Meditsina truda i promyshlennaia ekologiia最新文献

The authors examined algorithm of investigations in occupational pathology centers for suspected occupational polyneuropathy due to physical overload. Suggestions included a procedure to investigate the patients, including medical specialists consultations, set of laboratory and instrumental studies divided into obligatory and by special indications.

Complex medical examination covered 87 metallurgists of aluminium production with chronic fluorine intoxication and 43 metallurgists witout occupational diseases, aged 40 to 60, to evaluate factors associated with multi-focal atherosclerosis risk in aluminium production workers with chronic fluorine intoxication. Findings are increased incidence of ischemic heart disease and combined atherosclerosis of extracranial and peripheral arteries in workers with long exposure to fluorine compounds. Metallurgists with chronic fluorine intoxication appeared to have more frequent hyperfibrinogenemia and coronary personality type A, if compared to those without occupational diseases.

The article presents results of evaluating chronic intoxication risks, acute toxic effects risk, carcinogenic risk and risk of occupational diseases due to dust. Findings are that the highest risk levels for chronic intoxication and carciongenic risk are seen in coal open cast miners. The most dangerous occupation is diesel locomotive operator. High risk of occupational disease due to dust is seen in electric steel-making, rail and structural steel production. The most dangerous occupations are electric furnace melters, melter assistants, crane operators, hot rolling operators, metal heaters. The authors revealed chemicall pollutants making maximal contribution into formation of health risk for workers.

To design forecasting system, the authors studied occurrence of atherosclerosis and its risk factors in 152 workers of coal mines in South Kouzbass (tunnellers, cleaning pit-face miners, mining excavator operators), suffering from anthracosilicosis. Atherosclerosis was revealed in 124 (81.6%) workers with anthracosilicosis. With Bayess method for independent signs and Wald's sequential analysis method, the authors created a way to forecast atherosclerosis with coronary, extracranial and peripheral arteries involvement in miners with anthracosilicosis. Maximal risk of atherosclerosis in miners with anthracosilicosis is associated with following parameters: age 45 years and over, arterial hypertension, smoking, abdominal obesity type, diabetes mellitus, metabolic syndrome, respiratory failure, family history of IHD, hypercholesterolemia, increased LDL cholesterol, decreased HDL cholesterol, increased atherogeneity coefficient, hypertriglyceridemia, hyperhomocysteinemia, hyperfibrinogenemia, increased C-reactive protein, hypersthenic type according to Reese-Isenc index, andromorphic type according to Tanner index, blood group. markers A (II) and B (III), rhesus negative, MN and NN. Through increased number of factors analyzed and selected additional markers, accuracy of atherosclerosis forecasting is increased - that enables to proceed with opportune treatment and prevention.

Mining industry is characterized by hazardous work conditions that determine high risk of occupational morbidity. The article presents results of hygienic evaluation of work conditions and health risk for workers of Tashtagolsk mining enterprise in Kemerovo region, due to exposure to occupational hazards: noise, dust level, toxic chemicals. The authors present structure of occupational groups in mining industry, based on values of occupational factors, and taxonomic index characterizing overall risk level connected with occupational hazards.

The author presents results in main scientific trends developed in the Institute since its foundation and prospects of further advances in public health and healthcare, hygiene, industrial medicine, human ecology.

Identification covered a source of dust deposits in snow on stationary monitoring sites near the largest in Europe copper-nickel enterprise <>. Retrospective analysis demonstrated that considerable decrease in aerotechnogenic load resulted in disappeared technogenic phase of the dust releases, but revealed influence of neighbouring heating power station using fuel oil.

Based on complex of parameters characterizing social economic level, innovation activity and morbidity among able-bodied population, the authors suggested a typology of RF regions different in potential, urgency and risk value of modernization. Claster analysis helped to identify 4 types of territories - moderately modernizing regions with high modernization potential (12 RF subjects), well modernizing regions with moderate modernization potential (26 RF subjects), moderately modernizing regions with moderate modernization potential (28 RF subjects), poorly modernizing regions with low modernization potential (5 RF subjects). Findings are that special attention is required not only by RF subjects with the workers' low health level and poorly modernization processes, but also highly modernized regions with the workers' health problems can result from risky character of modernization. The article is prepared with financial support from RGNF (project N 16-16-59007).

The authors attempted to follow history of national occupational pathology development, analyzed features of its formation of Russian Federation territory, presented main stages and key moments of its establishment in XIX-XXI centuries.

The authors constructed forecasting models of risk for occupational lumbosacral radiculopathy combined with vibration disease and occupational neurosensory deafness in coal miners suffering from lower back pain and signs of occupational hazards influence on health state. Scientific basis covered determination of high and low risk groups for health disorders in miners, according to calculations within suggested formula in forecasting models. Findings are that each year following primary diagnosis of lower back pain and signs of occupational hazards influence on health state, probability of occupational lumbosacral radiculopathy combined with vibration disease increased by-1S% (OR = 1.15 1; 95% CI = 1.105-1.200), combined with occupational neurosensory deafness - by 5% (OR = 1.054, 95% CI = 1.097- 1.507). Probability to get occupational neurosensory deafness combined with occupational lumbosacral radiculopathy was maximal in miners aged 30-39, and combination of vibration disease and radiculopathy was more frequent in miners aged 40-49 (OR = 1.542; 95% CI = 1.154-2.062).