Pub Date : 2018-12-21DOI: 10.31577/GEOGRCAS.2018.70.4.18
Z. Hruška, Jana Hinke
The aim of this paper is, firstly to analyze the current state of price policy (as an important part of revenue management) implemented in accommodation facilities in the central Šumava mountains, and secondly to define the optimization measures leading to the maximization of the takings and the profit as the final result. Research at 58 accommodation facilities and 642 visitors of this part of the Šumava mountains was performed for these reasons. The research results bring important knowledge when more than a half of accommodation facilities do not implement an efficient price policy, not even in the basic form which means price differentiation. Related to this, other research was performed among the visitors of the Šumava mountains, which brought the basis for the takings optimization process. The paper also presents knowledge how to implement the complex price policy in accordance with the principles of revenue management in accommodation facilities not only in this part of the Czech Republic but after some modifications in other areas on the national and international level. The paper shows that the revenue management of accommodation facilities is a complicated process which is linked to the financial management of a business as well as marketing and micro-economic theory.
{"title":"Price policy of accommodation services as an important part of revenue management in the central Šumava mountains","authors":"Z. Hruška, Jana Hinke","doi":"10.31577/GEOGRCAS.2018.70.4.18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31577/GEOGRCAS.2018.70.4.18","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this paper is, firstly to analyze the current state of price policy (as an important part of revenue management) implemented in accommodation facilities in the central Šumava mountains, and secondly to define the optimization measures leading to the maximization of the takings and the profit as the final result. Research at 58 accommodation facilities and 642 visitors of this part of the Šumava mountains was performed for these reasons. The research results bring important knowledge when more than a half of accommodation facilities do not implement an efficient price policy, not even in the basic form which means price differentiation. Related to this, other research was performed among the visitors of the Šumava mountains, which brought the basis for the takings optimization process. The paper also presents knowledge how to implement the complex price policy in accordance with the principles of revenue management in accommodation facilities not only in this part of the Czech Republic but after some modifications in other areas on the national and international level. The paper shows that the revenue management of accommodation facilities is a complicated process which is linked to the financial management of a business as well as marketing and micro-economic theory.","PeriodicalId":35652,"journal":{"name":"GEOGRAFICKY CASOPIS-Geographical Journal","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2018-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70011022","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-09-28DOI: 10.31577/geogrcas.2018.70.2.08
Miloš Rusnák, Ján Sládek, Anna Kidová
The aim of this paper is to present the possibilities of UAVs (Unmanned Aerial Vehicles) as photogrammetry payload carriers for data acquisition and fluvial landform identification and mapping. The manual and automatic classification of the Belá River riparian zone for landscape object identification and the analyses of the point cloud density after vegetation filtration was performed. The HEXAKOPTER XL including the Sony NEX 6 camera with 16 – 50 mm lens for landscape monitoring features was used. Data was processed in Agisoft PhotoScan software. The RMSE (root mean square error) of aligned images was 60.121 mm (x coordinate), 43.7584 mm (y coordinate) and 29.46 mm (z coordinate). The resulting point cloud was semiautomatic classified in the software Terrasolid – Terrascan (Microstation), in the following six classes: high vegetation (over 5 m), medium vegetation (from 1.5 m to 5 m), small vegetation (from 0.2 m to 1.5 m), topographic surface and water surface. Orthophotomosaic was classified in ArcGIS software by supervised Maximum Likelihood Classification (MLC). Here training site signatures identified the five land cover categories (water area, bar surface, vegetation, Large Woody Debris – LWD and bare surface). The classification of photogrammetric derived point clouds increases the accuracy elevation model, but on the other hand, does not capture the real terrain and topography under the vegetation.
{"title":"Využitie UAV technológie pre klasifikáciu a mapovanie krajiny vo fluviálnej geomorfológii","authors":"Miloš Rusnák, Ján Sládek, Anna Kidová","doi":"10.31577/geogrcas.2018.70.2.08","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31577/geogrcas.2018.70.2.08","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this paper is to present the possibilities of UAVs (Unmanned Aerial Vehicles) as photogrammetry payload carriers for data acquisition and fluvial landform identification and mapping. The manual and automatic classification of the Belá River riparian zone for landscape object identification and the analyses of the point cloud density after vegetation filtration was performed. The HEXAKOPTER XL including the Sony NEX 6 camera with 16 – 50 mm lens for landscape monitoring features was used. Data was processed in Agisoft PhotoScan software. The RMSE (root mean square error) of aligned images was 60.121 mm (x coordinate), 43.7584 mm (y coordinate) and 29.46 mm (z coordinate). The resulting point cloud was semiautomatic classified in the software Terrasolid – Terrascan (Microstation), in the following six classes: high vegetation (over 5 m), medium vegetation (from 1.5 m to 5 m), small vegetation (from 0.2 m to 1.5 m), topographic surface and water surface. Orthophotomosaic was classified in ArcGIS software by supervised Maximum Likelihood Classification (MLC). Here training site signatures identified the five land cover categories (water area, bar surface, vegetation, Large Woody Debris – LWD and bare surface). The classification of photogrammetric derived point clouds increases the accuracy elevation model, but on the other hand, does not capture the real terrain and topography under the vegetation.","PeriodicalId":35652,"journal":{"name":"GEOGRAFICKY CASOPIS-Geographical Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2018-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48263287","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-09-28DOI: 10.31577/GEOGRCAS.2018.70.2.09
Zdeněk Opršal, Jaroslav Harmáček
Geographic, environmental and socio - economic determinants of tourism in Small Island Developing States (SIDS) Small Island Developing States (SIDS) represent a heterogeneous group of countries with specific development challenges. One of the common characteristics is a significant tourist potential which is not sufficiently exploited in many SIDS. The paper focuses on the analysis of factors that can influence the number of foreign tourists arriving in SIDS. The statistical significance of potentially relevant factors is exa - mined by regression analysis applied to panel data over 2005 – 2016. The results indicate that the key determinants of tourism demand are destination accessibility, climate (pattern of the weather) and the level of economic development of destinations. Hygienic conditions and tourism infrastructure development are also important factors for tourism inflows. On the contrary, the level of political stability and absence of violence/terrorism play a less statistically significant role in international tourist arri- vals while the level of prices and the rate of intentional homicide do not show any statistical significance. The results also suggest that SIDS should improve transport and tourism infrastructure and that they should increase the hygienic standards to attract more international tourists. However, due to the inherent environmental fragili- ty and cultural uniqueness of many small islands, the SIDS must pay special attention to sustainable tourism development at the same time. The aim of the study is to uncover factors that may influence the number of internatio - nal tourist visits to Small Island Developing States (SIDS). For this purpose, a panel regression analysis over 2005 – 2016 was employed. This methodological approach can be found in the literature on tourism development (Tasci 2007, Cho 2010 and Valek et al. 2014), however not in the context of SIDS. The dependent variable in the analysis is the annual number of tourist arrivals to individual SIDS. The following three groups of factors are used on the side of independent variables: geographical and environmental, economic, social and institutional. The results indicate that the key determinants of tourism demand are destination acces- sibility, climate (pattern of the weather) and the level of economic development of destinations. The hygienic conditions and the level of tourism infrastructure development in SIDS are also important for tourism inflows. On the contrary, the level of political stability and absence of violence/terrorism plays a less statistically significant role in international tou rists arrivals while the level of prices and the rate of intentional homicide do not show any statistical significance. The results suggest that Small Island Developing States can encourage the development of their tourism industries by improving the transport infrastructure to enhance the accessibility of those destinations. They should also invest into the t
小岛屿发展中国家旅游的地理、环境和社会经济决定因素小岛屿发展中国家是一群具有特殊发展挑战的异质国家。其中一个共同特点是，许多小岛屿发展中国家没有充分开发巨大的旅游潜力。本文着重分析了影响小岛屿发展中国家外国游客数量的因素。通过对2005 - 2016年面板数据的回归分析，检验了潜在相关因素的统计显著性。结果表明，旅游需求的关键决定因素是目的地的可达性、气候(天气模式)和目的地的经济发展水平。卫生条件和旅游基础设施发展也是旅游流入的重要因素。相反，政治稳定水平和没有暴力/恐怖主义对国际游客人数的影响在统计上不太显著，而物价水平和故意杀人率则没有显示出任何统计意义。结果还表明，小岛屿发展中国家应改善运输和旅游基础设施，并应提高卫生标准，以吸引更多的国际游客。然而，由于许多小岛屿固有的环境脆弱性和文化独特性，小岛屿发展中国家必须同时特别重视旅游业的可持续发展。这项研究的目的是揭示可能影响到小岛屿发展中国家(SIDS)的国际游客访问量的因素。为此，采用了2005 - 2016年的面板回归分析。这种方法可以在旅游发展的文献中找到(Tasci 2007, Cho 2010和Valek et al. 2014)，但在小岛屿发展中国家的背景下没有。分析中的因变量是每年到各个小岛屿发展中国家旅游的人数。在自变量方面使用了以下三组因素:地理和环境、经济、社会和体制。结果表明，旅游需求的关键决定因素是目的地的可达性、气候(天气模式)和目的地的经济发展水平。小岛屿发展中国家的卫生条件和旅游基础设施发展水平对旅游流入也很重要。相反，政治稳定水平和没有暴力/恐怖主义对国际旅游人数的统计意义不大，而物价水平和故意杀人率没有显示出任何统计意义。结果表明，小岛屿发展中国家可以通过改善运输基础设施来鼓励其旅游业的发展，以提高这些目的地的可达性。他们还应该投资于旅游基础设施建设，提高卫生标准，以吸引更多的国际游客。但是，由于许多小岛屿固有的环境脆弱性和文化独特性，小岛屿发展中国家必须特别注意可持续的旅游业发展。
{"title":"Geografické, environmentální a socioekonomické determinanty cestovního ruchu v malých ostrovních rozvojových státech (SIDS)","authors":"Zdeněk Opršal, Jaroslav Harmáček","doi":"10.31577/GEOGRCAS.2018.70.2.09","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31577/GEOGRCAS.2018.70.2.09","url":null,"abstract":"Geographic, environmental and socio - economic determinants of tourism in Small Island Developing States (SIDS) Small Island Developing States (SIDS) represent a heterogeneous group of countries with specific development challenges. One of the common characteristics is a significant tourist potential which is not sufficiently exploited in many SIDS. The paper focuses on the analysis of factors that can influence the number of foreign tourists arriving in SIDS. The statistical significance of potentially relevant factors is exa - mined by regression analysis applied to panel data over 2005 – 2016. The results indicate that the key determinants of tourism demand are destination accessibility, climate (pattern of the weather) and the level of economic development of destinations. Hygienic conditions and tourism infrastructure development are also important factors for tourism inflows. On the contrary, the level of political stability and absence of violence/terrorism play a less statistically significant role in international tourist arri- vals while the level of prices and the rate of intentional homicide do not show any statistical significance. The results also suggest that SIDS should improve transport and tourism infrastructure and that they should increase the hygienic standards to attract more international tourists. However, due to the inherent environmental fragili- ty and cultural uniqueness of many small islands, the SIDS must pay special attention to sustainable tourism development at the same time. The aim of the study is to uncover factors that may influence the number of internatio - nal tourist visits to Small Island Developing States (SIDS). For this purpose, a panel regression analysis over 2005 – 2016 was employed. This methodological approach can be found in the literature on tourism development (Tasci 2007, Cho 2010 and Valek et al. 2014), however not in the context of SIDS. The dependent variable in the analysis is the annual number of tourist arrivals to individual SIDS. The following three groups of factors are used on the side of independent variables: geographical and environmental, economic, social and institutional. The results indicate that the key determinants of tourism demand are destination acces- sibility, climate (pattern of the weather) and the level of economic development of destinations. The hygienic conditions and the level of tourism infrastructure development in SIDS are also important for tourism inflows. On the contrary, the level of political stability and absence of violence/terrorism plays a less statistically significant role in international tou rists arrivals while the level of prices and the rate of intentional homicide do not show any statistical significance. The results suggest that Small Island Developing States can encourage the development of their tourism industries by improving the transport infrastructure to enhance the accessibility of those destinations. They should also invest into the t","PeriodicalId":35652,"journal":{"name":"GEOGRAFICKY CASOPIS-Geographical Journal","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2018-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70010863","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-09-28DOI: 10.31577/GEOGRCAS.2018.70.1.03
Štefan Rehák, Ivana Dudová
Who stays and who leaves? Migration decision of the graduates from the Žilina University in Žilina Higher education institutions raise the level of human capital in the region, but the contribution of the individual university on regional human capital depends on the migration of its graduates. This article analyses the relationship between the domicile, the location of university studies and location of employment. We examined the factors that influence the decision to stay at the university region after graduation. The analysis was based on data from the questionnaire survey of two cohorts of graduates of the Žilina University in Žilina. Approximately 87% of resident graduates and 21% of non - resident graduates remained in the university region after completing their studies. Using logistic regression, we analysed the factors that influence the migration decision of university graduates. Our research has confirmed the impact of wage le vels on the migration decision. In addition, we also found the importance of gender, the study programme and the form of study on the migration decision. The magnitude of the impact of these factors varies depending on the residence of the graduate when entering university.
{"title":"Kto ostáva a kto odchádza? Migračné rozhodovanie absolventov Žilinskej univerzity v Žiline","authors":"Štefan Rehák, Ivana Dudová","doi":"10.31577/GEOGRCAS.2018.70.1.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31577/GEOGRCAS.2018.70.1.03","url":null,"abstract":"Who stays and who leaves? Migration decision of the graduates from the Žilina University in Žilina Higher education institutions raise the level of human capital in the region, but the contribution of the individual university on regional human capital depends on the migration of its graduates. This article analyses the relationship between the domicile, the location of university studies and location of employment. We examined the factors that influence the decision to stay at the university region after graduation. The analysis was based on data from the questionnaire survey of two cohorts of graduates of the Žilina University in Žilina. Approximately 87% of resident graduates and 21% of non - resident graduates remained in the university region after completing their studies. Using logistic regression, we analysed the factors that influence the migration decision of university graduates. Our research has confirmed the impact of wage le vels on the migration decision. In addition, we also found the importance of gender, the study programme and the form of study on the migration decision. The magnitude of the impact of these factors varies depending on the residence of the graduate when entering university.","PeriodicalId":35652,"journal":{"name":"GEOGRAFICKY CASOPIS-Geographical Journal","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2018-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70010458","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-09-28DOI: 10.31577/GEOGRCAS.2018.70.3.12
Daniel Michniak
The passenger railway transport system in Slovakia, during the last almost thirty years, has undergone many changes and it has faced many problems and new challenges. The change of the socio-economic system, the splitting of Czechoslovakia, the process of accession to the EU and membership of Slovakia have influenced transport system in Slovakia. The main aim of this article is to identify main changes, problems and challenges of passenger railway transport in Slovakia after 1989. Attention is paid to the changing position of railway transport in the transport of persons in Slovakia. Article is also focused on the changes of organisation of railway transport in Slovakia and its deregulation, liberalisation, and starting of competition in passenger railway transport with the example of comparison of the operation of the state and the private carriers. The specific governmental measure, a zero-fare public railway transport services for selected groups of passengers, has significantly influenced a passenger railway transport in Slovakia since 2014.
{"title":"Changes, problems, and challenges of passenger railway transport in Slovakia","authors":"Daniel Michniak","doi":"10.31577/GEOGRCAS.2018.70.3.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31577/GEOGRCAS.2018.70.3.12","url":null,"abstract":"The passenger railway transport system in Slovakia, during the last almost thirty years, has undergone many changes and it has faced many problems and new challenges. The change of the socio-economic system, the splitting of Czechoslovakia, the process of accession to the EU and membership of Slovakia have influenced transport system in Slovakia. The main aim of this article is to identify main changes, problems and challenges of passenger railway transport in Slovakia after 1989. Attention is paid to the changing position of railway transport in the transport of persons in Slovakia. Article is also focused on the changes of organisation of railway transport in Slovakia and its deregulation, liberalisation, and starting of competition in passenger railway transport with the example of comparison of the operation of the state and the private carriers. The specific governmental measure, a zero-fare public railway transport services for selected groups of passengers, has significantly influenced a passenger railway transport in Slovakia since 2014.","PeriodicalId":35652,"journal":{"name":"GEOGRAFICKY CASOPIS-Geographical Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2018-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48218200","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-09-28DOI: 10.31577/geogrcas.2018.70.3.13
Martin Šveda, Róbert Pazúr
The past two decades of suburbanization have left a tremendous footprint on the hin- terland of major Slovak cities. The paper is focusing on this phenomenon from the perspective of spatial morphology – an approach to which Slovak literature has not paid much attention. The objective of this paper is to outline the spatial configuration of residential suburbanization in the hinterland of Bratislava. Through selected exam- ples, the paper uncovers the mechanism of spatial configurations (territorial regula-tions, morphology of the territory, different municipal strategies, distance from Brati- slava, real estate prices, etc.). Understanding the morphogenesis of new settlement structures in urban hinterland plays a key role in identifying the social, economic and environmental impacts of suburbanization. In fact, this is a vast unexplored field that needs further attention in urban studies and urban morphology in particular. The paper focuses on the phenomenon of suburban development from the perspective of spatial morphology – an approach to which Slovak literature has not paid much attention. The objective of this paper is to outline the spatial configuration of residential suburbanization in the hinterland of Bratislava with a specific view on the relation of spatial arrange- ment (pattern) of the housing construction to the key indicators characterizing the extent and intensity of the suburbanization processes (migration rate, migrants’ origin, housing construction, etc.). The paper, set in the field of urban morphology, explores the spatial conditions of suburban development by looking at measures of density, spatial configuration and accessibility. Through selected examples, the paper uncovers the mechanism of spatial configurations (territorial regulations, morphology of the territory, different munici- pal strategies, distance from Bratislava city centre, real estate prices, etc.). The timeframe is characterized by the period 2003 – 2012 and the paper works with the settlement layer from the ZBGIS database (the basic data base for the geographic infor- mation system), aerial photographs as well as from cadastral maps. To reveal the nature of suburban development patterns, we used an indicator of spatial arrangement, which is rep-resented by the measure of spatial autocorrelation – Morans’ Index (Cliff and Ord 1973). A perfectly concentrated arrangement of units would give a value that is close to 1. A ran-domly dispersed arrangement of units would give a Moran’s Index value that is close to 0. We can thus distinguish highly concentrated large - scale development sites from the more dispersed development of individual constructors. In the first step the paper examines the density of housing construction on different scales. On a regional scale the results show that although suburban development represents a dramatic visual transformation of the rural environment, there is no significant increase in the population density. On the local scale
过去二十年的郊区化在斯洛伐克主要城市的腹地留下了巨大的足迹。本文从空间形态的角度来关注这一现象，斯洛伐克文学对此并不太关注。本文的目的是概述布拉迪斯拉发腹地住宅郊区化的空间配置。通过选取的样本，本文揭示了空间配置的机制（领土规则、领土形态、不同的市政策略、与布拉蒂-斯拉瓦的距离、房地产价格等），郊区化对经济和环境的影响。事实上，这是一个尚未探索的广阔领域，需要在城市研究，特别是城市形态学中进一步关注。本文从空间形态的角度关注郊区发展的现象，斯洛伐克文学对此并不太关注。本文的目的是概述布拉迪斯拉发腹地住宅郊区化的空间配置，特别是住房建设的空间安排（模式）与表征郊区化进程的程度和强度的关键指标（移民率、移民来源、住房建设等）的关系本文立足于城市形态领域，从密度、空间配置和可达性等方面探讨了郊区发展的空间条件。通过选择的实例，本文揭示了空间配置的机制（领土法规、领土形态、不同的市政策略、与布拉迪斯拉发市中心的距离、房地产价格等）。时间框架以2003-2012年为特征，本文使用ZBGIS数据库中的沉降层（地理信息系统的基本数据库）、航空照片以及地籍图。为了揭示郊区发展模式的本质，我们使用了一个空间排列指标，该指标由空间自相关指标——莫兰指数（Cliff and Ord 1973）来表示。单元的完全集中排列将给出接近1的值。一个随机分散的单位排列将给出接近0的莫兰指数值。因此，我们可以区分高度集中的大规模开发场地和更分散的个体建设者的开发。在第一步中，本文考察了不同规模的住房建设密度。在区域范围内，研究结果表明，尽管郊区发展代表了农村环境的显著视觉转变，但人口密度没有显著增加。在地方层面上，本文重点关注郊区的发展，郊区主要是一个临时居住区，住房建设相对集中，边界清晰。这种空间集中可以通过空间自相关进行简单识别
{"title":"Priestorové formy rezidenčnej suburbanizácie v zázemí Bratislavy","authors":"Martin Šveda, Róbert Pazúr","doi":"10.31577/geogrcas.2018.70.3.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31577/geogrcas.2018.70.3.13","url":null,"abstract":"The past two decades of suburbanization have left a tremendous footprint on the hin- terland of major Slovak cities. The paper is focusing on this phenomenon from the perspective of spatial morphology – an approach to which Slovak literature has not paid much attention. The objective of this paper is to outline the spatial configuration of residential suburbanization in the hinterland of Bratislava. Through selected exam- ples, the paper uncovers the mechanism of spatial configurations (territorial regula-tions, morphology of the territory, different municipal strategies, distance from Brati- slava, real estate prices, etc.). Understanding the morphogenesis of new settlement structures in urban hinterland plays a key role in identifying the social, economic and environmental impacts of suburbanization. In fact, this is a vast unexplored field that needs further attention in urban studies and urban morphology in particular. The paper focuses on the phenomenon of suburban development from the perspective of spatial morphology – an approach to which Slovak literature has not paid much attention. The objective of this paper is to outline the spatial configuration of residential suburbanization in the hinterland of Bratislava with a specific view on the relation of spatial arrange- ment (pattern) of the housing construction to the key indicators characterizing the extent and intensity of the suburbanization processes (migration rate, migrants’ origin, housing construction, etc.). The paper, set in the field of urban morphology, explores the spatial conditions of suburban development by looking at measures of density, spatial configuration and accessibility. Through selected examples, the paper uncovers the mechanism of spatial configurations (territorial regulations, morphology of the territory, different munici- pal strategies, distance from Bratislava city centre, real estate prices, etc.). The timeframe is characterized by the period 2003 – 2012 and the paper works with the settlement layer from the ZBGIS database (the basic data base for the geographic infor- mation system), aerial photographs as well as from cadastral maps. To reveal the nature of suburban development patterns, we used an indicator of spatial arrangement, which is rep-resented by the measure of spatial autocorrelation – Morans’ Index (Cliff and Ord 1973). A perfectly concentrated arrangement of units would give a value that is close to 1. A ran-domly dispersed arrangement of units would give a Moran’s Index value that is close to 0. We can thus distinguish highly concentrated large - scale development sites from the more dispersed development of individual constructors. In the first step the paper examines the density of housing construction on different scales. On a regional scale the results show that although suburban development represents a dramatic visual transformation of the rural environment, there is no significant increase in the population density. On the local scale ","PeriodicalId":35652,"journal":{"name":"GEOGRAFICKY CASOPIS-Geographical Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2018-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49231513","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-09-28DOI: 10.31577/GEOGRCAS.2018.70.3.15
Rastislav Cákoci, Ladislav Tolmáči
{"title":"Aktuálny obraz Česka ako turistickej destinácie vytvorený vysokoškolskými študentmi – potenciálnymi návštevníkmi zo Slovenska","authors":"Rastislav Cákoci, Ladislav Tolmáči","doi":"10.31577/GEOGRCAS.2018.70.3.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31577/GEOGRCAS.2018.70.3.15","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":35652,"journal":{"name":"GEOGRAFICKY CASOPIS-Geographical Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2018-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48389008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-09-28DOI: 10.31577/GEOGRCAS.2018.70.1.04
Ján Hanušin, Ján Lacika
Selected environmental contexts of changes in the historical landscape with scattered settlement (the example of the village of Hrušov, Veľký Krtíš district) Using the example of the cadastral territory of the Hrušov village, we identified and interpreted changes in the land cover (LC), land diversity (LD) and road network in 1950 and 2010 in relation to the scattered settlement system. The LC and LD chang- es were identified on three spatially different levels: in the whole cadastral area, in the natural landscape units and in 20 circular areas. Landscape diversity was evaluat- ed by using the Shannon diversity index. The scattered settlements system, by its origin and unique functioning in Slovakia, conditioned some anomalies in LC devel- opment which are typical for marginal regions and/or areas with such a type of settlements – delayed, incomplete or no collectivization of agriculture. On the other hand, the retreat and partial extinction of scattered settlements resulted in changes in LC, whose intensity exceeded the values typical in the wider region. the to and on the of such findings, to propose the elimina-tion or mitigation of negative and vice -
{"title":"Vybrané environmentálne súvislosti zmien historickej lazníckej krajiny (na príklade obce Hrušov okres Veľký Krtíš)","authors":"Ján Hanušin, Ján Lacika","doi":"10.31577/GEOGRCAS.2018.70.1.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31577/GEOGRCAS.2018.70.1.04","url":null,"abstract":"Selected environmental contexts of changes in the historical landscape with scattered settlement (the example of the village of Hrušov, Veľký Krtíš district) Using the example of the cadastral territory of the Hrušov village, we identified and interpreted changes in the land cover (LC), land diversity (LD) and road network in 1950 and 2010 in relation to the scattered settlement system. The LC and LD chang- es were identified on three spatially different levels: in the whole cadastral area, in the natural landscape units and in 20 circular areas. Landscape diversity was evaluat- ed by using the Shannon diversity index. The scattered settlements system, by its origin and unique functioning in Slovakia, conditioned some anomalies in LC devel- opment which are typical for marginal regions and/or areas with such a type of settlements – delayed, incomplete or no collectivization of agriculture. On the other hand, the retreat and partial extinction of scattered settlements resulted in changes in LC, whose intensity exceeded the values typical in the wider region. the to and on the of such findings, to propose the elimina-tion or mitigation of negative and vice -","PeriodicalId":35652,"journal":{"name":"GEOGRAFICKY CASOPIS-Geographical Journal","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2018-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70010520","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-09-28DOI: 10.31577/GEOGRCAS.2018.70.3.11
Ladislav Vitovič, J. Minár
The Liptovská kotlina Basin (LKB) belongs to the most neotectonically active intramountain basins of the Western Carpathians (Halouzka 1993). Its last neotectonic subdivision was carried out at the scale ~ 1:200,000 (Halouzka 1993), later included in the Neotectonic map of Slovakia (Maglay et al. 1999). This paper presents a more detailed subdivision and delineation of borders of neotectonic blocks of the LKB on the basis of the set of morphotectonic analyses. The Váh River terraces, thickness of Quaternary deposits, faults and morpholineaments and SL index were employed to more precisely delimitate the neotectonic blocks. A long profile analysis of the river terraces bedrock (inferred from 127 drillings and outcrops) and bedrock surface of the recent floodplain (65 drillings) was carried out to detect neotectonic faults within the fluvial systems. Based on the relative height of the surfaces under a terrace and previous fluvial sediment investigations (e.g. Droppa 1964 and Gross 1979), eleven terrace levels were confirmed. 1,958 boreholes and 1,085 geophysical points were used to identify the spatial distribution of the thickness of the Quaternary fill of the basin. Tectonic faults and morpholineaments were used as borders of particular neotectonic blocks. Suggesting the alternation of neotectonic borders, the LKB was subdivided into 60 neotectonic blocks comparing to 24 blocks of former subdivisions (Maglay et al. 1999). Moreover, a new Quaternary depression filled with glacifluvial deposits was identified (min 50 m of thickness) in close vicinity to Pribylina, which could be added to the depressions list (Maglay et al. 2011a).
liptovsk kotlina盆地(LKB)是西喀尔巴阡山脉新构造活动最活跃的山内盆地(Halouzka 1993)。最后一次新构造细分是1:20万比例尺(Halouzka 1993)，后被纳入斯洛伐克新构造图(Maglay et al. 1999)。本文在形态构造分析的基础上，对LKB的新构造块体边界进行了较为详细的划分和圈定。利用Váh河流阶地、第四纪沉积厚度、断裂和地貌特征以及SL指数对新构造地块进行了更精确的划分。对河流阶地基岩(从127次钻探和露头推断)和近期洪泛区基岩表面(65次钻探)进行了长剖面分析，以探测河流系统内的新构造断层。根据阶地下表面的相对高度和以前的河流沉积物调查(如Droppa 1964年和Gross 1979年)，确定了11个阶地平面。利用1958个钻孔和1085个地球物理点，确定了盆地第四纪充填体厚度的空间分布。构造断裂和地貌面被用作特定新构造块体的边界。与之前的24块新构造分区相比，LKB被细分为60个新构造块，这表明了新构造边界的交替(Maglay et al. 1999)。此外，在Pribylina附近发现了一个新的第四纪冰川沉积凹陷(厚度小于50 m)，可以将其添加到凹陷列表中(Maglay et al. 2011a)。
{"title":"Morphotectonic analysis for improvement of neotectonic subdivision of the Liptovská kotlina Basin (Western Carpathians)","authors":"Ladislav Vitovič, J. Minár","doi":"10.31577/GEOGRCAS.2018.70.3.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31577/GEOGRCAS.2018.70.3.11","url":null,"abstract":"The Liptovská kotlina Basin (LKB) belongs to the most neotectonically active intramountain basins of the Western Carpathians (Halouzka 1993). Its last neotectonic subdivision was carried out at the scale ~ 1:200,000 (Halouzka 1993), later included in the Neotectonic map of Slovakia (Maglay et al. 1999). This paper presents a more detailed subdivision and delineation of borders of neotectonic blocks of the LKB on the basis of the set of morphotectonic analyses. The Váh River terraces, thickness of Quaternary deposits, faults and morpholineaments and SL index were employed to more precisely delimitate the neotectonic blocks. A long profile analysis of the river terraces bedrock (inferred from 127 drillings and outcrops) and bedrock surface of the recent floodplain (65 drillings) was carried out to detect neotectonic faults within the fluvial systems. Based on the relative height of the surfaces under a terrace and previous fluvial sediment investigations (e.g. Droppa 1964 and Gross 1979), eleven terrace levels were confirmed. 1,958 boreholes and 1,085 geophysical points were used to identify the spatial distribution of the thickness of the Quaternary fill of the basin. Tectonic faults and morpholineaments were used as borders of particular neotectonic blocks. Suggesting the alternation of neotectonic borders, the LKB was subdivided into 60 neotectonic blocks comparing to 24 blocks of former subdivisions (Maglay et al. 1999). Moreover, a new Quaternary depression filled with glacifluvial deposits was identified (min 50 m of thickness) in close vicinity to Pribylina, which could be added to the depressions list (Maglay et al. 2011a).","PeriodicalId":35652,"journal":{"name":"GEOGRAFICKY CASOPIS-Geographical Journal","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2018-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70010919","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-09-28DOI: 10.31577/GEOGRCAS.2018.70.3.14
Norbert Polčák, Jakub Mészáros
The effect of relief on the distribution of atmospheric precipitation in Slovakia in the southern cyclonic situations This article is focused on identifying windward and leeward places in the territory of Slovakia during southern cyclonic situations. These places arise due to relief that affects the distribution of precipitation by altitude and orientation to southern flow. Southern flows are an important source of moisture for southern Slovakia. Based on precipitation sums of all the rainfall gauges during the days with the southern cyclonic situations the precipitation fields were interpolated for the period 1991 - 2017. Using the created windward index, windward and leeward places on precipitation fields were mapped out. Based on the map outputs, the effect of the relief was analyzed on the wettest and driest places. It was found out that the most rainfall falls in the moun- tains in the southern part of central Slovakia. The results were compared with the predictions ALADIN and the ECMWF models and the precipitation field from the selected synoptic situation. The achieved results have been confirmed. Research results have practical uses in several areas, particularly in meteorology, hydrology and agriculture. cyclonic situations. It has been found that, in general, during southern cyclonic situa- tions there are strongly windward places such as in the Tatry mountains, Nízke Tatry mountains and Kremnické vrchy mountains. Strongly leeward places are in all Slovakian lowlands, the northwestern part of Slovakia, the Oravská kotlina basin and the Podtatranská kotlina basin in northern Slovakia. The results were compared with prediction models and real measured data. Comparing the results achieved by our methodology with the results of the predictive models ALADIN, ECMWF and the rainfall totals that fell during the south- eastern cyclonic situation SEc from October 15 to October 19, 2015 it was confirmed that windward and leeward places are similar. The results could be used in practice for meteorologists, hydrologists or farmers. By using the map, meteorologists can more accurately determine locations for which a warning will be issued before high rainfall in the expected south cyclone situation. Hydrologists can more accurately locate river basins that are at risk of rising water levels or floods, and expect an increase in snow cover in the winter season. The south of our country is an important agricultural area, and the water in this part of Slovakia is dependent on the precipitation that fell during the southern cyclonic situations. is why topic future.
{"title":"Vplyv reliéfu na rozloženie atmosferických zrážok na Slovensku pri južných cyklonálnych situáciách","authors":"Norbert Polčák, Jakub Mészáros","doi":"10.31577/GEOGRCAS.2018.70.3.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31577/GEOGRCAS.2018.70.3.14","url":null,"abstract":"The effect of relief on the distribution of atmospheric precipitation in Slovakia in the southern cyclonic situations This article is focused on identifying windward and leeward places in the territory of Slovakia during southern cyclonic situations. These places arise due to relief that affects the distribution of precipitation by altitude and orientation to southern flow. Southern flows are an important source of moisture for southern Slovakia. Based on precipitation sums of all the rainfall gauges during the days with the southern cyclonic situations the precipitation fields were interpolated for the period 1991 - 2017. Using the created windward index, windward and leeward places on precipitation fields were mapped out. Based on the map outputs, the effect of the relief was analyzed on the wettest and driest places. It was found out that the most rainfall falls in the moun- tains in the southern part of central Slovakia. The results were compared with the predictions ALADIN and the ECMWF models and the precipitation field from the selected synoptic situation. The achieved results have been confirmed. Research results have practical uses in several areas, particularly in meteorology, hydrology and agriculture. cyclonic situations. It has been found that, in general, during southern cyclonic situa- tions there are strongly windward places such as in the Tatry mountains, Nízke Tatry mountains and Kremnické vrchy mountains. Strongly leeward places are in all Slovakian lowlands, the northwestern part of Slovakia, the Oravská kotlina basin and the Podtatranská kotlina basin in northern Slovakia. The results were compared with prediction models and real measured data. Comparing the results achieved by our methodology with the results of the predictive models ALADIN, ECMWF and the rainfall totals that fell during the south- eastern cyclonic situation SEc from October 15 to October 19, 2015 it was confirmed that windward and leeward places are similar. The results could be used in practice for meteorologists, hydrologists or farmers. By using the map, meteorologists can more accurately determine locations for which a warning will be issued before high rainfall in the expected south cyclone situation. Hydrologists can more accurately locate river basins that are at risk of rising water levels or floods, and expect an increase in snow cover in the winter season. The south of our country is an important agricultural area, and the water in this part of Slovakia is dependent on the precipitation that fell during the southern cyclonic situations. is why topic future.","PeriodicalId":35652,"journal":{"name":"GEOGRAFICKY CASOPIS-Geographical Journal","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2018-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70010973","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：