Pub Date : 2022-12-19DOI: 10.1163/24056480-00704007
Eesha Jila Ikbal
Highlighting the local dimension of world literature, this article attempts a re-narrativization of Malayalam literary history through the lens of world literature. It does so by locating four possible materializations or phases of world literature, each marked by a crucial social or political development in the state of Kerala: the British colonial intervention, anti-colonialist sentiment, the phenomenon of the Cold War, and the dissolution of the USSR that followed the Cold War. While employing each of these as discursive categories to shed light on their literary and cultural implications in shaping the idea of “world literature” at different junctures, this article also analyzes the various meanings that “world” and “literature” embodied in the state.
{"title":"World Literature in Kerala","authors":"Eesha Jila Ikbal","doi":"10.1163/24056480-00704007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/24056480-00704007","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Highlighting the local dimension of world literature, this article attempts a re-narrativization of Malayalam literary history through the lens of world literature. It does so by locating four possible materializations or phases of world literature, each marked by a crucial social or political development in the state of Kerala: the British colonial intervention, anti-colonialist sentiment, the phenomenon of the Cold War, and the dissolution of the USSR that followed the Cold War. While employing each of these as discursive categories to shed light on their literary and cultural implications in shaping the idea of “world literature” at different junctures, this article also analyzes the various meanings that “world” and “literature” embodied in the state.","PeriodicalId":36587,"journal":{"name":"Journal of World Literature","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45527960","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-19DOI: 10.1163/24056480-00704003
Roland Végső
This article examines the historical tensions between the theoretical definitions of “world literature” and the institutionalization of world literature programs in the context of early Cold War literary criticism in the United States. It uses the works of René Wellek, Austin Warren, and Lionel Trilling to establish that this type of criticism resisted the rise of world literature based on the theoretical claim that world literature does not exist as a legitimate object of literary analysis. In its conclusion, the article turns to Gayatri Spivak’s critique of world literature to demonstrate that the resistance to world literature is part of the ongoing history of Weltliteratur well beyond the Cold War.
{"title":"Resisting World Literature","authors":"Roland Végső","doi":"10.1163/24056480-00704003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/24056480-00704003","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 This article examines the historical tensions between the theoretical definitions of “world literature” and the institutionalization of world literature programs in the context of early Cold War literary criticism in the United States. It uses the works of René Wellek, Austin Warren, and Lionel Trilling to establish that this type of criticism resisted the rise of world literature based on the theoretical claim that world literature does not exist as a legitimate object of literary analysis. In its conclusion, the article turns to Gayatri Spivak’s critique of world literature to demonstrate that the resistance to world literature is part of the ongoing history of Weltliteratur well beyond the Cold War.","PeriodicalId":36587,"journal":{"name":"Journal of World Literature","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46635635","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-19DOI: 10.1163/24056480-00704004
N. Moore
This article concentrates a query as to the facility of current transnationalism in coming to grips with Cold War culture as a world phenomenon bound by both time and space. On the one hand we confront its forceful synchronicities, inspiring but also requiring aesthetic congruities across substantial, sometimes hitherto unrelated portions of the world, and, on the other, its calculated silencings and censorship, enforcing asynchrony and differentiated cultural production, readerships and aesthetic formations on polarised political ground. Exploring little-traced, transverse literary connections between postcolonial Australia and the metropolitan Second World, this paper foregrounds the dissident practices of mid-century poetry, centring the work of settler Australian communist poet Dorothy Hewett. Can such transverse valency help us displace the moribund bipolar model of the cultural Cold War, in favour of a more worldly poetics of disruption, able to speak to the as-yet unrealised utopic horizons that propelled the conflict?
{"title":"Hidden Journey from Australia to the Second World","authors":"N. Moore","doi":"10.1163/24056480-00704004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/24056480-00704004","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 This article concentrates a query as to the facility of current transnationalism in coming to grips with Cold War culture as a world phenomenon bound by both time and space. On the one hand we confront its forceful synchronicities, inspiring but also requiring aesthetic congruities across substantial, sometimes hitherto unrelated portions of the world, and, on the other, its calculated silencings and censorship, enforcing asynchrony and differentiated cultural production, readerships and aesthetic formations on polarised political ground. Exploring little-traced, transverse literary connections between postcolonial Australia and the metropolitan Second World, this paper foregrounds the dissident practices of mid-century poetry, centring the work of settler Australian communist poet Dorothy Hewett. Can such transverse valency help us displace the moribund bipolar model of the cultural Cold War, in favour of a more worldly poetics of disruption, able to speak to the as-yet unrealised utopic horizons that propelled the conflict?","PeriodicalId":36587,"journal":{"name":"Journal of World Literature","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47642640","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-13DOI: 10.1163/24056480-tat00002
Farida Chishti
Drawing on the Deleuzian theory of de-territorialization of the subject from the center of power, this article picks up the controversy regarding Gao Xingjian’s misogyny with reference to his second novel One Man’s Bible and presents an alternative perspective on his gender treatment. With the help of textual analysis, it contends that far from being anti-feminist as is generally assumed in critical circles, Gao is gender neutral, and allows the same subjective agency to woman as man. Both male and female protagonists in the novel tend to hegemonize each other on the basis of their location in the geo-political or socio-cultural scale of power until each dislocates from his/her power base to undergo a qualitative transformation that changes their world view. It is their minority position which helps them surmount their tendency to hegemonize or minoritize the other and thus to become “minortarian.”
{"title":"From Politics of Location to Its De-politicization in One Man’s Bible by Gao Xingjian","authors":"Farida Chishti","doi":"10.1163/24056480-tat00002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/24056480-tat00002","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Drawing on the Deleuzian theory of de-territorialization of the subject from the center of power, this article picks up the controversy regarding Gao Xingjian’s misogyny with reference to his second novel One Man’s Bible and presents an alternative perspective on his gender treatment. With the help of textual analysis, it contends that far from being anti-feminist as is generally assumed in critical circles, Gao is gender neutral, and allows the same subjective agency to woman as man. Both male and female protagonists in the novel tend to hegemonize each other on the basis of their location in the geo-political or socio-cultural scale of power until each dislocates from his/her power base to undergo a qualitative transformation that changes their world view. It is their minority position which helps them surmount their tendency to hegemonize or minoritize the other and thus to become “minortarian.”","PeriodicalId":36587,"journal":{"name":"Journal of World Literature","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43158597","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-09DOI: 10.1163/24056480-00703007
Michael Ka Chi Cheuk
A year after receiving the 2000 Nobel Prize in Literature, Gao Xingjian, who had been exiled from China in 1987, remarked that he had to embark on a “second escape” from the “public’s halo, flowers, prizes, and crown.” In this paper, I argue that Gao’s “second escape” is not a literal rejection of fame, but rather the situating of the monumentalizing effects of the Nobel’s prestige as a subject of his transmedial reflection. In his first major post-Nobel project – l’année Gao (The Year of Gao, 2003–2005), Gao portrays death in five different expressions (paintings, poetry, theatre, opera, and cinema) that echo and respond to each other, thereby presenting a coherent attempt to restore his sense of fragility and autonomy as a Nobel laureate.
{"title":"Escaping Prestige","authors":"Michael Ka Chi Cheuk","doi":"10.1163/24056480-00703007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/24056480-00703007","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 A year after receiving the 2000 Nobel Prize in Literature, Gao Xingjian, who had been exiled from China in 1987, remarked that he had to embark on a “second escape” from the “public’s halo, flowers, prizes, and crown.” In this paper, I argue that Gao’s “second escape” is not a literal rejection of fame, but rather the situating of the monumentalizing effects of the Nobel’s prestige as a subject of his transmedial reflection. In his first major post-Nobel project – l’année Gao (The Year of Gao, 2003–2005), Gao portrays death in five different expressions (paintings, poetry, theatre, opera, and cinema) that echo and respond to each other, thereby presenting a coherent attempt to restore his sense of fragility and autonomy as a Nobel laureate.","PeriodicalId":36587,"journal":{"name":"Journal of World Literature","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49259541","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-09DOI: 10.1163/24056480-00703004
Mushtaq Bilal
This paper seeks to understand and theorize Pakistani literature festivals. In order to do so, I study the programs and schedules of the Karachi Literature Festival from 2010–2020 and the Lahore Literary Festival from 2013–2020. Using Andrew Shryock’s idea of Other-consciousness and building on Ammara Maqsood’s anthropological work done in urban Pakistan, I argue that the conception, programming, and execution of festivals like the Karachi and the Lahore festivals are governed by a “scopaesthesiac consciousness” – a consciousness of being observed and judged by an imagined outsider. As a result, the organizers and producers of these festivals are less interested in showcasing an organic literary production and more interested in portraying a “soft image of Pakistan” to an imagined outsider.
{"title":"Pakistani Literature Festivals and a Scopaesthesiac Consciousness","authors":"Mushtaq Bilal","doi":"10.1163/24056480-00703004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/24056480-00703004","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 This paper seeks to understand and theorize Pakistani literature festivals. In order to do so, I study the programs and schedules of the Karachi Literature Festival from 2010–2020 and the Lahore Literary Festival from 2013–2020. Using Andrew Shryock’s idea of Other-consciousness and building on Ammara Maqsood’s anthropological work done in urban Pakistan, I argue that the conception, programming, and execution of festivals like the Karachi and the Lahore festivals are governed by a “scopaesthesiac consciousness” – a consciousness of being observed and judged by an imagined outsider. As a result, the organizers and producers of these festivals are less interested in showcasing an organic literary production and more interested in portraying a “soft image of Pakistan” to an imagined outsider.","PeriodicalId":36587,"journal":{"name":"Journal of World Literature","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47718846","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-09DOI: 10.1163/24056480-00703005
Kaitlin Staudt
This paper examines the history, political background, and literary aesthetics of Turkey’s newly inaugurated Necip Fazıl Cultural Prize and the Istanbul Publishing Fellowship Program to examine how the Turkish government instrumentalizes literature to contest Turkish cultural values and identity. Describing the current need to advance Turkish culture and literature as “important a matter of survival as the fight against terror,” Erdoğan has increasingly emphasized cultural power in recent years as a means of cultivating and promoting his regime’s local and pious version of Turkishness. This paper explores how literary prizes and publishing programs partake in the formation of Turkish cultural power and investigates the ramifications of these government-sponsored initiatives for scholarly understanding of the relationship between world-building, the circulation of aesthetic practices underpinned by nationalism and religion, and the projection of national power on a global stage.
{"title":"World Literature Bigger Than Five","authors":"Kaitlin Staudt","doi":"10.1163/24056480-00703005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/24056480-00703005","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 This paper examines the history, political background, and literary aesthetics of Turkey’s newly inaugurated Necip Fazıl Cultural Prize and the Istanbul Publishing Fellowship Program to examine how the Turkish government instrumentalizes literature to contest Turkish cultural values and identity. Describing the current need to advance Turkish culture and literature as “important a matter of survival as the fight against terror,” Erdoğan has increasingly emphasized cultural power in recent years as a means of cultivating and promoting his regime’s local and pious version of Turkishness. This paper explores how literary prizes and publishing programs partake in the formation of Turkish cultural power and investigates the ramifications of these government-sponsored initiatives for scholarly understanding of the relationship between world-building, the circulation of aesthetic practices underpinned by nationalism and religion, and the projection of national power on a global stage.","PeriodicalId":36587,"journal":{"name":"Journal of World Literature","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46933661","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-09DOI: 10.1163/24056480-00703006
Pelin Kivrak
This article examines the complex strategies of composition, translation, and outreach that Behrouz Boochani and Selahattin Demirtaş used while producing works of literature in prison. Whereas Demirtaş has been writing in Turkish and within a prison in Istanbul, Boochani asked for his writing to be published in English when he was detained as a stateless person in a multinational non-space – an offshore center where refugees from all over the world were detained. Instead of categorizing these works as extensions of their authors’ ethnic or national identities, this article reveals how they position themselves vis-à-vis different forms of oppression by producing transnational pieces of world literature.
{"title":"From Remote Prisons to Global Readership","authors":"Pelin Kivrak","doi":"10.1163/24056480-00703006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/24056480-00703006","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 This article examines the complex strategies of composition, translation, and outreach that Behrouz Boochani and Selahattin Demirtaş used while producing works of literature in prison. Whereas Demirtaş has been writing in Turkish and within a prison in Istanbul, Boochani asked for his writing to be published in English when he was detained as a stateless person in a multinational non-space – an offshore center where refugees from all over the world were detained. Instead of categorizing these works as extensions of their authors’ ethnic or national identities, this article reveals how they position themselves vis-à-vis different forms of oppression by producing transnational pieces of world literature.","PeriodicalId":36587,"journal":{"name":"Journal of World Literature","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45902990","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-09DOI: 10.1163/24056480-00703002
Gisèle Sapiro
Literary festivals have become authorities in the literary field, promoting works through the charismatic persona of their author, and operating a transfer of symbolic capital from the most famous ones to the newcomers. Some of these festivals are international, and thus play a role in the making of world authorship and of world literature. Based on a quantitative and qualitative study of thirty-eight international literary festivals, this paper focuses on the way international literary festivals reflect, even as they shape, the structure of the transnational literary field. International festivals tend to mirror the unequal conditions of access to world authorship and the power relations that structure the world market for translations. However, some of them develop strategies to counter these power relations. They are also more politicized, and try to construct a more diverse and inclusive transnational public sphere, where writers act as public intellectuals.
{"title":"Literature Festivals","authors":"Gisèle Sapiro","doi":"10.1163/24056480-00703002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/24056480-00703002","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Literary festivals have become authorities in the literary field, promoting works through the charismatic persona of their author, and operating a transfer of symbolic capital from the most famous ones to the newcomers. Some of these festivals are international, and thus play a role in the making of world authorship and of world literature. Based on a quantitative and qualitative study of thirty-eight international literary festivals, this paper focuses on the way international literary festivals reflect, even as they shape, the structure of the transnational literary field. International festivals tend to mirror the unequal conditions of access to world authorship and the power relations that structure the world market for translations. However, some of them develop strategies to counter these power relations. They are also more politicized, and try to construct a more diverse and inclusive transnational public sphere, where writers act as public intellectuals.","PeriodicalId":36587,"journal":{"name":"Journal of World Literature","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43129198","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-09DOI: 10.1163/24056480-00703008
B. Holgate
Scholarly debate about world literature often relegates non-fiction as secondary to fiction. This article argues that non-fiction is as important as fiction, and uses the Financial Times Business Book of the Year Award as a case study. Although the FT award focuses on business, it has a wider cultural impact influencing academia, global media, and literature. After seventeen years, the award’s consistent quality of longlisted books has created a canon that has genuine literary value. My analysis of the award demonstrates that the finalists and winners have been concentrated in terms of author’s country of work, author’s profession, and primary subject. This concentration can be partly explained by the dominance of the US in the publishing of business books as well as by the mechanics of the award’s selection process. The FT award also prompts a discussion about the merits of a literary award that embraces both fiction and non-fiction.
关于世界文学的学术辩论常常把非虚构作品贬为小说之外的东西。本文认为，非虚构作品与虚构作品同样重要，并以《金融时报》年度商业图书奖(Financial Times Business Book of the Year Award)为例进行研究。尽管英国《金融时报》的奖项侧重于商业，但它具有更广泛的文化影响力，影响着学术界、全球媒体和文学。17年过去了，该奖项始终如一的入围作品质量创造了一个具有真正文学价值的经典。我对该奖项的分析表明，入围和获奖的作者主要集中在作者的工作国家、作者的职业和主要主题上。美国在商业图书出版领域的主导地位，以及该奖项评选过程的机制，可以部分解释这种集中现象。英国《金融时报》的这一奖项还引发了一场讨论，即一个囊括小说类和非小说类文学奖项的优点。
{"title":"A New World Literature Canon","authors":"B. Holgate","doi":"10.1163/24056480-00703008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/24056480-00703008","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Scholarly debate about world literature often relegates non-fiction as secondary to fiction. This article argues that non-fiction is as important as fiction, and uses the Financial Times Business Book of the Year Award as a case study. Although the FT award focuses on business, it has a wider cultural impact influencing academia, global media, and literature. After seventeen years, the award’s consistent quality of longlisted books has created a canon that has genuine literary value. My analysis of the award demonstrates that the finalists and winners have been concentrated in terms of author’s country of work, author’s profession, and primary subject. This concentration can be partly explained by the dominance of the US in the publishing of business books as well as by the mechanics of the award’s selection process. The FT award also prompts a discussion about the merits of a literary award that embraces both fiction and non-fiction.","PeriodicalId":36587,"journal":{"name":"Journal of World Literature","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44433699","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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