Meditsina truda i promyshlennaia ekologiia最新文献

Comparative analysis covered cardiovascular system state in teachers of primary school, secondary school and additional education in Rostov region educational institutions. Evaluation covered 7 levels of "ideal cardiovascular health" parameters.

The authors analyzed problems of operating system of workers' social security, among them - insurance payments are provided on basis of experts'lists of productions, work types, occupations without consideration of real work conditions on specific workplaces, health state and performance of workers. Solutions of the problems are suggested.

Analysis of longstanding occupational morbidity helped to determine enterprises forming occupational morbidity in Sverdlovsk region and occupations with most frequently registered these diseases among the workers. In the priority occupations of the enterprises, medial and prophylactic measures are designed and implemented to prevent occupational and occupationally conditioned diseases, from medical examinations to rehabilitation in sanatoriums of the enterprises, with consideration of all financial sources.

The authors discuss bioethical problems appearing in usage of genetic tests as a technology of personalized medicine for prevention and early diagnosis of occupational diseases, and connected with question "Who has a right to know results of genetic test?". Analysis covered principles and legal norms, regulating human rights for security of health information, and causes of anxiety about workers' discrimination due to genetic test results. The authors necessitate differentiation between discrimination and reasonable restrictions favorable for workers in cases when work conditions can be a health hazard for person due to genetic predisposition.

The authors consider results of retrospective analysis of primary consultations of 2791 coal miners with occupational lumbosacral radiculopathy over 1976-2014 in Rostov regional occupational center. Findings are that 975 miners (34.9%) underwent examination of the disease connection with occupation, and occupational lumbosacral radiculopathy was diagnosed on primary consultation, but in 1816 miners (65.1%) recurrent lowerback pain and health-injury by occupational hazards were diagnosed. Recurrent lower back pain in miners was considered as a predictor of occupational lumbosacral radiculopathy. The authors suggested a way of prevention for occupational lumbosacral radiculopathy and comorbid conditions in miners during periodic medical examinations in occupational pathology center.

In copper alloys production, workers engaged into the process are exposed to occupational hazards with leading one being high-dispersed dust of complex chemical composition. The workers of main occupations demonstrate increased prevalence of respiratory diseases, digestive diseases, peripheral nervous system disorders - that necessitates implementation of complex measures both in improvement of work conditions and in medical prophylaxis.

Occupational activity with night shifts and length of service over 5 years is characterized by prevalent sympathetic influence on cardiac activity, vagosympathetic interaction index (LF/HF) is considerably higher than in workers with lower length of service and 1.5 times exceeding upper normal value. VLF indicator exceeds physiologic normal value due to increased activity of ergotropic and humoral metabolic mechanisms of cardiac rhythm regulation. Sympathetic regulation activity level (LF parameter) is also reliably higher than in workers with lower length of service (p = 0.024). Parasympathetic regulation activity level (HF parameter) is below normal value - that indicates decreased influence of parasympathetic vegetative system on cardiac activity (depression of defence mechanisms). Comparative analysis of vegetative regulation spectrum at rest, in accordance with length of service, demonstrated the most marked changes in workers with length of service over 5 years: lower total spectral capacity (TP, msz), lower share of high-frequency waves (HF, %), increase of average vagosympathetic interaction index (LF/HF) and higher share of very low waves (VLF, %) in the spectrum structure. Ihe data prove intensified ergotropic, humoral, sympathetic influences on cardiac activity and, as a result, higher risk of dysmetabolic processes and cardiovascular diseases.

The article presents results of study concerning influence of relaxation sessions on emotional and psychophysical state of locomotive crew workers in special cabin for psychoemotional relief "Vivid silence" simulating rest in nature. Relaxation sessions appeared to cause better mood, lower blood pressure, increased reactions speed, reduced number of errors. Purposeful training of the specialists in self-regulation is extremely important for preparation to work activity and for prophylactic and social measures aimed to preserve and improve health in locomotive crew workers.

The article covers results of study concerning influence of Captopril (25 mg) therapy on occupational activity of locomotive crew workers in real night travels model on training complex "EP1M locomotive operator cabin". Findings are that single use of Captopril (25 mg) in modelled railway activity enabled to increase reliability of occupational activity, that manifested in lower number of errors in locomotive operators' actions at night, and in psychophysiologic regulation of various psychic acts.

Complex treatment using naphthalane applications with nonselective chromotherapy covered 64 engine operators of locomotive crews, aged 40-69 years, having 1-3 stage knee osteoarthrosis. Findings are that optimized treatment schedules effectively reduce intensity of pain, improve functional state of the joints involved, increase life quality of the patients, have no side effects. Comparative analysis of the treatment results showed that efficiency of combined naphthalane and nonselective chromotherapy exceeds isolated naphthalane effects.