Problemy sotsial''noi gigieny i istoriia meditsiny / NII sotsial''noi gigieny, ekonomiki i upravleniia zdravookhraneniem im. N.A. Semashko RAMN, AO ''Assotsiatsiia ''Meditsinskaia literatura''最新文献

Introduction: The study aims to study the attitude of students to a healthy lifestyle (HLS), identify key motivators, barriers and factors influencing their behavior. Based on an anonymous survey of 93.7% of respondents, the authors analyzed their eating habits, physical activity, daily routine, as well as the role of academic workload and availability of medical services. The results demonstrate a significant gap between the awareness of the importance of a healthy lifestyle and its practical implementation. Recommendations and suggestions for the formation of a healthy lifestyle at the university to maintain and improve the health of students are offered. The objective of the study: to assess the healthy lifestyle (HLS) among medical students and to develop recommendations for their optimization using the example of the Dagestan State Medical University (DSMU).

The demand for rehabilitation services in the field of modern aesthetic medicine and dermatology is characterized by an active growth. Global trends indicate a significant increase in the number of procedures aimed at correcting appearance, with minimally invasive methods and surgical interventions such as rhinoplasty, liposuction and injection technologies becoming particularly popular. The prospects for the development of rehabilitation services in the field of modern aesthetic medicine and dermatology are associated with the integration of interdisciplinary approaches, including psychological support, rehabilitation techniques and ethical principles of interaction with patients. An important direction is also the adaptation of world experience to the conditions of countries with different income levels, where access to high-tech procedures remains limited. Increasing patient awareness will ensure a balance between aesthetic demands and maintaining physical and mental health, which will ultimately contribute to the sustainable development of the industry and improve the quality of life for patients.

The article examines the phenomenon of longevity through the prism of philosophical anthropology, with an emphasis on the existential, phenomenological and ethical aspects of aging. The author analyzes old age not as a biological decline, but as a special stage of human existence, saturated with meaning, reflection and inner completeness. Old age is interpreted as a space of symbolic assembly of biography, cultural transmission and development of gerontological subjectivity. The article substantiates the need to revise utilitarian ideas about old age and to recognize its ontological and anthropological significance.

The article presents an analysis of modern approaches to the training of nutrition specialists, which identifies two interrelated trends: the constant tightening of educational requirements and gradual professionalization. Using the example of foreign countries, the fundamental difference between clinical nutritionists working directly in medicine and nutritionists whose activities cover a wider range of practices is shown. At the same time, it is noted that the integration of nutrition specialists into comprehensive medical care programs is of particular importance. Their participation in the prevention and treatment of alimentary dependent diseases demonstrates particular effectiveness when dealing with metabolic disorders and chronic forms of diseases. However, the continuing differences in training standards, especially in the field of nutrition, indicate the need for further unification of professional requirements. Further development of nutrition specialist training should be based on the principles of scientific validity and standardization of professional competencies.

The article presents analysis of National Federal and Regional legislation regarding social support of parents bringing up disabled children as exemplified by Moscow and Moscow Oblast. It is concluded that despite active legislative activity of the state concerning amelioration of quality of life and income levels of families bringing up disabled children. Consequently, there is certain positive dynamics trend. However, caring from the state and society is not yet at higher level due to both negative nature of various economic processes and tense foreign-policy situation that does not allow state and regional authorities to fully focus on acceptable legislative support of families bringing up disabled child.

The objective of the study is to assess degree of alcoholization in national regions in dynamics. The study provided analysis of efficiency of measures targeted to decrease alcohol consumption by population in the constituent entities of the Russian Federation based on dynamics of changes of integral indicator of The National Rating of Sobriety of the Subjects of the Russian Federation in 20162023.The analysis of dynamics of integral indicator was carried out on the basis of data presented in the reports of like name for 20162023.In 20162023, in 41 out of 85 Regions of the Russian Federation, decreasing of the integral indicator was established, while in 44 regions increasing of the integral indicator was detected. The three regions with the most significant increase of the integral indicator included the Republic of Ingushetia (increase in 2023 as compared to 2016 was 23.5% with average annual growth rate of 3.4%), the Altai Republic (increase of 20.6% and an average annual growth rate of 2.9%) and the Leningrad Oblast (increase of 19.5% and average annual growth rate of 2.7%). The regions with the largest decrease of the integrated indicator included the Lipetsk Oblast (decrease in 2023 as compared to 2016 was 20.9% with average annual decrease rate of 2.3%), the Tyumen Oblast (decrease 26.8% with an average annual decrease rate of 2.9%). The largest decrease of the indicator in 2023 as compared to 2016 was detected in the Krasnodar Krai 36.8%, with average annual decrease of 3.8%. The Subjects of the Russian Federation, depending on value of level of increase of the integrated indicator in 2023 as compared to 2016, are divided into four clusters. The first cluster included 23 regions with significant dynamics of the integral indicator decrease (from -36.8% up to -5.0%), the second cluster included 18 regions with insignificant dynamics of the integral indicator decrease (from -4.9% up to 0%), the third cluster included 19 regions with insignificant dynamics of the integral indicator increase (from 0% up to 4.9%) and the fourth cluster included 25 regions with significant dynamics of the integral indicator increase (from 5.0% up to 23.5%).Despite the successful anti-alcohol policy in the Russian Federation, some regions require systemic measures targeted to change patterns of alcohol consumption by population, with a preliminary analysis of factors determining the identified patterns. The presented data indicates that the regions have real potential to improve effectiveness of measures taken by the Subjects to decrease alcohol consumption as component of decreasing alcoholization of population.

The corporate financing of programs of health preservation, physical training and sport acquires strategical significance in conditions of modern business. The investments in health of employees not only contribute into improvement of their well-being, but directly impact efficiency and competitiveness of companies. The article analyzes mechanisms of corporate financing of health preservation programs, their impact on business performance. Also statistical data and examples of successful practices are considered.

In conditions of global digitization of health care, characterized by widespread implementation of information technologies into medical practice, the problem of prognostication of need for qualified IT specialists capable to ensure effective functioning and development of digital infrastructure of health care becomes especially relevant. The article considers modern trends in health care development, emphasizing increased role of IT specialists in providing high-quality and efficient medical care, and also analyzes main areas of activity of IT specialists in health care. The analysis demonstrated that, despite active development of digital health care in Russia, the country to a certain extent lags behind leaders in this field in terms of saturation of health care with qualified IT specialists. The study presents prognostication of need in IT specialists in health care in 2025-2026, characterized by dominance of software developers, as well as increasing of need for data analysts, cybersecurity specialists and DevOps engineers. To meet increasing need for IT specialists in health care in Russia, it is necessary to improve education system, to develop professional retraining programs and to organize favorable conditions for work of IT specialists in health care, including competitive salaries and opportunities for professional growth.