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Interictal Electrophysiological Source Imaging Based on Realistic Epilepsy Head Model in Presurgical Evaluation: A Prospective Study 基于真实癫痫头部模型的发作间电生理源成像在术前评估中的前瞻性研究
Q1 Engineering Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI: 10.23919/CJEE.2023.000012
Ruowei Qu;Zhaonan Wang;Shifeng Wang;Le Wang;Alan Wang;Guizhi Xu
Invasive techniques are becoming increasingly important in the presurgical evaluation of epilepsy. Adopting the electrophysiological source imaging (ESI) of interictal scalp electroencephalography (EEG) to localize the epileptogenic zone remains a challenge. The accuracy of the preoperative localization of the epileptogenic zone is key to curing epilepsy. The T1 MRI and the boundary element method were used to build the realistic head model. To solve the inverse problem, the distributed inverse solution and equivalent current dipole (ECD) methods were employed to locate the epileptogenic zone. Furthermore, a combination of inverse solution algorithms and Granger causality connectivity measures was evaluated. The ECD method exhibited excellent focalization in lateralization and localization, achieving a coincidence rate of 99.02% ($p < 0.05$) with the stereo electroencephalogram. The combination of ECD and the directed transfer function led to excellent matching between the information flow obtained from intracranial and scalp EEG recordings. The ECD inverse solution method showed the highest performance and could extract the discharge information at the cortex level from noninvasive low-density EEG data. Thus, the accurate preoperative localization of the epileptogenic zone could reduce the number of intracranial electrode implantations required.
侵入性技术在癫痫的术前评估中变得越来越重要。采用间期头皮脑电图(EEG)的电生理源成像(ESI)来定位癫痫区仍然是一个挑战。术前癫痫区定位的准确性是治疗癫痫的关键。采用T1 MRI和边界元法建立真实头部模型。为了解决反问题,采用分布反解和等效电流偶极子(ECD)方法定位癫痫区。此外,还评估了反解算法和格兰杰因果连通性度量的组合。ECD方法在侧位和定位方面表现出优异的聚焦性,符合率达到99.02% ($p <0.05美元)的立体脑电图。ECD和定向传递函数的结合使得从颅内和头皮EEG记录中获得的信息流具有很好的匹配性。结果表明,ECD反解方法能够从无创低密度脑电图数据中提取皮层水平的放电信息。因此,术前准确定位致痫区可以减少所需的颅内电极植入次数。
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引用次数: 0
Wind Power Probability Density Prediction Based on Quantile Regression Model of Dilated Causal Convolutional Neural Network 基于扩展因果卷积神经网络分位数回归模型的风电概率密度预测
Q1 Engineering Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI: 10.23919/CJEE.2023.000001
Yunhao Yang;Heng Zhang;Shurong Peng;Sheng Su;Bin Li
Aiming at the wind power prediction problem, a wind power probability prediction method based on the quantile regression of a dilated causal convolutional neural network is proposed. With the developed model, the Adam stochastic gradient descent technique is utilized to solve the cavity parameters of the causal convolutional neural network under different quantile conditions and obtain the probability density distribution of wind power at various times within the following 200 hours. The presented method can obtain more useful information than conventional point and interval predictions. Moreover, a prediction of the future complete probability distribution of wind power can be realized. According to the actual data forecast of wind power in the PJM network in the United States, the proposed probability density prediction approach can not only obtain more accurate point prediction results, it also obtains the complete probability density curve prediction results for wind power. Compared with two other quantile regression methods, the developed technique can achieve a higher accuracy and smaller prediction interval range under the same confidence level.
针对风电功率预测问题,提出了一种基于扩张因果卷积神经网络分位数回归的风电功率概率预测方法。利用所开发的模型,利用Adam随机梯度下降技术求解了因果卷积神经网络在不同分位数条件下的腔参数,得到了在接下来的200小时内不同时间的风电概率密度分布。与传统的点和区间预测相比,该方法可以获得更多有用的信息。此外,可以实现对风电未来完全概率分布的预测。根据美国PJM网络中风电的实际数据预测,所提出的概率密度预测方法不仅可以获得更准确的点预测结果,还可以获得完整的风电概率密度曲线预测结果。与其他两种分位数回归方法相比,在相同的置信水平下,该方法可以获得更高的精度和更小的预测区间。
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引用次数: 0
Editorial for Special Issue on Bioelectromagnetics 生物电磁学特刊编辑
Q1 Engineering Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI: 10.23919/CJEE.2023.000015
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引用次数: 0
Bioeffects of Microgravity and Hypergravity on Animals 微重力和超重力对动物的生物效应
Q1 Engineering Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI: 10.23919/CJEE.2023.000011
Guofeng Cheng;Biao Yu;Chao Song;Vitalii Zablotskii;Xin Zhang
Gravity alterations in space cause significant adaptive effects on the human body, including changes to the muscular, skeletal, and vestibular systems. However, multiple factors besides gravity exist in space; therefore, it is difficult to distinguish gravity-related bioeffects from those of the other factors, including radiation. Although everything on the Earth surface is subject to gravity, gravity-induced effects are not explicitly clear. Here, different research methods that have been used in gravity alterations, including parabolic flight, diamagnetic levitation, and centrifuge, are reviewed and compared. The bioeffects that are reported to be associated with altered gravity in animals are summarized, and the potential risks of hypergravity and microgravity are discussed, with a focus on microgravity, which has been studied more extensively. It should be noted that although various microgravity and hypergravity research methods have their limitations, such as the inevitable magnetic field effects in diamagnetic levitation and short duration of parabolic flight, it is evident that ground-based clinical, animal, and cellular experiments that simulate gravity alterations have served as important and necessary complements to space research. These researches not only provide critical and fundamental biological information on the effects of gravity from biomechanics and the biophysical perspectives, but also help in developing future countermeasures for astronauts.
太空重力的改变会对人体产生显著的适应性影响,包括肌肉、骨骼和前庭系统的变化。然而,除了重力之外,空间中还存在多种因素;因此,很难将重力相关的生物效应与其他因素(包括辐射)的生物效应区分开来。虽然地球表面的一切都受到重力的影响,但重力引起的效应并不明确。在这里,不同的研究方法已经用于重力变化,包括抛物线飞行,反磁悬浮和离心机,进行了回顾和比较。本文综述了已报道的与重力改变有关的动物生物效应,讨论了超重力和微重力的潜在风险,重点讨论了研究较为广泛的微重力。值得注意的是,尽管各种微重力和超重力研究方法都有其局限性,例如反磁悬浮中不可避免的磁场效应和抛物线飞行持续时间短,但很明显,模拟重力变化的地面临床、动物和细胞实验已经成为空间研究的重要和必要的补充。这些研究不仅从生物力学和生物物理学的角度提供了重力影响的关键和基础的生物学信息,而且有助于制定未来宇航员的对策。
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引用次数: 0
Magnetic Actuation Systems and Magnetic Robots for Gastrointestinal Examination and Treatment 用于胃肠检查和治疗的磁驱动系统和磁机器人
Q1 Engineering Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI: 10.23919/CJEE.2023.000009
Hongbo Sun;Jianhua Liu;Qiuliang Wang
Magnetic actuation technology (MAT) provides novel diagnostic tools for the early screening and treatment of digestive cancers, which have high morbidity and mortality rates worldwide. The application of magnetic actuation systems and magnetic robots in gastrointestinal (GI) diagnosis and treatment to provide a comprehensive reference manual for scholars in the field of MAT research are reviewed. It describes the basic principles of magnetic actuation and magnetic field safety, introduces the design, manufacturing, control, and performance parameters of magnetic actuation systems, as well as the applicability and limitations of each system for different parts of the GI tract. It analyzes the characteristics and advantages of different types and functions of magnetic robots, summarizes the challenges faced by MAT in clinical applications, and provides an outlook on the future prospects of the field.
磁致动技术(MAT)为消化道癌症的早期筛查和治疗提供了新的诊断工具,消化道癌症在世界范围内具有很高的发病率和死亡率。对磁致动系统和磁机器人在胃肠道(GI)诊断和治疗中的应用进行综述,为MAT研究领域的学者提供全面的参考手册。介绍了磁致动和磁场安全的基本原理,介绍了磁致动系统的设计、制造、控制和性能参数,以及每种系统对胃肠道不同部位的适用性和局限性。分析了不同类型和功能的磁性机器人的特点和优势,总结了MAT在临床应用中面临的挑战,并对该领域的未来前景进行了展望。
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引用次数: 0
Stator Fault Diagnosis of Induction Motor Based on Discrete Wavelet Analysis and Neural Network Technique 基于离散小波分析和神经网络技术的异步电动机定子故障诊断
Q1 Engineering Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI: 10.23919/CJEE.2023.000003
Abdelelah Almounajjed;Ashwin Kumar Sahoo;Mani Kant Kumar;Sanjeet Kumar Subudhi
A novel approach by introducing a statistical parameter to estimate the severity of incipient stator inter-turn short circuit (ITSC) faults in induction motors (IMs) is proposed. Determining the incipient ITSC fault and its severity is challenging for several reasons. The stator currents in the healthy and faulty cases are highly similar during the primary stage of the fault. Moreover, the conventional statistical parameters resulting from the analysis of fault signals do not consistently show a systematic variation with respect to the increase in fault intensity. The objective of this study is the early detection of incipient ITSC faults. Furthermore, it aims to determine the percentage of shorted turns in the faulty phase, which acts as an indicator for severe damage to the stator winding. Modeling of the motor in healthy and defective cases is performed using the Clarke Concordia transform. A discrete wavelet transform is applied to the motor currents using a Daubechies-8 wavelet. The statistical parameters $L_{1}$ and $L_{2}$ norms are computed for the detailed coefficients. These parameters are obtained under a variety of loads and defects to acquire the most accurate and generalized features related to the fault. Combining $L_{1}$ and $L_{2}$ norms creates a novel statistical parameter with notable characteristics to achieve the research aim. An artificial neural network-based back propagation algorithm is employed as a classifier to implement the classification process. The classifier output defines the percentage of defective turns with a high level of accuracy. The competency of the adopted methodology is validated via simulations and experiments. The results confirm the merits of the proposed method, with a classification test correctness of 95.29%.
提出了一种引入统计参数来估计异步电动机初始定子匝间短路严重程度的新方法。由于几个原因,确定早期ITSC故障及其严重程度具有挑战性。在故障初级阶段,正常和故障情况下的定子电流高度相似。此外,由故障信号分析得出的常规统计参数并不一致地显示出相对于故障强度的增加的系统变化。本研究的目的是早期发现早期的ITSC故障。此外,它旨在确定故障相位中短匝数的百分比,这是定子绕组严重损坏的指标。使用Clarke Concordia变换对健康和缺陷情况下的电机进行建模。使用Daubechies-8小波对电机电流进行离散小波变换。计算详细系数的统计参数$L_{1}$和$L_{2}$范数。这些参数是在各种载荷和缺陷下获得的,以获得与故障相关的最准确和最广义的特征。结合$L_{1}$和$L_{2}$范数创建一个具有显著特征的统计参数,以达到研究目的。采用基于人工神经网络的反向传播算法作为分类器来实现分类过程。分类器输出以高精确度定义有缺陷匝数的百分比。通过仿真和实验验证了所采用方法的有效性。结果证实了该方法的优点,分类测试的正确率为95.29%。
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引用次数: 0
Time-domain Dynamic-performance-improvement Method for Pulse-width-modulated DC-DC Converters Based on Eigenvalue and Eigenvector Sensitivity 基于特征值和特征向量灵敏度的脉宽调制DC-DC变换器时域动态性能改进方法
Q1 Engineering Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI: 10.23919/CJEE.2023.000017
Hong Li;Zexi Zhou;Jinchang Pan;Qian Liu
For pulse-width modulated (PWM) DC-DC converters, the input voltage fluctuation and load variation in practical applications make it necessary for them to have better dynamic performance to meet the regulation requirements of the system. The dynamic-performance-improvement method for PWM DC-DC converters is mainly based on indirect dynamic performance indices, such as the gain margin and phase margin. However, both settling time and overshoot in the time domain are important in practical engineering. This makes it difficult for designers to obtain a clear understanding of the time-domain dynamic performance that can be achieved with improved control. In this study, a direct analysis of the time-domain dynamic characteristic of PWM DC-DC converters is performed. A dynamic-performance-improvement method based on eigenvalues and eigenvector sensitivity (E2S-based DPIM) is proposed to directly improve the time-domain dynamic performance index of PWM DC-DC converters. By considering a boost converter with proportional-integral control as an example, an additional virtual inductor current feedback control was designed using the proposed dynamic-performance-improvement method. Simulation and experimental results verify the validity and accuracy of the proposed dynamic-performance-improvement method.
对于脉宽调制(PWM) DC-DC变换器,在实际应用中输入电压的波动和负载的变化,要求其具有较好的动态性能,以满足系统的调节要求。PWM DC-DC变换器的动态性能改进方法主要基于增益裕度和相位裕度等间接动态性能指标。然而,在实际工程中,时域的沉降时间和超调量都很重要。这使得设计人员很难清楚地了解可以通过改进控制来实现的时域动态性能。在本研究中,直接分析了PWM DC-DC变换器的时域动态特性。为了直接提高PWM DC-DC变换器的时域动态性能指标,提出了一种基于特征值和特征向量灵敏度的动态性能改进方法(E2S-based DPIM)。以比例积分控制的升压变换器为例,采用所提出的动态性能改进方法设计了附加的虚拟电感电流反馈控制。仿真和实验结果验证了所提动态性能改进方法的有效性和准确性。
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引用次数: 1
A Review on the Coupled Method of Using the Magnetic and Acoustic Fields for Biological Tissue Imaging 生物组织成像的磁声场耦合方法综述
Q1 Engineering Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI: 10.23919/CJEE.2023.000014
Yuanyuan Li;Guoqiang Liu
Magnetic field and acoustic field coupled imaging methods mainly include magnetoacoustic tomography, magneto-acousto-electrical tomography, and thermoacoustic tomography, all of which non-invasively achieve the electrical conductivity imaging of tissues with a resolution of up to the millimeter scale. The principles of these three imaging methods and the research progress in the last two decades are reviewed. First, the principles of the three magnetic and acoustic field coupled methods are individually introduced. The progress in medical electromagnetic imaging is further elaborated, and finally the future directions and summary of the coupled imaging methods are summarized.
磁场与声场耦合成像方法主要有磁声层析成像、磁声电层析成像和热声层析成像等,这些方法均无创地实现了分辨率高达毫米尺度的组织电导率成像。综述了这三种成像方法的原理及近二十年来的研究进展。首先,分别介绍了三种磁声耦合方法的原理。进一步阐述了医学电磁成像的研究进展,最后总结了耦合成像方法的未来发展方向和总结。
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引用次数: 0
Abnormal State Detection of OLTC Based on Improved Fuzzy C-means Clustering 基于改进模糊c均值聚类的OLTC异常状态检测
Q1 Engineering Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI: 10.23919/CJEE.2023.000002
Hongwei Li;Lilong Dou;Shuaibing Li;Yongqiang Kang;Xingzu Yang;Haiying Dong
An accurate extraction of vibration signal characteristics of an on-load tap changer (OLTC) during contact switching can effectively help detect its abnormal state. Therefore, an improved fuzzy C-means clustering method for abnormal state detection of the OLTC contact is proposed. First, the wavelet packet and singular spectrum analysis are used to denoise the vibration signal generated by the moving and static contacts of the OLTC. Then, the Hilbert-Huang transform that is optimized by the ensemble empirical mode decomposition (EEMD) is used to decompose the vibration signal and extract the boundary spectrum features. Finally, the gray wolf algorithm-based fuzzy C-means clustering is used to denoise the signal and determine the abnormal states of the OLTC contact. An analysis of the experimental data shows that the proposed secondary denoising method has a better denoising effect compared to the single denoising method. The EEMD can improve the modal aliasing effect, and the improved fuzzy C-means clustering can effectively identify the abnormal state of the OLTC contacts. The analysis results of field measured data further verify the effectiveness of the proposed method and provide a reference for the abnormal state detection of the OLTC.
准确提取有载分接开关触点开关的振动信号特征,可以有效地检测有载分接开关的异常状态。为此,提出了一种改进的模糊c均值聚类方法用于OLTC接触的异常状态检测。首先,利用小波包和奇异谱分析对接触网的动触点和静触点产生的振动信号进行降噪处理;然后,利用集成经验模态分解(EEMD)优化后的Hilbert-Huang变换对振动信号进行分解,提取边界谱特征;最后,采用基于灰狼算法的模糊c均值聚类方法对信号进行去噪,确定OLTC接触的异常状态。实验数据分析表明,所提出的二次去噪方法比单一去噪方法具有更好的去噪效果。EEMD可以改善模态混叠效果,改进的模糊c均值聚类可以有效识别OLTC触点的异常状态。现场实测数据的分析结果进一步验证了所提方法的有效性,为OLTC的异常状态检测提供了参考。
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引用次数: 0
Vibration and Noise Optimization of New Asymmetric Modular PMaSynRM 新型非对称模块化PMaSynRM的振动与噪声优化
Q1 Engineering Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.23919/CJEE.2023.000006
Guohai Liu;Akang Gao;Qian Chen;Yanxin Mao;Gaohong Xu
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Chinese Journal of Electrical Engineering
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