Pub Date : 2026-03-13DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2026.141770
Estela D. Vicente, Yago Cipoli, Isabella Charres, Teresa Nunes, Mário Cerqueira, Manuel Feliciano, Nuria Galindo, Eduardo Yubero, Célia Alves, Jiří Ryšavý
{"title":"Bioethanol Fireplaces as Indoor Pollution Sources: The Role of Burner Design and Fuel Type","authors":"Estela D. Vicente, Yago Cipoli, Isabella Charres, Teresa Nunes, Mário Cerqueira, Manuel Feliciano, Nuria Galindo, Eduardo Yubero, Célia Alves, Jiří Ryšavý","doi":"10.1016/j.jhazmat.2026.141770","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2026.141770","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":361,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hazardous Materials","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.6,"publicationDate":"2026-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147448226","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-03-13DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2026.141753
Radhouan Belgacem El Zrelli, Jessica K. Klar, Ahlem Hcine, Sylvie Castet, Michel Grégoire, Claudie Josse, Faouzi Attia, Pierre Courjault-Radé, Sébastien Fabre
The present study provides a comprehensive physico-chemical characterization and an integrated screening-level assessment of environmental and human health risks associated with “bentogypsum” (BG), a phosphoric acid purification residue generated by the phosphate fertilizer industry in Gabes (SE Tunisia) and stocked in open-air stockpiles. BG is identified as a fine-grained, low-density, and highly acidic solid waste dominated by calcium phosphate minerals (gypsum, bassanite, and anhydrite), with additional fluoride-bearing phases and a complex microstructure. Geochemical analyses reveal elevated concentrations of potentially toxic metal/metalloid elements, notably cadmium, arsenic, lead, chromium and uranium. On-site environmental risk assessment consistently indicates extremely high levels of contamination, largely exceeding commonly accepted screening thresholds. On-site human health risk assessment further highlights significant non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic risks for population living nearby the BG stockpiles, with children identified as the most vulnerable group. Oral ingestion is the dominant exposure pathway, and cadmium represents the main contributor to both, non-cancer and cancer risks. Taken together, these results demonstrate that BG cannot be considered an inert industrial by-product and should be classified as a hazardous waste. Further, the current open-air storage conditions on degraded containment infrastructures constitutes a major source of ongoing environmental dispersion and human exposure. This study emphasizes the urgent need for improved management, containment, and treatment strategies for bentogypsum, while providing a scientific basis for risk-based decision-making and future investigations at similar industrial sites worldwide.
{"title":"“Bentogypsum”, a phosphoric acid purification residue: characterization and implications for environmental and human health risk in Gabes (SE Tunisia)","authors":"Radhouan Belgacem El Zrelli, Jessica K. Klar, Ahlem Hcine, Sylvie Castet, Michel Grégoire, Claudie Josse, Faouzi Attia, Pierre Courjault-Radé, Sébastien Fabre","doi":"10.1016/j.jhazmat.2026.141753","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2026.141753","url":null,"abstract":"The present study provides a comprehensive physico-chemical characterization and an integrated screening-level assessment of environmental and human health risks associated with “bentogypsum” (BG), a phosphoric acid purification residue generated by the phosphate fertilizer industry in Gabes (SE Tunisia) and stocked in open-air stockpiles. BG is identified as a fine-grained, low-density, and highly acidic solid waste dominated by calcium phosphate minerals (gypsum, bassanite, and anhydrite), with additional fluoride-bearing phases and a complex microstructure. Geochemical analyses reveal elevated concentrations of potentially toxic metal/metalloid elements, notably cadmium, arsenic, lead, chromium and uranium. On-site environmental risk assessment consistently indicates extremely high levels of contamination, largely exceeding commonly accepted screening thresholds. On-site human health risk assessment further highlights significant non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic risks for population living nearby the BG stockpiles, with children identified as the most vulnerable group. Oral ingestion is the dominant exposure pathway, and cadmium represents the main contributor to both, non-cancer and cancer risks. Taken together, these results demonstrate that BG cannot be considered an inert industrial by-product and should be classified as a hazardous waste. Further, the current open-air storage conditions on degraded containment infrastructures constitutes a major source of ongoing environmental dispersion and human exposure. This study emphasizes the urgent need for improved management, containment, and treatment strategies for bentogypsum, while providing a scientific basis for risk-based decision-making and future investigations at similar industrial sites worldwide.","PeriodicalId":361,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hazardous Materials","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.6,"publicationDate":"2026-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147440286","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Uncovering Hidden PFAS Burden in Canadian Fish: A Direct Total Oxidizable Precursor (dTOP) Assay Approach","authors":"Chenyang Zhang, Dinh Quoc Tuc, Magali Houde, Sébastien Sauvé, Jinxia Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.jhazmat.2026.141751","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2026.141751","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":361,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hazardous Materials","volume":"241 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.6,"publicationDate":"2026-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147448013","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-03-12DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2026.141725
Daniele Pedretti, Marco Masetti, Lucia Cavalca
Tier-3 human health risk assessments for groundwater contamination typically rely on numerical models with time-invariant parameters. However, when physical and biochemical properties evolve in time, parameters must be dynamically updated, but no integrated tool with this capability has been presented so far. To fill this gap, a tool called TRANSRISKRT3D was developed to incorporate time-varying first-order reaction rates into the multispecies reactive transport model RT3D for transient Tier-3 analysis. We applied it to an alluvial aquifer contaminated by chlorinated solvents. Initially managed with pump-and-treat, the site later transitioned to sequential in-situ bioremediation, significantly enhancing contaminant removal in certain areas. Considering volatile organic compounds inhalation risk over a defined exposure period, TRANSRISKRT3D captured how evolving remediation strategies influence spatio-temporal risk dynamics. Scenario analyses showed that early implementation of in-situ bioremediation would have halved the area with “unacceptable” risk levels ( > 10⁻⁴), underlining the importance of timing in remediation planning.
{"title":"An integrated transient Tier-3 human health risk assessment framework based on multispecies reactive transport modelling","authors":"Daniele Pedretti, Marco Masetti, Lucia Cavalca","doi":"10.1016/j.jhazmat.2026.141725","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2026.141725","url":null,"abstract":"Tier-3 human health risk assessments for groundwater contamination typically rely on numerical models with time-invariant parameters. However, when physical and biochemical properties evolve in time, parameters must be dynamically updated, but no integrated tool with this capability has been presented so far. To fill this gap, a tool called TRANSRISKRT3D was developed to incorporate time-varying first-order reaction rates into the multispecies reactive transport model RT3D for transient Tier-3 analysis. We applied it to an alluvial aquifer contaminated by chlorinated solvents. Initially managed with pump-and-treat, the site later transitioned to sequential in-situ bioremediation, significantly enhancing contaminant removal in certain areas. Considering volatile organic compounds inhalation risk over a defined exposure period, TRANSRISKRT3D captured how evolving remediation strategies influence spatio-temporal risk dynamics. Scenario analyses showed that early implementation of in-situ bioremediation would have halved the area with “unacceptable” risk levels (<span><span style=\"\"></span><span data-mathml='<math xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"><mi is=\"true\">R</mi></math>' role=\"presentation\" style=\"font-size: 90%; display: inline-block; position: relative;\" tabindex=\"0\"><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" height=\"1.971ex\" role=\"img\" style=\"vertical-align: -0.235ex;\" viewbox=\"0 -747.2 759.5 848.5\" width=\"1.764ex\" xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\"><g fill=\"currentColor\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"0\" transform=\"matrix(1 0 0 -1 0 0)\"><g is=\"true\"><use xlink:href=\"#MJMATHI-52\"></use></g></g></svg><span role=\"presentation\"><math xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"><mi is=\"true\">R</mi></math></span></span><script type=\"math/mml\"><math><mi is=\"true\">R</mi></math></script></span> > 10⁻⁴), underlining the importance of timing in remediation planning.","PeriodicalId":361,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hazardous Materials","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.6,"publicationDate":"2026-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147440308","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-03-12DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2026.141719
Fredric Södergren Seilitz, Ayan Au Musse, Nathalie Struwe, Andi Alijagic, Anna Kärrman, Arslan Hashmi, Thanh Wang, Magnus Engwall, Maria Larsson
This study applied a virtual effect-directed analysis (vEDA) approach, integrating effect-based analysis and chemical screening, to identify bioactive compounds in rubber infill from artificial turf. Bioreporter assays targeting diverse toxicological endpoints were selected to detect a wide range of potential endocrine-disrupting and genotoxic compounds. Of 21 samples, all except one showed aryl-hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) activity (14-31,400 ng benzo[a]pyrene equivalents/g), four induced p53 activity (0.04-0.86 µg actinomycin D equivalents/g) and two showed estrogen receptor α (ERα) activity (530 and 1020 pg estradiol equivalents/g). Chemical analysis quantified up to 87 polycyclic aromatic compounds (PAC) and gas chromatography high-resolution mass spectrometry-based suspect screening yielded 281 tentative identifications. Annotation with bioassay activity data from databases and predictive models revealed 29 AhR-, 32 ERα- and 18 p53-active compounds. Univariate analysis was used to prioritize compounds for further chemical and toxicological confirmation. Eighteen AhR agonists were confirmed, contributing 0-98% to the observed AhR activity in the samples. Phenylamine additives, detected at high concentrations, exhibited low AhR activating potency and contributed <1%. In contrast, methylated chrysene isomers elicited relatively high potencies and contributed substantially (≤65%) to the observed AhR activity. N-Isopropyl-N′-phenyl-p-phenylenediamine (IPPD) was confirmed as p53 active and explained ~50% of the observed activity in the most p53-active sample. Styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR) showed higher AhR- and p53 activities and concentrations of quantified compounds than the alternative materials. The study highlights differences in chemical hazards among rubber infill materials and demonstrates the utility of vEDA as an early-warning tool for identifying compounds of concern.
{"title":"Virtual effect-directed analysis of granulated rubber identifies bioactive chemicals and distinct hazard profiles","authors":"Fredric Södergren Seilitz, Ayan Au Musse, Nathalie Struwe, Andi Alijagic, Anna Kärrman, Arslan Hashmi, Thanh Wang, Magnus Engwall, Maria Larsson","doi":"10.1016/j.jhazmat.2026.141719","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2026.141719","url":null,"abstract":"This study applied a virtual effect-directed analysis (vEDA) approach, integrating effect-based analysis and chemical screening, to identify bioactive compounds in rubber infill from artificial turf. Bioreporter assays targeting diverse toxicological endpoints were selected to detect a wide range of potential endocrine-disrupting and genotoxic compounds. Of 21 samples, all except one showed aryl-hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) activity (14-31,400<!-- --> <!-- -->ng benzo[a]pyrene equivalents/g), four induced p53 activity (0.04-0.86<!-- --> <!-- -->µg actinomycin D equivalents/g) and two showed estrogen receptor α (ERα) activity (530 and 1020<!-- --> <!-- -->pg estradiol equivalents/g). Chemical analysis quantified up to 87 polycyclic aromatic compounds (PAC) and gas chromatography high-resolution mass spectrometry-based suspect screening yielded 281 tentative identifications. Annotation with bioassay activity data from databases and predictive models revealed 29 AhR-, 32 ERα- and 18 p53-active compounds. Univariate analysis was used to prioritize compounds for further chemical and toxicological confirmation. Eighteen AhR agonists were confirmed, contributing 0-98% to the observed AhR activity in the samples. Phenylamine additives, detected at high concentrations, exhibited low AhR activating potency and contributed <1%. In contrast, methylated chrysene isomers elicited relatively high potencies and contributed substantially (≤65%) to the observed AhR activity. N-Isopropyl-N′-phenyl-p-phenylenediamine (IPPD) was confirmed as p53 active and explained ~50% of the observed activity in the most p53-active sample. Styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR) showed higher AhR- and p53 activities and concentrations of quantified compounds than the alternative materials. The study highlights differences in chemical hazards among rubber infill materials and demonstrates the utility of vEDA as an early-warning tool for identifying compounds of concern.","PeriodicalId":361,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hazardous Materials","volume":"93 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.6,"publicationDate":"2026-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147440305","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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