated capital goods industry were weak and undeveloped, with tenuous linkages among themselves, and with the integrated steel plants.","PeriodicalId":35474,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Technology and Globalisation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1504/IJTG.2010.033669","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66776815","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-06-16DOI: 10.1504/IJTG.2010.033664
S. Mani
There is a general feeling among both the academic and business communities across the world that the India is becoming an important location for the release of a number of innovations. In the context, the paper systematically puts together the empirical evidence on whether this is indeed the case since the reform process of 1991. The ensuing analysis shows that the growth in innovations is not widespread but concentrated in certain specific sectoral systems of innovation such as in the case of the pharmaceutical industry. Also most of the recent innovative activities could be traced to foreign companies operating from the country.
{"title":"Are innovations on the rise in India since the onset of reforms of 1991? Analysis of its evidence and some disquieting features","authors":"S. Mani","doi":"10.1504/IJTG.2010.033664","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/IJTG.2010.033664","url":null,"abstract":"There is a general feeling among both the academic and business communities across the world that the India is becoming an important location for the release of a number of innovations. In the context, the paper systematically puts together the empirical evidence on whether this is indeed the case since the reform process of 1991. The ensuing analysis shows that the growth in innovations is not widespread but concentrated in certain specific sectoral systems of innovation such as in the case of the pharmaceutical industry. Also most of the recent innovative activities could be traced to foreign companies operating from the country.","PeriodicalId":35474,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Technology and Globalisation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1504/IJTG.2010.033664","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66777195","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-06-16DOI: 10.1504/IJTG.2010.033670
Tirthankar Roy
Textiles industry is one of the leading industries in India in terms of its contribution to employment, output and exports. The paper surveys the technological changes in the industry during the period since the onset of reforms in the country. Although the industry is generally termed as a low technology one, it does employ high technology processes and machinery. Liberalisation resulted in the importation of second hand machinery and technological changes in the domestic textile machinery sector.
{"title":"Technological change in Indian textiles industry, 1991-2006","authors":"Tirthankar Roy","doi":"10.1504/IJTG.2010.033670","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/IJTG.2010.033670","url":null,"abstract":"Textiles industry is one of the leading industries in India in terms of its contribution to employment, output and exports. The paper surveys the technological changes in the industry during the period since the onset of reforms in the country. Although the industry is generally termed as a low technology one, it does employ high technology processes and machinery. Liberalisation resulted in the importation of second hand machinery and technological changes in the domestic textile machinery sector.","PeriodicalId":35474,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Technology and Globalisation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1504/IJTG.2010.033670","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66776862","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-06-16DOI: 10.1504/IJTG.2010.033665
M. Parameswaran
This paper examines the effect of international trade on firms' investment in R&D. As the theoretical literature on this is ambiguous and contingent on many industry-and firm-specific details, an empirical analysis assumes significance. The study shows that export, in general, encourages investment in innovation, while R&D promoting effect of capital goods and disembodied technology import is not widespread. The impact of import competition, the study shows, depends on domestic market structure. It promotes investment in R&D only when domestic market is highly concentrated otherwise it has negative effect. The paper, thus, brings out the conditional nature of impact of trade on investment in R&D. This result supports the recent developments in the growth literature on the relationship between product market competition and innovation.
{"title":"International trade and R&D investment: evidence from manufacturing firms in India","authors":"M. Parameswaran","doi":"10.1504/IJTG.2010.033665","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/IJTG.2010.033665","url":null,"abstract":"This paper examines the effect of international trade on firms' investment in R&D. As the theoretical literature on this is ambiguous and contingent on many industry-and firm-specific details, an empirical analysis assumes significance. The study shows that export, in general, encourages investment in innovation, while R&D promoting effect of capital goods and disembodied technology import is not widespread. The impact of import competition, the study shows, depends on domestic market structure. It promotes investment in R&D only when domestic market is highly concentrated otherwise it has negative effect. The paper, thus, brings out the conditional nature of impact of trade on investment in R&D. This result supports the recent developments in the growth literature on the relationship between product market competition and innovation.","PeriodicalId":35474,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Technology and Globalisation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1504/IJTG.2010.033665","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66776741","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-06-16DOI: 10.1504/IJTG.2010.033666
S. Chaudhuri
The world pharmaceutical industry dominated by multinational corporations has neglected research for drugs for diseases of poor countries. Introduction of stronger patent protection in India after World Trade Organization's TRIPS agreement has failed to rectify this deficiency despite the substantial increase in R&D activity. In the light of the experience of the Indian private sector and the public-private partnerships initiated in India for the development of new drugs, the paper explores some policy options and suggests the expansion of public-private partnerships to include organisations from other innovative developing countries such as Brazil and China.
{"title":"R&D for development of new drugs for neglected diseases in India","authors":"S. Chaudhuri","doi":"10.1504/IJTG.2010.033666","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/IJTG.2010.033666","url":null,"abstract":"The world pharmaceutical industry dominated by multinational corporations has neglected research for drugs for diseases of poor countries. Introduction of stronger patent protection in India after World Trade Organization's TRIPS agreement has failed to rectify this deficiency despite the substantial increase in R&D activity. In the light of the experience of the Indian private sector and the public-private partnerships initiated in India for the development of new drugs, the paper explores some policy options and suggests the expansion of public-private partnerships to include organisations from other innovative developing countries such as Brazil and China.","PeriodicalId":35474,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Technology and Globalisation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1504/IJTG.2010.033666","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66776750","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-06-16DOI: 10.1504/IJTG.2010.033667
S. Chaturvedi
The recent expansion of Indian biotechnology industry backed by strong R&D allocations sets the upward movement of the industry on a new growth trajectory intertwined with innovation and entrepreneurship. This is most likely to take off Indian biopharma industry from 'bio-generics' and 'bio-similars' to a higher pedestal where it may develop 'proprietary processes', carving a new niche for the growth of the sector, giving further push to R&D-intensive activities. The issue is how National Innovation System (NIS), which could provide initial manpower and financial support to the sector, responds to the growing specialisation of the Indian biopharma and help evolve new strategies to sustain the growth in the high-end biopharma sector.
{"title":"Emerging Indian entrepreneurship in biotechnology and National Innovation System: exploring linkages and prospects","authors":"S. Chaturvedi","doi":"10.1504/IJTG.2010.033667","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/IJTG.2010.033667","url":null,"abstract":"The recent expansion of Indian biotechnology industry backed by strong R&D allocations sets the upward movement of the industry on a new growth trajectory intertwined with innovation and entrepreneurship. This is most likely to take off Indian biopharma industry from 'bio-generics' and 'bio-similars' to a higher pedestal where it may develop 'proprietary processes', carving a new niche for the growth of the sector, giving further push to R&D-intensive activities. The issue is how National Innovation System (NIS), which could provide initial manpower and financial support to the sector, responds to the growing specialisation of the Indian biopharma and help evolve new strategies to sustain the growth in the high-end biopharma sector.","PeriodicalId":35474,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Technology and Globalisation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1504/IJTG.2010.033667","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66776786","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-06-16DOI: 10.1504/IJTG.2010.033671
Alejandro Naclerio
Argentina, in the 1990s within the liberalisation reforms' context, just purchased modern foreign technologies without making any innovation efforts. Conversely, other developing countries carried out institutional interventions in order to generate social and technological knowledge. The evidence included in this paper demonstrates that during the economic and productivity growth period (1991-1998), firms were not concerned by innovation activities. Consequently, it was impossible to build up a National Innovation System, supported, in essence, on national learning. Accordingly, our main hypothesis is: "importing new technology is not enough to encourage the innovation process, if there is lack of innovation effort".
{"title":"Innovation system and developing countries: the Argentine's failure","authors":"Alejandro Naclerio","doi":"10.1504/IJTG.2010.033671","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/IJTG.2010.033671","url":null,"abstract":"Argentina, in the 1990s within the liberalisation reforms' context, just purchased modern foreign technologies without making any innovation efforts. Conversely, other developing countries carried out institutional interventions in order to generate social and technological knowledge. The evidence included in this paper demonstrates that during the economic and productivity growth period (1991-1998), firms were not concerned by innovation activities. Consequently, it was impossible to build up a National Innovation System, supported, in essence, on national learning. Accordingly, our main hypothesis is: \"importing new technology is not enough to encourage the innovation process, if there is lack of innovation effort\".","PeriodicalId":35474,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Technology and Globalisation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1504/IJTG.2010.033671","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66776874","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2009-01-01DOI: 10.1504/IJTG.2009.032733
Rajesh K. Pillania, J. Chang
Innovation has again become a buzzword in recent past. Faced with a hypercompetitive global scenario, one after another country and company is realising the importance of innovations and new knowledge creation (Pillania, 2006a). This research work studies 140 countries on knowledge and innovation and identifies three groups namely Knowledge Stars, Followers and Laggards based on their performance. Interestingly, the emerging markets fall in all of the three categories. The research work stresses on the need for improving the performance of Laggards on knowledge and innovation front for social development and competitiveness.
{"title":"Research note: Global innovation and knowledge scenario: the stars, followers and laggards","authors":"Rajesh K. Pillania, J. Chang","doi":"10.1504/IJTG.2009.032733","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/IJTG.2009.032733","url":null,"abstract":"Innovation has again become a buzzword in recent past. Faced with a hypercompetitive global scenario, one after another country and company is realising the importance of innovations and new knowledge creation (Pillania, 2006a). This research work studies 140 countries on knowledge and innovation and identifies three groups namely Knowledge Stars, Followers and Laggards based on their performance. Interestingly, the emerging markets fall in all of the three categories. The research work stresses on the need for improving the performance of Laggards on knowledge and innovation front for social development and competitiveness.","PeriodicalId":35474,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Technology and Globalisation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1504/IJTG.2009.032733","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66776482","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2009-01-01DOI: 10.1504/IJTG.2009.032738
T. Daim, S. Patino, Nathanial Jarpa, Youngkoo Yoon
The primary goal of this paper is to develop a forecast for mobile WiMAX as an emerging technology using scenario planning and Bass model methodologies. To understand why these methods were applied in assessing a forecast for the adoption of WiMAX, the report will discuss the technology's progress, functionality and fair competition. Literature review on the methodology and applications of forecasting in the mobile communications industry will be considered to help provide examples of technology-forecasting estimations. The research shows that WiMAX will diffuse in Korea at a faster rate owing to positive response from imitators. With substantial market potential and a clear picture of subscriber needs, the next radical expansion is expected to occur in the field of personal broadband services. The WIMAX standard promises to deliver superior speed, cost-effective and high-quality services with long distance comprehensive coverage.
{"title":"WiMAX diffusion in USA and Korea: a comparative study integrating scenario planning and Bass model","authors":"T. Daim, S. Patino, Nathanial Jarpa, Youngkoo Yoon","doi":"10.1504/IJTG.2009.032738","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/IJTG.2009.032738","url":null,"abstract":"The primary goal of this paper is to develop a forecast for mobile WiMAX as an emerging technology using scenario planning and Bass model methodologies. To understand why these methods were applied in assessing a forecast for the adoption of WiMAX, the report will discuss the technology's progress, functionality and fair competition. Literature review on the methodology and applications of forecasting in the mobile communications industry will be considered to help provide examples of technology-forecasting estimations. The research shows that WiMAX will diffuse in Korea at a faster rate owing to positive response from imitators. With substantial market potential and a clear picture of subscriber needs, the next radical expansion is expected to occur in the field of personal broadband services. The WIMAX standard promises to deliver superior speed, cost-effective and high-quality services with long distance comprehensive coverage.","PeriodicalId":35474,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Technology and Globalisation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1504/IJTG.2009.032738","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66777066","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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