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Особенности действия нового регулятора роста Стивин на растения 新型植物生长调节器的特性
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.53040/9789975347204.57
Т. А. Рябчинская, Российская Федерация Фгбну «Всероссийский научно-исследовател обл, Татьяна Викторовна Зимина, И. Ю. Бобрешова
The main active ingredients and the results of studies of the mechanisms of action of the new polyfunctional biological product Stivin, created on the basis of natural plant components, are presented. It is shown that the main factor determining the direction and effectiveness of the preparation is the norm of its use. The economical patterns of plant responses to treatment with a growth regulator, depending on the dosage used, are revealed. The ambiguity of the effect preparation on the resistance of plants to various types of phytopathogens in individual crops, depending on the norm of use, has been established. The results of the effect of the drug on the productivity of the main crops, the factors that determine it, and the immune status of plants are also presented. The yield increase with a single use of the preparation reached 30 percent or more.
介绍了以天然植物成分为基础研制的新型多功能生物制品Stivin的主要活性成分及其作用机制的研究结果。结果表明,决定制剂方向和效果的主要因素是制剂的使用规范。揭示了植物对生长调节剂处理反应的经济模式,取决于所使用的剂量。根据不同的使用规范,制剂对不同作物对不同类型植物病原菌抗性的影响存在模糊性。还介绍了该药对主要作物产量的影响、决定其影响的因素以及植物的免疫状况。单次使用该制剂可使收率提高30%以上。
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引用次数: 0
Обзор фауны мух тахин виноградных агроценозов Дагестана
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.53040/9789975347204.14
Б. У. Мисриева, Дагестанскоe представительствo Ао, Щелково Агрохим
In the context of the intensive use of chemical plant protection products, the issue of ecologization is acute. The concept of environmental protection of grapes, as the most pesticidal crop, is based on the principles of managing the phytosanitary state of agrocenoses as a whole. At the same time, entomophages play a key role in the formation of a balanced self-regulating ecosystem. The development and application of the so-called biorational technologies with the predominant use of safe ecologically “soft” chemical plant protection products in the grape protection system is a prerequisite for activating a useful entomofauna. The targeted effect on the entomophage populations is based on phytosanitary monitoring, on their integration with pesticides. The article presents the results of many years of faunal studies of grape agrobiocenoses, reveals the most effective mechanisms for the regulation of dangerous bunching leaves and cotton scoops. Based on the original drawings, a morphological description of the most common species of tachy flies is given - Elodia tragica Mg., Pseudoperichaeta insidiosa, Tawnsendiellomyia nidicola.
在化学植保产品大量使用的背景下,生态问题十分突出。葡萄作为最具杀菌性的作物,其环保理念是建立在整体管理葡萄植物检疫状况的原则基础上的。同时,噬虫在形成平衡的自我调节生态系统中发挥着关键作用。在葡萄保护系统中,以安全的生态“软”化学植保产品为主的所谓生物技术的开发和应用,是激活有用昆虫区系的先决条件。对食虫种群的目标效应是基于植物检疫监测和它们与杀虫剂的结合。本文介绍了多年来葡萄农生菌的区系研究成果,揭示了对危险束叶和棉花勺的最有效调控机制。在原始图纸的基础上,给出了最常见的速蝇物种- Elodia tragica Mg的形态描述。,内皮假外皮菌;
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引用次数: 0
Studiul microscopic al trihomilor glandulari și nonglandulari la genotipuri de Lavandula Angustifolia Mill. ssp. Angustifolia
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.53040/9789975347204.63
Tatiana Calalb, Cornelia Fursenco, Maria Gonceariuc, Violeta Butnaras, Fiziologie si Protectie a Plantelor Republica Moldova Institutul de Genetica
The microscopic and citochemistry study denotes 3 types of glandular trichomes (peltate, capitates type I and type II), implicated in the synthesis of the metabolites, including volatile oils (with biological and protective role) and one type of non-glandular trichomes with the potential adaptive role to stressors in 7 new genotypes (4 cultivars – Moldoveanca 4, Vis Magic 10, Alba 7, Aroma Unica and 3 hybrids – Fr.5S8-24, Fr.8-5-15V and Cr.13S-6-7) of sp. Lavandula angustifolia Mill., spp. angustifolia. The degree of development and distribution mode of both types of trichomes (glandular and non-glandular) varies according organs (stem, leaf, bract, flower calyx and corolla) and genotype.
显微和显微化学研究表明,薰衣草的7个新基因型(Moldoveanca 4、Vis Magic 10、Alba 7、Aroma Unica 4个品种和3个杂交品种fr5s8 -24、fr8-5-15 v和cr13s -6-7)中存在3种腺状毛状体(peltate型、capitates型I和II型),它们参与了挥发油等代谢产物的合成(具有生物学和保护作用)和1种具有潜在胁迫适应作用的非腺状毛状体。,科。两种毛状体(腺状和非腺状)的发育程度和分布方式因器官(茎、叶、苞片、花萼和花冠)和基因型而异。
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引用次数: 0
Utilizarea capcanelor cu dispensor și lumină in scopul transmiterii pe orezontală a baculovrusurilor la dăunători
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.53040/9789975347204.24
Pantelimon Zavtoni
A positive role in the spread of viruses on the leaves can be played by parasitic and predatory insects, which come in contact with dead larvae, take over the polyhedra on their bodies and spread them in the host's biotope. Phytophagous insects were used for research: Mamestra brassicae and Heliothis armigera. As an experimental material served biological baculoviral preparations based on the genus Baculoviridae family that differ from other biological preparations, have an epizootic character and transmit the pathogen vertically and horizontally in decreasing populations of harmful insects from one generation to another through their selectivity.
寄生和掠食性昆虫对病毒在树叶上的传播起着积极的作用,它们与死去的幼虫接触,占据它们身体上的多面体,并在宿主的生物群落中传播。研究对象为植物食性昆虫:芸苔螟和棉铃虫。杆状病毒是杆状病毒科生物制剂的一种实验材料,它与其他生物制剂不同,具有动物传染病的特性,通过其选择性在有害昆虫的世代减少中垂直和水平传播病原体。
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引用次数: 0
Влияние биофунгицидов на развитие возбудителей альтернариоза картофеля 生物杀菌剂对马铃薯转化剂发育的影响
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.53040/9789975347204.55
Андрей Дмитриевич Мельник, Н. В. Кирик
The biological preparations: Planrise, Trychodermin, Phytodoctor on alternaria blight pathogen developing results were proposed. Their inhibiting action were proven by experimental way. The highest inhibiting growing was observed in variant with 10 % solution Planrise and Trychodermin. It was consisted of 25,0 and 29,0 mm, respectively.
介绍了植物制剂Planrise、Trychodermin、Phytodoctor对疫病病菌的防治效果。实验证实了它们的抑制作用。10%的拟栗草和地衣明溶液对植株生长的抑制作用最大。分别为25,0和29,0 mm。
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引用次数: 0
Changes in productivity and yield components in four field crops sown on damaged by frost crops of winter oilseed canola 冬季油菜籽冻害作物上四种大田作物的生产能力及产量组成的变化
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.53040/9789975347204.67
Delchev Grozi
During 2016 - 2018 was conducted a field experiment. On areas with damaged by frost winter oilseed canola, were sowed and 4 field crops: 1 chickpea cultivar - Kabule (Cicer arietinum L.); 1 forage pea cultivar - Mir (Pisum sativum L.); 1 milk thistle cultivar - Silmar (Silybum marianum Gaertn.); 1 coriander cultivar - Lozen (Coriandrum sativum L.). The same variants were planted on areas under conventional soil cultivation for each of these crops. After plowing of canola crops, it is more appropriate to sow chickpea in which weed control is carried out by soil treatment with herbicide Merlin flex, followed by foliar treatment with herbicide tank mixture Challenge + Shadow. After plowing areas with damaged by frost winter oilseed canola without any problems can be sown forage pea. Milk thistle and coriander are suitable crops for sowing on areas after damaged by frost winter oilseed canola. The differences in productivities and yield components of chickpea, forage pea, milk thistle and coriander, sown on damaged by frost areas of winter oilseed canola and in normal sowing, are small and mathematically unproven.
2016 - 2018年进行了田间试验。在冻害地区播种冬季油菜籽和4种大田作物:鹰嘴豆品种Kabule (Cicer arietinum L.);1 .饲用豌豆品种Mir (Pisum sativum L.);水飞蓟(Silybum marianum Gaertn.);1 .香菜品种——香菜(Coriandrum sativum L.)在这些作物的常规土壤种植区域种植了相同的变种。油菜籽作物翻耕后,宜播鹰嘴豆,采用除草剂“默林柔”土壤处理防杂草,叶面采用除草剂罐中混合液“挑战”+“阴影”处理。冬季霜害地区翻耕后无任何问题,可播饲用豌豆。水飞蓟和香菜适合在霜冻后地区播种。鹰嘴豆、饲料豌豆、水飞蓟和芫荽在冬季油菜籽霜冻区播种和正常播种时的产量和产量成分差异很小,在数学上未经证实。
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引用次数: 0
Sinteza componenților activi ai feromonilor sexuali sintetici a viermelui merelor (Cydia Pomonella L.) - E8,E10-dodecenol și a moliei strugurilor (Lobesia Botrana S.) - E7,Z9-dodecadienol şi componenții minori a acestora E-8-dodecenol și E-9-dodecenilacetat
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.53040/9789975347204.22
Vasilisa Odobescu, Svetlana Jalba, Natalia Raileanu, Vladimir Sleahtici
The aim of our study was the synthesis of the active components of the apple worm, Cydia pomonella L. - E8, E10-dodecenol and the grape moth, Lobesia botrana S. - E7, Z9-dodecadienol and their minor components E-8-dodecenol and E-9 -dodecenyl acetate. Different amounts of components were impregnated in each rubber dispenser. Pheromone traps was given to be tested in field monitoring trials to determine the most effective optimal pheromone blend ratio in the geographical and climatic conditions of the Republic of Moldova.
本研究的目的是合成苹果虫Cydia pomonella L. - E8、e10 -十二烯醇和葡萄蛾Lobesia botrana S. - E7、z9 -十二烯醇及其次要成分e -8-十二烯醇和E-9 -醋酸十二烯酯。在每个胶机中浸渍不同量的组分。信息素诱捕器将在实地监测试验中进行测试,以确定摩尔多瓦共和国地理和气候条件下最有效的信息素混合比例。
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引用次数: 0
Metode de monitorizare și combatere a dăunătorului molia minieră a tomatelor ( Tuta absoluta) în spațiile protejate
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.53040/9789975347204.23
Denis Savranschii, Vladimir Todiraș, Tatiana Tretiacova, Ana Gusan, Olga Hudeacova
Tuta absoluta comes from South America. In Europe it was reported for the first time in Spain in 2006. In Republic of Moldova, according to the literary sources, the tomato moth was reported for the first time in 2013 (in Chișinău). In the absence of some efficient prevention and combating measures of the Tuta absoluta pest it spread more and more, and became a pest of major concern for all the Moldavians farmers which deals with the cultivation of tomato crops in the protected areas. Following the phyto sanitary controls the most cases was found the central region of the country. For the monitoring of the tomato moth pest, in the protected area, was used the water universal trap, the ultraviolet light, the colored adhesive plates and sexual pheromones. As a chemical method of the tomato moth pest combating was used: the insecticide Afirm WG dose of 1. 50 kg/ha.
Tuta absoluta来自南美洲。在欧洲,2006年西班牙首次报道了这种情况。根据文献资料,在摩尔多瓦共和国,2013年首次报道了番茄蛾(Chișinău)。由于缺乏有效的预防和防治措施,这种害虫越来越多地蔓延,成为所有摩尔多瓦农民在保护区内种植番茄作物的一个主要问题。在实施植物检疫控制后,大多数病例发生在该国中部地区。采用水诱捕法、紫外灯法、彩色粘片法和性信息素法对保护区内的番茄蛾进行监测。采用化学方法对番茄蛾进行防治,剂量为1。50公斤/公顷。
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引用次数: 0
Activitatea biologica a tulpinilor autohtone de Bacillus Thuringiensis in combaterea gândacului din colorado
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.53040/9789975347204.25
Pantelimon Zavtoni, Ion Zavtoni
Entomopathogenic bacterial biopreparations have an important role in controlling harmful insects in agriculture, giving the possibility not to use dangerous pesticides and environmental pollution to minimize soil degradation; beneficial bacteria turn plant residues into organic fertilizers. In the control, the development of larvae increased from 109 to 221 larvae. And in the variant Bacillus thuringiensis 107 before processing there were 141, 6 larvae and after processing it dropped to 80, 6 larvae.
昆虫病原细菌生物修复在控制农业有害昆虫方面具有重要作用,使不使用危险农药和环境污染成为可能,以尽量减少土壤退化;有益细菌把植物残留物转化为有机肥料。对照组幼虫发育由109只增加到221只。变异菌株苏云金芽孢杆菌107加工前幼虫数为141.6只,加工后幼虫数为806只。
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引用次数: 0
Оценка воздействия препаратов на основе Bacillus Subtilis и Trichoderma Viride на фитосанитарную ситуацию в посевах и продуктивность яровой пшеницы в северной лесостепи Западной Сибири 根据西伯利亚西部北部森林草原的植物卫生状况和小麦产量对药物影响的评估
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.53040/9789975347204.29
С. В. Бурлакова, Российская Федерация Сибирский федеральный научный центр агро наук, М. Т. Егорычева
The study was carried out in laboratory conditions and in the field experiment in the forest-steppe zone of Western Siberia. The protective effect of seed treatment with biofungicides Trichodermin and Sporobacterin in combination with spraying wheat crops with Fitosporin against root rot, the growth effect in the synergism of the biological properties of drugs was studied. It is shown that under the greening growth conditions of wheat, it is possible to replace the combination of chemical treatments with biological ones while maintaining a high level of productivity. The mechanism of influence of some combinations of drugs, revealing the peculiarities of biochemical processes in the cells of flag leaves of plants, on the forecast of productivity at the early stages of plant development has been revealed.
本研究在西伯利亚西部森林草原地区进行了实验室条件和野外试验。研究了生物杀菌剂Trichodermin和Sporobacterin对小麦根腐病的保护作用,以及药物生物学特性协同作用下的生长效应。结果表明,在小麦绿色化生长条件下,用生物处理替代化学处理组合,可以保持较高的产量水平。揭示了植物旗叶细胞生化过程的特殊性,揭示了一些药物组合对植物发育早期生产力预测的影响机制。
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引用次数: 0
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Plant Protection – Achievements and Prospects
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