BDJ Open最新文献

Objectives: The aim of the present study was to compare the accuracy of fully guided implant insertion in vitro achieved by two fabrication methods in a cohort of undergraduates. We hypothesized that both methods achieve a comparable accuracy.

Methods: Surface scans and cone beam computed tomography images of 48 mandibular models were matched. For each model, two surgical guides enabling a fully guided implant insertion in the region of the first molar on the left or the right side were virtually designed. Fabrication by either Digital Light Processing (DLP) or Fused Filament Fabrication (FFF) followed. Subsequently, 96 implants using the guides were inserted into the models by 48 undergraduate students. The accuracy of the implant insertion was assessed radiographically, followed by statistical analysis. Additionally, all participants completed a questionnaire.

Results: The implants inserted using guides made by DLP showed a higher accuracy compared to guides made by FFF. The mean three-dimensional deviation was 1.94 ± 1.05 vs. 3.35 ± 2.03 degrees (p < 0.001). The evaluation of the questionnaires revealed mainly theoretical knowledge and a pronounced interest in implant dentistry.

Discussion: The main hypothesis has to be rejected as there were statistically significant differences in accuracy. However, it is possible to teach students the principles of guided implant dentistry and the digital workflow. Furthermore, the initial and running costs for the FFF workflow are substantially lower enabling a higher practicability for undergraduate education.

Conclusion: Despite the lower accuracy of the templates made from FFF the method seems to be suitable for laboratory hands-on courses for undergraduates.

Aim: Clinical and radiographic evaluation of SDF versus MTA as indirect pulp capping agents in deeply carious first permanent molars.

Methodology: This study was conducted on (30) first permanent molars indicated for indirect pulp capping (IPC) randomly allocated to either SDF or MTA groups (n = 15). The molars were finally restored with glass hybrid glass ionomer restoration. Clinical assessment was conducted at 3, 6, 9 and 12 months, while radiographic assessment was performed at 6 and 12 months using predetermined criteria. Data was statistically analyzed.

Results: There was no statistically significant difference between both groups for all assessed clinical and radiographic parameters, including dentin bridge formation, at all follow-up periods. There was no evidence of clinical or radiographic failure in either group.

Conclusions: SDF showed a high success rate compared to MTA and can be considered a promising alternative IPC agent in permanent molars.

Introduction: There is a continued increase of older dependant adults in England. Foundation Dentists (FDs) are often the dental workforce being tasked with providing dental care to dependant older adults resident in care home settings. This study explores whether FDs have the experience and confidence to deliver this.

Aim: This service evaluation aimed to explore FDs' attitudes, perceptions and experiences delivering dentistry to dependant older adults' resident in care home settings; to help inform workforce and service delivery planning.

Methods: All North West England (NW) FDs were invited to complete a semi-structured questionnaire at a regional study session. Results were analysed using descriptive and thematic analysis.

Results: There were 93 (80.1%) respondents, with the majority aged 20-24 years old (56, 60.2%), female (57, 61.3%) and with an United Kingdom undergraduate dental degree (88, 94.6%). Most respondents had no experience in delivering care in a care home setting at either undergraduate (85, 91.4%) or FD level (84, 90.3%). Only 14 respondents (15.1%) reported confidence to deliver dentistry in a care home setting.

Conclusion: To deliver dental care for dependant older adults resident in care home settings, FDs require additional training and clinical support. There is a need to review the undergraduate dental curriculum and NHS postgraduate training programmes to increase knowledge and skills for this vulnerable group.

Objectives: To assess the validity of light-induced and laser-induced fluorescence devices compared to the visual-tactile method for detecting secondary caries around resin composite restorations.

Materials and methods: The study included 20 participants with 30 resin-composite restored teeth. Restorations' margins were examined using three diagnostic methods: the visual-tactile method (FDI criteria), the light-induced fluorescence camera (VistaCam iX), and the laser-induced fluorescence device (DIAGNOdent pen), and the reference was visual inspection after removal of defective restorations. The validity of each method was evaluated. Inter-examiner reliability was calculated using Cohen's kappa statistics. The level of significance was set at P = 0.05.

Results: DIAGNOdent pen showed the highest sensitivity (100%) followed by VistaCam (98.82%) and the visual-tactile method (98.82%) at the enamel threshold. DIAGNOdent pen and VistaCam had lower specificity values than the visual-tactile method (81.69%, 76.06%, and 88.73% respectively). At the dentin threshold, DIAGNOdent pen yielded the highest sensitivity (89.36%), whereas VistaCam had the lowest (8.51%). The sensitivity of the visual-tactile method was low (57.45%) whereas all diagnostic methods had high specificity. There was perfect agreement in inter-examiner reliability for all assessment methods (Kappa 0.858-0.992).

Conclusions: Both fluorescence-based devices and the visual-tactile method are reliable for detecting secondary caries around resin composite restorations. DIAGNOdent pen is accurate in enamel and dentin, while VistaCam and the visual-tactile method can detect secondary caries in enamel only.

Clinical relevance: Fluorescence-based devices could be used as a valuable aid to supplement or as a second opinion after the visual-tactile method.

Trial registration: The study was listed on www.

Clinicaltrials: gov with registration number (NCT04426604) on 11/06/2020.

Background: Oral health professionals should have good COVID-19 vaccine literacy as should physicians and nurses. However, little is known about COVID-19 literacy and vaccine hesitancy among oral health professionals in Japan.

Aims: This study aimed to investigate the status of COVID-19 literacy and vaccine hesitancy among oral health professionals by comparing them with other healthcare workers (HCWs).

Methods: To compare these differences, a self-administered questionnaire-based survey of 596 staff members was conducted in March 2023 at schools, an affiliated hospital, and elderly care facilities after the staff who wished to receive it completed the fifth dose of COVID-19 vaccinations. Comparison between the recognition levels and number of vaccine doses among the HCWs were examined using the Kruskal-Wallis tests. Defining the third or lower doses of COVID-19 vaccine as vaccine hesitancy, factors associated with the hesitancy were examined using logistic regression analysis.

Results: In total, 408 (68.5%) participants were enrolled for the study. Dental hygienists' COVID-19 literacy levels were lower compared to those of nurses and physicians. Dentists received a significantly lower number of vaccine doses than did physicians. Vaccine hesitancy was positively associated with younger age and higher concern about the adverse effects of the vaccine, but it was not associated with occupation.

Conclusion: Interventions to improve the low COVID-19 literacy and high COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy among oral health professionals, particularly young ones, are needed for COVID-19 and future pandemics.

Background: Dental treatment may not be possible for patients with a profound acquired brain injury without pharmacological support. Intravenous (IV) sedation with midazolam is a widely accepted, safe, and effective mode of treatment for people with a disability, but there is limited evidence in this patient cohort.

Aims: This evaluation aimed to review the IV sedation service for patients with profound acquired brain injury within the dental department at the Royal Hospital for Neuro-disability.

Method: This study was a retrospective service evaluation of IV sedation for dental treatment over seven years. Descriptive statistics are presented.

Results: In total, 303 episodes of sedation were undertaken at the Royal Hospital of Neurodisability over seven years. Ninety-two percent were graded with an American Society of Anaesthesiologists (ASA) grade 3, and one-third had a history of stroke. 91% had treatment completed successfully. Complications occurred in 7.9% of cases, but all were minor, with no resulting patient harm (e.g. a transient drop in oxygen saturation).

Conclusion: Dentist-led IV sedation with midazolam is safe and effective for dental treatment for patients with a profound acquired brain injury in a specialised setting with experienced clinicians.

Background: Mefakia is a well-known traditional chewing wood used in Ethiopia to cleanse the mouth. Although mefakia is used in parallel with modern toothbrushes to improve oral hygiene, there is a gap in the literature regarding its comparative performance in removing plaque and maintaining good oral hygiene.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate and compare the oral hygiene status of patients using mefakia and modern toothbrushes at the Holy Bethel Dental Clinic in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.

Methods: This comparative cross-sectional study was conducted at the Holy Bethel Dental Clinic in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. A total of 246 patients (123 mefakia and 123 modern toothbrush users) were included in this study. Participants were selected using a systematic random sampling method. Data on demographic characteristics, oral hygiene practices, and clinical oral health parameters, such as the calculus index, were collected through interviews and clinical examinations. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 23 to compare the oral hygiene status between the two groups. The results are presented in tables, diagrams, and text.

Results: Most respondents were aged 20-39; 66.7% and 73.2% used mefakia and toothbrushes, respectively. Sixty-seven percent of the toothbrush users had good oral hygiene, whereas 65% of the mefakia users had good oral hygiene.

Conclusions: This finding suggests that mefakia and modern toothbrushes are comparable in their effectiveness in maintaining oral hygiene. Dental education should emphasize using available and affordable oral hygiene tools such as mechanical toothbrushes and fluoridated toothpaste to improve overall oral hygiene.

Introduction: Guided surgery for immediate anterior implants aims to reduce the time required for aesthetic and functional immediate loading. However, the limited surface area of anterior teeth for guide stabilization may affect the accuracy of implant positioning. This in vitro study evaluated the effect of the number of supporting teeth on the accuracy of immediate implants in the maxillary central incisor region.

Methods: 28 replica implants were inserted into 28 upper jaw models, simulating immediate post-extraction sockets of tooth 11. Based on the number of supporting teeth, the implants were categorized into G1 (four adjacent teeth) and G2 (six adjacent teeth). The planned and actual implant positions were compared using the evaluation module of the implant planning software. Angular and 3D deviations were measured as the primary outcomes. Statistical analysis was performed using the two-sample t-test, with p-values less than 0.05 defined as statistically significant.

Results: Between group G1 and G2, angular deviation was measured at 4.63 ± 0.71° and 3.59 ± 0.97°, respectively, while the implant apex 3D deviation was 2.08 ± 0.21 mm for G1 and 1.40 ± 0.27 mm for G2. These differences were statistically significant (p = 0.003 and p < 0.001, respectively). Other discrepancy variables in G2 demonstrated lower values but were not statistically significant compared to G1.

Conclusion: The number of supporting teeth for the surgical guide can influence the accuracy of immediate implant surgery. While both four-teeth and six-teeth supports demonstrated acceptable clinical implant accuracy, a surgical guide supported by six teeth can enhance implant precision.

Background: Oral Lichen Planus is one of the most popular chronic mucocutaneous diseases. It is classified as potentially malignant lesions. Many microRNAs can be used as biological markers for the disease and for its malignant transformation. The aim of the study to measure the expression of microRNA-93 and microRNA-412-3p in Oral Lichen Planus patients, patients diagnosed as Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma and healthy controls.

Methodology: A total of 60 patients were divided into 3 groups; each group contains 20 patients. Group I for Oral Lichen Planus patients, group II for healthy controls and group III for Oral Squamous cell carcinoma patients. All of these patients were chosen from those attending Kasr Al-Einy hospital, Cairo University. After full diagnosis and matching of our eligibility criteria, saliva sample was taken from each patient to measure the concentration of microRNA-93 and microRNA-412-3p.

Results: Both microRNA-93 and miceoRNA-412-3p were upregulated in Oral Squamous cell carcinoma patients than Oral Lichen patients than controls and both of them had great sensitivity, specificity and diagnostic accuracy for both Oral Lichen Planus and Oral Squamous cell carcinoma.

Conclusion: MicroRNA-93 and micriRNA-412-3p can be used as diagnostic markers and for the oncogenic potential of Oral Lichen Planus.