Trees, Forests and People最新文献_第3页

Stand age and soil drivers mediate the transition from particulate organic carbon to mineral-associated organic carbon and regulate carbon pool management index in Haloxylon ammodendron sand-fixing forests 林龄和土壤驱动因素调节梭梭固沙林颗粒有机碳向矿物相关有机碳的转化，调节梭梭固沙林碳库管理指数

IF 2.9 Q1 FORESTRY

Trees, Forests and People

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.tfp.2026.101183

Linqi Shi , Quanlin Ma , Wenye Cheng , Runjuan Wang , Guohong Wu , Rui Ma

Understanding soil carbon pool variation with stand age in planted Haloxylon ammodendron sand-fixing forests is essential for accurately evaluating the carbon sink function of arid sandy ecosystems. This study investigated a 5–40-year H. ammodendron plantation chronosequence along the southern margin of the Badain Jaran Desert, with adjacent mobile dunes as controls. Soil carbon fraction and the carbon pool management index (CPMI) were analyzed across the 0–100 cm depth. The results indicate that, with stand age, the mean soil inorganic carbon pool (0–100 cm), soil organic carbon pool, dissolved organic carbon (DOC), easily oxidizable carbon (EOC), mineral-associated organic carbon (MAOC)and CPMI all exhibit positive trends. In the 0–100 cm soil depth, SOC and particulate organic carbon (POC) reached their minimum levels in the 5-year-old H ammodendron stands. In contrast, at the 0–5 and 5–20 cm soil depths, the lowest soil organic carbon stocks (SOCS), SOC, and POC were observed in 10-year-old stands. SOC composition shifted from POC-dominated to MAOC-enriched, indicating enhanced stabilization. Labile organic carbon dominated the surface layers, while stable carbon forms were relatively more abundant in deeper horizons. Soil nutrients and vegetation characteristics are key regulators of soil carbon pools; CPMI is mainly co-influenced by these factors plus labile organic carbon fractions. Additionally, reduced bulk density and pH, and increased clay, silt, and porosity, collectively promoted both carbon sequestration and stability. Overall, planted H. ammodendron forests simultaneously strengthen both the capacity and stability of soil carbon pools in arid sandy lands.

了解梭梭固沙林土壤碳库随林龄变化规律，对准确评价干旱沙质生态系统碳汇功能具有重要意义。研究了巴丹吉林沙漠南缘5 ~ 40年梭梭人工林的生长时序，并以邻近的流动沙丘为对照。分析了0 ~ 100 cm深度土壤碳组分和碳库管理指数（CPMI）。结果表明：随着林龄的增长，平均土壤无机碳库（0 ~ 100 cm）、土壤有机碳库、溶解有机碳（DOC）、易氧化碳（EOC）、矿物伴生有机碳（MAOC）和CPMI均呈上升趋势；在0 ~ 100 cm土壤深度，5年生梭梭林土壤有机碳（SOC）和颗粒有机碳（POC）达到最低水平。10年林分土壤有机碳储量（SOCS）、有机碳储量（SOC）和有机碳储量（POC）在0 ~ 5 cm和5 ~ 20 cm土层均最低。有机碳组成由poc为主转变为maoc富集，表明稳定性增强。表层以不稳定有机碳为主，深层稳定碳相对丰富。土壤养分和植被特征是土壤碳库的关键调控因子；CPMI主要受这些因素和活性有机碳组分的共同影响。此外，体积密度和pH值的降低以及粘土、粉土和孔隙度的增加共同促进了碳固存和稳定性。总体而言，种植梭梭林同时增强了干旱沙地土壤碳库的容量和稳定性。

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引用次数: 0

Leaf morphology-δ13C synergy in drought response and G×E interactions in Toona sinensis 香椿叶片形态-δ13C在干旱响应中的协同作用及G×E相互作用

IF 2.9 Q1 FORESTRY

Trees, Forests and People

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.tfp.2026.101189

Yao Xiao , Junlong Liu , Yingchao Li , Zhengde Wang , Peiyao Xin , Junhong Zhang , Miaomiao Zhang , Nan Lu , Junhui Wang , Wenjun Ma

Toona sinensis is prized for its superior wood quality, ranking among the most important timber species. However, its growth and development has been severely constrained by persistent drought stress, which has become more frequent due to global climate change. Therefore, elucidating its drought response mechanisms and breeding high-yield, drought-resistant varieties are crucial for mitigating plantation productivity losses caused by global climate change. This study analyzed the effects of genotypic (G), environmental (E), and genotype-by-environment (G×E) interactions on the growth, leaf morphology, anatomy, and δ¹³C of T. sinensis clones in three test sites. We evaluated the key traits associated with drought response, and investigated the relationship between growth and drought resistance. The results revealed significant genotypic and G×E effects on volume. Leaf phenotypic variation was primarily determined by G×E effects, though leaf thickness and δ13C exhibited significant genotypic effects. In severely water-deficient regions, clone volume significantly decreased, leaf area reduced, leaf thickness increased, and δ13C markedly rose. Among leaf-related traits, δ13C was identified as a key indicator of drought response, with its increase mainly attributed to enhanced leaf thickness due to palisade tissue thickening. Regression analysis showed no significant correlation between the comprehensive drought resistance index (based on leaf phenotypes) and volume. Thus, clones were evaluated separately across three test sites. On the basis of high volume, potentially drought-resistant clones were further screened (XC10–4 and XC15–3 for XT; XC6–17 and XC30–2 for HZ; XC15–3 and XC6–13 for LA), all achieving genetic gains in volume exceeding 20 %. These findings provide practical insights for the sustainable development of future T. sinensis plantations.

香椿因其优良的木材质量而备受赞誉，是最重要的木材品种之一。然而，它的生长和发展受到持续干旱压力的严重制约，这种压力由于全球气候变化而变得更加频繁。因此，阐明其干旱响应机制，培育高产耐旱品种，对减轻全球气候变化造成的人工林生产力损失具有重要意义。本研究分析了基因型(G)、环境(E)和基因型-环境（G×E）互作对3个试验点柽柳无性系生长、叶片形态、解剖结构和δ13C的影响。我们评估了与干旱响应相关的关键性状，并研究了生长与抗旱性之间的关系。结果显示了显著的基因型和G×E效应。叶片表型变异主要由G×E效应决定，但叶片厚度和δ13C具有显著的基因型效应。在严重缺水地区，无性系体积显著减少，叶面积显著减少，叶厚显著增加，δ13C显著升高。在叶片相关性状中，δ13C被认为是干旱响应的关键指标，其增加主要是由于栅栏组织增厚导致叶片厚度增加。回归分析表明，综合抗旱性指数（基于叶片表型）与体积之间无显著相关。因此，克隆在三个测试地点被分开评估。在高产量的基础上，进一步筛选具有抗旱潜力的无性系（XT的XC10-4和XC15-3， HZ的XC6-17和XC30-2， LA的XC15-3和XC6-13），均取得了超过20% %的遗传增益。研究结果为今后柽柳人工林的可持续发展提供了参考。

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引用次数: 0

Mapping city-wide allergenic risk zones of Platanus trees using street view images and deep learning 使用街景图像和深度学习绘制全市范围内的普拉塔努斯树过敏风险区域

IF 2.9 Q1 FORESTRY

Trees, Forests and People

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.tfp.2026.101204

Yang Zhou , Rui Xiao , Qiuping Li , Feng Zhao , Jian Fang

Urban trees provide essential ecological and societal benefits; however, certain species such as Platanus x hispanica; Mill. ex Münchh (London plane) releases allergenic pollen that poses health risks to sensitive populations. Existing studies on allergen exposure often rely on sparse monitoring stations, limiting the application in generating city-wide allergenic risk map. This study proposes an effective and low-cost framework for mapping urban allergenic risk by integrating Street View Images (SVIs), deep learning, and environmental modeling. Using over 150,000 SVIs from Wuhan, Platanus trees are automatically identified through a fine-tuned YOLOv11 (You Only Look Once) instance segmentation model. A Platanus Displayed Density (PDD) indicator is proposed by integrating monocular depth information to measure visually perceived Platanus abundance from a pedestrian exposure perspective. Building upon this, a novel Allergenic Risk Index of Platanus (ARIP) is developed by combining tree abundance, urban morphological effects (building hindrance index), and wind-driven pollen dispersion model. In the result, we also present city-wide maps with high-resolution (100 m) of allergenic risk and population exposure using mobile phone data. The proposed framework provides an innovative, transferable, and data-efficient approach for fine-scale allergenic risk assessment, supporting allergy-aware urban planning and public health management in cities.

城市树木提供了必要的生态和社会效益；然而，某些种，如Platanus x hispanica；轧机。ex m nchh（伦敦飞机）释放致敏花粉，对敏感人群构成健康风险。现有的过敏原暴露研究往往依赖于稀疏的监测站，限制了在生成全市过敏原风险图中的应用。本研究提出了一种基于街景图像（SVIs）、深度学习和环境建模的高效、低成本的城市过敏原风险绘制框架。使用来自武汉的超过150,000个svi，通过微调的YOLOv11 （You Only Look Once）实例分割模型自动识别Platanus树。通过整合单目深度信息，从行人暴露的角度测量视觉感知的Platanus丰度，提出了Platanus display Density （PDD）指标。在此基础上，结合树木丰度、城市形态效应（建筑阻碍指数）和风驱动花粉分散模型，建立了新的Platanus变态反应风险指数（ARIP）。因此，我们还利用移动电话数据绘制了高分辨率（100米）的城市过敏原风险和人口暴露地图。拟议的框架为精细尺度的过敏原风险评估提供了一种创新的、可转移的和数据高效的方法，支持敏感过敏原的城市规划和城市公共卫生管理。

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引用次数: 0

Terrestrial laser scanning-based allometric models for East-African tropical rainforest trees 基于地面激光扫描的东非热带雨林树木异速生长模型

IF 2.9 Q1 FORESTRY

Trees, Forests and People

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.tfp.2026.101211

Anjela Thomas Mashera , John Paul Okimat , Martin Ehbrecht

An in-depth understanding of tree allometry is a crucial prerequisite to quantify the role of tropical forests in global carbon cycling. Here, we present site-specific, multi-species allometric models to quantify height, crown length, crown projection area, volume and biomass for East-African tropical rainforest trees. We used terrestrial laser scanning data to derive individual tree structures and developed quantitative structure models (QSMs) to estimate tree volume and biomass (n = 85). To account for the irregular structure of buttressed trees, we combined QSM modelling with a meshing approach for accurate three-dimensional representation of the buttressed lower stem sections. Our results show that tree volume (adjusted R² = 0.90), tree height (adjusted R²_pseudo = 0.72), and crown projection area (adjusted R² = 0.80) can be estimated with high accuracy from tree diameters only, while crown length (adjusted R²_pseudo = 0.35) only showed weak correlations with diameter. The presented allometric models can be readily applied to estimate tree structure and biomass for large forest inventory datasets. A comparison with other published allometric models shows that pantropical models tend to overestimate tree height and underestimate tree biomass for East-African tropical trees, highlighting the relevance of site-specific allometric functions for unbiased tree structure and biomass estimation. We recommended for future studies to include species-specific TLS data in building allometric models to broaden their applicability.

深入了解树木异速生长是量化热带森林在全球碳循环中的作用的重要前提。在这里，我们提出了针对特定地点的多物种异速生长模型来量化东非热带雨林树木的高度、树冠长度、树冠投影面积、体积和生物量。我们利用地面激光扫描数据推导出树木的个体结构，并建立了定量结构模型（QSMs）来估算树木的体积和生物量（n = 85）。为了考虑支撑树的不规则结构，我们将QSM建模与网格划分方法相结合，以精确地三维表示支撑的下部茎段。结果表明，仅用树木直径可以较准确地估算出树木体积（调整后R²= 0.90）、树高（调整后r2 = 0.72）和树冠投影面积（调整后R²= 0.80），而树冠长度（调整后r2 = 0.35）与树木直径的相关性较弱。本文提出的异速生长模型可以很容易地应用于估算大型森林清查数据集的树木结构和生物量。与其他已发表的异速生长模型的比较表明，泛热带模型倾向于高估东非热带树木的树高和低估树木生物量，突出了特定地点异速生长函数与无偏树木结构和生物量估算的相关性。我们建议在未来的研究中纳入物种特异性TLS数据来建立异速生长模型，以扩大其适用性。

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引用次数: 0

Mapping and verifying potential continuous cover forestry areas from LiDAR data 利用激光雷达数据绘制和验证潜在的连续覆盖森林区域

IF 2.9 Q1 FORESTRY

Trees, Forests and People

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.tfp.2026.101196

Matti Maltamo , Hanna Jukkara , Pekka Kosunen , Heli Kymäläinen , Ville-Veikko Uhlgren , Kaisa Liimatainen , Timo Nummenmaa , Lauri Korhonen

Continuous cover forestry (CCF) is a forest management approach where clear-cuts are avoided. Instead, the largest trees are removed, which leaves room for the smaller trees to mature, and enables natural regeneration in the canopy gaps. In this study, potential CCF stands were mapped from airborne laser scanning (ALS) data. This was achieved by estimating the presence and spruce-dominance (spruce vs non-spruce) of understorey trees to be grown in CCF. As a ground reference, we had tree-mapped field plots where all trees had been measured. The field-measured tree diameter and laser-scanned echo height distributions were kernel smoothed, and the derivatives of the smoothed curve were used to interpret the presence of understorey trees. Also, the proportion of laser points or trees below a defined minimum diameter limit was used as an indicator of understorey presence. This resulted in estimates of understorey from both field and ALS data, and thus an estimate on the accuracy of ALS data in the detection of understorey presence. Furthermore, area-based metrics were calculated from the ALS data separately for each recognized tree layer. These data were then used to classify the plots according to the presence and species (spruce vs non-spruce) of understorey trees. The results showed that an overall accuracy of about 0.7 was obtained both in the comparisons of smoothed distributions and in the cross-validated empirical classification to three classes. The F1-score was higher with direct comparison (0.66) compared to the empirical 3-class classification (0.56).

连续覆盖森林（CCF）是一种避免砍伐森林的森林管理方法。相反，最大的树木被移除，这为较小的树木留下了成熟的空间，并使树冠间隙能够自然再生。在本研究中，利用机载激光扫描（ALS）数据绘制了潜在的CCF林分。这是通过估算CCF中种植的林下树木的存在和云杉优势（云杉与非云杉）来实现的。作为地面参考，我们绘制了所有树木都测量过的树图。将野外测量的树木直径和激光扫描的回波高度分布进行核平滑，并利用平滑曲线的导数来解释林下树木的存在。此外，激光点或低于规定的最小直径限制的树木的比例被用作下层植被存在的指标。这导致了从野外和ALS数据中对林下植被的估计，从而估计了ALS数据在检测林下植被存在方面的准确性。此外，根据ALS数据分别计算每个识别树层的基于区域的指标。然后使用这些数据根据林下树木的存在和种类（云杉与非云杉）对样地进行分类。结果表明，无论是对平滑分布的比较，还是对三个类别进行交叉验证的经验分类，总体精度都在0.7左右。直接比较f1得分（0.66）高于经验3类分类得分（0.56）。

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引用次数: 0

How does biodiversity monitoring impact those who conduct it? Reported outcomes and perspectives of a field team in Lore Lindu National Park, Indonesia 生物多样性监测如何影响进行监测的人？印度尼西亚洛尔林杜国家公园实地考察小组的成果和观点报告

IF 2.9 Q1 FORESTRY

Trees, Forests and People

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.tfp.2026.101166

Mary Mulligan , Heiko Faust , Lutz Fehrmann , Fabian Brambach , Cesar A. Mappatoba , Kamaluddin Kamaluddin , Adam Malik , Tatang Tiryana , I Nengah Surati Jaya , Christoph Kleinn

Biodiversity monitoring enhances our understanding of the natural environment, provides insights into ecological trends, and evaluates the effectiveness of conservation and management efforts. However, less is known about how such monitoring affects those who conduct it, both in terms of personal benefits and potential shifts in their environmental perspectives. To explore these impacts, we (the project consortium) interviewed the 44 individuals who participated in a biodiversity monitoring campaign from February 2023 to February 2024 in Lore Lindu National Park, Indonesia. All respondents reported enhanced knowledge and professional networks, while the vast majority also highlighted increased income generation (97 %), capacity development (92 %), and personal fulfillment (97 %). Most respondents reported increased awareness, motivation, and knowledge related to the national park and its preservation, with 43 % of responses classified as a genuine perspective shift. Participants from the local communities in particular described a heightened sense of pride and responsibility towards protecting the park’s natural resources. More broadly, 80 % of respondents expressed a positive perspective shift towards nature and the environment as a whole. These findings align with participant outcomes observed in both citizen science and other collaborative monitoring contexts, suggesting that, beyond scientific and management benefits, biodiversity monitoring campaigns also provide meaningful social, economic, and educational benefits. These additional outcomes support both conservation and local development and should be considered when planning future monitoring campaigns.

生物多样性监测增强了我们对自然环境的认识，提供了对生态趋势的洞察，并评估了保护和管理工作的有效性。然而，就个人利益和环境观点的潜在转变而言，人们对这种监测如何影响进行监测的人知之甚少。为了探讨这些影响，我们（项目联盟）采访了44名参加了2023年2月至2024年2月在印度尼西亚洛林杜国家公园进行的生物多样性监测活动的个人。所有受访者都报告了知识和专业网络的增强，而绝大多数受访者还强调了创收（97%）、能力发展（92%）和个人成就感（97%）的增加。大多数受访者表示，他们对国家公园及其保护的认识、动机和知识都有所提高，43%的受访者认为这是一种真正的观点转变。来自当地社区的参与者特别描述了保护公园自然资源的自豪感和责任感。更广泛地说，80%的受访者表达了对自然和整体环境的积极看法转变。这些发现与在公民科学和其他协作监测背景下观察到的参与者结果一致，表明除了科学和管理效益之外，生物多样性监测运动还提供了有意义的社会、经济和教育效益。这些额外的结果支持保护和当地发展，在规划未来的监测活动时应予以考虑。

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引用次数: 0

Selective Ensemble Machine Learning for Mapping Potential Invasion of Vachellia drepanolobium in Ethiopian Savanna Ecosystem Using Sentinel-2 and Environmental Variables 基于Sentinel-2和环境变量的选择性集成机器学习在埃塞俄比亚热带稀树草原生态系统中绘制芦苇草的潜在入侵

IF 2.9 Q1 FORESTRY

Trees, Forests and People

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-03-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.tfp.2026.101218

Gamtesa Olika Bulto , Gizachew Kabite Wedajo , Tadesse Woldemariam Gole , Desalegn Chala , Dessalegn Obsi Gemeda

Invasive plant species, particularly Vachellia drepanolobium pose serious threats to biodiversity and ecosystem services in arid and semi-arid rangelands. Borana National Park (BNP) and surrounding districts are increasingly affected by V. drepanolobium; however, spatial modeling of this invasion remains limited. In this study, we evaluated the performance of six models: Random Forest (RF), Support Vector Machine (SVM), Gradient Boosting Machine (GBM), Multilayer Perceptron (MLP), Generalized Linear Model (GLM), and Maximum Entropy (MaxEnt), using the Area Under the Receiver Operating Characteristic Curve (AUC), True Skill Statistic (TSS), and Correlation Coefficient (COR). From 43 candidate predictors, 13 independent variables were retained after multicollinearity screening based on pairwise Pearson correlations (r ≤ 0.8) and Variance Inflation Factor (VIF < 10). Key predictors included elevation, blue band reflectance, Normalized Difference Moisture Index (NDMI), and Modified Chlorophyll Absorption Ratio Index (MCARI). Results showed that RF (AUC = 0.998; TSS = 0.980; COR = 0.939), MaxEnt (AUC = 0.991; TSS = 0.951; COR = 0.925), and GLM (AUC = 0.986; TSS = 0.923; COR = 0.915) were the top-performing models. These were integrated into a selective ensemble, which achieved superior predictive accuracy (AUC = 0.998; TSS = 0.960; COR = 0.969) and produced spatially consistent invasion hotspots. The ensemble model estimated that V. drepanolobium has invaded 1,057.5 km² (3.32%) of the broader study area and 316.35 km² (4.69%) of BNP, primarily affecting three of the five management blocks. These findings provide the first spatially explicit prediction of V. drepanolobium invasion in Ethiopia, offering a scalable framework for monitoring invasion risk in savanna ecosystems globally.

外来入侵植物对干旱半干旱草原的生物多样性和生态系统服务构成严重威胁。博拉纳国家公园（BNP）及其周边地区受到蛭形弧菌的影响日益严重；然而，这种入侵的空间建模仍然有限。在这项研究中，我们评估了六个模型的性能：随机森林（RF）、支持向量机（SVM）、梯度增强机（GBM）、多层感知器（MLP）、广义线性模型（GLM）和最大熵（MaxEnt），使用接收者工作特征曲线下面积（AUC）、真技能统计（TSS）和相关系数（COR）。从43个候选预测因子中，根据成对Pearson相关性（r≤0.8）和方差膨胀因子（VIF < 10）进行多重共线性筛选，保留了13个自变量。主要预测因子包括海拔、蓝带反射率、归一化水分指数（NDMI）和改良叶绿素吸收比指数（MCARI）。结果表明，RF （AUC = 0.998; TSS = 0.980; COR = 0.939）、MaxEnt （AUC = 0.991; TSS = 0.951; COR = 0.925）和GLM （AUC = 0.986; TSS = 0.923; COR = 0.915）是表现最好的模型。将这些数据整合到一个选择性集合中，获得了较好的预测精度（AUC = 0.998; TSS = 0.960; COR = 0.969），并产生了空间上一致的入侵热点。综上模型估计，drepanolobium侵染了1057.5 km²（3.32%）的研究区域和316.35 km²（4.69%）的BNP，主要影响了5个管理区块中的3个。这些发现首次在空间上明确预测了衣状芽孢杆菌在埃塞俄比亚的入侵，为监测全球稀树草原生态系统的入侵风险提供了一个可扩展的框架。

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引用次数: 0

Combining unmanned aerial vehicle and ground LiDAR for biomass estimation: Canopy complexity effects in diverse forests 结合无人机和地面激光雷达进行生物量估算：不同森林的冠层复杂性效应

IF 2.9 Q1 FORESTRY

Trees, Forests and People

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.tfp.2026.101202

Huoyan Zhou , Wenjun Liu , Ram P. Sharma , Yufeng Ma , Zujun Zhao , Zhiming Zhang

Forest canopy structure and biomass are crucial to the estimation of carbon sink function, while the intensification of global climate change is significantly affecting the structure and function of forest ecosystems, especially in different climatic zones. In this study, we assessed the effects of climatic variations on canopy volume, stem biomass estimation, and model accuracy in three contrasting climatic zones of Yunnan Province, China: Pudacuo (characterized by a cold and humid plateau climate), the Ailao Mountains (featuring a subtropical monsoon mountain climate), and Xishuangbanna (exhibiting a tropical rainforest climate). Based on crown widthand employing multiple modeling approaches (nonlinear mixed-effects, random forest, multiple regression, deep learning, and decision tree), we examined the relationships between forest structural complexity and biomass estimation within each region. The results showed the random forest model demonstrated a higher predictive accuracy across all the climatic zones, particularly in forests with complex structures. Crown width are critical for accurate biomass estimation in tropical and subtropical regions. Specifically, in Xishuangbanna, omitting crown width resulted in a substantial underestimation of biomass (R² = 0.53), whereas its inclusion significantly improved model performance (R² = 0.97). In contrast, the relatively simple canopy structure in Pudacuo showed less sensitivity to the absence of crown width, while (Diameter at breast height) DBH was identified as the primary factor influencing biomass, with the random forest model achieving the highest prediction accuracy (R² = 0.98). Furthermore, canopy structural complexity of FSCI (Forest canopy structure complexity index) was highest in temperate coniferous forests and lowest in tropical rainforests, indicating marked structural differences among forest types under distinct climatic and disturbance regimes. These findings offer valuable insights for enhancing the accuracy of biomass estimation and advancing the understanding of forest structural complexity.

森林冠层结构和生物量对碳汇功能的估算至关重要，而全球气候变化的加剧正在显著影响森林生态系统的结构和功能，特别是在不同的气候带。本研究以云南省普达措（寒湿高原气候）、哀哀山（亚热带季风山地气候）和西双版纳（热带雨林气候）为研究对象，分析了气候变化对冠层体积、树干生物量估算和模型精度的影响。基于树冠宽度，采用多种建模方法（非线性混合效应、随机森林、多元回归、深度学习和决策树），研究了各区域森林结构复杂性与生物量估算之间的关系。结果表明，随机森林模型在所有气候带都具有较高的预测精度，特别是在结构复杂的森林中。冠宽是热带和亚热带地区准确估算生物量的关键。具体而言，在西双版纳，忽略冠宽导致生物量严重低估（R²= 0.53），而包含冠宽显著提高了模型性能（R²= 0.97）。普达错林冠层结构相对简单，对冠宽缺失的敏感性较低，胸径是影响生物量的主要因子，其中随机森林模型的预测精度最高（R²= 0.98）。森林冠层结构复杂性指数（FSCI）在温带针叶林中最高，在热带雨林中最低，这表明在不同的气候和干扰条件下，不同森林类型的结构存在显著差异。这些发现为提高生物量估算的准确性和推进对森林结构复杂性的认识提供了有价值的见解。

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引用次数: 0

Citizen science for forest ecosystem services assessment–Insights from co-creation in Switzerland 森林生态系统服务评估的公民科学——来自瑞士共同创造的见解

IF 2.9 Q1 FORESTRY

Trees, Forests and People

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.tfp.2026.101206

Johanna Trummer, Valère Martin, Jean-Laurent Pfund, Jerylee Wilkes-Allemann

Forests play a critical role in climate regulation by storing carbon and delivering a wide range of ecosystem services. Sustainable forest management is essential to maintain these services, however current monitoring and assessments frameworks tend to prioritize easily measurable and economically relevant forest ecosystem services, often neglecting cultural and locally relevant aspects. In Switzerland, for example, data gaps and low temporal resolution of existing monitoring systems limit site-specific, local decision-making and a holistic ecosystem service assessment. Citizen science offers a promising approach to address these gaps by engaging diverse forest users in the assessment and monitoring of local forest ecosystem services. Building on existing studies, we aim to (i) identify which forest ecosystem services can be effectively assessed through citizen science and (ii) develop a guiding framework for systematic and efficient data collection. Thus, we conducted three co-creation workshops with eleven forest professionals, complemented by additional expert consultations. Our results indicate that cultural services show the highest suitability for assessment with the support of citizen scientists. For certain regulating and provisioning services, monitoring data already exists (e.g., protective forests), whereas others require expert knowledge and modelling (e.g., oxygen production), making citizen science involvement less appropriate. These findings highlight the importance of (i) identifying locally relevant ecosystem services, (ii) reviewing existing data sources, (iii) defining appropriate indicators, and (iv) designing data collection and evaluation procedures prior to involving citizen scientists. Overall, our research contributes to the integration of cultural and locally relevant forest ecosystem services into sustainable forest management through citizen science and provides guidance for forest-related policymakers to promote participatory and future-oriented decision-making.

森林通过储存碳和提供广泛的生态系统服务，在气候调节中发挥着关键作用。可持续森林管理对于维持这些服务至关重要，然而目前的监测和评估框架往往优先考虑易于衡量和经济相关的森林生态系统服务，往往忽视文化和当地相关方面。例如，在瑞士，现有监测系统的数据缺口和低时间分辨率限制了具体地点的地方决策和整体生态系统服务评估。通过让不同的森林使用者参与评估和监测当地森林生态系统服务，公民科学为解决这些差距提供了一种有希望的方法。在现有研究的基础上，我们的目标是：(1)确定可以通过公民科学有效评估哪些森林生态系统服务；(2)为系统和有效的数据收集制定指导框架。因此，我们与11名林业专业人员举办了三次共同创造讲习班，并进行了额外的专家磋商。结果表明，在公民科学家的支持下，文化服务表现出最高的适宜性。对于某些管理和提供服务，监测数据已经存在（例如，保护性森林），而其他服务则需要专家知识和建模（例如，氧气生产），这使得公民科学参与不太合适。这些发现强调了以下方面的重要性：(i)确定当地相关的生态系统服务，（ii）审查现有的数据来源，（iii）定义适当的指标，以及（iv）在公民科学家参与之前设计数据收集和评估程序。总体而言，我们的研究有助于通过公民科学将文化和当地相关的森林生态系统服务整合到可持续森林管理中，并为森林相关决策者提供指导，以促进参与性和面向未来的决策。

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引用次数: 0

Spatial patterns and influencing factors of ancient trees in a highly urbanized megacity: Evidence from Shanghai 高度城市化特大城市古树空间格局及其影响因素：来自上海的证据

IF 2.9 Q1 FORESTRY

Trees, Forests and People

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.tfp.2026.101201

Nan Wang , Hongbing Wang , Yonghong Hu

Ancient trees are the invaluable natural and cultural treasures, crucial for maintaining biodiversity. However, at the city scale, the spatial patterns of ancient trees and the mechanisms underlying their long-term persistence remain insufficiently quantified, particularly in highly urbanized megacities. This study focuses on ancient trees and their successor resources in Shanghai, aiming to characterize their species diversity, spatial distribution patterns, and key driving factors. Spatial analyses were conducted using Geographic Information System (GIS) techniques, including spatial autocorrelation and inequality analyses, while a random forest model was employed to evaluate the relative importance of species-level attributes associated with long-term survival. The findings revealed that a total of 2833 ancient trees and their successor resources were documented. Overall, their spatial distribution exhibited a clustering pattern, with a more concentrated distribution in the birthplace of Shanghai's historical and cultural heritage. The spatial patterns reflected the combined influences of environmental conditions, historical land use, cultural heritage, and site characteristics. Model results further indicated that potential lifespan and ecological adaptability and resistance were the most influential factors shaping the likelihood of trees persisting for over a century, with Gini importance scores of 21.28 and 18.99, respectively. These findings provide a quantitative basis for identifying tree species with higher potential to become future ancient trees and offer practical insights for the conservation, management, and sustainable planning of ancient tree resources in cities.

古树是宝贵的自然和文化财富，对维持生物多样性至关重要。然而，在城市尺度上，古树的空间格局及其长期存在的机制仍然不够量化，特别是在高度城市化的特大城市。本文以上海古树及其后继资源为研究对象，探讨了上海古树及其后继资源的物种多样性、空间分布格局和关键驱动因素。利用地理信息系统（GIS）技术进行空间分析，包括空间自相关和不平等分析，并采用随机森林模型评估与长期生存相关的物种水平属性的相对重要性。结果显示，共有2833棵古树及其继承资源被记录在案。总体而言，它们的空间分布呈集聚型，在上海历史文化遗产的发源地分布更为集中。空间格局反映了环境条件、历史土地利用、文化遗产和场地特征的综合影响。模型结果进一步表明，潜在寿命和生态适应性和抗性是影响树木持续超过一个世纪可能性的最重要因素，其基尼重要性得分分别为21.28和18.99。研究结果为未来古树潜力树种的鉴定提供了定量依据，并为城市古树资源的保护、管理和可持续规划提供了实践依据。

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引用次数: 0