This study is a semantic study that explores the genre of meaning in general. It focuses on the synonyms of adjectives ureshii and tanoshii in the construction of sentences in the Japanese language. The objective of this study is to discuss similarities and differences of the usage of synonyms ureshii and tanoshii and also to analyse the implementation from the perspective of adjectives in the Malay language. The data selected for this study are sentences that contained ureshii and tanoshii lexicons based on Shinmeikai Japanese Language Dictionary (2012). This study utilizes qualitative research methodology in which the data are analysed descriptively. Besides that, the data are also analysed using textual analysis based on the conceptual framework by Ibrahim Ahmad (2005). The findings of this study elucidate the technical differences in the usage of Japanese adjectives ureshii and tanoshii as compared to Malay adjectives gembira [happy] and seronok [excited]. It shows that the two adjectives have similar meaning and nuance but cannot be used interchangeably. The outcomes of this study can be used as reference material for teachers and students to master the usage of adjectives in Japanese language. Lastly, further studies on Japanese lexicon keiyoushi should be carried out entirely.
{"title":"The Use of Japanese Adjectives Ureshii and Tanoshii","authors":"N. Hamzah, Zaid Bin Mohd Zin, Rozita Che Rodi","doi":"10.33736/ils.2353.2020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33736/ils.2353.2020","url":null,"abstract":"This study is a semantic study that explores the genre of meaning in general. It focuses on the synonyms of adjectives ureshii and tanoshii in the construction of sentences in the Japanese language. The objective of this study is to discuss similarities and differences of the usage of synonyms ureshii and tanoshii and also to analyse the implementation from the perspective of adjectives in the Malay language. The data selected for this study are sentences that contained ureshii and tanoshii lexicons based on Shinmeikai Japanese Language Dictionary (2012). This study utilizes qualitative research methodology in which the data are analysed descriptively. Besides that, the data are also analysed using textual analysis based on the conceptual framework by Ibrahim Ahmad (2005). The findings of this study elucidate the technical differences in the usage of Japanese adjectives ureshii and tanoshii as compared to Malay adjectives gembira [happy] and seronok [excited]. It shows that the two adjectives have similar meaning and nuance but cannot be used interchangeably. The outcomes of this study can be used as reference material for teachers and students to master the usage of adjectives in Japanese language. Lastly, further studies on Japanese lexicon keiyoushi should be carried out entirely.","PeriodicalId":36177,"journal":{"name":"Issues in Language Studies","volume":"9 1","pages":"179-190"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41843102","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The way people use language determines and (or) reflects their experience in their social context; the use of everyday language becomes a lens through which people behave and see their world and at other time it is the social practices that influence certain choices of language used by community members. For that reason research on how languages affect women’s image in different speech communities is highly needed for the sake of saving women’s face. This brought to the attention the concept of language and gender in applied linguistics whose focus is on how language use and labelling is associated with gender differences. And those language forms that show gender bias are known as sexist expressions. Drawing on the above scenario, the present study explores sexist expressions in Nyakyusa language using data collected from four Nyakyusa speaking people as key informants through mobile phone interviews. Data were analysed thematically in which I generated themes from coded and categorised data. Findings show that Nyakyusa exhibits elements of sexism through five forms of sexist expressions namely referential gender, social gender, lexical gender, proverbs and idioms and agreements. The researcher calls for creation of awareness among Nyakyusa speech communities for reformation of sexist expressions.
{"title":"Sexist Expressions in Nyakyusa","authors":"M. Saimon","doi":"10.33736/ils.2150.2020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33736/ils.2150.2020","url":null,"abstract":"The way people use language determines and (or) reflects their experience in their social context; the use of everyday language becomes a lens through which people behave and see their world and at other time it is the social practices that influence certain choices of language used by community members. For that reason research on how languages affect women’s image in different speech communities is highly needed for the sake of saving women’s face. This brought to the attention the concept of language and gender in applied linguistics whose focus is on how language use and labelling is associated with gender differences. And those language forms that show gender bias are known as sexist expressions. Drawing on the above scenario, the present study explores sexist expressions in Nyakyusa language using data collected from four Nyakyusa speaking people as key informants through mobile phone interviews. Data were analysed thematically in which I generated themes from coded and categorised data. Findings show that Nyakyusa exhibits elements of sexism through five forms of sexist expressions namely referential gender, social gender, lexical gender, proverbs and idioms and agreements. The researcher calls for creation of awareness among Nyakyusa speech communities for reformation of sexist expressions.","PeriodicalId":36177,"journal":{"name":"Issues in Language Studies","volume":"9 1","pages":"144-154"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42217068","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Noor Syamshida Masa, N. Rusli, Nur Faaizah Md Adam
Makalah ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan perubahan vokal tinggi di akhir kata dalam kalangan pelajar dalam dialek Taiping berdasarkan teori fonologi generatif (Chomsky & Halle, 1969). Data kajian diperolehi melalui kaedah kepustakaan, pemerhatian dan temu bual dengan bantuan alat perakam, Ujian Sebutan Lisan dan buku catatan. Informan yang dipilih dalam kajian ini merupakan 20 orang pelajar berbangsa Melayu yang tinggal di Taiping, Perak. Lokasi kajian pula adalah di Sekolah Menengah Kebangsaan Simpang, Perak. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahawa perkataan yang mempunyai vokal tinggi /i/ dan /u/ di akhir kata akan direalisasikan sebagai [e] dan [o] seperti /bilik/ → [bileʔ], /ʧantik/ → [ʧanteʔ], /datuk/ → [datoʔ], /kukuh/ → [kukoh] dan sebagainya. Berdasarkan data ini, perubahan bunyi vokal tinggi yang berlaku menunjukkan bahawa vokal tinggi /i/ dan /u/ kehilangan fitur [+tinggi] dan akan direalisasikan sebagai vokal separuh tinggi [e] dan [o] melalui pelaksanaan rumus perendahan vokal di lingkungan suku kata akhir tertutup. Data ini kemudiannya dianalisis menggunakan teori fonologi generatif menggunakan rumus fitur distingtif. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahawa vokal tinggi /i/ dan /u/ mempunyai ciri pembeza yang berlainan antara satu sama lain. Vokal tinggi /i/ mempunyai fitur [‒belakang], [+depan] manakala vokal /u/ mempunyai fitur [+belakang], [‒depan]. Berdasarkan rumus fitur distingtif Zaharani Ahmad (1993), rumus tersebut telah dikembangkan untuk menentukan fitur vokal separuh tinggi [e] dan [o] yang mempunyai ciri pembeza masing-masing untuk menerangkan perubahan vokal tinggi di akhir kata dalam dialek Taiping. Kajian ini telah dapat menjelaskan sebab perubahan vokal tinggi di akhir kata dalam dialek Taiping, iaitu disebabkan proses perendahan vokal tinggi di akhir kata.
{"title":"Perubahan Vokal Tinggi di Akhir Kata dalam Dialek Taiping dalam Kalangan Pelajar: Analisis Fonologi Generatif","authors":"Noor Syamshida Masa, N. Rusli, Nur Faaizah Md Adam","doi":"10.33736/ils.2352.2020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33736/ils.2352.2020","url":null,"abstract":"Makalah ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan perubahan vokal tinggi di akhir kata dalam kalangan pelajar dalam dialek Taiping berdasarkan teori fonologi generatif (Chomsky & Halle, 1969). Data kajian diperolehi melalui kaedah kepustakaan, pemerhatian dan temu bual dengan bantuan alat perakam, Ujian Sebutan Lisan dan buku catatan. Informan yang dipilih dalam kajian ini merupakan 20 orang pelajar berbangsa Melayu yang tinggal di Taiping, Perak. Lokasi kajian pula adalah di Sekolah Menengah Kebangsaan Simpang, Perak. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahawa perkataan yang mempunyai vokal tinggi /i/ dan /u/ di akhir kata akan direalisasikan sebagai [e] dan [o] seperti /bilik/ → [bileʔ], /ʧantik/ → [ʧanteʔ], /datuk/ → [datoʔ], /kukuh/ → [kukoh] dan sebagainya. Berdasarkan data ini, perubahan bunyi vokal tinggi yang berlaku menunjukkan bahawa vokal tinggi /i/ dan /u/ kehilangan fitur [+tinggi] dan akan direalisasikan sebagai vokal separuh tinggi [e] dan [o] melalui pelaksanaan rumus perendahan vokal di lingkungan suku kata akhir tertutup. Data ini kemudiannya dianalisis menggunakan teori fonologi generatif menggunakan rumus fitur distingtif. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahawa vokal tinggi /i/ dan /u/ mempunyai ciri pembeza yang berlainan antara satu sama lain. Vokal tinggi /i/ mempunyai fitur [‒belakang], [+depan] manakala vokal /u/ mempunyai fitur [+belakang], [‒depan]. Berdasarkan rumus fitur distingtif Zaharani Ahmad (1993), rumus tersebut telah dikembangkan untuk menentukan fitur vokal separuh tinggi [e] dan [o] yang mempunyai ciri pembeza masing-masing untuk menerangkan perubahan vokal tinggi di akhir kata dalam dialek Taiping. Kajian ini telah dapat menjelaskan sebab perubahan vokal tinggi di akhir kata dalam dialek Taiping, iaitu disebabkan proses perendahan vokal tinggi di akhir kata.","PeriodicalId":36177,"journal":{"name":"Issues in Language Studies","volume":"9 1","pages":"124-143"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47618280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nurul Farehah Mohamad Uri, Mohd. Norafizal Abd. Aziz
The Implementation of CEFR in Malaysia is currently at the second stage whereby the classroom usage of the new CEFR-aligned syllabus and assessment has taken place since 2017 at all stages except for Form 5. Previous studies on CEFR in Malaysia have focused more on teachers’ views and their readiness in accepting the new changes. However, this study focusses more on ascertaining the suitability of the writing syllabus specifications against the CEFR writing scale to find out if the CEFR levels of writing syllabus specifications recommended by the teachers match the CEFR level set by the Ministry of Education, Malaysia. A total of 331 secondary school teachers were asked to respond to the writing syllabus checklist and the Winstep SPSS was used for data analysis. Findings have shown that productive skills of the writing syllabus specifications were found not to be aligned to the target CEFR level set by the Ministry. In conclusion, adjustment and alignment processes should be made accordingly to align and match the non-CEFR aligned English syllabus to the CEFR global scale instead of eradicating it.
{"title":"Ascertaining the Suitability of Writing Syllabus Specifications to the CEFR: Subject Matter Experts’ Perspectives","authors":"Nurul Farehah Mohamad Uri, Mohd. Norafizal Abd. Aziz","doi":"10.33736/ils.2347.2020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33736/ils.2347.2020","url":null,"abstract":"The Implementation of CEFR in Malaysia is currently at the second stage whereby the classroom usage of the new CEFR-aligned syllabus and assessment has taken place since 2017 at all stages except for Form 5. Previous studies on CEFR in Malaysia have focused more on teachers’ views and their readiness in accepting the new changes. However, this study focusses more on ascertaining the suitability of the writing syllabus specifications against the CEFR writing scale to find out if the CEFR levels of writing syllabus specifications recommended by the teachers match the CEFR level set by the Ministry of Education, Malaysia. A total of 331 secondary school teachers were asked to respond to the writing syllabus checklist and the Winstep SPSS was used for data analysis. Findings have shown that productive skills of the writing syllabus specifications were found not to be aligned to the target CEFR level set by the Ministry. In conclusion, adjustment and alignment processes should be made accordingly to align and match the non-CEFR aligned English syllabus to the CEFR global scale instead of eradicating it.","PeriodicalId":36177,"journal":{"name":"Issues in Language Studies","volume":"9 1","pages":"1-14"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41659055","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper describes intensifiers in Bidayuh Bau-Jagoi, a variation of the Bidayuh language, spoken in Sarawak, Malaysia. Data were gathered from 10 informants, aged 50-80, who are native speakers of the Bidayuh Bau-Jagoi. In this language, intensifiers are used to intensify the meaning of expressions, particularly adjectives. Results show that intensifiers are categorised into lexical items and reduplication. Three general lexical items (sikia, manah and bonar) were identified from the data, and 86 specific lexical intensifiers were found to be paired with specific adjectives with the exception of posah and ngakag. There is only one full reduplication form where a lexical item is reduplicated (tok-tok) and it intensifies the meaning of the adjectives that precede it. As for lexical items, the intensifiers are placed after the adjective with the exception of sikia. This study has uncovered rules pertaining to the use of intensifiers in Bidayuh Bau-Jagoi that will lead to a proper and better understanding of the language structure.
{"title":"Intensifiers in Bidayuh Bau-Jagoi","authors":"Yvonne Michelle Campbell, Jill Beon, S. Ting","doi":"10.33736/ils.2292.2020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33736/ils.2292.2020","url":null,"abstract":"This paper describes intensifiers in Bidayuh Bau-Jagoi, a variation of the Bidayuh language, spoken in Sarawak, Malaysia. Data were gathered from 10 informants, aged 50-80, who are native speakers of the Bidayuh Bau-Jagoi. In this language, intensifiers are used to intensify the meaning of expressions, particularly adjectives. Results show that intensifiers are categorised into lexical items and reduplication. Three general lexical items (sikia, manah and bonar) were identified from the data, and 86 specific lexical intensifiers were found to be paired with specific adjectives with the exception of posah and ngakag. There is only one full reduplication form where a lexical item is reduplicated (tok-tok) and it intensifies the meaning of the adjectives that precede it. As for lexical items, the intensifiers are placed after the adjective with the exception of sikia. This study has uncovered rules pertaining to the use of intensifiers in Bidayuh Bau-Jagoi that will lead to a proper and better understanding of the language structure.","PeriodicalId":36177,"journal":{"name":"Issues in Language Studies","volume":"9 1","pages":"51-68"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42403049","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
There is an increasing interest of studies investigating the correlation between Test-Taking Strategies (TTSs) and reading comprehension achievement among EFL learners. The relationship between the aforementioned variables is still unclear and more studies are needed on this area. The major concern of this study is to examine the correlational relationship between the use of test-taking strategies and reading comprehension. The sample of this study included 64 undergraduate students majoring in English language in King Khalid University, Saudi Arabia. The present research employed three instruments for data collection process; English Language Placement Test was used to distribute students according to their proficiency level, two reading passages taken from TOEFL reading comprehension tests, and a questionnaire adapted from Cohen and Upton (2007) asking about TTSs. The results of the present study illustrated that Saudi EFL students used test-taking strategies at a moderate level. There was no statistically significant correlation between test-taking strategies use and students’ achievement in reading comprehension test. There was also no significant differences between test-taking strategies and students; achievement in reading comprehension attributed to language proficiency level. Some pedagogical implications for EFL teachers were presented and discussed.
{"title":"Test-Taking Strategies and Reading Comprehension: A Correlational Investigation","authors":"F. Al-Khasawneh","doi":"10.33736/ils.2161.2020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33736/ils.2161.2020","url":null,"abstract":"There is an increasing interest of studies investigating the correlation between Test-Taking Strategies (TTSs) and reading comprehension achievement among EFL learners. The relationship between the aforementioned variables is still unclear and more studies are needed on this area. The major concern of this study is to examine the correlational relationship between the use of test-taking strategies and reading comprehension. The sample of this study included 64 undergraduate students majoring in English language in King Khalid University, Saudi Arabia. The present research employed three instruments for data collection process; English Language Placement Test was used to distribute students according to their proficiency level, two reading passages taken from TOEFL reading comprehension tests, and a questionnaire adapted from Cohen and Upton (2007) asking about TTSs. The results of the present study illustrated that Saudi EFL students used test-taking strategies at a moderate level. There was no statistically significant correlation between test-taking strategies use and students’ achievement in reading comprehension test. There was also no significant differences between test-taking strategies and students; achievement in reading comprehension attributed to language proficiency level. Some pedagogical implications for EFL teachers were presented and discussed.","PeriodicalId":36177,"journal":{"name":"Issues in Language Studies","volume":"9 1","pages":"155-165"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42872314","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hamidah Abdul Wahab, Siti Marina Kamil, Remmy Gedat
Kajian ini meneliti aspek kesantunan bahasa dalam masyarakat Melayu Sarawak dan Iban di daerah Kuching dan Samarahan, khususnya dalam penggunaan bahasa halus atau eufemisme. Objektif khusus kajian adalah untuk meneliti bentuk eufemisme yang wujud dan digunakan dalam masyarakat Melayu Sarawak dan Iban, dan juga melihat sejauh mana eufemisme tersebut digunakan dalam kedua-dua masyarakat tersebut. Data kajian diperoleh menerusi kaedah soal selidik, melibatkan responden seramai 50 orang bagi setiap kaum. Soalan dirangka mengikut beberapa domain daripada pengkategorian eufemisme oleh Allan dan Burridge (1991), iaitu hal kewanitaan dan kelelakian, kemarahan/makian/kebencian, penyakit, kematian, dan ketakutan berunsurkan haiwan serta makhluk halus. Dapatan kajian menunjukkan penggunaan bahasa halus secara sederhana adalah tinggi, iaitu bagi golongan penutur berusia 40 tahun ke bawah, melibatkan kedua-dua masyarakat. Penutur juga didapati memahami perkataan dan ujaran bahasa halus walaupun ia tidak bersifat langsung. Kajian ini juga dapat memperjelas bentuk bahasa halus yang wujud dan tahap penggunaannya dalam masyarakat Melayu Sarawak dan Iban, selain memaparkan latar budaya masyarakat penutur yang kaya dengan kehalusan bahasanya.
{"title":"Bentuk dan Penggunaan Bahasa Halus dalam Masyarakat Melayu dan Iban di Sarawak","authors":"Hamidah Abdul Wahab, Siti Marina Kamil, Remmy Gedat","doi":"10.33736/ils.2103.2020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33736/ils.2103.2020","url":null,"abstract":"Kajian ini meneliti aspek kesantunan bahasa dalam masyarakat Melayu Sarawak dan Iban di daerah Kuching dan Samarahan, khususnya dalam penggunaan bahasa halus atau eufemisme. Objektif khusus kajian adalah untuk meneliti bentuk eufemisme yang wujud dan digunakan dalam masyarakat Melayu Sarawak dan Iban, dan juga melihat sejauh mana eufemisme tersebut digunakan dalam kedua-dua masyarakat tersebut. Data kajian diperoleh menerusi kaedah soal selidik, melibatkan responden seramai 50 orang bagi setiap kaum. Soalan dirangka mengikut beberapa domain daripada pengkategorian eufemisme oleh Allan dan Burridge (1991), iaitu hal kewanitaan dan kelelakian, kemarahan/makian/kebencian, penyakit, kematian, dan ketakutan berunsurkan haiwan serta makhluk halus. Dapatan kajian menunjukkan penggunaan bahasa halus secara sederhana adalah tinggi, iaitu bagi golongan penutur berusia 40 tahun ke bawah, melibatkan kedua-dua masyarakat. Penutur juga didapati memahami perkataan dan ujaran bahasa halus walaupun ia tidak bersifat langsung. Kajian ini juga dapat memperjelas bentuk bahasa halus yang wujud dan tahap penggunaannya dalam masyarakat Melayu Sarawak dan Iban, selain memaparkan latar budaya masyarakat penutur yang kaya dengan kehalusan bahasanya.","PeriodicalId":36177,"journal":{"name":"Issues in Language Studies","volume":"9 1","pages":"15-27"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45110750","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The acquisition of the English articles is one of the most difficult areas for the second language learners particularly when there are no articles in the first language of the learners. The purpose of this study is to investigate the difficulties in acquisition and use of the English articles. The study aims at identifying the errors the EFL learners make in using the English articles. Two theoretical approaches regarding noun classification for articles choice were adopted in this study. The data were collected in the form of a gap-fill task from 75 adult Pashto learners of English. The results showed the students used the definite article ‘the’ and the indefinite article ‘a/an’ more often than the zero article O. In noun types, a few subjects made errors in using articles before count nouns. In the noun phrase environments, the lowest error rate was in referential indefinite while the highest error rate was in generics. The reasons for difficulties in acquiring and using the English articles were found to be mainly the identification of noun types, NPs environments, and language transfer.
{"title":"Difficulties in The Acquisition and Use of English Articles among Adult Pashto Learners","authors":"Khalil Ahmad, Addul Qadir Khan","doi":"10.33736/ils.1751.2019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33736/ils.1751.2019","url":null,"abstract":"The acquisition of the English articles is one of the most difficult areas for the second language learners particularly when there are no articles in the first language of the learners. The purpose of this study is to investigate the difficulties in acquisition and use of the English articles. The study aims at identifying the errors the EFL learners make in using the English articles. Two theoretical approaches regarding noun classification for articles choice were adopted in this study. The data were collected in the form of a gap-fill task from 75 adult Pashto learners of English. The results showed the students used the definite article ‘the’ and the indefinite article ‘a/an’ more often than the zero article O. In noun types, a few subjects made errors in using articles before count nouns. In the noun phrase environments, the lowest error rate was in referential indefinite while the highest error rate was in generics. The reasons for difficulties in acquiring and using the English articles were found to be mainly the identification of noun types, NPs environments, and language transfer.","PeriodicalId":36177,"journal":{"name":"Issues in Language Studies","volume":"8 1","pages":"1-12"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48835644","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Penubuhan Radio Malaya pada tahun 1946 di Singapura merupakan titik penting dalam perkembangan Sebutan Johor-Riau (SJR) sebagai sebutan standard bahasa Melayu di Malaysia dan Singapura. Pada tahun 1993, selaras dengan usaha pembakuan sebutan bahasa Melayu di Nusantara, pemerintah Singapura mengisytiharkan Sebutan Baku (SB) sebagai sebutan standard, menggantikan SJR, untuk digunakan di sekolah-sekolah, stesen-stesen penyiaran dan di upacara rasmi. Tidak seperti Malaysia yang kembali kepada SJR pada tahun 2000, Singapura mengekalkan SB. Makalah ini menyorot evolusi sebutan standard bahasa Melayu dalam konteks sosio-sejarah orang Melayu Singapura dan Malaysia dan turut menilai semula kebakuan SB. Lima gagasan penting telah dikenal pasti: 1) SJR (atau kelainan /ə/) dan kelainan /a/ merupakan dua model sebutan standard bahasa Melayu yang tumbuh secara tabii (SJR di selatan Semenanjung dan kelainan /a/ di utara); 2) Peristiwa-peristiwa penting yang berlaku secara kebetulan dalam jaringan ketersebaran SJR menjadikannya sebutan standard yang lebih berpengaruh daripada kelainan /a/; 3) Identiti bahasa orang Melayu Singapura terkait rapat dengan SJR. 4) SB adalah model sebutan yang dibuat-buat berpandukan prinsip ‘sebut sebagaimana dieja’ dan tidak dapat dipakai untuk bahasa Melayu selagi ejaan tidak menepati sebutan; 5) SB yang dituturkan di Singapura muncul sebagai sebutan hibrid – campuran SB dan SJR. Makalah ini turut membincangkan implikasi daripada penerusan dasar SB di Singapura.
{"title":"Sebutan Johor-Riau dan Sebutan Baku dalam Konteks Identiti Masyarakat Melayu Singapura","authors":"Mukhlis Abu Bakar","doi":"10.33736/ils.1521.2019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33736/ils.1521.2019","url":null,"abstract":"Penubuhan Radio Malaya pada tahun 1946 di Singapura merupakan titik penting dalam perkembangan Sebutan Johor-Riau (SJR) sebagai sebutan standard bahasa Melayu di Malaysia dan Singapura. Pada tahun 1993, selaras dengan usaha pembakuan sebutan bahasa Melayu di Nusantara, pemerintah Singapura mengisytiharkan Sebutan Baku (SB) sebagai sebutan standard, menggantikan SJR, untuk digunakan di sekolah-sekolah, stesen-stesen penyiaran dan di upacara rasmi. Tidak seperti Malaysia yang kembali kepada SJR pada tahun 2000, Singapura mengekalkan SB. Makalah ini menyorot evolusi sebutan standard bahasa Melayu dalam konteks sosio-sejarah orang Melayu Singapura dan Malaysia dan turut menilai semula kebakuan SB. Lima gagasan penting telah dikenal pasti: 1) SJR (atau kelainan /ə/) dan kelainan /a/ merupakan dua model sebutan standard bahasa Melayu yang tumbuh secara tabii (SJR di selatan Semenanjung dan kelainan /a/ di utara); 2) Peristiwa-peristiwa penting yang berlaku secara kebetulan dalam jaringan ketersebaran SJR menjadikannya sebutan standard yang lebih berpengaruh daripada kelainan /a/; 3) Identiti bahasa orang Melayu Singapura terkait rapat dengan SJR. 4) SB adalah model sebutan yang dibuat-buat berpandukan prinsip ‘sebut sebagaimana dieja’ dan tidak dapat dipakai untuk bahasa Melayu selagi ejaan tidak menepati sebutan; 5) SB yang dituturkan di Singapura muncul sebagai sebutan hibrid – campuran SB dan SJR. Makalah ini turut membincangkan implikasi daripada penerusan dasar SB di Singapura.","PeriodicalId":36177,"journal":{"name":"Issues in Language Studies","volume":"8 1","pages":"61-78"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42873465","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Intonation is a primary aspect in phonology, particularly in the supra-segmental area. Intonation carries meaning and changing the intonation of an utterance can quickly change the meaning of that utterance. This research aims to discover the patterns of intonation used in Sesame Street's puppet show and identify how interpersonal meaning is constructed on the show. This research was conducted from a phonology perspective and using the qualitative method. This research concentrates on phonology, mainly the supra-segmental area that is intonation. The focus of this study was on the relation between intonation patterns (tonality, tonicity, and tone) and interpersonal meaning. The website of Sesame Street was the source of Primary data for this study, as well as the puppet show's episode "Alphabet Race" (from Season 38). This research involved the researchers as its major instrument for analysing the data. In the process of collecting data, the researchers did documentation. This analysis finds the different division of the information between the systemic functional grammar level and the intonation level, which is shown from the clauses and tone units found in the show. The findings of this research provide teachers and EFL learners with further insight into how utterances deal with their intonation.
{"title":"Exploring Intonations in Sesame Street’s Puppet Shows: A Phonological Perspective","authors":"Ema Wilianti Dewi, N. Drajati, M. Yunus","doi":"10.33736/ils.1348.2019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33736/ils.1348.2019","url":null,"abstract":"Intonation is a primary aspect in phonology, particularly in the supra-segmental area. Intonation carries meaning and changing the intonation of an utterance can quickly change the meaning of that utterance. This research aims to discover the patterns of intonation used in Sesame Street's puppet show and identify how interpersonal meaning is constructed on the show. This research was conducted from a phonology perspective and using the qualitative method. This research concentrates on phonology, mainly the supra-segmental area that is intonation. The focus of this study was on the relation between intonation patterns (tonality, tonicity, and tone) and interpersonal meaning. The website of Sesame Street was the source of Primary data for this study, as well as the puppet show's episode \"Alphabet Race\" (from Season 38). This research involved the researchers as its major instrument for analysing the data. In the process of collecting data, the researchers did documentation. This analysis finds the different division of the information between the systemic functional grammar level and the intonation level, which is shown from the clauses and tone units found in the show. The findings of this research provide teachers and EFL learners with further insight into how utterances deal with their intonation.","PeriodicalId":36177,"journal":{"name":"Issues in Language Studies","volume":"8 1","pages":"32-47"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44029833","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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