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Alleviation of Selected Environmental Waste through Biodegradation by Black Soldier Fly (Hermetia illucens) Larvae: A Meta-Analysis 黑兵蝇(Hermetia illucens)幼虫通过生物降解减轻选定环境废物:一项荟萃分析
Q2 Environmental Science Pub Date : 2023-10-24 DOI: 10.3390/recycling8060083
Sunarto Zulkifli, Anuraga Jayanegara, Bambang Pramudya, Melta Rini Fahmi, Mardiah Rahmadani
Alleviation of environmental waste is a significant challenge, contributing to greenhouse gas emissions and wasting valuable resources. To address this issue sustainably, valorization techniques are being explored to convert environmental waste into valuable bio-based products. Additionally, the use of black soldier fly (Hermetia Illucens) larvae has emerged as a potential solution to degrade environmental waste and produce biomass. This study aimed to quantify the waste reduction index (WRI) of environmental waste through biodegradation by black soldier fly (BSF) larvae. A meta-analysis method was employed, involving a comprehensive search in the Scopus database for analysis. A total of 45 articles were analyzed and the results indicate that kitchen waste and fruit and vegetable wastes have a positive effect on WRI and other variables. The WRI of kitchen waste and fruit and vegetable wastes is 4.77 ± 2.98 g/day and 2.72 ± 2.14 g/day, respectively. Fecal waste results in a lower WRI than those of other waste categories, i.e., 2.22 ± 1.29 g/day. Overall, the BSF larvae effectively reduce organic environmental wastes and convert them into their body mass, which is rich in protein. This study contributes to a deeper understanding of the potential of BSF in waste management, offering insights into sustainable waste reduction strategies.
减少环境废物是一项重大挑战,它造成温室气体排放,浪费宝贵资源。为了可持续地解决这一问题,人们正在探索将环境废物转化为有价值的生物基产品的增值技术。此外,使用黑兵蝇(Hermetia Illucens)幼虫已成为降解环境废物和生产生物质的潜在解决方案。本研究旨在量化黑兵蝇(black soldier fly, BSF)幼虫对环境垃圾的生物降解废物减量化指数(WRI)。采用meta分析方法,全面检索Scopus数据库进行分析。对45篇文章进行分析,结果表明厨余垃圾和果蔬垃圾对WRI等变量有正向影响。厨余垃圾和果蔬垃圾的WRI分别为4.77±2.98 g/d和2.72±2.14 g/d。粪便废物的WRI低于其他废物类别,为2.22±1.29 g/d。总体而言,BSF幼虫有效地减少了有机环境废物,并将其转化为富含蛋白质的体重。这项研究有助于深入了解生物流化床在废物管理方面的潜力,为可持续减少废物的策略提供见解。
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引用次数: 0
Investigation of the Fiber Length and the Mechanical Properties of Waste Recycled from Continuous Glass Fiber-Reinforced Polypropylene 连续玻纤增强聚丙烯回收废料的纤维长度及力学性能研究
Q2 Environmental Science Pub Date : 2023-10-24 DOI: 10.3390/recycling8060082
Shiva MohammadKarimi, Benedikt Neitzel, Maximilian Lang, Florian Puch
This paper explores the mechanical recycling of continuous fiber-reinforced thermoplastics (CFRTPs) waste into injection molded products, focusing on the influence of recycling parameters on fiber length and mechanical properties. CFRTPs are gaining attention for their promising attributes, including weight-specific mechanical properties, short cycle times, storability, and recyclability, making them suitable for diverse applications. However, as CFRTP production rates rise, recycling strategies become crucial for sustainability. This study investigates the processability of CFRTP waste, defines size reduction conditions, and evaluates the impact of various compounding parameters such as temperature, screw speed, and fiber volume content during extrusion. The research findings indicate that higher screw speeds lead to fiber length reduction, whereas elevated temperatures result in longer fibers. Increased fiber volume intensifies interactions, resulting in shorter lengths. Additionally, the study examines the influence of injection molding parameters such as back pressure, screw speed, and initial fiber length on the resulting fiber length and mechanical properties of injection molded specimens, emphasizing the need for precise parameter control to optimize performance in recycled CFRTPs. Key findings are that increasing the initial fiber length from 260 μm to 455 μm results in an average fiber length after injection molding of 225 μm and 341 μm, respectively. This implies that longer initial fibers are more prone to breakage. Regarding the mechanical properties, increasing back pressure from 20 bar to 60 bar results in a reduction in Young’s modulus of approximately 40 MPa. Higher screw speed also reduces modulus by approximately 70 MPa due to intensified fiber–screw interactions. However, back pressure and screw speed have neutral effects on the tensile strength and the elongation at break.
本文探讨了连续纤维增强热塑性塑料(CFRTPs)废料的机械回收利用到注塑制品中,重点研究了回收参数对纤维长度和力学性能的影响。cfrtp因其有前途的特性而受到关注,包括重量相关的机械性能、短循环时间、可储存性和可回收性,使其适用于各种应用。然而,随着CFRTP产量的上升,回收策略对可持续性至关重要。本研究考察了CFRTP废料的可加工性,确定了尺寸缩减条件,并评估了挤出过程中不同配比参数(如温度、螺杆转速和纤维体积含量)对CFRTP废料的影响。研究结果表明,螺旋转速越高,纤维长度越短,而温度越高,纤维长度越长。增加的纤维体积加强了相互作用,导致长度变短。此外,该研究还考察了注射成型参数(如背压、螺杆转速和初始纤维长度)对注射成型样品的最终纤维长度和机械性能的影响,强调需要精确的参数控制来优化回收cfrtp的性能。结果表明:将初始纤维长度从260 μm增加到455 μm,注射成型后的平均纤维长度分别为225 μm和341 μm;这意味着较长的初始纤维更容易断裂。在力学性能方面,将背压从20 bar增加到60 bar会导致杨氏模量减少约40 MPa。较高的螺杆转速还会由于纤维与螺杆之间的相互作用加剧而使模数降低约70 MPa。背压和螺杆转速对拉伸强度和断裂伸长率的影响为中性。
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引用次数: 0
Avocado Waste Biorefinery: Towards Sustainable Development 牛油果废料生物炼制:走向可持续发展
Q2 Environmental Science Pub Date : 2023-10-20 DOI: 10.3390/recycling8050081
Teresa Sandoval-Contreras, Fernando González Chávez, Amrita Poonia, Maricarmen Iñiguez-Moreno, Lizet Aguirre-Güitrón
The increasing demand for avocado consumption has led to a vast generation of waste products. Despite the high nutritional value of avocados, the waste generated from their processing poses a significant environmental challenge. Therefore, the development of a sustainable approach to avocado waste management is a major concern. Biorefinery presents a promising approach to the valorization of avocado waste components, including the seed, peel, and pulp residues. This paper explores the potential of avocado waste biorefinery as a sustainable solution to produce bio-based products. Several approaches, including extraction, hydrolysis, fermentation, and biodegradation, to obtain valuable products such as starch, oil, fiber, and bioactive compounds for food or feed goods have been proposed. The review also highlights the approaches towards addressing challenges of energy security and climate change by utilizing avocado waste as a source to produce biofuels such as biogas, biodiesel, and bioethanol. In conclusion, the development of avocado waste biorefinery presents a promising avenue for sustainable development. This process can efficiently convert the avocado waste components into valuable bio-based products and clean energy sources, contributing to the attainment of a circular economy and a more sustainable future.
对牛油果消费需求的不断增长导致了大量的废物产生。尽管鳄梨具有很高的营养价值,但加工过程中产生的废物对环境构成了重大挑战。因此,开发一种可持续的牛油果废物管理方法是一个主要问题。生物炼制提出了一种有前途的方法,以牛油果废物成分,包括种子,果皮和果肉残留物的价值。本文探讨了牛油果废物生物炼制作为生产生物基产品的可持续解决方案的潜力。已经提出了几种方法,包括提取、水解、发酵和生物降解,以获得有价值的产品,如淀粉、油、纤维和用于食品或饲料的生物活性化合物。该评论还强调了通过利用鳄梨废物作为生产生物燃料(如沼气、生物柴油和生物乙醇)的来源来应对能源安全和气候变化挑战的方法。综上所述,牛油果废弃物生物炼制的发展是一条有前景的可持续发展之路。这一过程可以有效地将鳄梨废物成分转化为有价值的生物基产品和清洁能源,有助于实现循环经济和更可持续的未来。
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引用次数: 0
Precious Metal Recovery from Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment through Oxidative Refining 利用氧化精炼法回收废旧电器电子设备中的贵金属
Q2 Environmental Science Pub Date : 2023-10-16 DOI: 10.3390/recycling8050080
Eunmi Park, Minji Kim, Min-Wook Pin, Hyunsik Park, Yong-Hwan Kim
This study delves into the application of oxidative refining for the recovery and concentration of precious metals, namely palladium (Pd) and gold (Au), from waste electrical and electronic equipment by WEEE recycling, leveraging pyrometallurgical techniques. The primary objective is to optimize refining parameters, encompassing variations in gas pressure, temperature, and gas composition, to maximize the extraction and purification of precious metals from recycled materials. Through an array of comprehensive characterization techniques, encompassing microstructural analysis, elemental composition assessment, and metal concentration measurement, this study scrutinizes the potential of oxidative refining. The conclusive findings underscore the remarkable potential of oxidative refining in augmenting the efficiency and effectiveness of metal recovery from waste printed circuit boards (PCBs), with a pronounced emphasis on the concentration of Pd and Au. This research not only highlights the promise of oxidative refining but also concludes that optimizing process parameters, such as a N2/O2 mixed gas pressure of 4 L/min, a process time of 40 min, and a temperature of 1400 °C, is imperative for achieving the highest efficiency in metal recovery from electronic waste, especially precious metals like Pd and Au. It further contributes to the sustainable management of electronic waste and the strategic extraction of valuable precious metals.
本研究探讨了利用火法冶金技术,利用WEEE回收,从废旧电器电子设备中回收和浓缩贵金属,即钯(Pd)和金(Au)。主要目标是优化精炼参数,包括气体压力、温度和气体成分的变化,以最大限度地从回收材料中提取和纯化贵金属。通过一系列综合表征技术,包括微观结构分析、元素组成评估和金属浓度测量,本研究仔细研究了氧化精炼的潜力。结论性的发现强调了氧化精炼在提高从废弃印刷电路板(pcb)中回收金属的效率和有效性方面的显着潜力,特别强调了Pd和Au的浓度。这项研究不仅强调了氧化精炼的前景,而且还得出结论,优化工艺参数,如N2/O2混合气体压力为4 L/min,工艺时间为40 min,温度为1400℃,对于实现从电子废物中回收金属的最高效率至关重要,特别是钯和金等贵金属。它还有助于可持续地管理电子废物和战略性地提取贵重金属。
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引用次数: 0
Recovery of Graphite from Spent Lithium-Ion Batteries 废锂离子电池中石墨的回收
Q2 Environmental Science Pub Date : 2023-10-08 DOI: 10.3390/recycling8050079
Charlotte Badenhorst, Iwona Kuzniarska-Biernacka, Alexandra Guedes, Elsayed Mousa, Violeta Ramos, Gavin Rollinson, Guozhu Ye, Bruno Valentim
Critical raw materials, such as graphite and lithium metal oxides (LMOs), with a high supply risk and high economic importance are present in spent lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). The recovery and recycling of these critical raw materials from LIBs will contribute to the circular economy model, reduce the environmental footprint associated with the mining of these materials, and lower their high supply risk. The main aim of this paper is to present a separation process to recover graphite from black mass (BM) from spent LIB. Simultaneously, LMO and copper (Cu) and aluminum (Al) foils were also recovered as by-products from the process. The process used a combination of simple and/or low environmental footprint technologies, such as sieving, sink-float, citric acid leaching, and milling through ultrasound and soft attrition, to allow separation of the LIB valuable components. Three graphite-rich products (with purities ranging between 74 and 88 wt.% total carbon and a combined yield of 14 wt.%) with three different sizes (<25 µm, <45 µm, and <75 µm), Cu and Al foil fragments, and an LMO-rich precipitate product are delivered. The developed process is simple, using low temperatures and weak acids, and using affordable and scalable equipment available in the market. Its advantage over other LIB recycling processes is that it can be implemented, so to speak, “in your backyard”.
废旧锂离子电池(lib)中存在石墨和锂金属氧化物(LMOs)等供应风险高、经济重要性高的关键原材料。从lib中回收和循环利用这些关键原材料将有助于循环经济模式,减少与这些材料开采相关的环境足迹,并降低其高供应风险。本文的主要目的是介绍一种从废LIB中回收黑质(BM)石墨的分离工艺。同时,还回收了LMO和铜(Cu)、铝(Al)箔作为副产品。该工艺使用了简单和/或低环境足迹技术的组合,如筛分、沉浮法、柠檬酸浸出、超声波磨矿和软磨矿,以分离LIB有价值的成分。三种不同尺寸(25 μ m, 45 μ m和75 μ m)的富石墨产品(纯度在74 - 88 wt.%之间,总碳收率为14 wt.%), Cu和Al箔碎片,以及富含lmo的沉淀产品。开发的过程很简单,使用低温和弱酸,并使用市场上可负担得起和可扩展的设备。与其他LIB回收过程相比,它的优点是可以实现,可以这么说,“在您的后院”。
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引用次数: 0
Closing the Loop on LIB Waste: A Comparison of the Current Challenges and Opportunities for the U.S. and Australia towards a Sustainable Energy Future 闭合LIB废物循环:当前美国和澳大利亚在可持续能源未来方面的挑战和机遇比较
Q2 Environmental Science Pub Date : 2023-10-07 DOI: 10.3390/recycling8050078
Gavin E. Collis, Qiang Dai, Joanne S. C. Loh, Albert Lipson, Linda Gaines, Yanyan Zhao, Jeffrey Spangenberger
Many countries have started their transition to a net-zero economy. Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) play an ever-increasing role towards this transition as a rechargeable energy storage medium. Initially, LIBs were developed for consumer electronics and portable devices but have seen dramatic growth in their use in electric vehicles (EVs) and via the gradual uptake in battery energy storage systems (BESSs) over the last decade. As such, critical metals (Li, Co, Ni, and Mn) and chemicals (polymers, electrolytes, Cu, Al, PVDF, LiPF6, LiBF4, and graphite) needed for LIBs are currently in great demand and are susceptible to global supply shortages. Dramatic increases in raw material prices, coupled with predicted exponential growth in global demand (e.g., United States graphite demand from 2022 7000 t to ~145,000 t), means that LIBs will not be sustainable if only sourced from raw materials. LIBs degrade over time. When their performance can no longer meet the requirement of their intended application (e.g., EVs in the 8–12 year range), opportunities exist to extract and recover battery materials for re-use in new batteries or to supply other industrial chemical sectors. This paper compares the challenges, barriers, opportunities, and successes of the United States of America and Australia as they transition to renewable energy storage and develop a battery supply chain to support a circular economy around LIBs.
许多国家已经开始向净零经济转型。锂离子电池(LIBs)作为一种可充电的储能介质,在这一转变中发挥着越来越重要的作用。最初,锂离子电池是为消费电子产品和便携式设备开发的,但在过去十年中,随着电池储能系统(bess)的逐渐普及,锂离子电池在电动汽车(ev)中的应用急剧增长。因此,锂离子电池所需的关键金属(Li, Co, Ni和Mn)和化学品(聚合物,电解质,Cu, Al, PVDF, LiPF6, LiBF4和石墨)目前需求量很大,容易受到全球供应短缺的影响。原材料价格的急剧上涨,加上全球需求的预测指数增长(例如,美国石墨需求从2022年的7000吨增加到14.5万吨),意味着如果仅从原材料采购,lib将不可持续。lib会随着时间的推移而退化。当它们的性能不能再满足预期应用的要求时(例如,8-12年范围内的电动汽车),就有机会提取和回收电池材料,用于新电池的再利用或供应其他工业化学部门。本文比较了美国和澳大利亚在向可再生能源存储过渡和开发电池供应链以支持围绕锂电池的循环经济的过程中所面临的挑战、障碍、机遇和成功。
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引用次数: 0
Experimental Study on the Thermal Conductivity of Three Natural Insulators for Industrial Fishing Applications 工业捕鱼用三种天然绝缘体导热系数的实验研究
Q2 Environmental Science Pub Date : 2023-10-06 DOI: 10.3390/recycling8050077
Laura Leinad Lobo-Ramos, Yulibeth Carolina Osorio-Oyola, Alvaro Espeleta-Maya, Francisco Narvaez-Montaño, Shirley Patricia García-Navarro, Luis Alfonso Moreno-Pacheco, Ricardo Andrés García-León
Ecological materials have been implemented in different industrial sectors due to their good performance as thermal insulators and the fact that they are 100% natural, recyclable, and biodegradable, contributing to environmental sustainability. The main objective of this article is to compare the thermal conductivity coefficients of three natural insulators with that of expanded polystyrene (a non-biodegradable material). Expanded polystyrene is one of the materials which is most often used to maintain cold temperatures in containers built for this purpose in the fishing industry; it is used for this purpose because of its properties, including a light weight and a high thermal insulation capacity and resistance. Almost all insulators have the ecological disadvantage of being environmentally unfriendly materials because they are made up of oil particles, which are not recyclable and are harmful to ecosystems. The natural insulator materials were evaluated and subjected to a drying process to reduce the humidity coefficient; then, the containers were built with an adequate insulation thickness of 25 mm. Three filling tests were carried out (at 100, 70, and 50%) to evaluate the thermal conductivity, using the Mann–Whitney U statistical analysis process to determine insulator differences. The results show that the expanded polystyrene had the lowest thermal conductivity of 0.032 W/m K, followed by the rice husk, which had a value of 0.036 W/m K. Finally, a comparative study of conservation costs was carried out in the different containers built with the natural insulators; the lowest value found was for the expanded polystyrene (COP 159.57 around USD 0.040). This allowed to conclude that rice husk is the material that comes closest to the insulating characteristics of expanded polystyrene.
生态材料在不同的工业领域得到了应用,因为它们具有良好的隔热性能,而且它们是100%天然的、可回收的、可生物降解的,有助于环境的可持续性。本文的主要目的是比较三种天然绝缘体与膨胀聚苯乙烯(一种不可生物降解的材料)的导热系数。膨胀聚苯乙烯是最常用的材料之一,用于维持渔业中为此目的而建造的容器的低温;它被用于这一目的,因为它的特性,包括重量轻,高隔热能力和电阻。几乎所有的绝缘体都有对环境不友好材料的生态劣势,因为它们是由油颗粒组成的,不可回收利用,对生态系统有害。对天然绝缘子材料进行了评价,并进行了干燥处理,以降低湿度系数;然后,用25毫米的绝缘厚度建造容器。使用Mann-Whitney U统计分析过程来确定绝缘体差异,进行了三次填充测试(在100,70和50%)来评估导热性。结果表明,膨胀聚苯乙烯的导热系数最低,为0.032 W/m K,其次是稻壳,导热系数为0.036 W/m K。最后,对比研究了不同天然保温层容器的保温成本;最低值是膨胀聚苯乙烯(COP 159.57,约0.040美元)。由此可以得出结论:稻壳是最接近膨胀聚苯乙烯绝缘特性的材料。
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引用次数: 1
Building a Deposit–Refund System (DRS) for Closed-Loop Recycling of Water Bottles in the United Arab Emirates 在阿拉伯联合酋长国建立一个用于水瓶闭环回收的押金-退款系统
Q2 Environmental Science Pub Date : 2023-10-03 DOI: 10.3390/recycling8050076
Wisam Abu Jadayil, Eman Aqil
Water bottles are widely used in the Gulf countries. One estimate indicates that the water bottle usage in the United Arab Emirates (UAE) may reach up to 250 L of water per person annually. Generally, the water bottles are made of polyethylene terephthalate (PET), a recyclable material. Because of the non-availability of a powerful incentive system, these recyclable water bottles are often disposed of in landfills. This paper proposes a feasibility study of building a Deposit–Refund System (DRS) to encourage the closed-loop recycling of 0.5 L PET water bottles in the UAE waste disposal system. Water bottles are collected by a reverse vending machine (RVM) and recycled to produce PET bottles, and the proposed system will reward consumers with 0.04 United Arab Emirates Dirham (AED) per deposited water bottle. Additionally, this study calculates the cost of 100% virgin polyethylene terephthalate (vPET) and 60% recycled polyethylene terephthalate (rPET) bottles based on the UAE population, data obtained from local water bottle companies, and existing research. Adopting this DRS will cut down on waste, protect the environment, improve the manufacturing process of water bottles, and boost the local economy.
水瓶在海湾国家被广泛使用。一项估计表明,在阿拉伯联合酋长国(UAE),每人每年的水瓶使用量可能高达250升。一般来说,水瓶是由聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)制成的,这是一种可回收材料。由于缺乏强有力的激励机制,这些可回收水瓶往往被扔进垃圾填埋场。本文提出了在阿联酋垃圾处理系统中建立押金-退款系统(DRS)以鼓励0.5 L PET水瓶的闭环回收的可行性研究。水瓶由反向自动售货机(RVM)收集,并回收生产PET瓶,拟议的系统将奖励消费者每个存放的水瓶0.04阿联酋迪拉姆(AED)。此外,本研究根据阿联酋人口、从当地水瓶公司获得的数据和现有研究计算了100%纯聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(vPET)和60%再生聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(rPET)瓶的成本。采用这种DRS将减少浪费,保护环境,改善水瓶的制造过程,并促进当地经济。
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引用次数: 0
Application Potential of Wastewater Fertigated Short Rotation Coppice Systems in a Selected Region (Aligarh, UP, India) 污水施肥短轮作林地系统在选定地区的应用潜力(印度北方邦阿里加尔)
Q2 Environmental Science Pub Date : 2023-09-29 DOI: 10.3390/recycling8050075
Mirko Hänel, Ganbaatar Khurelbaatar, Emil Jespersen, Aryan Upadhyay, Andrés Acosta, Nadeem Khalil, Hans Brix, Carlos A. Arias
In many Indian regions, increased wastewater is both a threat to public health and the environment, but it also presents an opportunity as a source of water and nutrients. With less than one-third of India’s wastewater treated and an alarming water scarcity situation, efficient wastewater treatment and reuse schemes are needed to face impending water and fertiliser shortages. This study explores the application potential of wastewater fertigated Short Rotation Coppice systems (wfSRC) as a cost-efficient and promising solution for treating and reusing wastewater in a specific region (400 km2, 184 settlements) of Aligarh (UP), India. Based on real data from a local wfSRC pilot site using bamboo, willow, and poplar, we analysed the system’s treatment performance, nutrient recovery, carbon sequestration potential, land requirements, biomass production potential, and cost–benefit, under various scenarios. The results show that the pilot wfSRC system is efficiently treating 250 m3/day of domestic wastewater on 6864 m2 of land, and serving 2500 people. The land requirements for wfSRC systems vary depending on local conditions (e.g., climate, soil type, wastewater composition) and user demands (e.g., water reuse efficiency, type, and amount of biomass). The calculated areas ranged from 2.75 to 25.7 m2/PE, which equates to a required land area in the whole study region of between 108 and 1006 ha in 2036. This would produce up to 100 DM t/ha/year of valuable biomass. Early local stakeholder involvement and the monitoring of pollutants are recommended as priorities during the planning process for the large-scale implementation of wfSRC systems in India.
在印度的许多地区,废水的增加既是对公共健康和环境的威胁,但它也提供了作为水和养分来源的机会。印度只有不到三分之一的废水得到了处理,而且水资源短缺的情况令人担忧,因此需要有效的废水处理和再利用方案来应对即将到来的水和肥料短缺。本研究探讨了污水施肥短轮作Coppice系统(wfSRC)在印度Aligarh (UP)特定地区(400平方公里,184个定居点)作为处理和再利用废水的一种具有成本效益和前景的解决方案的应用潜力。基于当地wfSRC试验点的真实数据,我们分析了该系统在不同情景下的处理性能、养分恢复、碳固存潜力、土地需求、生物质生产潜力和成本效益。试验结果表明,wfSRC系统在6864 m2的土地上有效处理生活污水250 m3/d,服务2500人。wfSRC系统的土地需求因当地条件(如气候、土壤类型、废水成分)和用户需求(如水再利用效率、生物质的类型和数量)而异。计算面积为2.75 ~ 25.7 m2/PE,相当于2036年整个研究区所需土地面积为108 ~ 1006 ha。这将产生高达100毫马克/公顷/年的宝贵生物质。在印度大规模实施wfSRC系统的规划过程中,建议将当地利益相关者的早期参与和污染物监测作为优先事项。
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引用次数: 0
Comparative Study of Adsorption of Methylene Blue and Basic Red 9 Using Rice Husks of Different Origins 不同来源稻壳对亚甲基蓝和碱性红9吸附性能的比较研究
Q2 Environmental Science Pub Date : 2023-09-27 DOI: 10.3390/recycling8050074
Hadid Sukmana, Etelka Tombácz, Gergő Ballai, Gábor Kozma, Zoltán Kónya, Cecilia Hodúr
Methylene blue (MB) and basic red 9 (BR9) are cationic dyes that are commonly used in the dye industry and negatively affect humans and other living organisms. This study compares the performance of Indonesian rice husk (IRH) and Hungarian rice husk (HRH) as bio-adsorbents for removing MB and BR9 from aqueous solutions. Chemical content, zeta potential, and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy analyses were used to characterize the rice husks (RHs). Adsorption studies were performed through batch experiments involving several parameters, namely, pH, adsorbent dose, initial dye concentration, contact time, and temperature to observe the self-association (aggregation) of MB and BR9. Adsorption kinetic studies showed that maximum dye removal was achieved at a contact time of 120 min. MB and BR9 adsorption followed a pseudo-second order kinetic model, and the BET multilayer isotherm model provided a better fit to the experimental data of MB and BR9 adsorption. The IRH adsorption capacities were 15.0 mg/g for MB and 7.2 mg/g for BR9, whereas those of HRH were 24.4 mg/g for MB and 8.3 mg/g for BR9. Therefore, these RHs are potential bio-adsorbents for removing MB and BR9 from aqueous solutions.
亚甲基蓝(MB)和碱性红9 (BR9)是染料工业中常用的阳离子染料,对人类和其他生物产生负面影响。本研究比较了印度尼西亚稻壳(IRH)和匈牙利稻壳(HRH)作为生物吸附剂去除水溶液中MB和BR9的性能。利用化学含量、zeta电位和傅里叶变换红外光谱对稻壳进行了表征。通过对pH、吸附剂剂量、初始染料浓度、接触时间、温度等参数进行批量吸附实验,观察MB和BR9的自缔合(聚集)。吸附动力学研究表明,在接触时间为120 min时,对染料的去除率达到最大。MB和BR9的吸附符合准二级动力学模型,BET多层等温线模型更符合MB和BR9的吸附实验数据。IRH对MB的吸附量为15.0 mg/g,对BR9的吸附量为7.2 mg/g, HRH对MB的吸附量为24.4 mg/g,对BR9的吸附量为8.3 mg/g。因此,这些RHs是去除水溶液中MB和BR9的潜在生物吸附剂。
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引用次数: 0
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