Trees, Forests and People最新文献

{"title":"How do landowners perceive and respond to incentives for sustainable forest management? A synthesis to inform discussions on programs for climate-smart forestry","authors":"Stephanie Chizmar ,&nbsp;Tamara Cushing ,&nbsp;Srijana Baral ,&nbsp;Tatyana Ruseva","doi":"10.1016/j.tfp.2024.100753","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tfp.2024.100753","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Originally, forest sustainability was primarily concerned with continual timber production. Contemporary concepts such as sustainable forest management (SFM) and climate-smart forestry (CSF) emphasize the continual production of multiple forest goods and services, both market and non-market. In addition to the creation of new programs for CSF, recent legislation in the United States (US) has expanded the use of incentive programs traditionally used for subsidizing SFM to also support management activities that aid in climate adaptation and mitigation. Understanding landowner perceptions of incentive programs for SFM in the US and how their use correlates with landowner behavior may be informative for discussions on programs for CSF. In this study, we systematically review the literature on financial incentive programs for SFM and forest landowner behavior, perceptions, and characteristics. We restrict our analysis to refereed articles published in academic journals since 1992 and which feature actual incentive programs available to forest landowners in the US. We synthesize lessons from the literature on past and current programs and discuss potential implications for incentive programs for CSF. Program administrators may utilize the findings from this review to inform the design and administration of incentive programs that promote sustainable forestry and support forest landowners in responding to and mitigating climate change.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36104,"journal":{"name":"Trees, Forests and People","volume":"19 ","pages":"Article 100753"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143128235","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of the tree species on soil parameters and carbon sequestration in silvopastoral systems, Molinopampa district, Amazonas region, Peru","authors":"Lorenzo Culqui,&nbsp;Angel Fernando Huaman-Pilco,&nbsp;Elí Pariente,&nbsp;Paula Alejandra Quilcate Pérez,&nbsp;Damaris Leiva Tafur,&nbsp;Lily Juarez-Contreras,&nbsp;Nixon Haro,&nbsp;Manuel Oliva-Cruz","doi":"10.1016/j.tfp.2024.100748","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tfp.2024.100748","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Silvopastoral systems (SPS's) represent a sustainable alternative to extensive or intensive cattle ranching, which has contributed to soil degradation and deforestation in the Peruvian Amazon. This research was carried out in Molinopampa, Amazonas, Peru, and evaluated the influence of <em>Alnus glutinosa, Pinus patula</em>, and <em>Cupressus lusitanica</em> on various soil parameters and carbon sequestration. Three plots with live fences composed of 18-year-old trees were selected. The average diameter at breast height (DBH) was 33.8 cm for <em>A. glutinosa</em>, 20.86 cm for <em>P. patula</em>, and 31.28 cm for <em>C. lusitanica</em>. The results show that <em>A. glutinosa</em> stored more carbon in its biomass (151.82 kg/tree) compared to <em>C. lusitanica</em> (117.41 kg/tree) and <em>P. patula</em> (64.13 kg/tree). <em>C. lusitanica</em> and <em>P. patula</em> also showed higher edaphic fertility, with significantly higher phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) values compared to <em>A. glutinosa</em>. P ranged between 1.19 and 102.77 ppm and K between 105.7 and 720.9 ppm. As for pH, <em>A. glutinosa</em> exhibited more acidic soils with a range of 3.39 to 4.74. Principal component analysis (PCA) revealed that <em>C. lusitanica</em> and <em>P. patula</em> were related in all edaphic parameters, while <em>A. glutinosa</em> had a deficit in N, C and organic matter. These findings highlight the potential of <em>C. lusitanica</em> and <em>P. patula</em> to improve soil quality and CO₂ sequestration in silvopastoral systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36104,"journal":{"name":"Trees, Forests and People","volume":"19 ","pages":"Article 100748"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143128471","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrating remote sensing and in-situ data to determine climate diversity and variability in cocoa systems in the provinces of Jaén and San Ignacio, Cajamarca (NW Perú)","authors":"Nilton Atalaya-Marin ,&nbsp;Malluri Goñas ,&nbsp;Daniel Tineo ,&nbsp;Beimer Chuquibala-Checan ,&nbsp;Marielita Arce-Inga ,&nbsp;Ever Tarrillo ,&nbsp;Yeltsin A. Alvarez-Robledo ,&nbsp;Josué Tafur-Culqui ,&nbsp;Héctor Cabrera-Hoyos ,&nbsp;Darwin Gómez-Fernández","doi":"10.1016/j.tfp.2024.100749","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tfp.2024.100749","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The lack of information on the geographic distribution of cocoa systems, along with species diversity and the influence of climatic factors on yields, presents challenges for the agronomic management of these plantations and the implementation of more effective agricultural policies. The objective of this study was to map cocoa area, species diversity and their response to historical climate variability in the provinces of Jaén and San Ignacio, Cajamarca, Peru.</div><div>For this purpose, PlanetScope and Sentinel-1 data, chosen for their high spatial resolution, were processed in Google Earth Engine using the Random Forest (RF) classification algorithm. Species diversity was determined by selecting 15 cocoa plots distributed in three altitudinal ranges. In each plot, all individuals with a diameter at breast height greater than 2.5 cm were registered within four 10 m x 20 m transects. A total of 4,338.6 ha of cocoa monocultures and agroforestry systems (AFS) distributed in valleys and in the proximity of water networks were mapped; overall thematic precision was 0.85 and a kappa index of 0.81. On the other hand, Musa sp. predominates at lower altitudes, while Inga edulis showed greater dominance at higher altitudes. The application of climatic and cocoa yield data allowed the calculation of the standardized anomaly index, which showed a remarkable impact of rainfall on cocoa yield, especially in 2021 and 2022, when it reached values above 0.94 MT/ha. Consequently, this integrated approach provides a deeper understanding of cocoa AFS, establishing a solid basis for decision-making aimed at optimizing yield through agricultural practices adapted to specific climatic conditions and promoting biodiversity by incorporating native species. Additionally, the findings have practical implications for agricultural policies, such as improving productivity, enhancing biodiversity, and adapting cocoa systems to climate change, promoting their sustainability and resilience.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36104,"journal":{"name":"Trees, Forests and People","volume":"19 ","pages":"Article 100749"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143093251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gendered ethnobotanical practices and their influence on livelihoods: Non-Timber Forest Product collection around Ayubia National Park","authors":"Mehwish Zaman ,&nbsp;Asma Jabeen ,&nbsp;Muhammad Waheed ,&nbsp;Shiekh Marifatul Haq ,&nbsp;Abeer Hashem ,&nbsp;Khalid F. Almutairi ,&nbsp;Elsayed Fathi Abd_Allah ,&nbsp;Rainer W. Bussmann","doi":"10.1016/j.tfp.2024.100752","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tfp.2024.100752","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Non-timber forest products (NTFPs) are acknowledged for supporting rural livelihoods and forest conservation. Identifying potential species with commercial value and establishing sustainable management practices for NTFPs require an analysis of their use patterns by local communities and trends on a regional scale. We analyzed traditional use patterns, trends, and economic value of NTFPs around the fringe three villages around the Ayubia National Park, Pakistan and discussed potential implications for conservation and livelihoods. Field surveys were conducted through snowball method and the data were collected through semi-structured interviews with 108 households. The study reveals that NTFP collection is strongly influenced by household size, gender, and education, with larger households and women playing pivotal roles in harvesting. The findings highlight significant gender disparities in NTFP collection, with women being the primary collectors across all villages. The study also underscores the importance of education and gender in shaping NTFPs collection patterns, with educated individuals and women playing key roles. Among the NTFPs surveyed, mushrooms (<em>Morchella esculenta</em>) commanded the highest price, and high-value medicinal plants were <em>Alcea rosea, Swertia chirata</em>, and <em>Valeriana jatamansi</em>. The results emphasize the need for sustainable management practices to ensure the continued availability of NTFPs, which are crucial for the socioeconomic well-being of these communities. The study contributes to the growing body of literature on NTFPs by providing insights into the complex interactions between socioeconomic factors and resource use, offering valuable implications for conservation and rural development strategies in the region. We propose sustainable harvesting procedures, value addition at the local level, and marketing to promote NTFPs in the landscape for revenue generation and livelihood enhancement, which will ultimately contribute to conservation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36104,"journal":{"name":"Trees, Forests and People","volume":"19 ","pages":"Article 100752"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143093249","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating the impact of field-measured tree height errors correction on aboveground biomass modeling using airborne laser scanning and GEDI datasets in Brazilian Amazonia","authors":"Nadeem Fareed,&nbsp;Izaya Numata","doi":"10.1016/j.tfp.2024.100751","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tfp.2024.100751","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;&lt;div&gt;Forest field inventory (FFI) data provide valuable reference estimates of aboveground biomass (AGB) at the plot level, forming a basis for developing AGB prediction models that can be scaled to larger extents using predictor variables derived from remote sensing datasets e.g., LiDAR. Historical FFI datasets typically include tree diameter at breast height (DBH) and, in some cases, tree height (&lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mi&gt;H&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;t&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;r&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;e&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;e&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mo&gt;)&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;. Allometric equations yield more accurate AGB estimates when &lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mi&gt;H&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;t&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;r&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;e&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;e&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt; is incorporated; however, while DBH is commonly recorded, &lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mi&gt;H&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;t&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;r&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;e&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;e&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt; is often partially available or entirely missing from forest field plots. An alternative approach uses DBH as a predictor variable to estimate &lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mi&gt;H&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;t&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;r&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;e&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;e&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt; through &lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mi&gt;H&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;t&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;r&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;e&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;e&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt; – DBH allometric model. In this study, we present a framework to harmonize and incorporate existing yet inconsistent FFI datasets in AGB modeling at the regional scale. We optimized &lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mi&gt;H&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;t&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;r&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;e&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;e&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt; – DBH allometric model based on the previously developed pantropical model of the Western Amazon using existing FFIs data. For this study, we used data from 174 forest field plots each measuring 50 m by 50 m, and coincident with airborne LiDAR data in the Brazilian Legal Amazon (BLA) region, South America. Using existing field-measured &lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mi&gt;H&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;t&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;r&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;e&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;e&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;, we calibrated the H-DBH model to reflect regional conditions, resulting in an RMSE of a maximum of 6 m for trees with unknown &lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mi&gt;H&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;t&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;r&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;e&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;e&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;. We then assessed tree height over- and under-estimations by using a 1-m canopy height model (CHM) originating from airborne laser scanning (ALS) as an explicit concurrent unbiased proxy dataset. The results indicate that under tropical forest conditions – BLA region, field measured &lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mi&gt;H&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;t&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;r&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;e&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;e&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt; is generally underestimated when exceeding 30 m, particularly in dense forest canopies. Under-estimation is rarely observed in degraded forests, where over-estimation may occur if forest conditions have changed post-FFI (e.g., due to burning or logging). Following height correction, we applied allometric equations to estimate AGB using simulated GEDI waveform metrics—specifically relative height metrics such as RH5, RH10, RH1","PeriodicalId":36104,"journal":{"name":"Trees, Forests and People","volume":"19 ","pages":"Article 100751"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143128472","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Choosing the right close-range technology for measuring DBH in fast-growing trees plantations","authors":"Michal Skladan ,&nbsp;Juliána Chudá ,&nbsp;Arunima Singh ,&nbsp;Matej Masný ,&nbsp;Martin Lieskovský ,&nbsp;Michal Pástor ,&nbsp;Martin Mokroš ,&nbsp;Jozef Vyboštok","doi":"10.1016/j.tfp.2024.100747","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tfp.2024.100747","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;&lt;div&gt;Recently, the cultivation of fast-growing tree (FGT) plantations has gained importance due to the growing energy and climate crisis. FGT plantations have the potential to reduce carbon footprints and lower greenhouse gas emissions by utilization of local renewable energy sources. Effective monitoring of above-ground biomass (AGB) is crucial for the successful management of these plantations. Standard methods for estimating AGB rely on easily measurable parameters, such as Diameter at Breast Height (DBH) and tree height, which are highly correlated with AGB. Traditional methods for measuring DBH include measuring tapes and calipers; however, these techniques can be labor-intensive, time-consuming, and limited when assessing large areas. Innovative approaches, such as photogrammetry, terrestrial laser scanning (TLS), mobile laser scanning (MLS), and iPhone LiDAR scanning, can complement these traditional methods by generating point clouds that can be used for extracting dendrometric parameters. This study evaluates the effectiveness of TLS (RIEGL VZ-1000), MLS (Stonex X120 GO), iPhone LiDAR (iPhone 13 Pro MAX), and terrestrial photogrammetry (iPhone 13 Pro MAX) for estimating DBH in a Paulownia plantation. Each technology has limitations: while TLS offers high accuracy, it is also expensive and time-consuming. Similarly, MLS is relatively costly. On the other hand, iPhone LiDAR and terrestrial photogrammetry are more affordable alternatives; however, the iPhone LiDAR has a limited scanning range, and photogrammetry requires considerable time and expertise for data collection and processing. The primary objective of this study was to evaluate these technologies based on their accuracy in DBH estimation, ease of use, data collection, processing time, and cost within the ideal conditions of a Paulownia plantation (characterized by the absence of understory, level ground, and uniform tree shape and spacing). The aim was to determine whether traditional methods could be replaced with more efficient, quicker, easier, and cost-effective alternatives. Results indicated that TLS, MLS, and photogrammetry provided similar DBH estimation accuracies, with root mean square error (RMSE) values between 0.7 and 0.72 cm and relative RMSE values between 2.87 % and 2.95 %. In contrast, the iPhone LiDAR was the least accurate, with an RMSE of 1.7 cm and an rRMSE of 6.96 %. This study demonstrates that all evaluated technologies offer sufficient accuracy for DBH estimation, although TLS and MLS capture additional parameters at a higher cost. Therefore, TLS is impractical for DBH estimation in plantation environments due to its high cost, time, and labor demands. While less expensive, terrestrial photogrammetry also requires significant time investment and operator expertise. Despite its cost, MLS achieved the best results among all the evaluated technologies and proved to be the fastest and relatively simple. If cost is a concern, the best solution for DBH est","PeriodicalId":36104,"journal":{"name":"Trees, Forests and People","volume":"19 ","pages":"Article 100747"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143128569","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impacts of watershed management and topographic positions on soil organic carbon and total nitrogen stocks in Northeast highlands of Ethiopia","authors":"Andualem Belay ,&nbsp;Assefa Abegaz ,&nbsp;Mohammed Assen","doi":"10.1016/j.tfp.2024.100750","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tfp.2024.100750","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Understanding soil organic carbon (SOC) and total nitrogen (TN) stock changes is crucial for designing effective strategies that sequester carbon and enhance soil fertility. This study examined the effects of slope aspect, watershed management practices, and slope position on SOC and TN stocks in the Upper Gelana watershed of Ethiopia. Sixty auger samples and sixty undisturbed core samples (0–30 cm) were collected. Data were subjected to a three-way general linear model. The results showed that watershed management practices and slope positions significantly influenced SOC and TN stock distributions (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05). Carbon-to-nitrogen ratios were affected considerably by slope aspect and slope position (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.01). SOC stocks ranged from 20.65 Mg ha⁻¹ in open grazing lands to 51.32 Mg ha⁻¹ in natural forests, while TN stocks varied from 1.77 Mg ha⁻¹ in traditional farming to 4.5 Mg ha⁻¹ in controlled grazing systems. Both SOC and TN stock losses in open grazing and traditional farming reached 60 % and 59 %, respectively. Annual SOC stock gains in controlled grazing, agroforestry, and stabilized bund systems were 1.13, 0.82, and 0.51 Mg ha⁻¹, respectively, with a 24-year restoration period. Natural forests had higher SOC and TN stocks in the east-facing aspect, while controlled grazing showed better results in the west-facing aspect. These findings emphasize the importance of expanding controlled grazing and agroforestry systems, alongside forest restoration, as an integrated watershed management approach for enhancing soil fertility and carbon sequestration. The results underscore the importance of considering topographic factors in land use planning to optimize nutrient dynamics.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36104,"journal":{"name":"Trees, Forests and People","volume":"19 ","pages":"Article 100750"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143128476","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Low seed viability and germination in Polylepis flavipila hinder forest restoration: The role of seed mass and maternal effects","authors":"L. David Huayta-Hinojosa ,&nbsp;Harold Rusbelth Quispe-Melgar ,&nbsp;Katherine Lucero Lagones Poma ,&nbsp;Yashira Stefani Llacua-Tineo ,&nbsp;Fressia Nathalie Ames-Martínez ,&nbsp;Daniel Renison","doi":"10.1016/j.tfp.2024.100746","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tfp.2024.100746","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Seed physiological quality is usually determined by the interaction between genetics and the mother tree's environment, as well as by intrinsic characteristics, such as seed mass. In the Andean highlands, massive sapling production for forest restoration projects is constrained by seed availability and quality. There, species of the genus <em>Polylepis</em> dominate the remnant forests. The associations of seed viability with seed mass and maternal effects were evaluated in <em>P. flavipila</em>, a threatened tree species endemic to the Peruvian Andes. The characteristics and environments of 18 mother trees from two sites were measured, and seed quality was assessed in three tests. Seed mass was 3.49 ± 1.76 mg (range: 0.5–16 mg) and showed the greatest variability within mother trees, followed by variability among trees and among sites. Viability rates, standard germination and greenhouse germination (2.06 ± 1.35 %, 0.59 ± 0.89 % and 0.64 ± 1.11 %; respectively) were low at both sites. These results were attributed to the presence of seeds with non-viable or absent embryos. Seed viability increased with seed mass and mother tree height, and was positively associated with number of seedlings (<em>r</em> = 0.56). The deficient seed viability and germination found in <em>P. flavipila</em> are the lowest reported for the genus. The low seed physiological quality detected is a risk factor that exacerbates the species' degree of threat, posing a challenge for sapling production. The reported associations of <em>P. flavipila</em> seed viability with seed mass and maternal characteristics and environment may guide the selection of better seed quality and serve as a basis for future studies on the challenges and limitations of the reproductive biology of this species.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36104,"journal":{"name":"Trees, Forests and People","volume":"19 ","pages":"Article 100746"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143093248","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Growth and yield responses of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) to tree lopping and organic manure under Morus-based agri-silvicultural system","authors":"Saakshi ,&nbsp;Chaman Lal Thakur ,&nbsp;Daulat Ram Bhardwaj ,&nbsp;Umesh Sharma ,&nbsp;Avinash Kumar Bhatia ,&nbsp;Shilpa Sharma ,&nbsp;Sunny Sharma ,&nbsp;Kasahun Gudeta ,&nbsp;Saleh AlNadhari ,&nbsp;Saleh Alansi","doi":"10.1016/j.tfp.2024.100745","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tfp.2024.100745","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Sustainable land management targets climate change by mitigating greenhouse gas emissions, bolstering resilience against climate-related disasters and advocating sustainable practices. India has significantly contributed to shaping the UN Sustainable Development Agenda 2030, in which agroforestry has emerged as a critical component. The tree-based intercropping practices implemented in agroforestry reduce competitive associations between woody and non-woody components, at the same time obtaining advantage of interactions that are beneficial. The present investigation was accomplished during the year 2019–20. The research trial was structured using a split-plot design to explore the possibilities of successfully cultivating <em>Phaseolus vulgaris</em> as an intercrop under <em>Morus alba.</em> The study incorporated 4 different levels of tree lopping (T₀: 0%; T₁: 25%; T₂: 50%; T₃: 75%) and 5 dosages of manure (S₀: No manure; S₁; FYM, S₂: Jeevamrutha 5%; S₃: Jeevamrutha 10%; S₄: RDF+FYM). The results revealed that maximum values for above and below-ground growth parameters were recorded in treatment T₃ (75% lopping intensity) and treatment S₄ (RDF + FYM). The treatments S₁ (FYM) and S₄ also significantly influenced soil parameters. Based on this investigation, it was inference that the integration of <em>Phaseolus vulgaris</em> with <em>Morus alba</em> provides the best possibility for diversity and enhanced profitability compared to a single species, if lopping is performed scientifically and a combination of manures are applied appropriately, besides offering numerous additional environmental gains.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36104,"journal":{"name":"Trees, Forests and People","volume":"19 ","pages":"Article 100745"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143093241","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Factors influencing forest landowner enrollment in preferential property tax programs","authors":"Benjamin Rushakoff ,&nbsp;Tamara L. Cushing ,&nbsp;Jeffrey D. Kline ,&nbsp;Olli-Pekka Kuusela","doi":"10.1016/j.tfp.2024.100684","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tfp.2024.100684","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>One of the most common approaches to conserving forestland in the US are state-run programs offering reduced property taxes on forestland. Although some form of preferential forest property tax program exists in all 50 states of the US, few studies have examined factors associated with landowners’ enrollment in such programs. As interest increases in incentivizing forestland owners to address various environmental or ecological goals, such as enhancing carbon storage or ecosystem services via private forest management, the need for improved knowledge about factors that influence landowners to participate in such programs grows. We examined factors associated with NIPF owner enrollment in preferential property tax programs in Oregon (US). Oregon currently has two primary preferential forest property tax programs. The Forestland Program is the default program for most forestland owners, and the Small Tract Forestland Option (STF), which is a voluntary program wherein landowners pay reduced annual property taxes and an additional timber harvest severance tax. We used a survey to gather information from 1190 Oregon Small Woodlands Association (OSWA) members owning between 10 and 5000 acres of forestland in western Oregon. Respondents were asked about their socio-demographic characteristics and forest management, as well as their enrollment status in Oregon's preferential property tax programs. Our econometric analysis of survey data indicate that preferential property tax programs enable long-term forest ownership, extended rotation ages, and investment in stewardship activities, suggesting that these programs are likely an effective tool for encouraging environmental or ecological goals among NIPF owners in Oregon.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36104,"journal":{"name":"Trees, Forests and People","volume":"18 ","pages":"Article 100684"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142748813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}