Pub Date : 2025-12-12DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2025.140804
Xiyin Liu, Yongsheng Jia, Jinshan Sun
Soil co-contaminated with organic pollutants like pyrene and heavy metals present significant challenges for remediation. Existing technologies are generally ineffective at simultaneously removing both types of contaminants. This study proposes a novel approach—high-voltage pulsed blasting (HVPB) coupled with electrokinetic remediation (EKR)—for the treatment of soil co-contaminated with Cr, Cd and pyrene. Laboratory-scale experiments were conducted to evaluate the removal efficiency and underlying mechanisms of this method. HVPB generated strong oxidizing species, including ·OH and O₃, which effectively degraded pyrene. Under conditions of 40 kV discharge voltage, 7 cm electrode spacing, and 10% soil moisture content, pyrene degradation efficiency reached 76.1% after 33 discharges. Moreover, HVPB fractured soil particles and enlarged their specific surface area, exposing contaminants trapped within soil lattices to pore water or particle surfaces. HVPB also facilitated the oxidation of immobile Cr(III) into the more mobile Cr(VI), thereby increasing the proportion of exchangeable heavy metals. After 7 hours of EKR with prior HVPB treatment (2 V/cm voltage gradient, 0.5 mol/L acetic acid as the electrolyte, and EKG electrodes), the removal efficiencies of Cr(VI), Cr(III), and Cd reached 96.4%, 87.0%, and 70.2%, respectively. Compared with conventional enhanced EKR, this approach markedly shortened treatment time, reduced energy consumption, and improved removal efficiency. The proposed HVPB–EKR method provides an efficient and low-carbon strategy for the rapid remediation of soil co-contaminated with PHAs and heavy metals.
{"title":"Experimental study of high-voltage pulse blasting-electrokinetic method for remediation of Cr, Cd and pyrene co-contaminated soil","authors":"Xiyin Liu, Yongsheng Jia, Jinshan Sun","doi":"10.1016/j.jhazmat.2025.140804","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2025.140804","url":null,"abstract":"Soil co-contaminated with organic pollutants like pyrene and heavy metals present significant challenges for remediation. Existing technologies are generally ineffective at simultaneously removing both types of contaminants. This study proposes a novel approach—high-voltage pulsed blasting (HVPB) coupled with electrokinetic remediation (EKR)—for the treatment of soil co-contaminated with Cr, Cd and pyrene. Laboratory-scale experiments were conducted to evaluate the removal efficiency and underlying mechanisms of this method. HVPB generated strong oxidizing species, including ·OH and O₃, which effectively degraded pyrene. Under conditions of 40<!-- --> <!-- -->kV discharge voltage, 7<!-- --> <!-- -->cm electrode spacing, and 10% soil moisture content, pyrene degradation efficiency reached 76.1% after 33 discharges. Moreover, HVPB fractured soil particles and enlarged their specific surface area, exposing contaminants trapped within soil lattices to pore water or particle surfaces. HVPB also facilitated the oxidation of immobile Cr(III) into the more mobile Cr(VI), thereby increasing the proportion of exchangeable heavy metals. After 7<!-- --> <!-- -->hours of EKR with prior HVPB treatment (2<!-- --> <!-- -->V/cm voltage gradient, 0.5<!-- --> <!-- -->mol/L acetic acid as the electrolyte, and EKG electrodes), the removal efficiencies of Cr(VI), Cr(III), and Cd reached 96.4%, 87.0%, and 70.2%, respectively. Compared with conventional enhanced EKR, this approach markedly shortened treatment time, reduced energy consumption, and improved removal efficiency. The proposed HVPB–EKR method provides an efficient and low-carbon strategy for the rapid remediation of soil co-contaminated with PHAs and heavy metals.","PeriodicalId":361,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hazardous Materials","volume":"251 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.6,"publicationDate":"2025-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145728914","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-12DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2025.140790
F. Ciani, A Nannoni, G Morelli, G Delicato, V Kuka, S Fornasaro, P Lattanzi, R Manca, A Monnanni, P Costagliola, V Rimondi
The Mediterranean basin faces growing climate change threats; among them wildfires may impact on the biogeochemical cycle of toxic elements like mercury (Hg).This study quantified the Hg uptake by vegetation and soils in the former Mt. Amiata Mining District (MAMD) and assessed Hg release from hypothetical wildfires. Mercury concentrations were analyzed in different plant species (beech, chestnut and pine trees), as well as in litterfall and soils from five MAMD sites and two background sites.
Results
showed significant differences in Hg concentrations among tree species, with pine bark showing the highest values (from 98±28 to 1552±752 μg kg-1), and beech wood the lowest (6±5 to 13±5 μg kg-1). The highest Hg concentrations for both soil (5685±4010 μg kg-1) and litterfall (4971±703 μg kg-1) were found in beech forest, underlying litter decomposition role in Hg translocation to organic soil.Estimates of plant biomass allowed the calculations of potential Hg release under three hypothetical wildfire scenarios. A severe wildfire consuming plant biomass, litterfall, and soil could release over 2 kg Hg ha-1 in pure beech forests. Specific contributions were estimated (as average) to 8 g Hg ha-1 for litterfall, 28 g Hg ha-1 for aboveground plant biomass, and 1063 g Hg ha-1 for top-soil.The study provides new insights into the Hg cycle and the impact of wildfires in the Mediterranean area, with implications for environmental management and human health.
地中海盆地面临着日益严重的气候变化威胁；其中，野火可能影响汞（Hg）等有毒元素的生物地球化学循环。本研究量化了前Amiata山矿区植被和土壤对汞的吸收，并评估了假设野火对汞的释放。研究人员分析了不同植物物种（山毛榉、栗树和松树）以及5个MAMD站点和2个背景站点的凋落物和土壤中的汞浓度。结果表明，不同树种间汞含量差异显著，其中松皮含量最高（98±28 ~ 1552±752 μ kg-1），山毛榉含量最低（6±5 ~ 13±5 μ kg-1）。土壤和凋落物Hg浓度均以山毛榉林最高（5685±4010 μg kg-1），凋落物Hg浓度最高（4971±703 μg kg-1）。对植物生物量的估算允许在三种假设的野火情景下计算潜在的汞释放。在纯山毛榉林中，一场消耗植物生物量、凋落物和土壤的严重野火可释放超过2 kg Hg ha-1。估计（平均）凋落物的具体贡献为8 g Hg ha-1，地上植物生物量的贡献为28 g Hg ha-1，表层土壤的贡献为1063 g Hg ha-1。这项研究为汞循环和地中海地区野火的影响提供了新的见解，对环境管理和人类健康具有影响。
{"title":"Potentially wildfire-induced mercury release in the Mediterranean basin: evidence from a former mining area in Italy","authors":"F. Ciani, A Nannoni, G Morelli, G Delicato, V Kuka, S Fornasaro, P Lattanzi, R Manca, A Monnanni, P Costagliola, V Rimondi","doi":"10.1016/j.jhazmat.2025.140790","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2025.140790","url":null,"abstract":"The Mediterranean basin faces growing climate change threats; among them wildfires may impact on the biogeochemical cycle of toxic elements like mercury (Hg).This study quantified the Hg uptake by vegetation and soils in the former Mt. Amiata Mining District (MAMD) and assessed Hg release from hypothetical wildfires. Mercury concentrations were analyzed in different plant species (beech, chestnut and pine trees), as well as in litterfall and soils from five MAMD sites and two background sites.<h3>Results</h3>showed significant differences in Hg concentrations among tree species, with pine bark showing the highest values (from 98±28 to 1552±752<!-- --> <!-- -->μg<!-- --> <!-- -->kg<sup>-1</sup>), and beech wood the lowest (6±5 to 13±5<!-- --> <!-- -->μg<!-- --> <!-- -->kg<sup>-1</sup>). The highest Hg concentrations for both soil (5685±4010<!-- --> <!-- -->μg<!-- --> <!-- -->kg<sup>-1</sup>) and litterfall (4971±703<!-- --> <!-- -->μg<!-- --> <!-- -->kg<sup>-1</sup>) were found in beech forest, underlying litter decomposition role in Hg translocation to organic soil.Estimates of plant biomass allowed the calculations of potential Hg release under three hypothetical wildfire scenarios. A severe wildfire consuming plant biomass, litterfall, and soil could release over 2<!-- --> <!-- -->kg Hg ha<sup>-1</sup> in pure beech forests. Specific contributions were estimated (as average) to 8<!-- --> <!-- -->g Hg ha<sup>-1</sup> for litterfall, 28<!-- --> <!-- -->g Hg ha<sup>-1</sup> for aboveground plant biomass, and 1063<!-- --> <!-- -->g Hg ha<sup>-1</sup> for top-soil.The study provides new insights into the Hg cycle and the impact of wildfires in the Mediterranean area, with implications for environmental management and human health.","PeriodicalId":361,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hazardous Materials","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.6,"publicationDate":"2025-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145728920","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-12DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2025.140814
Kaiwen Tan, Fangfang Deng, Li Lin, Feng Lin, Peng Lin
To understand the bioaccumulation characteristics of radionuclides and assess radiation dose to marine organisms, this study investigated the activity distribution and bioaccumulation characteristics of five key radionuclides, Tritium, Carbon-14, Strontium-90, Cesium-137, and Radium-226 (3H, 14C, 90Sr, 137Cs and 226Ra), in seawater and marine organisms in the coastal regions of Ningde, southeastern China. The radiation dose to five categories of marine organisms (fish, crustaceans, mollusks, bivalves, and macroalgae) from these radionuclides was assessed with the ERICA (Environmental Risk from Ionising Contaminants: Assessment and Management) tool 2.0. The results showed that 14C exhibited enrichment (Trophic Magnification Factor, TMF=1.18) with increasing trophic levels, which can be attributed to its active incorporation into biomolecules through metabolic processes. In contrast, 90Sr showed a dilution effect (TMF=0.58), likely due to its regulation as a calcium analogue rather than active assimilation. Other radionuclides showed no significant variation across trophic levels. Additionally, crustaceans showed the highest bioaccumulation capacity for 226Ra (bioaccumulation factor, BAF=261.03–307.29 L/kg). Radiation dose of the five radionuclides to organisms ranged from 3.08×10-7 to 0.13 µGy/h, with an average of 9.10×10-3 µGy/h. This was far below the ERICA ecosystem screening limit of 10 μGy/h.
{"title":"Trophic Transfer and Radiation Dose Assessment of Radionuclides in Biota from Southeastern Coastal China","authors":"Kaiwen Tan, Fangfang Deng, Li Lin, Feng Lin, Peng Lin","doi":"10.1016/j.jhazmat.2025.140814","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2025.140814","url":null,"abstract":"To understand the bioaccumulation characteristics of radionuclides and assess radiation dose to marine organisms, this study investigated the activity distribution and bioaccumulation characteristics of five key radionuclides, Tritium, Carbon-14, Strontium-90, Cesium-137, and Radium-226 (<sup>3</sup>H, <sup>14</sup>C, <sup>90</sup>Sr, <sup>137</sup>Cs and <sup>226</sup>Ra), in seawater and marine organisms in the coastal regions of Ningde, southeastern China. The radiation dose to five categories of marine organisms (fish, crustaceans, mollusks, bivalves, and macroalgae) from these radionuclides was assessed with the ERICA (Environmental Risk from Ionising Contaminants: Assessment and Management) tool 2.0. The results showed that <sup>14</sup>C exhibited enrichment (Trophic Magnification Factor, TMF=1.18) with increasing trophic levels, which can be attributed to its active incorporation into biomolecules through metabolic processes. In contrast, <sup>90</sup>Sr showed a dilution effect (TMF=0.58), likely due to its regulation as a calcium analogue rather than active assimilation. Other radionuclides showed no significant variation across trophic levels. Additionally, crustaceans showed the highest bioaccumulation capacity for <sup>226</sup>Ra (bioaccumulation factor, BAF=261.03–307.29<!-- --> <!-- -->L/kg). Radiation dose of the five radionuclides to organisms ranged from 3.08×10<sup>-7</sup> to 0.13 µGy/h, with an average of 9.10×10<sup>-3</sup> µGy/h. This was far below the ERICA ecosystem screening limit of 10 μGy/h.","PeriodicalId":361,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hazardous Materials","volume":"147 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.6,"publicationDate":"2025-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145728913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Unveiling modified montmorillonite enhancing the remediation ability of biochar for phthalate ester and Cd co-contaminated soil using an explainable machine learning approach","authors":"Wenjie Li, Xuwen Chen, Wanting Ling, Chao Qin, Yanzheng Gao","doi":"10.1016/j.jhazmat.2025.140810","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2025.140810","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":361,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hazardous Materials","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.6,"publicationDate":"2025-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145731263","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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