Trees, Forests and People最新文献

{"title":"Rapid recovery of Brazilian tropical savanna woodlands (Cerrado stricto sensu) to prescribed burns","authors":"George Louis Vourlitis ,&nbsp;Higo Jose Dalmagro ,&nbsp;Osvaldo Borges Pinto Jr. ,&nbsp;Robson Nunes Vieira ,&nbsp;Carlos Roberto Ribeiro Malhado ,&nbsp;Paulo Henrique Zanella de Arruda","doi":"10.1016/j.tfp.2025.101129","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tfp.2025.101129","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Fire is an important agent of disturbance for Brazilian tropical savanna (Cerrado), but fire suppression in protected areas like National Parks has transformed savanna grasslands and woodlands into forests. This transformation has caused a decline in biodiversity, prompting land managers to re-introduce fire to reduce tree encroachment and preserve the high biodiversity of these grasslands and woodlands. We partnered with land managers of the Chapada dos Guimarães National Park to conduct prescribed burns during the 2022 and 2023 dry seasons in Cerrado woodlands (<em>stricto sensu</em>). Our objectives were to determine how understory vegetation, tree growth, recruitment and mortality, and tree species composition were affected by the prescribed fires. We followed understory cover, tree species abundance, growth, mortality, and recruitment, surface root production, and soil nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) content over a period of 1-2 years after fire to assess short-term stand recovery. Climatic conditions were similar prior to each fire, and while ground surface temperatures were similar for each fire, the 2023 fire was hotter in the understory canopy. Understory vegetation grew significantly faster in burned vs. unburned plots one year of post-fire. Tree mortality was significantly higher in burned stands one year after fire, but after two years of recovery tree mortality was similar in burned and unburned plots. Furthermore, trees that died in burned plots had significantly smaller diameters that trees that died in unburned plots, suggesting that fire differentially affected smaller trees. Tree recruitment was not significantly affected by fire, but species such as <em>Andira cujabensis, Qualea grandiflora, and Tachigali vulgaris</em> had a fire-induced increase in relative growth rate (RGR) during the first year of post-fire recovery. Fire also increased the relative abundance of <em>A. cujabensis and T. vulgaris</em> but caused a significant decline in <em>Cenostigma macrophyllum</em> that persisted for two years after fire. Together, these results indicate a resilient vegetation response to fire, especially for understory vegetation and tree species that are considered fire resistant. These data can help inform land managers on how to use fire as a tool for reducing tree encroachment and preserving biodiversity of these protected woodlands.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36104,"journal":{"name":"Trees, Forests and People","volume":"23 ","pages":"Article 101129"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145938835","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Threshold-driven spatial configuration for urban park cooling: Translating multi-metric analysis into actionable design guidelines in Shenzhen","authors":"Haoran Tang ,&nbsp;Haoran Hu ,&nbsp;Xinyun Qiu ,&nbsp;Guoyi Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.tfp.2026.101153","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tfp.2026.101153","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Urban parks are vital thermal regulators in rapidly urbanizing regions, while advances in spatial metrics and machine learning exist, the systematic identification of environmental thresholds across multiple cooling metrics and translating multidimensional cooling analyses into actionable design guidelines for medium-to-large urban parks remain challenging. This study applies an ensemble engineering pipeline by integrating Random Forest feature selection, LightGBM modeling, and SHAP interpretability to analyze cooling performance across 196 parks in Shenzhen. Our analysis reveals critical compound thresholds: Parks under 20 ha achieve optimal cooling effect when situated in high-vegetation zones, whereas larger parks maintain stable cooling efficiency. Forest area benefits for park cooling intensity plateau at approximately 5 ha but continue enhancing cooling area, indicating metric-specific optimization needs. Road density exceeding 15% significantly impairs cooling performance, with distinct thresholds per metric. We translate these findings into practical design rules: Maintaining tree heights at 10–15 m maximizes cooling efficiency for smaller parks, while limiting impervious surfaces below 40% enhances cooling extent. By systematically examining interactions between two-dimensional landscape metrics, three-dimensional vegetation characteristics, and urban context across multiple cooling indicators, this work demonstrates how ensemble machine learning techniques, when coupled with interpretability methods, can generate implementable thermal resilience strategies within existing urban design frameworks. The study bridges the gap between complex nonlinear analysis and actionable engineering guidance for subtropical megacities facing acute heat challenges.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36104,"journal":{"name":"Trees, Forests and People","volume":"23 ","pages":"Article 101153"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145976595","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"How does climate influence mangrove litterfall production across different species? A case study in Zhanjiang, China","authors":"Yuhang Wang ,&nbsp;Qi Liu ,&nbsp;Xiafei Zhou ,&nbsp;Wanyu Wen ,&nbsp;Minghao Gong ,&nbsp;Yaojun Zhu","doi":"10.1016/j.tfp.2025.101137","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tfp.2025.101137","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Mangrove litterfall represents a major pathway of energy and nutrient flux, yet species-specific and organ-specific climatic responses remain insufficiently understood. This study quantified litterfall dynamic of three dominant mangrove species—<em>Avicennia marina, Bruguiera gymnorhiza</em>, and <em>Rhizophora stylosa</em>—compared fresh and dry organ-level phenology, and identified climatic drivers of species- and organ-specific litterfall patterns. Litterfall was monitored sub-monthly for two years (2023–2024) in mature subtropical stands and partitioned into leaves, flowers, propagules, and branches. Across species, annual fresh litterfall ranged from 1675.39 g m⁻²·in <em>A. marina</em> to 2998.74 g m⁻²·in <em>B. gymnorhiza</em>, with leaves contributing over 60% of total biomass. <em>B. gymnorhiza</em> and <em>R. stylosa</em> consistently produced more litterfall than <em>A. marina</em>. Pronounced interspecific differences were observed: <em>B. gymnorhiza</em> exhibited the strongest seasonality with sharp mid-year peaks, whereas <em>R. stylosa</em> maintained relatively stable production year-round. Leaf and flower litterfall showed asynchronous seasonal patterns across species, while propagule and branch litterfall displayed distinctly staggered reproductive and structural turnover cycles. To examine climatic effects, we employed Bayesian generalized additive mixed models (GAMMs), which capture nonlinear climate–litterfall relationships and account for hierarchical variation among species and organs. The models revealed clear functional differentiation in climatic sensitivity. Temperature positively influenced leaf and flower litterfall, particularly above 28 °C. Precipitation showed unimodal effects, and maximum wind speed strongly promoted flower and propagule litterfall, especially in <em>A. marina</em> and <em>R. stylosa</em>. Relative humidity had generally minor effects. Leaf litterfall showed the strongest climatic response, while branch litterfall was least sensitive. Overall, this study highlights contrasting phenological rhythms and climatic sensitivities among coexisting mangrove species and provide insights to support mangrove restoration, carbon accounting, and climate adaptation in subtropical coastal ecosystems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36104,"journal":{"name":"Trees, Forests and People","volume":"23 ","pages":"Article 101137"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145938743","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thinning improves timber yield and structure in Pinus Massoniana plantations: a 35-year experiment","authors":"Honghui Chen ,&nbsp;Zongzheng Chai ,&nbsp;Ning An ,&nbsp;Guijie Ding","doi":"10.1016/j.tfp.2025.101119","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tfp.2025.101119","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Thinning is a widely applied silvicultural practice in plantation forests, but its long-term effects on timber yield, quality, and stand development remain poorly documented, especially in subtropical conifer systems. A 35-year field experiment was conducted in <em>Pinus massoniana</em> plantations in southern China to evaluate how thinning regimes influence tree growth and timber structure over time. Seven treatments were applied, including early and delayed thinning at varying intensities, alongside an unthinned control. Growth and yield were assessed through repeated measurements of individual tree size, stand density, and timber volume across size classes. Results showed that thinning significantly improved individual tree diameter and volume compared to controls. Early-Intensive (i.e., early intensive thinning) and Early-Moderate &amp; Late-Light (i.e., early moderate thinning followed by late light thinning) treatments consistently outperformed others, especially in promoting large-diameter timber, a high-value category in regional markets. A composite index integrating total stand volume, merchantable timber output, and large-diameter recovery confirmed these treatments as optimal. These findings provide long-term empirical evidence that appropriate thinning strategies can enhance both timber yield and quality in <em>P. massoniana</em> plantations. The results serve as a practical reference for forest managers seeking to improve stand structure and economic return, and underscore the importance of tailoring thinning intensity and timing to long-term silvicultural objectives.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36104,"journal":{"name":"Trees, Forests and People","volume":"23 ","pages":"Article 101119"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146037523","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrating geo-spatial analysis and gray relational approach for wildfire susceptibility mapping in Bale Mountain National Park, Ethiopia","authors":"Desta Jula Bekalo ,&nbsp;Amanuel Kumsa Bojer ,&nbsp;Taye Girma Debelee ,&nbsp;Worku Gachena Negera ,&nbsp;Ayad M. Fadhil Al-Quraishi ,&nbsp;Kena Wendimu Gebissa ,&nbsp;Almaz Deche","doi":"10.1016/j.tfp.2026.101159","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tfp.2026.101159","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Wildfires have a significant impact on communities, wildlife ecosystems, air quality, the environment, the economy, and human health. Managing wildfires is essential in Ethiopia's national parks. Understanding the factors contributing to wildfires enables preventive action, especially in ecologically sensitive areas such as the Bale Mountains National Park (BMNP). This study primarily focused on predicting wildfire hotspots and analyzing the influencing factors using geospatial data aided by the gray relational analysis (GRA) technique. Seven parameters were identified: elevation, slope, land surface temperature (LST), vegetation type, natural difference vegetation index (NDVI), distance to roads, and settlement. The study indicated that the main driver of wildfires is land cover, with shrubland and grassland being particularly vulnerable vegetation types. The most important factors affecting this were identified as vegetation type, elevation, and NDVI, accounting for 20. 8%, 18. 2%, and 16.1%, respectively. Most wildfire hotspots were distributed in areas with higher elevations and steep slopes. In BMNP, the vulnerability to wildfire was low in 936.61 km² (39.77%), moderate in 1411.37 km² (59.93%), and high in 7.02 km² (0.3%) of the park. Fire intensity decreased as it moved farther away from highways and human settlements, and its concentration decreased as it moved farther away from the hubs of human activity. An integrated strategic plan to control forest fires, which appears to be lacking nationwide, is urgently needed, as uncontrolled forest fires could destroy the region's ecology.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36104,"journal":{"name":"Trees, Forests and People","volume":"23 ","pages":"Article 101159"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146037524","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Managing coppice forests in Bosnia and Herzegovina","authors":"Mehmed Čilaš ,&nbsp;Besim Balić ,&nbsp;Ćemal Višnjić ,&nbsp;Hubert Hasenauer","doi":"10.1016/j.tfp.2026.101156","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tfp.2026.101156","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Coppice forests cover 39 % of Bosnia and Herzegovina’s forest area and represent a major resource for timber production. Using national forest inventory data, we (i) evaluate options for converting coppice stands to high forest, (ii) model their development under alternative silvicultural pathways for the next 50 years, and (iii) quantify the associated carbon-sequestration potential. The simulations for assessing the transformation potential of coppice forests were restricted to productive coppice stands of good quality, which exhibited a strong response to different management options. The results suggest that selective thinning consistently produced the highest merchantable volume increment and carbon sequestration. It also shows that sustainable harvesting can be increased from 1 m³ ha⁻¹ yr⁻¹ (current average cut) to about 5–7 m³ ha⁻¹ yr⁻¹, while maintaining or even enhancing above-ground carbon stocks. The no-management scenario accumulated the largest standing volume (&gt;500 m³ ha⁻¹) and the highest carbon stocks but showed a decline in volume increment and carbon sequestration.In contrast, active management enhances sequestration, resulting in an additional 0.146 Mt C of carbon uptake when aggregated across the full area suitable for management, relative to the unmanaged scenario.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36104,"journal":{"name":"Trees, Forests and People","volume":"23 ","pages":"Article 101156"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146037564","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predicting Carpinus bertulus L trees survival using new machine learning algorithms in the Hyrcanian forests","authors":"Mohammad Zaferani ,&nbsp;Taha Hossein Hejazi ,&nbsp;Mahmoud Bayat ,&nbsp;Mansour Ghorbanpour","doi":"10.1016/j.tfp.2025.101130","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tfp.2025.101130","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The survival of forest ecosystems relies heavily on the health of trees. Therefore, it is essential to utilize data-driven analytical tools for predicting the probability of survival, which can inform forest management decisions. In this research, machine learning classification algorithms were employed to predict the survival of <em>Carpinus betulus</em> trees in the forests of Northern Iran. Several models were trained using long-term data from permanent ground sample plots, including Support Vector Machine (SVM), Random Forest (RF), and LightGBM. Key variables in the analysis included the diameter at breast height (DBH) and the basal area of the largest trees (BAL). The results demonstrated that the LightGBM model achieved the highest performance with respect to the balanced-accuracy measure. These findings provide valuable insights for developing effective forest conservation and management strategies. The study highlights the capability of machine learning algorithms to accurately predict tree survival, thereby contributing to improved forest management and conservation efforts in dynamic ecosystems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36104,"journal":{"name":"Trees, Forests and People","volume":"23 ","pages":"Article 101130"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145797383","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spatial distribution and ecological dominance of psidium guajava in the agricultural landscapes of Homa Bay County, Kenya","authors":"S.O. Ojunga ,&nbsp;C.J Mullah ,&nbsp;C.W. Otulo ,&nbsp;M. Mildred ,&nbsp;D.O. Wamani","doi":"10.1016/j.tfp.2025.101127","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tfp.2025.101127","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Psidium guajava L. (guava) is widely cultivated in tropical agro-ecosystems but is increasingly invasive in East Africa. Its rapid spread across smallholder landscapes threatens biodiversity and complicates land management, yet empirical evidence on its ecological dominance and distribution in western Kenya remains limited.This study assessed the spatial distribution, dominance, and diversity of P. guajava in smallholder agricultural landscapes of Homa Bay County, and examined related ecological and socio-economic implications. Surveys design were conducted in three guava-dominated locations—West Lambwe, North East Kanyamwa, and South Kanyamwa—using transects and quadrats to inventory woody species on farms and grazing lands. Species richness and diversity (Shannon and Simpson indices) were calculated, and site differences tested using ANOVA and Kruskal–Wallis statistics. Household data on guava coverage, yields, and management were collected through structured questionnaires. Annual production was estimated from mean area under guava, yield per hectare, and number of producing households. Guava dominated woody plant communities across sites, accounting for 67–86 % of all individuals. North East Kanyamwa showed the highest guava density (85.96 %) and species richness (16 species/ha) but lowest diversity (H′ = 0.724), reflecting severe dominance. West Lambwe recorded the greatest ecological evenness (H′ = 1.147) despite lower richness (10 species/ha). South Kanyamwa displayed intermediate conditions. Estimated annual guava production across the study area was 844.35 tonnes, with South Kanyamwa contributing the largest share (388.65 tonnes). Over 80 % of households reported minimal management, enabling rapid spread. Overall, P. guajava is ecologically dominant in Homa Bay, reducing woody species diversity and homogenizing vegetation. Although important for household fruit supply, its invasive nature poses long-term risks to agro-biodiversity and ecosystem resilience. Integrated management approaches are urgently needed, alongside further research on ecological trends and farmer decision-making.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36104,"journal":{"name":"Trees, Forests and People","volume":"23 ","pages":"Article 101127"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145797388","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating non-timber forest product dependence of peri-urban households in a payment for ecosystem service scheme in durban, South Africa","authors":"Karabo Donald Munonde ,&nbsp;Edilegnaw Wale Zegeye","doi":"10.1016/j.tfp.2025.101128","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tfp.2025.101128","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Non-timber forest products (NTFPs) are important for livelihoods. NTFP dependence can lead to deforestation and exacerbate land degradation. Therefore, Payment for Ecosystem Services (PES) schemes, such as the Buffelsdraai Landfill Site Community Reforestation project, initiated as part of landfil restoration and climate change mitigation, become important tools for encouraging communities to adopt land-use practices that improve forest ecosystem services while safeguarding their livelihoods. Most studies have focused on NTFP dependence in a rural context, while few have examined the peri‑urban setting in South Africa. Even fewer studies have captured NTFP dependence through actual household subsistence behaviour with NTFPs, rather than using income data, particularly how psychological and social capital constructs and worldviews shape NTFP dependence. Hence, this study investigates how socio-economic, cultural worldviews, and psychological and social capital affect NTFP dependence of peri‑urban households in Durban, South Africa. Regression estimates indicate that NTFP dependence increases with the presence of more adults, a better agricultural endowment, access to electricity, and strong social networks. Meanwhile, well-endowed, fatalistic, and egalitarian households are less dependent on NTFPs. Larger households need to be supported in diversifying their livelihoods by starting home food gardens, cultivating economically viable NTFP crop species that can be linked to markets. It is recommended that technical skills training be offered to reduce livelihood dependence on NTFPs. Future studies can assess NTFP dependence by comparing rural and peri‑urban areas to understand how rapid urbanisation shapes it.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36104,"journal":{"name":"Trees, Forests and People","volume":"23 ","pages":"Article 101128"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145797387","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The impact of economic growth on forest fragmentation: Evidence from Chinese counties","authors":"Fangfang Li ,&nbsp;Yushan Zhang ,&nbsp;Yue Lu ,&nbsp;Wenyuan Liang ,&nbsp;Lingchao Li","doi":"10.1016/j.tfp.2025.101125","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tfp.2025.101125","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Forest fragmentation threatens forest ecosystems and sustainable development across the globe. While the relationship between economic growth and aggregate forest cover has been extensively studied under the Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) framework, the impact of economic development on the spatial configuration of forests – specifically forest fragmentation – remains underexplored. Therefore, the EKC framework was used in this study to investigate the nonlinear relationship and moderating mechanisms between economic growth and forest fragmentation. This study used county-level data in China from 2000 to 2020 as samples and adopted high-resolution remote sensing data and panel threshold regression models. Empirical results showed threefold findings. First, high-income group counties showed a U-shaped EKC relationship for forest fragmentation, while low-income group counties showed an inverted U-shaped EKC relationship. Second, labor migration, energy transition and agricultural intensification positively moderated the impact of economic growth on forest fragmentation. Third, the moderating effects were more significant in low-income group, compared to high-income group. This study provided theoretical explanations and empirical support for the impact of economic growth on forest fragmentation and underlying mechanisms.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36104,"journal":{"name":"Trees, Forests and People","volume":"24 ","pages":"Article 101125"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146191032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}