Pub Date : 2026-02-02DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2026.141346
Minkyeong Seong, Hyo Gyeom Kim, Byeongchan Yun, Minjeong Kim, Jung-Woo Kim, Heewon Jeong, Soobin Kim, Jin Hwi Kim, Kyung Hwa Cho
Accurate long-term prediction of groundwater flow and radionuclide transport is critical for assessing the safety of deep geological disposal systems. This study proposes a hybrid modeling framework that integrates a numerical model with a deep learning approach to improve the predictive accuracy and computational efficiency. Outputs from the adaptive process-based total system performance assessment framework (APro-BIO) model, including water level, surface water flow, groundwater recharge, groundwater discharge (GWD), groundwater flow velocity, groundwater level, and radionuclide transport (RNT), together with van Genuchten parameters, were used as input features. Monthly groundwater discharge and radionuclide transport simulated by HydroGeoSphere (HGS) served as target variables, and a graph convolutional long short-term memory (GC-LSTM) model was trained to capture spatial and temporal dependencies. Model performance was evaluated against that of HGS, representing coupled saturated–unsaturated flow. The GC-LSTM achieved Kling–Gupta Efficiency values of 0.67–0.85 for GWD and 0.60–0.81 for RNT and reduced discrepancies relative to that of APro-BIO by up to 99%. The model effectively reproduced temporal variability while reducing computational cost. Explainable AI analysis identified the van Genuchten β parameter as the most influential feature. These results demonstrate that the proposed framework provides an efficient and reliable alternative for long-term GWD and RNT prediction under computational constraints.
{"title":"Hybrid Deep Learning–Numerical Modeling Framework for Long-Term Prediction of Groundwater Discharge and Radionuclide Transport","authors":"Minkyeong Seong, Hyo Gyeom Kim, Byeongchan Yun, Minjeong Kim, Jung-Woo Kim, Heewon Jeong, Soobin Kim, Jin Hwi Kim, Kyung Hwa Cho","doi":"10.1016/j.jhazmat.2026.141346","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2026.141346","url":null,"abstract":"Accurate long-term prediction of groundwater flow and radionuclide transport is critical for assessing the safety of deep geological disposal systems. This study proposes a hybrid modeling framework that integrates a numerical model with a deep learning approach to improve the predictive accuracy and computational efficiency. Outputs from the adaptive process-based total system performance assessment framework (APro-BIO) model, including water level, surface water flow, groundwater recharge, groundwater discharge (GWD), groundwater flow velocity, groundwater level, and radionuclide transport (RNT), together with van Genuchten parameters, were used as input features. Monthly groundwater discharge and radionuclide transport simulated by HydroGeoSphere (HGS) served as target variables, and a graph convolutional long short-term memory (GC-LSTM) model was trained to capture spatial and temporal dependencies. Model performance was evaluated against that of HGS, representing coupled saturated–unsaturated flow. The GC-LSTM achieved Kling–Gupta Efficiency values of 0.67–0.85 for GWD and 0.60–0.81 for RNT and reduced discrepancies relative to that of APro-BIO by up to 99%. The model effectively reproduced temporal variability while reducing computational cost. Explainable AI analysis identified the van Genuchten β parameter as the most influential feature. These results demonstrate that the proposed framework provides an efficient and reliable alternative for long-term GWD and RNT prediction under computational constraints.","PeriodicalId":361,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hazardous Materials","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.6,"publicationDate":"2026-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146101909","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-02-02DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2026.141340
Ruxue Bai, Ying Huang, Qingqing Zhang, Xinyi Hu, Sihang Li, Yumei Xian, Min Li, Cherdchai Phosri, Haihua Wang, Zhenyu Li
Membrane fouling caused by oil droplets and organic contaminants remains a significant challenge in food oily wastewater treatment. Inspired by nacre’s architecture, a superhydrophilic PVDF-PCT-Cu membrane was fabricated via a combination of deposition with polydopamine, carboxymethyl chitosan and tetrabutyl titanate and mineralization with Cu2+. The membrane exhibited superhydrophilicity (water contact angle: 0°) and underwater superoleophobicity (underwater oil contact angle: 152.65° ± 0.88°). It achieves high permeation fluxes (290.20 - 342.71 L m-2 h-1) and separation efficiency (98.34 - 99.78%) for four oil/water emulsions (soybean oil, corn oil, blended oil, and rapeseed oil). PVDF-PCT-Cu membrane also demonstrated excellent antioilfouling performance (flux recovery rate: 91.19%), chemical stability across acidic, alkaline, and saline conditions, and strong antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. In treating actual food oily wastewater, PVDF-PCT-Cu membrane achieved over 90.87% separation efficiency, significantly reducing pollutants and improving clarity, showing great potential for food oily wastewater treatment.
油滴和有机污染物引起的膜污染是食品含油废水处理的一个重要挑战。受珍珠质结构的启发，通过聚多巴胺、羧甲基壳聚糖和钛酸四丁酯的沉积以及Cu2+的矿化，制备了超亲水性PVDF-PCT-Cu膜。该膜具有超亲水性（水接触角为0°）和水下超疏油性（水下油接触角为152.65°±0.88°）。对豆油、玉米油、混合油、菜籽油等4种油水乳剂具有较高的渗透通量（290.20 ~ 342.71 L m-2 h-1）和分离效率（98.34 ~ 99.78%）。PVDF-PCT-Cu膜还具有优异的抗油垢性能（通量回收率为91.19%），在酸性、碱性和生理盐水条件下具有化学稳定性，对大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌具有很强的抗菌活性。在实际的食品含油废水处理中，PVDF-PCT-Cu膜的分离效率达到90.87%以上，显著降低了污染物，提高了透明度，在食品含油废水处理中具有很大的潜力。
{"title":"Nacre-Inspired Mineral-Hydrogel PVDF Membrane with Superhydrophilicity, Antifouling and Antimicrobial Properties for Food Oily Wastewater Treatment","authors":"Ruxue Bai, Ying Huang, Qingqing Zhang, Xinyi Hu, Sihang Li, Yumei Xian, Min Li, Cherdchai Phosri, Haihua Wang, Zhenyu Li","doi":"10.1016/j.jhazmat.2026.141340","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2026.141340","url":null,"abstract":"Membrane fouling caused by oil droplets and organic contaminants remains a significant challenge in food oily wastewater treatment. Inspired by nacre’s architecture, a superhydrophilic PVDF-PCT-Cu membrane was fabricated via a combination of deposition with polydopamine, carboxymethyl chitosan and tetrabutyl titanate and mineralization with Cu<sup>2+</sup>. The membrane exhibited superhydrophilicity (water contact angle: 0°) and underwater superoleophobicity (underwater oil contact angle: 152.65° ± 0.88°). It achieves high permeation fluxes (290.20 - 342.71<!-- --> <!-- -->L<!-- --> <!-- -->m<sup>-2</sup> h<sup>-1</sup>) and separation efficiency (98.34 - 99.78%) for four oil/water emulsions (soybean oil, corn oil, blended oil, and rapeseed oil). PVDF-PCT-Cu membrane also demonstrated excellent antioilfouling performance (flux recovery rate: 91.19%), chemical stability across acidic, alkaline, and saline conditions, and strong antimicrobial activity against <em>Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus</em>. In treating actual food oily wastewater, PVDF-PCT-Cu membrane achieved over 90.87% separation efficiency, significantly reducing pollutants and improving clarity, showing great potential for food oily wastewater treatment.","PeriodicalId":361,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hazardous Materials","volume":"57 6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.6,"publicationDate":"2026-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146098187","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-02-02DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2026.141329
Ping Chen, Peng Li, Dong Zhang, Yiliang He
{"title":"Light intensity drives the antibiotic resistome in plant-soil systems through plant-microbe molecular-metabolic networks and microbial community assembly","authors":"Ping Chen, Peng Li, Dong Zhang, Yiliang He","doi":"10.1016/j.jhazmat.2026.141329","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2026.141329","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":361,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hazardous Materials","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.6,"publicationDate":"2026-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146110290","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-02-02DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2026.141355
Aleksandra Cichecka, Dominika Saniewska, Patrycja Płońska, Iga Nehring, Piotr Paneth, Michał Saniewski
{"title":"Mercury in Antarctic vegetation as an indicator of uptake routes and bioavailable forms","authors":"Aleksandra Cichecka, Dominika Saniewska, Patrycja Płońska, Iga Nehring, Piotr Paneth, Michał Saniewski","doi":"10.1016/j.jhazmat.2026.141355","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2026.141355","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":361,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hazardous Materials","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.6,"publicationDate":"2026-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146110293","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-02-02DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2026.141347
Linheng Chen, Keying Zheng, Yibing Ma, Dong Zhu, Yang Wu, Tongxu Liu, Songxiong Zhong, Ying Li
Rapid global climate change causes seawater intrusion (SWI) and soil salinization, significantly altering the environmental behavior of heavy metals. However, the toxicity and related mechanisms of heavy metals under such conditions remain unclear. Herein, the effects of salinity and independent salt ions on the toxicity of hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) to barley root elongation were systematically investigated and an optimized biotic ligand model (BLM) was developed for Cr(VI) phytotoxicity prediction. The results reveal a nonlinear salinity-dependent Cr(VI) phytotoxicity. Specifically, toxicity decreases by 30% as the salinity increases from 0.05‰ to 1‰, and reaches a minimum at 1‰, but increases up to 3-fold at high salinity (8‰). This transition is attributed to the opposite effects of sulfate (SO42-) and chloride (Cl-) ions, as univariate experiments demonstrate that SO42- substantially inhibits Cr(VI) phytotoxicity, while Cl- exhibits a synergistic effect. Thus, the optimized Cr(VI)-BLM (R2 = 0.95, RMSE = 7.71%) was developed by incorporating the effects of salt ions (SO42- and Cl-) and main toxic Cr(VI) species (chromate (CrO42-) and sodium chromate (NaCrO4-)), achieving substantially improved prediction accuracy compared with the traditional free ion activity model (FIAM) (R2 = 0.87, RMSE = 12.53%). Furthermore, the optimized Cr(VI)-BLM was applied to quantify the toxic potency of different Cr(VI) species (CrO42-, hydrogen chromate (HCrO4-), and NaCrO4-) and confirm main toxic Cr(VI) species shifts from CrO42- to NaCrO4- with increasing salinity. These findings provide a critical theoretical foundation for ecological risk assessment of Cr(VI) in coastal areas under climate-induced SWI and soil salinization.
{"title":"A promising biotic ligand model for predicting the phytotoxicity of hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) during seawater intrusion: Roles of sulfate, chloride, and Cr(VI) species","authors":"Linheng Chen, Keying Zheng, Yibing Ma, Dong Zhu, Yang Wu, Tongxu Liu, Songxiong Zhong, Ying Li","doi":"10.1016/j.jhazmat.2026.141347","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2026.141347","url":null,"abstract":"Rapid global climate change causes seawater intrusion (SWI) and soil salinization, significantly altering the environmental behavior of heavy metals. However, the toxicity and related mechanisms of heavy metals under such conditions remain unclear. Herein, the effects of salinity and independent salt ions on the toxicity of hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) to barley root elongation were systematically investigated and an optimized biotic ligand model (BLM) was developed for Cr(VI) phytotoxicity prediction. The results reveal a nonlinear salinity-dependent Cr(VI) phytotoxicity. Specifically, toxicity decreases by 30% as the salinity increases from 0.05‰ to 1‰, and reaches a minimum at 1‰, but increases up to 3-fold at high salinity (8‰). This transition is attributed to the opposite effects of sulfate (SO<sub>4</sub><sup>2-</sup>) and chloride (Cl<sup>-</sup>) ions, as univariate experiments demonstrate that SO<sub>4</sub><sup>2-</sup> substantially inhibits Cr(VI) phytotoxicity, while Cl<sup>-</sup> exhibits a synergistic effect. Thus, the optimized Cr(VI)-BLM (<em>R</em><sup>2</sup> = 0.95, RMSE = 7.71%) was developed by incorporating the effects of salt ions (SO<sub>4</sub><sup>2-</sup> and Cl<sup>-</sup>) and main toxic Cr(VI) species (chromate (CrO<sub>4</sub><sup>2-</sup>) and sodium chromate (NaCrO<sub>4</sub><sup>-</sup>)), achieving substantially improved prediction accuracy compared with the traditional free ion activity model (FIAM) (<em>R</em><sup>2</sup> = 0.87, RMSE = 12.53%). Furthermore, the optimized Cr(VI)-BLM was applied to quantify the toxic potency of different Cr(VI) species (CrO<sub>4</sub><sup>2-</sup>, hydrogen chromate (HCrO<sub>4</sub><sup>-</sup>), and NaCrO<sub>4</sub><sup>-</sup>) and confirm main toxic Cr(VI) species shifts from CrO<sub>4</sub><sup>2-</sup> to NaCrO<sub>4</sub><sup>-</sup> with increasing salinity. These findings provide a critical theoretical foundation for ecological risk assessment of Cr(VI) in coastal areas under climate-induced SWI and soil salinization.","PeriodicalId":361,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hazardous Materials","volume":"94 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.6,"publicationDate":"2026-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146101912","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-02-02DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2026.141333
Pei Su, Idrees Ur Rehma, Wanyu Wang, Xiaoming Lou, Yiyao Cao, Lei Xu
Technetium-99 (99Tc) contamination in marine environment is garnering increasing global concern, primarily due to its increasing releases from nuclear-contaminated water and spent fuel reprocessing activities. 99Tc with long half-life predominantly exists as TcO₄⁻ in marine environment, having high solubility and strong mobility in seawater, posing a serious risk to marine ecosystems. Although pollution status and accumulation behaviors of 99Tc in marine organisms have been reported, they have great limitations regarding the specific accumulation and transfer mechanisms within marine food chain. Herein, we critically synthesized the sources, geochemical distribution, transport behaviors, and biological transfer of 99Tc in marine environments, with emphasis on the microbially mediated redox processes that regulate the fate and bioavailability of 99Tc. We showed that the Irish Sea was among the ocean regions most impacted by 99Tc contamination and its concentration was up to 550 mBq L⁻¹. Additionally, we had reviewed the research achievements of 99Tc distribution in marine ecosystems, focusing on its bioaccumulation mechanisms in marine organisms like brown algae, holding the highest distribution concentration of 99Tc (19,700 Bq kg⁻¹). Notably, trophic transfer efficiency (TTE) and food chain transfer factor (FCTF) values were defined to evaluate the food-web transfer behaviors of 99Tc among different marine species. The highest TTE value (31.65%) was observed in the transfer from crustaceans to mollusks, while the highest FCTF value (49.86%) was found in the transfer from brown algae to crustacean. Future perspectives were also proposed for advancing the deep understanding of 99Tc contamination in marine ecosystems.
{"title":"Technetium-99: Sources, Transport, Bioaccumulation, and Trophic Transfer in Marine Ecosystem","authors":"Pei Su, Idrees Ur Rehma, Wanyu Wang, Xiaoming Lou, Yiyao Cao, Lei Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.jhazmat.2026.141333","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2026.141333","url":null,"abstract":"Technetium-99 (<sup>99</sup>Tc) contamination in marine environment is garnering increasing global concern, primarily due to its increasing releases from nuclear-contaminated water and spent fuel reprocessing activities. <sup>99</sup>Tc with long half-life predominantly exists as TcO₄⁻ in marine environment, having high solubility and strong mobility in seawater, posing a serious risk to marine ecosystems. Although pollution status and accumulation behaviors of <sup>99</sup>Tc in marine organisms have been reported, they have great limitations regarding the specific accumulation and transfer mechanisms within marine food chain. Herein, we critically synthesized the sources, geochemical distribution, transport behaviors, and biological transfer of <sup>99</sup>Tc in marine environments, with emphasis on the microbially mediated redox processes that regulate the fate and bioavailability of <sup>99</sup>Tc. We showed that the Irish Sea was among the ocean regions most impacted by <sup>99</sup>Tc contamination and its concentration was up to 550<!-- --> <!-- -->mBq<!-- --> <!-- -->L⁻¹. Additionally, we had reviewed the research achievements of <sup>99</sup>Tc distribution in marine ecosystems, focusing on its bioaccumulation mechanisms in marine organisms like brown algae, holding the highest distribution concentration of <sup>99</sup>Tc (19,700<!-- --> <!-- -->Bq<!-- --> <!-- -->kg⁻¹). Notably, trophic transfer efficiency (TTE) and food chain transfer factor (FCTF) values were defined to evaluate the food-web transfer behaviors of <sup>99</sup>Tc among different marine species. The highest TTE value (31.65%) was observed in the transfer from crustaceans to mollusks, while the highest FCTF value (49.86%) was found in the transfer from brown algae to crustacean. Future perspectives were also proposed for advancing the deep understanding of <sup>99</sup>Tc contamination in marine ecosystems.","PeriodicalId":361,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hazardous Materials","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.6,"publicationDate":"2026-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146101914","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-02-02DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2026.141334
Tra My Bui Thi, Tao Chen, Tao Luo, Jean-François Boily, Khalil Hanna
{"title":"Soil mineral-mediated controls on Mn(III) oxidative reactivity","authors":"Tra My Bui Thi, Tao Chen, Tao Luo, Jean-François Boily, Khalil Hanna","doi":"10.1016/j.jhazmat.2026.141334","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2026.141334","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":361,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hazardous Materials","volume":"90 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.6,"publicationDate":"2026-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146110860","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-02-02DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2026.141343
Mian Jawaduddin, Zhaoyang Su, Sajid Rashid, Muhammad Saboor Siddique, Nigel Graham, Wenzheng Yu
{"title":"PFAS-Driven Modulation of Algal Organic Matter Enhances Dissolved Organic Matter Reactivity and Disinfection By-Product Formation: Mechanistic Elucidation via Multi-Spectroscopic Analysis, and Mitigation by Coagulation and Nanofiltration","authors":"Mian Jawaduddin, Zhaoyang Su, Sajid Rashid, Muhammad Saboor Siddique, Nigel Graham, Wenzheng Yu","doi":"10.1016/j.jhazmat.2026.141343","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2026.141343","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":361,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hazardous Materials","volume":"398 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.6,"publicationDate":"2026-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146110294","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-02-02DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2026.141360
Furong Yu, Ao Li, Rui Li, Lin Wu, Deng Pan
Elucidating the formation mechanism of geogenic contaminated groundwater (GCG), mainly polluted by arsenic (As), fluorine (F) and iodine (I), is crucial for elucidating relevant processes and improving water quality. The study focused on the Huang-Huai-Hai Plain in Henan Province, China, using 484 groundwater samples collected repeatedly from 2020 to 2022 combined with hydrogeochemical analysis and Positive Matrix Factorization (PMF) to identify GCG characteristics, controlling mechanisms, and health risks. Results indicated that the groundwater ranged from weakly acidic to alkaline, with confined water being predominantly weakly alkaline to alkaline, and exhibited high salinity. Groundwater with high concentrations of As, F, and I was predominantly found in alluvial and fluvial zones. Groundwater chemical composition is affected by evaporation and water-rock interaction, and the primary types of low-quality groundwater are mainly the evaporation-concentration and burial-dissolution types. Spatial analysis indicates the distribution of As, F, and I poisoning villages corresponds with areas of high-As, high-F, and high-I groundwater. Groundwater pollution poses the highest non-carcinogenic risk for children, and high-As groundwater poses the highest carcinogenic risk to this group. Additionally, potential endemic goiter areas are mainly in the flood plain. These findings indicate that groundwater safety is intrinsically linked to endemic diseases. Mitigating health risks necessitates targeted groundwater treatment, prioritized monitoring of high-risk zones, and integrated management of GCG influences to ensure safe water access for vulnerable communities.
{"title":"From hydrogeochemical genesis to public health risk: unveiling the links between geogenic arsenic, fluoride, and iodine in groundwater","authors":"Furong Yu, Ao Li, Rui Li, Lin Wu, Deng Pan","doi":"10.1016/j.jhazmat.2026.141360","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2026.141360","url":null,"abstract":"Elucidating the formation mechanism of geogenic contaminated groundwater (GCG), mainly polluted by arsenic (As), fluorine (F) and iodine (I), is crucial for elucidating relevant processes and improving water quality. The study focused on the Huang-Huai-Hai Plain in Henan Province, China, using 484 groundwater samples collected repeatedly from 2020 to 2022 combined with hydrogeochemical analysis and Positive Matrix Factorization (PMF) to identify GCG characteristics, controlling mechanisms, and health risks. Results indicated that the groundwater ranged from weakly acidic to alkaline, with confined water being predominantly weakly alkaline to alkaline, and exhibited high salinity. Groundwater with high concentrations of As, F, and I was predominantly found in alluvial and fluvial zones. Groundwater chemical composition is affected by evaporation and water-rock interaction, and the primary types of low-quality groundwater are mainly the evaporation-concentration and burial-dissolution types. Spatial analysis indicates the distribution of As, F, and I poisoning villages corresponds with areas of high-As, high-F, and high-I groundwater. Groundwater pollution poses the highest non-carcinogenic risk for children, and high-As groundwater poses the highest carcinogenic risk to this group. Additionally, potential endemic goiter areas are mainly in the flood plain. These findings indicate that groundwater safety is intrinsically linked to endemic diseases. Mitigating health risks necessitates targeted groundwater treatment, prioritized monitoring of high-risk zones, and integrated management of GCG influences to ensure safe water access for vulnerable communities.","PeriodicalId":361,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hazardous Materials","volume":"87 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.6,"publicationDate":"2026-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146101910","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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