Atmospheric Environment: X最新文献_第8页

Estimation of heterogeneous vehicle carbon dioxide emission trajectories using integrated vehicle, road, travel, and environmental data 利用综合车辆、道路、旅行和环境数据估算异质车辆二氧化碳排放轨迹

IF 3.4 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Atmospheric Environment: X

Pub Date : 2025-08-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.aeaoa.2025.100359

Hui Ding , Hui Gao , Yonghong Liu

Individual vehicle travel carbon dioxide (CO₂) emission (CE) trajectories were crucial for targeting high-emitters for precise control and guiding low-carbon travel. Variations in CE arise from vehicle performance, traffic conditions, and trip purposes. Using real Automatic Vehicle Identification (AVI) data and integrating multi-source vehicle, road, trip, and environmental data, this study proposed an "Identification-Calculation-Evaluation" framework to quantify and analyze city-scale full-individual vehicle CE trajectories. A case in Xuancheng, China, was conducted and revealed spatiotemporal CE heterogeneity. The results showed that approximately 50 % of CE was contributed by the top 5 % of high-emission vehicles, exhibiting a significant “Pareto Principle”. Among the top 5 % of high-emission vehicles, LPC-gasoline (57 % of vehicles, 40 % of CE), HDT-diesel (32 %, 42 %), and Taxi-gasoline (5 %, 12 %) were the main contributors. Their daily CE trajectory ranges were [0, 6] kg, [0, 15] kg, and [0, 8] kg, respectively. Taxi-gasoline and HDT-diesel exhibit more individual variation. Peak-time CE trajectories on these Top 5 % vehicles were 2–6 times higher than off-peak. For LPC-gasoline and Taxi-gasoline, over 60 % of CE occurred during congestion links. Peak times of CE trajectories occurred around 7:00 and 17:00 on a day, with spatial hotspots predominantly concentrated in urban core areas. Notably, Taxi-gasoline vehicles exhibited more clustered hotspots. HDT-diesel CE trajectories peaked earlier (6:00–7:00), with hotspots distributed along major urban corridors, and CE was 1–3 times higher than in ordinary areas. This study provided precise support for low-carbon traffic governance, and the framework could be extended to other cities to inform carbon reduction strategies.

个人车辆出行二氧化碳（CO2）排放轨迹对于精确控制高排放和指导低碳出行至关重要。车辆性能、交通状况和出行目的会导致交通负荷的变化。本研究利用真实车辆自动识别（AVI）数据，整合多源车辆、道路、出行和环境数据，提出了“识别-计算-评估”框架，对城市尺度下整车CE轨迹进行量化分析。以中国宣城为例，揭示了CE的时空异质性。结果表明，大约50%的CE是由前5%的高排放车辆贡献的，这体现了重要的“帕累托原则”。在前5%的高排放车辆中，lpc -汽油（57%的车辆，40%的CE）， hdt -柴油（32%,42%）和出租车-汽油（5%,12%）是主要贡献者。每日CE轨迹范围分别为[0,6]kg、[0,15]kg和[0,8]kg。出租车汽油和hdt柴油表现出更多的个体差异。排名前5%的车辆在高峰时段的碳排放轨迹是非高峰时段的2-6倍。对于低油耗汽油和出租车汽油，超过60%的碳排放发生在拥堵路段。空间热点主要集中在城市核心区；值得注意的是，出租车汽油车出现了更多的聚集热点。高密度柴油碳排放轨迹峰值较早（6:00-7:00），热点分布在主要城市走廊沿线，碳排放比普通地区高1-3倍。该研究为低碳交通治理提供了精确的支持，并可推广到其他城市，为碳减排战略提供参考。

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引用次数: 0

Prediction of on-road CO2 emissions with high spatio-temporal resolution implementing multilayer perceptron 基于多层感知器的高时空分辨率道路CO2排放预测

IF 3.4 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Atmospheric Environment: X

Pub Date : 2025-08-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.aeaoa.2025.100368

Hao Yang , Kuang Xiao , Xing Xiang , Xing Wang , Xi Wang , Yunsong Du , Guangming Shi , Xin Zheng , Hongli Tao , Huanbo Wang , Fumo Yang

On-road carbon emissions represent a significant portion of transportation emissions in China and are a critical focus for future carbon reduction efforts. High spatio-temporal resolution emission inventories are vital for facilitating dynamic carbon reduction in cities. This study employs the Multilayer Perceptron (MLP) model to simulate variations in road traffic volume at the segment level and predict on-road CO₂ emissions with high spatio-temporal resolution. The results demonstrate that this method can effectively reproduce the spatio-temporal distribution of on-road traffic, with R² exceeding 0.6 for most road types and overall RMSE of 88 vehicles/h, respectively. Applied in Chengdu's Jinniu District, southwestern China, results show CO₂ emissions peak during morning (7–9 a.m.) and evening (16–18 p.m.) commutes, concentrated on main roads. Morning peaks are lower but grow faster than evening peaks. CO₂ emissions significantly increase on holidays and weekends with moderate temperatures and no or light rain. These insights support urban dynamic carbon reduction planning.

道路碳排放占中国交通排放的很大一部分，是未来碳减排工作的重点。高时空分辨率排放清单对于促进城市动态碳减排至关重要。本研究采用多层感知器（Multilayer Perceptron， MLP）模型在路段水平上模拟道路交通量的变化，并以高时空分辨率预测道路上的二氧化碳排放。结果表明，该方法能有效再现道路交通时空分布，大部分道路类型R2均超过0.6，总体RMSE为88辆/h。在中国西南部成都市金牛区应用的结果显示，二氧化碳排放量在早上7点到9点和晚上16点到18点的通勤时间达到峰值，主要集中在主要道路上。早晨的峰值较低，但增长速度快于晚上的峰值。在气温适中、无雨或小雨的假期和周末，二氧化碳排放量显著增加。这些见解支持城市动态碳减排规划。

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引用次数: 0

Applicability of compact and useful PM2.5 instrument with gas sensors in Japan and Thailand 具有气体传感器的小巧实用的PM2.5仪器在日本和泰国的适用性

IF 3.4 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Atmospheric Environment: X

Pub Date : 2025-07-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.aeaoa.2025.100350

Humm Kham Zan Zan Aung , Suwanna Kitpati Boontanon , Jiaru Li , Yosuke Sakamoto , Kentaro Murano , Narin Boontanon , Yoshizumi Kajii

Sophisticated standard instruments are not always available for high-density multipoint air quality observations owing to their relatively high cost, large size, and high-power consumption. Low-cost sensors may be used as supportive or potential solutions for atmospheric observations. This study aimed to evaluate applicability of the compact and useful PM_2.5 instrument with gas sensors (CUPI-G), which can measure real-time temperature, humidity, particulate matter (PM_2.5), carbon monoxide (CO), nitric oxide (NO), nitrogen dioxide (NO₂), and oxidant, O_x (O₃+NO₂), and to observe the respective air pollution patterns in the suburban areas of developed and developing countries, selected as Japan and Thailand, respectively. The CUPI-G was validated with collocated standard instruments at both sites using a mathematical correction method to improve reproducibility before observation. Air quality observations were conducted for two weeks respectively from June 1^st to June 14^th, 2022, in Kyoto City, Japan and from October 28^th to November 12^th, 2022, in Nong Khaem District, Bangkok Province, Thailand, using CUPI-G. In Japan, applicability of the CUPI-G revealed different correlations, r = −0.30 to 0.89 with data from the nearest air monitoring station. In Thailand, it achieved strong correlations, r = 0.71 to 0.82 with the results of the nearest station. This study revealed the applicability performance, aiding future deployment of the CUPI-G and corresponding air pollution characteristics at observatories. Our results suggest a better performance of CUPI-G at polluted sites and recommend its use in developing countries having less-developed sites with lack of routine measurement equipment.

精密的标准仪器由于其相对较高的成本、较大的尺寸和高功耗，并不总是可用于高密度多点空气质量观测。低成本传感器可作为大气观测的辅助或潜在解决方案。本研究旨在评估可实时测量温度、湿度、颗粒物（PM2.5）、一氧化碳（CO）、一氧化氮（NO）、二氧化氮（NO2）和氧化剂Ox （O3+NO2）的小型实用气体传感器（CUPI-G）的适用性，并观察发达国家和发展中国家（分别为日本和泰国）郊区的空气污染模式。为了提高观察前的重现性，在两个地点配置了标准仪器，采用数学校正方法对CUPI-G进行了验证。在2022年6月1日至6月14日，在日本京都和2022年10月28日至11月12日，在泰国曼谷省Nong Khaem区分别进行了为期两周的空气质量观测。在日本，cpui - g的适用性与最近的空气监测站的数据显示出不同的相关性，r = - 0.30至0.89。在泰国，它与最近的站点的结果具有很强的相关性，r = 0.71至0.82。本研究揭示了CUPI-G的适用性，有助于未来在天文台部署相应的空气污染特征。我们的研究结果表明，CUPI-G在污染场地具有更好的性能，并建议在缺乏常规测量设备的欠发达场地的发展中国家使用。

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引用次数: 0

Area source emissions: a validation study of CALPUFF and LAPMOD models 区域源排放：CALPUFF和LAPMOD模型的验证研究

IF 3.4 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Atmospheric Environment: X

Pub Date : 2025-07-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.aeaoa.2025.100348

Francesca Tagliaferri, Alessandra Rota, Marzio Invernizzi

Dispersion models are essential for predicting pollutant behavior in the atmosphere, but discrepancies between models can introduce uncertainties. Validating models with real data is crucial to ensuring accuracy. Previous studies have highlighted differences between CALPUFF and the particle model LAPMOD: while both yield relatively similar results for point sources, significant discrepancies arise for area sources. This study assesses the performance of both models using experimental datasets. The analysis shows that CALPUFF estimates higher concentrations than LAPMOD and performs better against observed values, meeting all validation criteria. LAPMOD is less consistent, with a non-optimal FAC2 and high VG due to outliers caused by receptor arrangement. However, both models align well with experimental data under ideal conditions. In conclusion, CALPUFF proves more reliable, whereas LAPMOD, despite its tendency to underestimate, provides useful results once outliers are excluded.

色散模型对于预测大气中污染物的行为至关重要，但模型之间的差异会带来不确定性。用真实数据验证模型对于确保准确性至关重要。先前的研究强调了CALPUFF和粒子模型LAPMOD之间的差异：虽然两者对点源产生相对相似的结果，但对面积源产生显著差异。本研究使用实验数据集评估了这两种模型的性能。分析表明，CALPUFF估计的浓度高于LAPMOD，并且对观测值的性能更好，符合所有验证标准。LAPMOD不太一致，由于受体排列引起的异常值导致FAC2非最佳，VG高。然而，在理想条件下，这两种模型都与实验数据很好地吻合。总之，CALPUFF证明更可靠，而LAPMOD，尽管其倾向于低估，一旦排除异常值，提供有用的结果。

引用次数: 0

Verification of fossil CO2 emissions from Swiss cement factories using direct and indirect 14CO2 measurements 使用直接和间接的二氧化碳测量方法验证瑞士水泥厂的化石二氧化碳排放量

IF 3.8 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Atmospheric Environment: X

Pub Date : 2025-07-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.aeaoa.2025.100349

Dylan Geissbühler , Thomas Laemmel , Mathieu Antoni , Philip Gautschi , Lukas Wacker , Sönke Szidat

Cement production currently emits approximately 8 % of global CO₂. However, the fossil content of these emissions can vary significantly due to methods used to reduce fossil emissions, such as the increased use of alternative fuels. Here, we investigated three CO₂ sampling methods used to analyse ¹⁴CO₂ and estimate the fossil fraction (in terms of F¹⁴C) of emissions from three Swiss cement factories. First, direct stack exhaust gas sampling was conducted at a main study site over 6 months and ¹⁴CO₂ measurements were compared with ¹⁴C values from producer fuel use data. A positive offset in F¹⁴C was observed with theoretical values compared to the measurements. This could be reduced by adjusting the assumed ¹⁴C content of some fuels, particularly shredded wood waste. Second, repeated downwind CO₂ emission plume sampling campaigns were carried out at all sites, allowing for a remote estimation and comparison of their F¹⁴C signatures. These measurements yielded realistic average values but also demonstrated sensitivity to local wind conditions, i.e. wind speed and direction. Lastly, we analysed the bulk ¹⁴C content of tree leaves collected around each site to assess their long-term atmospheric fossil CO₂ exposure. Although the observed ¹⁴C depletion and fossil fraction were generally small (close to uncertainty ranges), trees near the factories consistently showed lower F¹⁴C values than background trees. Direct stack exhaust gas sampling proved to be the most reliable approach for quantifying fossil CO₂ emissions from cement production. Crucially, adjustments made to fuel ¹⁴C contents to match measurements suggested an underestimation of fossil CO₂ emissions from the producer at our main site by more than 2 %.

水泥生产目前排放的二氧化碳约占全球的8%。然而，由于采用了减少化石排放的方法，例如增加替代燃料的使用，这些排放的化石含量可能会有很大差异。在这里，我们研究了三种二氧化碳采样方法，用于分析14CO2并估计三家瑞士水泥厂排放的化石组分（按F14C计算）。首先，在一个主要研究地点进行了为期6个月的直接烟囱废气采样，并将14CO2测量值与生产商燃料使用数据中的14C值进行了比较。与测量值相比，F14C的理论值为正偏移。这可以通过调整一些燃料，特别是碎木材废料中假定的14C含量来减少。其次，在所有站点重复进行顺风CO2排放羽流采样活动，允许远程估计和比较其F14C特征。这些测量得到了真实的平均值，但也显示了对当地风况的敏感性，即风速和风向。最后，我们分析了每个地点周围收集的树叶的总体14C含量，以评估它们长期暴露于大气中的化石二氧化碳。虽然观测到的14C损耗和化石组分通常很小（接近不确定范围），但工厂附近的树木始终显示出比背景树木更低的F14C值。事实证明，直接烟囱废气取样是量化水泥生产过程中化石二氧化碳排放量的最可靠方法。至关重要的是，对燃料14C含量进行的调整与测量结果相匹配，表明在我们的主要地点，生产商的化石二氧化碳排放量低估了2%以上。

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引用次数: 0

On the potential of biogeochemical models to predict hot moments of N2O following dry-wet cycles 生物地球化学模型预测干湿循环后N2O热矩的潜力

IF 3.8 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Atmospheric Environment: X

Pub Date : 2025-07-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.aeaoa.2025.100347

Lukas Hey , Katharina H.E. Meurer , Hermann F. Jungkunst

引用次数: 0

Contributions of different livestock production animals to dispersion-modelled ambient ammonia and particulate matter in a livestock-dense area 畜禽密集区不同畜牧生产动物对分散模拟环境氨和颗粒物的贡献

IF 3.8 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Atmospheric Environment: X

Pub Date : 2025-07-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.aeaoa.2025.100345

Ceder R. Raben , Hans J. Erbrink , Serigne B. Lô , Gerard Hoek , Dick J.J. Heederik , Wietske Dohmen

Ammonia (NH₃) and primary PM10 emitted by livestock production affect health and biodiversity, making their reduction essential. Quantities of emitted NH₃ and PM10 vary across different livestock species, potentially leading to different regional spatial patterns of NH₃ and PM10. This complicates the development of effective mitigation strategies. This study aims to provide insight into how different livestock production animals affect spatial patterns of NH₃ and PM10.

The study area of ∼40 x 50 km2 encompassed a livestock-dense area with ∼2000 farms, several residential clusters and nature parks in the Netherlands. Spatial concentration patterns were predicted for ∼100,000 receptor points on a 100 x 100 m² grid using a dispersion model based on farm emissions. Model assumptions were evaluated through sensitivity analyses.

Livestock production emissions significantly increased local levels of NH₃ and more moderately elevated local levels of PM10. Spatial concentration patterns were strongly driven by geospatial distributions of farms as well as livestock species, with elevated concentrations observed in areas where farms were densely clustered. The distribution of farm contributions to total NH₃ concentrations at receptor points was characterized by numerous small contributions from multiple farms across the study area. Concentrations were higher in rural parts of the study area and characterized by the combination of these small contributions with a few large contributions from nearby farms. Inclusion of farms in a wide radius was especially important for modelling NH₃ concentrations in nature areas. These findings imply that generic reduction of livestock farm emissions should be investigated for the formulation of mitigation strategies.

畜牧业生产排放的氨（NH3）和初级PM10影响健康和生物多样性，因此减少它们至关重要。不同家畜种类的NH3和PM10排放量存在差异，可能导致不同区域NH3和PM10的空间分布格局。这使制定有效的缓解战略变得复杂。本研究旨在揭示不同畜牧业生产动物对NH3和PM10空间格局的影响。研究区域面积约40 x 50 km2，包括荷兰一个牲畜密集区，约2000个农场，几个住宅区和自然公园。使用基于农场排放的分散模型，预测了100 x 100 m2网格上约100,000个受体点的空间浓度模式。通过敏感性分析评估模型假设。畜牧业生产排放显著增加了当地的NH3水平，而PM10水平则略微升高。农场和牲畜种类的地理空间分布强烈地驱动了空间浓度格局，在农场密集聚集的地区观察到浓度升高。农场对总NH3浓度在受体点的贡献分布的特征是来自研究区域内多个农场的大量小贡献。研究区的农村地区的浓度较高，其特点是这些小贡献与附近农场的一些大贡献相结合。将农场纳入广泛的半径范围对于模拟自然地区NH3浓度尤为重要。这些研究结果表明，应该对牲畜养殖场排放的普遍减少进行调查，以制定缓解战略。

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引用次数: 0

Comprehensive analysis of heavy metals in indoor PM2.5: Source identification and health risk assessment in Dhaka, Bangladesh 室内PM2.5中重金属的综合分析：孟加拉国达卡的来源识别和健康风险评估

IF 3.8 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Atmospheric Environment: X

Pub Date : 2025-07-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.aeaoa.2025.100346

Snigdha Aziz , Shahid Uz Zaman , Shatabdi Roy , Farah Jeba , Md Safiqul Islam , Mohammad Moniruzzaman , Abdus Salam

Indoor air pollution and its associated health risks have become a critical concern in developing countries. This study analyzed particulate matter (PM_2.5) collected from six indoor locations in Dhaka, Bangladesh. Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS) was used for measuring the concentration of thirteen heavy metals (Pb, Cd, Cr, Zn, Be, V, Ni, Hg, As, Co, Se, Mn, and Cu). Among these, Mn, Cd, Hg, and Pb exceeded United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) guideline values, with Hg surpassing USEPA thresholds by over 50 times, Cd by more than 6-fold, and Pb by over fourfold, indicating substantial anthropogenic influence. Zn and Pb were identified as the primary contributors to indoor PM_2.5, with high enrichment of Zn, Pb, Hg, Se, and Cd indicating strong anthropogenic influence. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) revealed two major components, explaining 71.26 % of the total variance. Acidity-alkalinity analysis revealed that PM_2.5 in Dhaka was predominantly acidic, with greater concentrations of NO₃⁻ and SO₄²⁻ further supporting the role of anthropogenic activities. Non-carcinogenic risk assessment showed hazard index (HI) values exceeding 10 at three locations, with Ni, Mn, and Cd posing the greatest risks for both children and adults. For carcinogenic risks, Total Cancer Risk (TCR) values at all sites exceeded acceptable thresholds. Cr, Cd, and As were the dominant contributors to TCR, and adults consistently exhibited higher risks than children due to lifetime exposure. This study provides novel, policy-relevant evidence on indoor air quality challenges in Dhaka, highlighting the urgent need for targeted interventions to mitigate heavy metal exposure and safeguard public health in dense urban environments.

室内空气污染及其相关的健康风险已成为发展中国家严重关切的问题。这项研究分析了从孟加拉国达卡的六个室内地点收集的颗粒物（PM2.5）。采用电感耦合等离子体质谱法（ICP-MS）测定了13种重金属（Pb、Cd、Cr、Zn、Be、V、Ni、Hg、As、Co、Se、Mn、Cu）的浓度。其中，Mn、Cd、Hg和Pb超过美国环境保护署（USEPA）的指导值，其中Hg超过USEPA阈值50倍以上，Cd超过6倍以上，Pb超过4倍，表明存在较大的人为影响。Zn和Pb是室内PM2.5的主要贡献者，其中Zn、Pb、Hg、Se和Cd富集程度较高，表明人为影响较大。主成分分析（PCA）揭示了两个主要成分，解释了总方差的71.26%。酸碱度分析显示，达卡的PM2.5以酸性为主，NO3 -和SO42 -浓度较高，进一步支持了人为活动的作用。非致癌风险评估显示，三个地点的危害指数（HI）值超过10，其中Ni、Mn和Cd对儿童和成人都构成最大风险。对于致癌风险，所有地点的总癌症风险（TCR）值都超过了可接受的阈值。铬、镉和砷是TCR的主要贡献者，由于终生接触，成人的风险始终高于儿童。这项研究为达卡的室内空气质量挑战提供了新的、与政策相关的证据，强调了在密集的城市环境中采取有针对性的干预措施以减轻重金属暴露和保障公众健康的迫切需要。

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引用次数: 0

A study of VOCs in waste incinerator plumes and landfill emissions via drone sounding 利用无人机探测研究垃圾焚烧炉烟气和垃圾填埋场排放的挥发性有机化合物

IF 3.8 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Atmospheric Environment: X

Pub Date : 2025-07-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.aeaoa.2025.100344

Chih-Yuan Chang , Yen-Chen Chen , Jia-Lin Wang , Wen-He Kao , Chieh-Heng Wang , Xiang-Xu Pan , Chang-Feng Ou-Yang , Hsin-Cheng Hsieh , Wen-Tzu Liu , Chih-Chung Chang

Incineration is a waste treatment method that involves burning the organic components of waste. While this process significantly reduces the volume of waste sent to landfills, it also generates environmental pollution and poses potential risks to public health. Although volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emitted from some combustion processes have been studied, VOCs released in the form of aerial plumes from incinerator smokestacks have rarely been evaluated. This knowledge gap is primarily due to the lack of suitable observation techniques for accurately detecting and capturing smokestack plumes. In this study, we employed novel drone-based observation and sampling techniques to investigate the characteristic VOCs emitted from a waste incineration smokestack. Additionally, we analyzed VOC emissions from landfills to provide a comparative assessment. Our findings indicate that incinerator plumes presented higher proportions of ethane, propane, ethyne, benzene, acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, and benzaldehyde, while nonanal and decanal originated mainly from landfills. Another species of interest is trimethylsilanol (TMSiOH), which has been observed in particularly high concentrations in both incinerator plumes and landfill emissions. TMSiOH levels from these sources were significantly higher than those detected in urban, rural, roadside, and background atmospheric environments, highlighting its potential as a characteristic marker of incinerator plumes and landfill emissions to identify pollution sources. Overall, this study demonstrates that unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV)-based sounding enables real-time detection of aerial plumes and characterization of incinerator plumes and landfill emissions. In addition, we proposed TMSiOH as a potential marker for incinerator plume and landfill emissions, which may provide important assistance in identifying pollution sources.

焚烧是一种废物处理方法，涉及燃烧废物的有机成分。虽然这一过程大大减少了送往垃圾填埋场的废物量，但它也造成环境污染，并对公众健康构成潜在风险。虽然对某些燃烧过程排放的挥发性有机化合物（VOCs）进行了研究，但很少对焚化炉烟囱中以空气羽流形式释放的VOCs进行评估。这种知识差距主要是由于缺乏准确探测和捕获烟囱羽流的适当观测技术。在这项研究中，我们采用新颖的无人机观测和采样技术来研究垃圾焚烧烟囱排放的特征挥发性有机化合物。此外，我们分析了垃圾填埋场的挥发性有机化合物排放量，以提供比较评估。研究结果表明，焚化炉烟气中乙烷、丙烷、乙炔、苯、丙酮、甲基乙基酮和苯甲醛的含量较高，而壬醛和癸醛主要来自垃圾填埋场。另一种令人感兴趣的物质是三甲基硅醇（TMSiOH），在焚化炉烟尘和垃圾填埋场排放物中都观察到其浓度特别高。这些来源的TMSiOH水平明显高于城市、农村、路边和背景大气环境中检测到的TMSiOH水平，突出了其作为焚化炉烟雾和垃圾填埋场排放的特征标记物识别污染源的潜力。总体而言，本研究表明，基于无人机（UAV）的探测能够实时探测空中羽流，并表征焚化炉羽流和垃圾填埋场排放。此外，我们建议TMSiOH作为焚烧炉羽流和垃圾填埋场排放的潜在标记物，这可能为识别污染源提供重要帮助。

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引用次数: 0

Pollutants variability over the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia 沙特阿拉伯王国的污染物变化

IF 3.8 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Atmospheric Environment: X

Pub Date : 2025-07-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.aeaoa.2025.100343

Amgad Saber , Ahmad E. Samman , Abdallah Abdaldym , Motirh Al-Mutairi , Mohamed Eid , Heshmat Abdel Basset

Air pollution poses significant threats to ecosystems, public health, and urban areas. This study analyzed the spatiotemporal patterns of O₃, CO, NO_x, and SO₂ across Saudi Arabia (KSA), comparing industrial Al-Ahsa (east) with mountainous Al-Baha (west). Using CAMS data (2003–2023), we examined pollutant distributions and wind relationships across 15 pressure levels. O₃ peaks in summer (110 DU) due to high temperatures and subsiding air, with winter lows (70 DU). Summer O₃ is also influenced by vertical motion. CO concentrations are highest in winter (22 g/m²), linked to fuel combustion, and lowest in summer due to higher temperatures and elevated hydroxyl radicals. In the western region, NO_x peaks in summer (0.8 g/m²) and dips in winter/early spring. SO₂ is highest in autumn (1.4 g/m²) and lowest in summer. Eastern NO_x and SO₂ fluctuations are tied to local emissions and meteorology, with summer minima. CO shows the least variability, while SO₂ has the most, followed by NO_x and O₃. Trends reveal O₃ significantly increasing in southwestern KSA, CO generally decreasing but rising in the southwest and southeast, NO_x showing weak increases (except central decreases), and SO₂ increasing in industrial areas but declining broadly. These diverse trends highlight the strong regional impact of emissions and human activities on pollutant behavior across KSA.

空气污染对生态系统、公共卫生和城市地区构成重大威胁。本研究分析了沙特阿拉伯（KSA）地区O3、CO、NOx和SO2的时空格局，并对东部工业地区Al-Ahsa和西部山区Al-Baha进行了比较。利用CAMS数据（2003-2023），我们研究了15个压力水平的污染物分布和风的关系。由于高温和下沉空气，O3在夏季达到峰值（110 DU），冬季最低（70 DU）。夏季O3也受垂直运动的影响。CO浓度在冬季最高（22 g/m2），与燃料燃烧有关，在夏季最低，因为温度较高和羟基自由基升高。西部地区氮氧化物峰值出现在夏季（0.8 g/m2），冬季/早春下降。SO2在秋季最高（1.4 g/m2），夏季最低。东部氮氧化物和二氧化硫的波动与当地的排放和气象有关，夏季最低。CO变化最小，SO2变化最大，其次是NOx和O3。趋势表现为西南地区O3显著增加，西南和东南地区CO普遍减少但上升，NOx微弱增加（除中部地区减少外），SO2在工业区增加但普遍下降。这些不同的趋势突出了排放和人类活动对整个沙特阿拉伯地区污染物行为的强烈区域影响。

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引用次数: 0