Pub Date : 2021-01-21DOI: 10.22370/rhv2020iss16pp137-167
Lianggi Espinoza, Juan Redmond, Pablo César Palacios Torres, Ismael Cortez Aguilera
AbstractThe development of philosophical ideas throughout history has sometimes been assisted by the use of handcrafted instruments. Some paradigmatic cases, such as the invention of the telescope or the microscope, show that many philosophical approaches have been the result of the intervention of such instruments. The aim of this article is to show the determining role that stringed musical instruments with frets had in the crisis and generation of philosophical paradigms. In fact, just as the observations of the moon with the telescope broke more than a thousand years of Aristotelian hegemony, the fretted string instruments, predecessors of the guitar, played a central role in the collapse of one of the most influential approaches in the history of Philosophy: Pythagorism. We focus on the fundamental hallmarks of Pythagorism and on how, during the 16th century and from the fretted string instruments, the mathematical-musical notion of equal temperament emerged, which from the middle of the 19th century will be established as the prevailing philosophical-musical paradigm of the West.
{"title":"Numerus surdus y armonía musical. Sobre el temperamento igual y el fin del reinado pitagórico de los números","authors":"Lianggi Espinoza, Juan Redmond, Pablo César Palacios Torres, Ismael Cortez Aguilera","doi":"10.22370/rhv2020iss16pp137-167","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22370/rhv2020iss16pp137-167","url":null,"abstract":"AbstractThe development of philosophical ideas throughout history has sometimes been assisted by the use of handcrafted instruments. Some paradigmatic cases, such as the invention of the telescope or the microscope, show that many philosophical approaches have been the result of the intervention of such instruments. The aim of this article is to show the determining role that stringed musical instruments with frets had in the crisis and generation of philosophical paradigms. In fact, just as the observations of the moon with the telescope broke more than a thousand years of Aristotelian hegemony, the fretted string instruments, predecessors of the guitar, played a central role in the collapse of one of the most influential approaches in the history of Philosophy: Pythagorism. We focus on the fundamental hallmarks of Pythagorism and on how, during the 16th century and from the fretted string instruments, the mathematical-musical notion of equal temperament emerged, which from the middle of the 19th century will be established as the prevailing philosophical-musical paradigm of the West.","PeriodicalId":36808,"journal":{"name":"Revista de Humanidades de Valparaiso","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68308522","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-21DOI: 10.22370/RHV2020ISS16PP169-189
M. Valente
It has been argued in relation to Old Babylonian mathematical procedure texts that their validity or correctness is self-evident. One “sees” that the procedure is correct without it having, or being accompanied by, any explicit arguments for the correctness of the procedure. Even when agreeing with this view, one might still ask about how is the correctness of a procedure articulated? In this work, we present an articulation of the correctness of ancient Egyptian and Old Babylonian mathematical procedure texts – mathematical texts presenting the solution of problems. We endeavor to make explicit and explain how and why the procedures are reliable over and above the fact that their correctness is intuitive.
{"title":"On the correctness of problem solving in ancient mathematical procedure texts","authors":"M. Valente","doi":"10.22370/RHV2020ISS16PP169-189","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22370/RHV2020ISS16PP169-189","url":null,"abstract":"It has been argued in relation to Old Babylonian mathematical procedure texts that their validity or correctness is self-evident. One “sees” that the procedure is correct without it having, or being accompanied by, any explicit arguments for the correctness of the procedure. Even when agreeing with this view, one might still ask about how is the correctness of a procedure articulated? In this work, we present an articulation of the correctness of ancient Egyptian and Old Babylonian mathematical procedure texts – mathematical texts presenting the solution of problems. We endeavor to make explicit and explain how and why the procedures are reliable over and above the fact that their correctness is intuitive.","PeriodicalId":36808,"journal":{"name":"Revista de Humanidades de Valparaiso","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47338334","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-21DOI: 10.22370/RHV2020ISS16PP215-237
J. A. Palacio
In this paper we will address one of the forms that assume the social conflict, considering an everyday behavior: the look and the ways of representation that it produces. The beginning of our argumentation is marked by Axel Honneth’s theory of recognition. His contributions give a perspective that allow us to unite the analysis of socials struggles with the problem of the look. For this work we study how Honneth build an ethical approach about the look, from the ideas of recognition and inter-subjectivity. In that sense, practical behavior like social humiliation and social domination, materialized through the look, are read as the negative reverse of recognition. We seek to think the look inserted in the social conflict beyond recognition, because we defend the hypothesis that the notion of recognition, as proposed by Honneth, assumes normative assumptions that visualize conflict as oriented to the consolidation of a mediated understanding of one`s own personality and the self-affirmation of subject, as also assumes an evolutionary logic rationality. Once shown this, we will answer the question: how to understand/comprehend the problem of the look from a different perspective?
{"title":"Axel Honneth: el conflicto social y los modos de la mirada. Apuntes para pensar el problema más allá del reconocimiento","authors":"J. A. Palacio","doi":"10.22370/RHV2020ISS16PP215-237","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22370/RHV2020ISS16PP215-237","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper we will address one of the forms that assume the social conflict, considering an everyday behavior: the look and the ways of representation that it produces. The beginning of our argumentation is marked by Axel Honneth’s theory of recognition. His contributions give a perspective that allow us to unite the analysis of socials struggles with the problem of the look. For this work we study how Honneth build an ethical approach about the look, from the ideas of recognition and inter-subjectivity. In that sense, practical behavior like social humiliation and social domination, materialized through the look, are read as the negative reverse of recognition. We seek to think the look inserted in the social conflict beyond recognition, because we defend the hypothesis that the notion of recognition, as proposed by Honneth, assumes normative assumptions that visualize conflict as oriented to the consolidation of a mediated understanding of one`s own personality and the self-affirmation of subject, as also assumes an evolutionary logic rationality. Once shown this, we will answer the question: how to understand/comprehend the problem of the look from a different perspective?","PeriodicalId":36808,"journal":{"name":"Revista de Humanidades de Valparaiso","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45958044","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-21DOI: 10.22370/rhv2020iss16pp89-110
Gonzalo Rodríguez-Pereyra
Universals have traditionally thought to obey the identity of indiscernibles, that is, it has traditionally been thought that there can be no perfectly similar universals. But at least in the conception of universals as immanent, there is nothing that rules out there being indiscernible universals. In this paper, I shall argue that there is useful work indiscernible universals can do, and so there might be reason to postulate indiscernible universals. In particular, I shall argue that postulating indiscernible universals can allow a theory of universals to identify particulars with bundles of universals, and that postulating indiscernible universals can allow a theory of universals to develop an account of the resemblance of quantitative universals that avoids the objections that Armstrong’s account faces. Finally, I shall respond to some objections and I shall undermine the criterion of distinction between particulars and universals that says that the distinction between particulars and universals lies in that while there can be indiscernible particulars, there cannot be indiscernible universals.
{"title":"Universales indiscernibles","authors":"Gonzalo Rodríguez-Pereyra","doi":"10.22370/rhv2020iss16pp89-110","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22370/rhv2020iss16pp89-110","url":null,"abstract":"Universals have traditionally thought to obey the identity of indiscernibles, that is, it has traditionally been thought that there can be no perfectly similar universals. But at least in the conception of universals as immanent, there is nothing that rules out there being indiscernible universals. In this paper, I shall argue that there is useful work indiscernible universals can do, and so there might be reason to postulate indiscernible universals. In particular, I shall argue that postulating indiscernible universals can allow a theory of universals to identify particulars with bundles of universals, and that postulating indiscernible universals can allow a theory of universals to develop an account of the resemblance of quantitative universals that avoids the objections that Armstrong’s account faces. Finally, I shall respond to some objections and I shall undermine the criterion of distinction between particulars and universals that says that the distinction between particulars and universals lies in that while there can be indiscernible particulars, there cannot be indiscernible universals.","PeriodicalId":36808,"journal":{"name":"Revista de Humanidades de Valparaiso","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44783954","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-30DOI: 10.5944/RDH.41.2020.22918
Ester Díaz Morillo
Resumen: A lo largo de la historia han tenido lugar episodios de grandes crisis que transformarian irremediablemente la vida de millones de personas. Uno de estos acontecimientos fue la gran hambruna producida en Irlanda entre 1845 y 1851, uno de los eventos mas tragicos de nuestra historia contemporanea que dejaria profundas huellas en su poblacion. Uno de sus efectos mas graves fue la oleada migratoria sin precedentes que llevo a numerosos irlandeses especialmente hasta las costas norteamericanas. Este articulo pretende, por tanto, estudiar la migracion irlandesa producida por la gran hambruna y las caracteristicas especiales que mostro y que la hizo distinguirse del resto de olas migratorias europeas decimononicas. La «nueva Irlanda» que se conformaria en lugares como Estados Unidos nunca perderia su vinculo con la isla y dejaria un legado imborrable en ciudades como Nueva York y Chicago. Abstract: Throughout history there have been episodes of major crisis which would inexorably transform the lives of millions. One of such events was the Great Famine that took place in Ireland between 1845 and 1851, which was one of the most tragic events in our contemporary history and which would leave important marks on its population. The great unprecedented migration wave which led countless Irish people, especially towards the North American coasts, was one of its gravest effects. The aim of this article, therefore, is to explore the Irish migration induced by this Great Famine and the special characteristics that it showed and that made it distinguishable from the rest of the migration waves from nineteenth-century Europe. The “new Ireland” which developed in places such as the United States would never lose its bond with the island and would leave an indelible legacy in cities like New York and Chicago.
摘要:历史上发生了一些重大危机，这些危机将不可逆转地改变数百万人的生活。这些事件之一就是1845年至1851年在爱尔兰发生的大饥荒，这是我们现代史上最悲惨的事件之一，给爱尔兰人民留下了深刻的印象。它最严重的影响之一是前所未有的移民浪潮，将许多爱尔兰人，特别是移民到美国海岸。因此，这篇文章的目的是研究由大饥荒引起的爱尔兰移民，以及我所展示的使其区别于19世纪其他欧洲移民浪潮的特殊特征。在美国这样的地方定居的“新爱尔兰”永远不会失去与该岛的联系，并在纽约和芝加哥等城市留下不可磨灭的遗产。摘要:在整个历史中，有几次重大危机将不可避免地改变数百万人的生活。One of events was the Great等人一样,在爱尔兰1845与1851,which was One of the most作出events in our当代history and which将离开重要marks on its人口。巨大的、前所未有的移民浪潮把无数的爱尔兰人，特别是向北美海岸移民，这是其最严重的影响之一。因此，本文的目的是探讨由这场大饥荒引起的爱尔兰移民，以及它所显示的特殊特征，使其与19世纪欧洲其他移民浪潮区分开来。《“新”的爱尔兰which发达in places,如The United States从不知道邦德with The island)和将会离开一个遗留indelible城市像纽约和芝加哥。
{"title":"La emigración irlandesa decimonónica tras la gran hambruna, parte intrínseca del carácter irlandés","authors":"Ester Díaz Morillo","doi":"10.5944/RDH.41.2020.22918","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5944/RDH.41.2020.22918","url":null,"abstract":"Resumen: A lo largo de la historia han tenido lugar episodios de grandes crisis que transformarian irremediablemente la vida de millones de personas. Uno de estos acontecimientos fue la gran hambruna producida en Irlanda entre 1845 y 1851, uno de los eventos mas tragicos de nuestra historia contemporanea que dejaria profundas huellas en su poblacion. Uno de sus efectos mas graves fue la oleada migratoria sin precedentes que llevo a numerosos irlandeses especialmente hasta las costas norteamericanas. Este articulo pretende, por tanto, estudiar la migracion irlandesa producida por la gran hambruna y las caracteristicas especiales que mostro y que la hizo distinguirse del resto de olas migratorias europeas decimononicas. La «nueva Irlanda» que se conformaria en lugares como Estados Unidos nunca perderia su vinculo con la isla y dejaria un legado imborrable en ciudades como Nueva York y Chicago. Abstract: Throughout history there have been episodes of major crisis which would inexorably transform the lives of millions. One of such events was the Great Famine that took place in Ireland between 1845 and 1851, which was one of the most tragic events in our contemporary history and which would leave important marks on its population. The great unprecedented migration wave which led countless Irish people, especially towards the North American coasts, was one of its gravest effects. The aim of this article, therefore, is to explore the Irish migration induced by this Great Famine and the special characteristics that it showed and that made it distinguishable from the rest of the migration waves from nineteenth-century Europe. The “new Ireland” which developed in places such as the United States would never lose its bond with the island and would leave an indelible legacy in cities like New York and Chicago.","PeriodicalId":36808,"journal":{"name":"Revista de Humanidades de Valparaiso","volume":"51 1","pages":"89-114"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78636767","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-30DOI: 10.5944/rdh.41.2020.27939
Óscar Salguero Montaño
Resumen: En las actuales sociedades plurales no confesionales, los grupos religiosos entienden el acceso al espacio público como un derecho a la ciudad. Este derecho legitima su condición de actores sociales, que traducen como visibilización en el espacio público y participación en la vida política del municipio, a través de diversas nociones vinculadas a la modernidad y la transparencia. Para explorar esta hipótesis, este artículo examina el caso de los musulmanes bangladeshíes del multicultural barrio madrileño de Lavapiés, el cual presenta semejanzas con otros barrios multiculturales de ciudades del sur de Europa como Lisboa o Roma: un barrio afectado por un acelerado proceso de gentrificación y turistificación. Se analizan las circunstancias en las que esta comunidad intenta acceder al espacio público, con el fin de lograr una mayor legitimación y reconocimiento, teniendo en cuenta las diferentes prácticas y discursos que se despliegan en determinados eventos y festividades.Abstract: In current nondenominational plural societies, religious groups understand access to public space as a right to the city. This right legitimizes their status as social actors, who are entitled to have a public life and to be recognized, through various notions linked to modernity and transparency. To explore this hypothesis, this article examines the case of Bangladeshi Muslims in Madrid’s multicultural neighborhood of Lavapiés, which has similarities with other multicultural neighborhoods in southern European cities, which has similarities with other multicultural neighbourhoods in southern European cities, such as Lisbon or Rome: a barrio affected by an accelerated gentrification and touristification process. It analyzes the circumstances through which this community attempts to access public space, in order to achieve further legitimization and recognition, by bringing into account the different practices and discourses displayed in specific events and festivities.
摘要:在当前的多元非宗派社会中，宗教团体将进入公共空间视为对城市的一种权利。这一权利使他们作为社会行动者的地位合法化，这转化为在公共空间的可见性和通过与现代性和透明度有关的各种概念参与市政当局的政治生活。浏览这个假设,本文审理案件的开拓性的穆斯林文化Lavapiés马德里小区、介绍与其他欧洲作为南方城市多元文化居民区里斯本附近或罗马:gentrificación进程加速和turistificación重灾区。本文分析了这个社区试图进入公共空间的情况，以实现更大的合法性和认可，考虑到在某些事件和庆祝活动中部署的不同实践和话语。摘要:在当前的无教派多元社会中，宗教团体认为进入公共空间是对城市的一种权利。这一权利使他们作为社会行动者的地位合法化，他们有权享有公共生活，并通过与现代性和透明度有关的各种概念得到承认。探索这个hypothesis,检查这条the case of Bangladeshi Muslims在马德里的文化街区of Lavapiés, which has been similarities with other文化neighborhoods in southern欧洲多元文化的城市,你which similarities with other neighbourhoods in southern欧洲城市,Lisbon或罗马:影响到附近,进行accelerated贵族化和touristification过程。它分析了这个社区试图进入公共空间的情况，以实现进一步的合法化和承认，同时考虑到具体活动和庆祝活动中所展示的不同做法和话语。
{"title":"El islam en el espacio público de los barrios multiculturales del sur de Europa: el caso de Lavapiés, Madrid","authors":"Óscar Salguero Montaño","doi":"10.5944/rdh.41.2020.27939","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5944/rdh.41.2020.27939","url":null,"abstract":"Resumen: En las actuales sociedades plurales no confesionales, los grupos religiosos entienden el acceso al espacio público como un derecho a la ciudad. Este derecho legitima su condición de actores sociales, que traducen como visibilización en el espacio público y participación en la vida política del municipio, a través de diversas nociones vinculadas a la modernidad y la transparencia. Para explorar esta hipótesis, este artículo examina el caso de los musulmanes bangladeshíes del multicultural barrio madrileño de Lavapiés, el cual presenta semejanzas con otros barrios multiculturales de ciudades del sur de Europa como Lisboa o Roma: un barrio afectado por un acelerado proceso de gentrificación y turistificación. Se analizan las circunstancias en las que esta comunidad intenta acceder al espacio público, con el fin de lograr una mayor legitimación y reconocimiento, teniendo en cuenta las diferentes prácticas y discursos que se despliegan en determinados eventos y festividades.Abstract: In current nondenominational plural societies, religious groups understand access to public space as a right to the city. This right legitimizes their status as social actors, who are entitled to have a public life and to be recognized, through various notions linked to modernity and transparency. To explore this hypothesis, this article examines the case of Bangladeshi Muslims in Madrid’s multicultural neighborhood of Lavapiés, which has similarities with other multicultural neighborhoods in southern European cities, which has similarities with other multicultural neighbourhoods in southern European cities, such as Lisbon or Rome: a barrio affected by an accelerated gentrification and touristification process. It analyzes the circumstances through which this community attempts to access public space, in order to achieve further legitimization and recognition, by bringing into account the different practices and discourses displayed in specific events and festivities.","PeriodicalId":36808,"journal":{"name":"Revista de Humanidades de Valparaiso","volume":"48 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78531793","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-30DOI: 10.5944/RDH.41.2020.23183
G. Vigna
Resumen: En esta contribucion se estudia la escena del aprendizaje lector y el encuentro con el libro que seis escritores contemporaneos cristalizan en sus libros de memorias. A traves del analisis de tres topicos estrechamente relacionados con dicha vivencia de la etapa infantil —la influencia de mentor; la rebelion al mundo escolar; el listado de obras influyentes—, se apreciara el poder consolador y correctivo del libro en el trasfondo historico de la Guerra Civil espanola y de los primeros anos del franquismo. A partir de esta aproximacion, el articulo mostrara, por un lado, como los ninos protagonistas de los libros escogidos contestaran el canon literario impuesto y el sistema educativo oficial, rechazado a favor del autodidactismo. Por el otro, sera posible apreciar el retrato que estos memorialistas ofrecen de aquellos anos de represion. Abstract: In this paper we study the scene of the learning of reading and the encounter with the Book as six contemporary writers narrate in their memoirs. Through the analysis of three autobiographemes related to this experience of the childhood —the mentor’s influence; the school rebellion; the list of influential literary works—, we will appreciate the consoling and corrective power of the book during the Spanish Civil War and the earlier years of the Francoist regime. From this approach, this paper will show, on the one hand, how the main characters of the selected memoirs reject the imposed literary canon, as well as the formal educational system in favor of self-learning. On the other, it will give us a portrait of Spanish society in those repressive years.
摘要:本文研究了六位当代作家在他们的回忆录中所体现的读者学习场景和与书的相遇。通过对与儿童时期经历密切相关的三个主题的分析——导师的影响;对学校世界的反叛;在西班牙内战和佛朗哥统治早期的历史背景下，这本书的安慰和纠正力量将得到赞赏。从这个角度出发，本文将首先展示所选书籍的主角是如何回应强加的文学规范和官方教育体系的，而不是支持自学。一方面，我们可以欣赏到这些记忆学家对那些被镇压的岁月的描绘。摘要:在本文中，我们研究了学习阅读的场景和与书的相遇，作为六位当代作家在他们的回忆录中叙述。通过分析与这一童年经历有关的三部自传——导师的影响;学校叛乱;the list of influential literary works—,we will appreciate the consoling and corrective power of the book during the [Civil War and the也2008年《Francoist制度。通过这种方法，本文将一手展示选定的回忆录的主要人物如何拒绝强加的文学规范，以及支持自学的正规教育体系。另一方面，它将给我们一幅西班牙社会的肖像在这些压抑的年代。
{"title":"Lectura y aprendizaje lector en tiempos de guerra","authors":"G. Vigna","doi":"10.5944/RDH.41.2020.23183","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5944/RDH.41.2020.23183","url":null,"abstract":"Resumen: En esta contribucion se estudia la escena del aprendizaje lector y el encuentro con el libro que seis escritores contemporaneos cristalizan en sus libros de memorias. A traves del analisis de tres topicos estrechamente relacionados con dicha vivencia de la etapa infantil —la influencia de mentor; la rebelion al mundo escolar; el listado de obras influyentes—, se apreciara el poder consolador y correctivo del libro en el trasfondo historico de la Guerra Civil espanola y de los primeros anos del franquismo. A partir de esta aproximacion, el articulo mostrara, por un lado, como los ninos protagonistas de los libros escogidos contestaran el canon literario impuesto y el sistema educativo oficial, rechazado a favor del autodidactismo. Por el otro, sera posible apreciar el retrato que estos memorialistas ofrecen de aquellos anos de represion. Abstract: In this paper we study the scene of the learning of reading and the encounter with the Book as six contemporary writers narrate in their memoirs. Through the analysis of three autobiographemes related to this experience of the childhood —the mentor’s influence; the school rebellion; the list of influential literary works—, we will appreciate the consoling and corrective power of the book during the Spanish Civil War and the earlier years of the Francoist regime. From this approach, this paper will show, on the one hand, how the main characters of the selected memoirs reject the imposed literary canon, as well as the formal educational system in favor of self-learning. On the other, it will give us a portrait of Spanish society in those repressive years.","PeriodicalId":36808,"journal":{"name":"Revista de Humanidades de Valparaiso","volume":"145 1","pages":"115-132"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79058466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-30DOI: 10.5944/RDH.41.2020.22907
Rosa María Suárez Muñoz, María del Mar Ortiz Camacho, Antonio Baena Extremera
Resumen: El vestuario teatral, en la genesis de un proyecto escenico de danza, se considera un elemento mas cuya importancia radica en su significacion. El objetivo general de este trabajo ha sido constatar la importancia del traje escenico como herramienta transmisora de conceptos y como elemento simbolico que aporta un sentido a la interpretacion de la Danza Espanola. Se ha estudiado el uso de este vestuario desde una perspectiva profesional (Ballet Nacional de Espana (BNE), interpretes y coreografos de reconocido prestigio) y desde una perspectiva educativa (Conservatorios Profesionales de Danza de Andalucia-Espana (CPDA)). Se ha realizado una triangulacion metodologica combinando investigacion cuantitativa y cualitativa utilizando como instrumentos basicos el cuestionario y entrevistas previamente validadas. Como conclusion, resalta la importancia otorgada al uso del vestuario teatral en la Danza Espanola como herramienta comunicativa intencional, asi como su aportacion a la interpretacion en la representacion escenica, confirmandose asi las hipotesis planteadas. Abstract: The theatrical costumes, in the genesis of a scenic dance project, are considered one more element whose importance lies in its significance. The aim of this paper has been to verify the importance of it as a communicating tool of concepts and as a symbolic element that contributes a sense to the interpretation of Spanish Dance. The use of this costume has been studied from a professional perspective ( National Ballet of Spain (BNE), renowned performers and choreographers) and from an educational perspective ( Professional Dance Conservatories of Andalusia (Spain) (CPDA)), making a methodological triangulation that combines quantitative and qualitative research, using the questionnaire and previously validated interviews as basic instruments. As a conclusion, the importance given to the use of theatrical costumes in Spanish Dance as an intentional communicative tool stands out, as well as their contribution to the interpretation in the scenic representation, confirming the hypotheses raised.
摘要:戏剧服装，在舞台舞蹈项目的起源中，被认为是另一个元素，其重要性在于它的意义。这项工作的总体目标是验证舞台服装作为一种传递概念的工具和象征元素的重要性，为西班牙舞蹈的解释带来意义。从专业的角度(西班牙国家芭蕾舞团(BNE)，著名的表演者和编舞家)和教育的角度(安达卢西亚-西班牙专业舞蹈学院(CPDA))研究了这种服装的使用。本研究采用定量和定性研究相结合的方法进行三角剖分，使用问卷和先前验证的访谈作为基本工具。在这篇文章中，我们分析了在西班牙舞蹈中使用戏剧服装作为一种有意的交流工具的重要性，以及它对舞台表演的诠释的贡献，从而证实了提出的假设。Abstract: theatrical costumes, in The genesis of a scenic舞蹈项目,是one more element谁的重视,史蒂文·索德伯格in its significance。The aim of this paper has been to verify The租用的重视of it as a tool of概念and as a symbolic element that密a sense to The interpretation of…跳舞。The use of this costume has been studied from专业观点(National芭蕾舞of Spain BNE)、renowned performers choreographers)及from an educational perspective professional跳舞Conservatories of Spain) (CPDA Andalusia), making a方法triangulation combines制定和定性研究,利用本调查问卷和事先validated交谈的基本文书。综上所述，在西班牙舞蹈中使用戏剧服装作为一种有意的交际工具的重要性，以及它们对风景表演中的诠释的贡献，证实了所提出的假设。
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Pub Date : 2020-12-30DOI: 10.5944/rdh.41.2020.24030
Teresa M;aría Ortega López
Resumen: Este artículo se propone dar a conocer el discurso de género construido por los intelectuales y las culturas políticas conservadoras, tradicionalistas y confesionales españolas en las tres primeras décadas del siglo XX. Aquel discurso se insertó en las profundas transformaciones políticas, sociales y culturales que se estaban registrando en aquellos años, tanto en España como en los países de su entorno. Con ese discurso, escritores, políticos y pensadores liberales, antiliberales, tradicionalistas y católicos buscaban respuestas al desasosiego que les producían aquellos movimientos y prácticas sociales que eran percibidos como amenazas a la superioridad viril, a la vigencia de los valores supuestamente masculinos, y a la supremacía y la honorabilidad varonil. Las derechas españolas, especialmente del período de entreguerras, mostraron claras afinidades en lo que respecta a la construcción discursiva de la mujer. Tanto los teóricos del tradicionalismo carlista como los monárquicos, cedistas y falangistas elaboraron un discurso de género y unas identidades de masculinidad y feminidad que se forjaron tanto en las ideas reaccionarias y tradicionalistas del siglo XIX, como en las nuevas corrientes de pensamiento antiliberal de los comienzos del XX. En los años siguientes, aquel discurso de género sería asimilado por la dictadura franquista.Abstract: The main target of this article is to explain the leading features of the gender discourse, built both by the intellectuals such as by the conservatives, traditionalists and confessional Spanish political cultures, during the first three decades of the twentieth century. This mentioned discourse was inserted in the profound political, social and cultural changes that were in course of implantation those years, both in Spain and in the countries of their geographical environment. With that discourse a wide range of liberal, anti-liberal, Catholics or traditionalist thinkers and politicians were seeking answers to the unrest which the movements and social practices perceived as threats to the virile superiority, or to the validity of the manliness values, produced to all them. Both the Spanish conservatives as the Rights in general showed clear affinities in their efforts toward the discursive construction of women. The main theorists of the traditionalism, the monarchism and the fascism created a gender discourse and a symbolic reconstruction of the values of masculinity and femininity that were forged in the reactionary and anti-liberal ideologies of the nineteenth century, as in the new currents of illiberal thought that emerged from the beginnings of the XXth. In the following years, the above mentioned gender discourse would be assimilated by the Franco´s dictatorship.
摘要:本文旨在揭示20世纪前三十年西班牙知识分子和保守、传统和宗派政治文化所构建的性别话语。这一论述是那些年在西班牙及其周边国家发生的深刻政治、社会和文化变革的一部分。与那个演讲、作家、政治和自由思想家、antiliberales传统天主教之后他们生产的不安的答复那些运动和社会实践是一成不变的男子威胁上风,价值观的普遍实施,应该在男性至上和相邻的男子气概。西班牙右翼，特别是在两次世界大战期间，在女性话语建构方面表现出明显的亲和力。理论家和民俗carlista拥护君主制人士、cedistas falangistas编制性别和身份讲话特质都在了19世纪反动思想和传统的流动,就像新思想antiliberal 20世纪初期。在接下来的几年里，这种性别话语被佛朗哥独裁政权同化了。摘要:本文的主要目的是解释性别话语的主要特征，这些话语是由知识分子如保守主义、传统主义和忏悔主义的西班牙政治文化在二十世纪的前三十年中建立起来的。上述论述是在这些年西班牙及其地理环境国家在实施过程中发生的深刻的政治、社会和文化变化中插入的。广泛的自由主义、反自由主义、天主教或传统主义思想家和政治家的论述，都在寻求对所有这些人所感受到的运动和社会实践威胁男子气概优越性或男子气概价值有效性的痛苦的答案。西班牙保守派和《权利法案》在对妇女的论述建设方面都表现出明显的亲和力。The main引of The traditionalism, The monarchism and The discourse and a symbolic重建性别的created a masculinity价值观和femininity民工forged in The reactionary anti-liberal ideologies of The nineteenth century, as in The new currents of illiberal thought that from The beginnings笔名of The XXth委内瑞拉。在接下来的几年里，上述性别言论将被佛朗哥独裁政权所接受。
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Pub Date : 2020-12-30DOI: 10.5944/RDH.41.2020.23063
Jara Muñoz Hernández
Resumen: La actual Ciudad Universitaria de Madrid se situa sobre el que fue uno de los Reales Sitios madrilenos, el de La Florida y La Moncloa. Este articulo tiene como objeto contestar a la pregunta ?que habia antes?, centrandose en el edificio de la Real Fabrica de Porcelana, que posteriormente se convertiria en el primer edificio universitario de la zona, la Escuela de Ingenieros Agronomos, antes de que el campus siquiera se imaginase. Se enfoca, ademas, el trabajo no solo desde el punto de vista historico, sino tambien desde el analisis arquitectonico, y se utiliza el dibujo como instrumento metodologico para establecer hipotesis que nos permitan comprender como fue ese lugar y como se ha transformado hasta llegar al edificio que conocemos hoy dia. Abstract: Madrid’s Ciudad Universitaria is located on the grounds of the ancient La Florida and La Moncloa Real State, which was one of the madrilian royal properties. This article aims to answer the question what was there before?, focusing on the building of the Royal Porcelain Manufacture. It would later become the first university building in the area –the School of Agricultural Engineers–, even before the campus was envisaged. We approach this work not only from a historical perspective, but also from the architectural analysis, using drawing as a tool to understand how this place was and how it developed towards the current building we know today.
摘要:现在的马德里大学城位于曾经是马德里皇家遗址之一的地方，佛罗里达和蒙克洛亚。这篇文章旨在回答以下问题:“之前发生了什么?”以皇家瓷厂(royal porcelain factory)为中心，该建筑后来成为该地区的第一所大学建筑——农业工程学院(Agronomos school of engineering)，甚至在校园还没有被想象出来之前。工作的重点,此外,不仅从发展角度看待历史,也是从分析arquitectonico,绘画用作建立hipotesis metodologico工具使我们能够理解它是如何改变那个地方正如已到我们所熟知的建筑一天。摘要:Ciudad Universitaria位于La Florida和La Moncloa Real State的旧址上，这是马德里皇家地产之一。这条以问题的答案之前what was there ?= =地理= =根据美国人口普查，该县的总面积为，其中土地和(2.641平方公里)水。它后来成为该地区的第一个大学建筑——农业工程师学院，甚至在校园被考虑之前。We approach this work not only从历史观点、确保from the architectural analysis using drawing as a tool to明白how this place was and how it发达towards the current building We know today。
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