HEADFORM IMPACTS AT 5.5-7.7 MPH USING THE 22 LB AIR- STABILIZED MISSILE WERE RUN ON GLASS PANELS THAT DID NOT FRACTURE TO MEASURE DECELERATION PULSES AND OBTAIN SEVERITY INDEX (SI) VALUES. THESE TESTS SHOW LOW SI VALUES FOR THIS RANGE OF IMPACT VELOCITIES. DUMMY- WINDSHIELD TESTS WERE RUN AT SPEEDS OF 8.7-21.9 MPH TO MEASURE SI AND LACERATION. IN ALL CASES, LACERATION IS LOW AND SI VALUES DO NOT INDICATE CONCUSSIVE HAZARD BELOW APPROXIMATELY 15 MPH IMPACT VELOCITY, EVEN WHEN THE GLASS DOES NOT FRACTURE. THESE DATA ARE OF PARTICULAR INTEREST FOR THOSE ACCIDENT SITUATIONS BELOW THE PROBABLE VELOCITY FOR DEPLOYMENT OF A PASSIVE RESTRAINT SUCH AS THE AIR BAG. THE CURRENTLY USED HPR INTERLAYER FOR AUTOMOTIVE WINDSHIELDS SHOWS EXCELLENT SAFETY PERFORMANCE AT ROOM TEMPERATURE BUT IS LESS EFFECTIVE AT OTHER TEMPERATURES. IMPACT STUDIES OF SEVERAL GLASS STRUCTURES AT 30-110 F ARE PRESENTED FOR 0.03 AND 0.037 IN THICKNESS HPR NTERLAYERS. A SIMULATED DASHBOARD IS INCLUDED IN TEN DUMMY-WINDSHIELD IMPACT TESTS. EXTENSIVE HPR INTERLAYER RUPTURE OCCURS AT 30 AND 110 F, PRODUCING GREATER LACERATION HAZARD. /SAE/
{"title":"LOW VELOCITY IMPACTS AND TEMPERATURE SENSITIVITY OF AUTOMOTIVE WINDSHIELDS","authors":"R. Rieser, J. Chabal, C. W. Lewis","doi":"10.4271/710869","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4271/710869","url":null,"abstract":"HEADFORM IMPACTS AT 5.5-7.7 MPH USING THE 22 LB AIR- STABILIZED MISSILE WERE RUN ON GLASS PANELS THAT DID NOT FRACTURE TO MEASURE DECELERATION PULSES AND OBTAIN SEVERITY INDEX (SI) VALUES. THESE TESTS SHOW LOW SI VALUES FOR THIS RANGE OF IMPACT VELOCITIES. DUMMY- WINDSHIELD TESTS WERE RUN AT SPEEDS OF 8.7-21.9 MPH TO MEASURE SI AND LACERATION. IN ALL CASES, LACERATION IS LOW AND SI VALUES DO NOT INDICATE CONCUSSIVE HAZARD BELOW APPROXIMATELY 15 MPH IMPACT VELOCITY, EVEN WHEN THE GLASS DOES NOT FRACTURE. THESE DATA ARE OF PARTICULAR INTEREST FOR THOSE ACCIDENT SITUATIONS BELOW THE PROBABLE VELOCITY FOR DEPLOYMENT OF A PASSIVE RESTRAINT SUCH AS THE AIR BAG. THE CURRENTLY USED HPR INTERLAYER FOR AUTOMOTIVE WINDSHIELDS SHOWS EXCELLENT SAFETY PERFORMANCE AT ROOM TEMPERATURE BUT IS LESS EFFECTIVE AT OTHER TEMPERATURES. IMPACT STUDIES OF SEVERAL GLASS STRUCTURES AT 30-110 F ARE PRESENTED FOR 0.03 AND 0.037 IN THICKNESS HPR NTERLAYERS. A SIMULATED DASHBOARD IS INCLUDED IN TEN DUMMY-WINDSHIELD IMPACT TESTS. EXTENSIVE HPR INTERLAYER RUPTURE OCCURS AT 30 AND 110 F, PRODUCING GREATER LACERATION HAZARD. /SAE/","PeriodicalId":35781,"journal":{"name":"Qiche Gongcheng/Automotive Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1971-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88654968","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
THIS STUDY WAS UNDERTAKEN TO DETERMINE TO WHAT EXTENT THE PASSENGER CAR EYE ELLIPSES HAVE APPLLICABILITY IN VAN-TYPE TRUCK PACKAGE DESIGN AND TO PRODUCE A NEW PRACTICAL DESIGN TOOL, IF NECESSARY. EYE POSITIONS OF VAN DRIVERS WERE FOUND TO BE DISTRIBUTED DIFFERENTLY FROM THOSE FOR PASSENGER CAR DRIVERS AND FROM THOSE OBTAINED BY THE PROCEDURE OUTLINED IN SAE J941B, MOTOR VEHICLE DRIVER'S EYE RANGE. THERE WERE PRODUCED IN THIS STUDY, TABLES OF PARAMETER VALUES THAT A VANPACKAGE DESIGNER CAN USE READILY TO POSITION EYE-LOCATION DISTRIBUTIONS IN SPACE AS A FUNCTION OF THE AZIMUTH AND ELEVATION ANGLES OF MANY TARGETS IN THE FORWARD FIELD OF VIEW. /AUTHOR/
{"title":"DEVELOPMENT OF VAN DRIVER EYE ELLIPSES","authors":"J. Hromi, J. Versace, C. Smith","doi":"10.4271/710541","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4271/710541","url":null,"abstract":"THIS STUDY WAS UNDERTAKEN TO DETERMINE TO WHAT EXTENT THE PASSENGER CAR EYE ELLIPSES HAVE APPLLICABILITY IN VAN-TYPE TRUCK PACKAGE DESIGN AND TO PRODUCE A NEW PRACTICAL DESIGN TOOL, IF NECESSARY. EYE POSITIONS OF VAN DRIVERS WERE FOUND TO BE DISTRIBUTED DIFFERENTLY FROM THOSE FOR PASSENGER CAR DRIVERS AND FROM THOSE OBTAINED BY THE PROCEDURE OUTLINED IN SAE J941B, MOTOR VEHICLE DRIVER'S EYE RANGE. THERE WERE PRODUCED IN THIS STUDY, TABLES OF PARAMETER VALUES THAT A VANPACKAGE DESIGNER CAN USE READILY TO POSITION EYE-LOCATION DISTRIBUTIONS IN SPACE AS A FUNCTION OF THE AZIMUTH AND ELEVATION ANGLES OF MANY TARGETS IN THE FORWARD FIELD OF VIEW. /AUTHOR/","PeriodicalId":35781,"journal":{"name":"Qiche Gongcheng/Automotive Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1971-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88325000","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
DRIVERS CARRIED OUT A LANE-CHANGING AND PASSING MANEUVER USING CONVEX AND PLANE EXTERIOR MIRRORS ALONE OR IN COMBINATION WITH A PLANE INTERIOR MIRROR. THE DATA SHOWED THAT THE ADDITION OF THE PLANE INTERIOR MIRROR COMPENSATED FOR JUDGMENTAL ERRORS FOUND WHEN CONVEX MIRRORS WERE USED ALONE. WHEN THE SPEED DIFFERENCE WAS 15 MPH BETWEEN THE OVERTAKING CAR AND THE SUBJECT'S CAR, SUBJECTS ACCEPTED GAPS THAT WERE TOO SPORT IRRESPECTIVE OF THE EXTERIOR MIRROR TYPE. THE DATA SUGGESTED THAT EXTERIOR CONVEX MIRRORS OF RADII GREATER THAN 30 INCHES MAY BE USED REASONABLY SAFETY BY DRIVERS AND WOULD HAVE THE ADVANTAGE OF PROVIDING A CONSIDERABLY INCREASED FIELD-OF-VIEW COMPARED TO CURRENTLY USED EXTERIOR MIRRORS. /AUTHOR/
{"title":"The Effects of Convex Exterior Mirrors on Lane-Changing and Passing Performance of Drivers","authors":"R. Mortimer","doi":"10.4271/710543","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4271/710543","url":null,"abstract":"DRIVERS CARRIED OUT A LANE-CHANGING AND PASSING MANEUVER USING CONVEX AND PLANE EXTERIOR MIRRORS ALONE OR IN COMBINATION WITH A PLANE INTERIOR MIRROR. THE DATA SHOWED THAT THE ADDITION OF THE PLANE INTERIOR MIRROR COMPENSATED FOR JUDGMENTAL ERRORS FOUND WHEN CONVEX MIRRORS WERE USED ALONE. WHEN THE SPEED DIFFERENCE WAS 15 MPH BETWEEN THE OVERTAKING CAR AND THE SUBJECT'S CAR, SUBJECTS ACCEPTED GAPS THAT WERE TOO SPORT IRRESPECTIVE OF THE EXTERIOR MIRROR TYPE. THE DATA SUGGESTED THAT EXTERIOR CONVEX MIRRORS OF RADII GREATER THAN 30 INCHES MAY BE USED REASONABLY SAFETY BY DRIVERS AND WOULD HAVE THE ADVANTAGE OF PROVIDING A CONSIDERABLY INCREASED FIELD-OF-VIEW COMPARED TO CURRENTLY USED EXTERIOR MIRRORS. /AUTHOR/","PeriodicalId":35781,"journal":{"name":"Qiche Gongcheng/Automotive Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1971-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81188943","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
THERE HAS BEEN A LACK OF INFORMATION ON IMAGE BRIGHTNESS IN AUTOMOTIVE REAR VISION SYSTEMS AS RELATED TO THE DRIVER'S NEEDS. THIS PAPER PRESENTS DATA ON DRIVER EVALUATION OF BRIGHTNESS, IN THE FORM OF VISIBILITY AND GLARE RATINGS OF REAR VIEW MIRROR REFLECTANCE LEVELS, BASED UPON ACTUAL DRIVING EXPERIENCES. THE EFFECTS OF ROADWAY TYPES AND VARIOUS AMBIENT LIGHTING CONDITIONS ARE DISCUSSED, AND RANGES OF ACCEPTABLE REFLECTANCE LEVELS ARE RECOMMENDED. THIS STUDY WAS A TASK GROUP EFFORT PERFORMED BY THE SAE REAR VISION SUBCOMMITTEE. /AE/
{"title":"DRIVER EVALUATION STUDY OF REAR VIEW MIRROR REFLECTANCE LEVELS","authors":"T. M. Mansour","doi":"10.4271/710542","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4271/710542","url":null,"abstract":"THERE HAS BEEN A LACK OF INFORMATION ON IMAGE BRIGHTNESS IN AUTOMOTIVE REAR VISION SYSTEMS AS RELATED TO THE DRIVER'S NEEDS. THIS PAPER PRESENTS DATA ON DRIVER EVALUATION OF BRIGHTNESS, IN THE FORM OF VISIBILITY AND GLARE RATINGS OF REAR VIEW MIRROR REFLECTANCE LEVELS, BASED UPON ACTUAL DRIVING EXPERIENCES. THE EFFECTS OF ROADWAY TYPES AND VARIOUS AMBIENT LIGHTING CONDITIONS ARE DISCUSSED, AND RANGES OF ACCEPTABLE REFLECTANCE LEVELS ARE RECOMMENDED. THIS STUDY WAS A TASK GROUP EFFORT PERFORMED BY THE SAE REAR VISION SUBCOMMITTEE. /AE/","PeriodicalId":35781,"journal":{"name":"Qiche Gongcheng/Automotive Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1971-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91005895","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
BULK TRANSPORTATION OF LIQUIDS IS UNIQUE IN THAT DYNAMIC ACTION OF THE LIQUID WHILE THE VEHICLE IS IN MOTION AFFECTS ITS ROADABILITY. SEVERAL PARAMETERS OF THE DESIGN INFLUENCE THE EFFECT OF THIS ACTION, AS DOCUMENTED BY ROAD TESTS AND A THEORETICAL ANALYSIS. MANY LIQUIDS ARE HAZARDOUS, REQUIRING ATTENTION TO VARIOUS TYPES OF ACCESSORY EQUIPMENT TO COMPLY WITH VARIOUS GOVERNMENT REGULATIONS. THE RESUTLING HIGHWAY TANKER IS A RELATIVELY COMPLEX WELDED STRUCTURE OF LOW ALLOY STEEL, ALUMINUM OR STAINLESS STEEL. /AE/
{"title":"Safe Highway Transportation of Bulk Liquids","authors":"L. A. Botkin","doi":"10.4271/700872","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4271/700872","url":null,"abstract":"BULK TRANSPORTATION OF LIQUIDS IS UNIQUE IN THAT DYNAMIC ACTION OF THE LIQUID WHILE THE VEHICLE IS IN MOTION AFFECTS ITS ROADABILITY. SEVERAL PARAMETERS OF THE DESIGN INFLUENCE THE EFFECT OF THIS ACTION, AS DOCUMENTED BY ROAD TESTS AND A THEORETICAL ANALYSIS. MANY LIQUIDS ARE HAZARDOUS, REQUIRING ATTENTION TO VARIOUS TYPES OF ACCESSORY EQUIPMENT TO COMPLY WITH VARIOUS GOVERNMENT REGULATIONS. THE RESUTLING HIGHWAY TANKER IS A RELATIVELY COMPLEX WELDED STRUCTURE OF LOW ALLOY STEEL, ALUMINUM OR STAINLESS STEEL. /AE/","PeriodicalId":35781,"journal":{"name":"Qiche Gongcheng/Automotive Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1970-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76958895","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
CHRYSLER CORPORATION HAS INTRODUCED TWO NEW FEATURES ON THEIR 1970 STEERING COLUMNS: AN ENERGY ABSORBING STEERING WHEEL WHICH APPEARS ON THE BARRACUDA AND CHALLENGER MODELS; AND AN ANTITHEFT STEERING COLUMN WHICH IS STANDARD ON ALL CAR LINES. THIS PAPER DESCRIBES THE TWO ENGINEERING PROGRAMS. /SAE/
{"title":"Chrysler Energy Absorbing, Anti-Theft Steering Column","authors":"D. Adams, R. S. Cassle","doi":"10.4271/700001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4271/700001","url":null,"abstract":"CHRYSLER CORPORATION HAS INTRODUCED TWO NEW FEATURES ON THEIR 1970 STEERING COLUMNS: AN ENERGY ABSORBING STEERING WHEEL WHICH APPEARS ON THE BARRACUDA AND CHALLENGER MODELS; AND AN ANTITHEFT STEERING COLUMN WHICH IS STANDARD ON ALL CAR LINES. THIS PAPER DESCRIBES THE TWO ENGINEERING PROGRAMS. /SAE/","PeriodicalId":35781,"journal":{"name":"Qiche Gongcheng/Automotive Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1970-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74414736","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
THE 1969 GENERAL MOTORS STEERING COLUMN INVOLVES A NEW SYSTEM FOR ABSORBING ENERGY FROM THE BODY OF THE DRIVER IN EVENT OF A FRONTAL COLLISION. THIS STEERING COLUMN ALSO CONTAINS A LOCKING SYSTEM WHICH PERMITS THE LOCKING OF STEERING SHAFT AND GEAR SHIFT AS WELL AS THE IGNITION SWITCH. A COMPARISON OF THE 1969 BALL TYPE ENERGY ABSORBER WITH THE 1967 MESH TYPE ABSORBER SHOWS GAINS IN RIGIDITY, CONSISTENCY OF LOAD, AND EASE OF CHANGING DESIGN LOAD. THE DISCUSSION OF THE LOCKING SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT FOR VARIOUS TYPES OF STEERING COLUMNS INCLUDES A DESCRIPTION OF THE INHIBITING SYSTEM. /SAE/
{"title":"Second Generation Energy Absorbing Column with Locking Feature","authors":"D. P. Marquis","doi":"10.4271/700002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4271/700002","url":null,"abstract":"THE 1969 GENERAL MOTORS STEERING COLUMN INVOLVES A NEW SYSTEM FOR ABSORBING ENERGY FROM THE BODY OF THE DRIVER IN EVENT OF A FRONTAL COLLISION. THIS STEERING COLUMN ALSO CONTAINS A LOCKING SYSTEM WHICH PERMITS THE LOCKING OF STEERING SHAFT AND GEAR SHIFT AS WELL AS THE IGNITION SWITCH. A COMPARISON OF THE 1969 BALL TYPE ENERGY ABSORBER WITH THE 1967 MESH TYPE ABSORBER SHOWS GAINS IN RIGIDITY, CONSISTENCY OF LOAD, AND EASE OF CHANGING DESIGN LOAD. THE DISCUSSION OF THE LOCKING SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT FOR VARIOUS TYPES OF STEERING COLUMNS INCLUDES A DESCRIPTION OF THE INHIBITING SYSTEM. /SAE/","PeriodicalId":35781,"journal":{"name":"Qiche Gongcheng/Automotive Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1970-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4271/700002","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72538825","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
AN EXPERIMENT TO DEVELOP COMPUTER METHODOLOGY FOR IMPROVING TRAFFIC FLOW THROUGH LINCOLN TUNNEL IS DESCRIBED. SOME REMARKS ARE GIVEN ON THE POTENTIAL SPINOFFS FROM THIS EXPERIMENT WHICH MAY INFLUENCE THE DEVELOPMENT OF OTHER TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS. RESULTS SHOWED A MEASURABLE INCREASE IN THROUGHPUT, HIGHER SPEEDS WITH LOWER DENSITIES DURING THE CONTROL PERIOD. IT WAS CONCLUDED THAT HIGH FLOWS COULD BE MAINTAINED AT MODERATELY HIGH SPEED IF DENSITIES DID NOT REACH CONGESTION LEVELS. THE EXPERIMENT HAD BENEFITS IN PROVIDING ACCURATE TRAFFIC DATA, CALIBRATION AND CORRECTION OF MAGNETIC LOOP DETECTORS. /HSL/
{"title":"Lincoln Tunnel Traffic Control Experiment","authors":"D. Gazis, B. T. Bennett","doi":"10.4271/700192","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4271/700192","url":null,"abstract":"AN EXPERIMENT TO DEVELOP COMPUTER METHODOLOGY FOR IMPROVING TRAFFIC FLOW THROUGH LINCOLN TUNNEL IS DESCRIBED. SOME REMARKS ARE GIVEN ON THE POTENTIAL SPINOFFS FROM THIS EXPERIMENT WHICH MAY INFLUENCE THE DEVELOPMENT OF OTHER TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS. RESULTS SHOWED A MEASURABLE INCREASE IN THROUGHPUT, HIGHER SPEEDS WITH LOWER DENSITIES DURING THE CONTROL PERIOD. IT WAS CONCLUDED THAT HIGH FLOWS COULD BE MAINTAINED AT MODERATELY HIGH SPEED IF DENSITIES DID NOT REACH CONGESTION LEVELS. THE EXPERIMENT HAD BENEFITS IN PROVIDING ACCURATE TRAFFIC DATA, CALIBRATION AND CORRECTION OF MAGNETIC LOOP DETECTORS. /HSL/","PeriodicalId":35781,"journal":{"name":"Qiche Gongcheng/Automotive Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1970-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81804552","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
THIS PAPER DISCUSSES THE BRAKE PERFORMANCE OF AIR-BRAKED TRUCKS AND COMBINATION VEHICLE RELATIVE TO DECELERATION AND STABILITY. THE AVAILABLE MEANS FOR IMPROVING THE PERFORMANCE ARE COVERED, INCLUDING RECOMMENDATIONS BASED ON MAXIMUM COST EFFECTIVENESS. METHODS DISCUSSED ARE THE USE OF LOAD-SENSITIVE PROPORTIONING VALVES AND SKID CONTROL, WITH THE STUDY OF TRACTOR INSTALLATIONS AS A PRELUDE TO MORE WIDESPREAD USAGE OF EITHER DEVICE. RELATED AREAS OF INTEREST ARE ALSO CONSIDERED, SUCH AS THE VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS THAT MAY BE REQUIRED TO PERMIT THE USE OF THESE BRAKE CONTROLS, THE BENEFITS OF TRACTOR INSTALLATIONS ON INTERCHANGE VEHICLES, AND THE RELATIVE MERITS OF LOAD-SENSITIVE PROPORTIONING VALVES AND SKID CONTROL WHEN SO APPLIED. /SAE/
{"title":"MAKE THE TRUCKS STOP, TOO","authors":"Michael J. Denholm, F. E. Lueck, John W. Bush","doi":"10.4271/700114","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4271/700114","url":null,"abstract":"THIS PAPER DISCUSSES THE BRAKE PERFORMANCE OF AIR-BRAKED TRUCKS AND COMBINATION VEHICLE RELATIVE TO DECELERATION AND STABILITY. THE AVAILABLE MEANS FOR IMPROVING THE PERFORMANCE ARE COVERED, INCLUDING RECOMMENDATIONS BASED ON MAXIMUM COST EFFECTIVENESS. METHODS DISCUSSED ARE THE USE OF LOAD-SENSITIVE PROPORTIONING VALVES AND SKID CONTROL, WITH THE STUDY OF TRACTOR INSTALLATIONS AS A PRELUDE TO MORE WIDESPREAD USAGE OF EITHER DEVICE. RELATED AREAS OF INTEREST ARE ALSO CONSIDERED, SUCH AS THE VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS THAT MAY BE REQUIRED TO PERMIT THE USE OF THESE BRAKE CONTROLS, THE BENEFITS OF TRACTOR INSTALLATIONS ON INTERCHANGE VEHICLES, AND THE RELATIVE MERITS OF LOAD-SENSITIVE PROPORTIONING VALVES AND SKID CONTROL WHEN SO APPLIED. /SAE/","PeriodicalId":35781,"journal":{"name":"Qiche Gongcheng/Automotive Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1970-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82877539","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
SURVEYS CONDUCTED BY DU PONT REVEAL THE MOTIVATIONAL FACTORS INVOLVED IN SEAL BELT USAGE. RESULTS OF QUESTIONS PUT TO DU PONT EMPLOYEES AND OTHERS REVEAL THAT PRESSURE GENERATED WITHIN SMALL GROUPS, FOR EXAMPLE, FELLOW WORKERS, IS NEEDED TO MAKE SEAT BELT USAGE PSYCHOLOGICALLY ACCEPTABLE. THEREFORE, PROMOTIONAL AND EDUCATION CAMPAIGNS DIRECTED TOWARD THE INDIVIDUAL AS A MEMBER OF A LARGE GROUP (HIS COMMUNITY) ARE NOT EFFECTIVE. OVERALL SEAT USAGE LEVELS WILL BE INCREASED ONLY BY THE PIECEMEAL METHOD OF REACHING ONE SMALL GROUP AND THEN ANOTHER, UNTIL ALL DRIVERS ARE TOUCHED. /SAE/
{"title":"Seat Belt Users: An Analysis of Who They Are and Why","authors":"R. H. Dobson","doi":"10.4271/700451","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4271/700451","url":null,"abstract":"SURVEYS CONDUCTED BY DU PONT REVEAL THE MOTIVATIONAL FACTORS INVOLVED IN SEAL BELT USAGE. RESULTS OF QUESTIONS PUT TO DU PONT EMPLOYEES AND OTHERS REVEAL THAT PRESSURE GENERATED WITHIN SMALL GROUPS, FOR EXAMPLE, FELLOW WORKERS, IS NEEDED TO MAKE SEAT BELT USAGE PSYCHOLOGICALLY ACCEPTABLE. THEREFORE, PROMOTIONAL AND EDUCATION CAMPAIGNS DIRECTED TOWARD THE INDIVIDUAL AS A MEMBER OF A LARGE GROUP (HIS COMMUNITY) ARE NOT EFFECTIVE. OVERALL SEAT USAGE LEVELS WILL BE INCREASED ONLY BY THE PIECEMEAL METHOD OF REACHING ONE SMALL GROUP AND THEN ANOTHER, UNTIL ALL DRIVERS ARE TOUCHED. /SAE/","PeriodicalId":35781,"journal":{"name":"Qiche Gongcheng/Automotive Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1970-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78176210","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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