Atmospheric Environment: X最新文献_第3页

Unregulated particle and VOC emissions from comparable diesel, gasoline and natural gas vehicles 同类柴油、汽油和天然气车辆的颗粒和挥发性有机化合物排放不受管制

IF 3.4 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Atmospheric Environment: X

Pub Date : 2025-10-31 DOI: 10.1016/j.aeaoa.2025.100390

Boris Vansevenant , Ashok Singh Vishnoi , Amélie De Filippis , Laetitia Beillon , Guillaume Toïc , Yassine Azizi , Bernard Guiot , Corinne Ferronato , Ludovic Fine , Patrick Tassel , Sophie Serindat , Yao Liu

The use of Natural Gas for Vehicles (NGV) is increasing due to estimated positive impacts on exhaust emissions and carbon footprint. However, significant emissions of unregulated particles in the ultrafine range have been reported in the literature. Significant variations have also been observed, but data is still lacking to thoroughly describe NGV emissions. This is particularly true for some vehicle categories such as light commercial vehicles. A clear need therefore exists to additionally document the NGV emissions, especially unregulated compounds with health or environmental effects such as ultrafine particles and Volatile and Intermediate-Volatility Organic Compounds (VOCs/IVOCs). This study presents the emissions of methane, regulated gases, total particles from 5.6 nm with size distribution, and VOCs/IVOCs. It focuses on NGV, diesel and gasoline passenger cars and light commercial vehicles with comparable technical characteristics. Results show that during regeneration phases, ultrafine particle emissions from gasoline vehicles with particle filters increase by factors 40 to 800. They also show high emissions of ultrafine particles from NGV, with significant shares of sub-23 and sub-10 nm particles (more than 2/3 of the emissions). The organics emitted by the NGV are less volatile than those from diesel or gasoline. Coupled with the significant sub-10 and sub-23 nm particles from NGV, this suggests that the particles could be partly semi-volatile. The NGV particle emissions might thus be underestimated with current normative protocols. In addition to measuring particles from 10 nm in the upcoming Euro 7 norm, this study indicates that quantifying semi-volatile particles could help better describe vehicular emissions, especially for NGV vehicles.

由于对废气排放和碳足迹的积极影响，汽车天然气（NGV）的使用正在增加。然而，文献中已经报道了超细范围内不受管制颗粒的显著排放。我们也观察到显著的变化，但仍然缺乏数据来彻底描述NGV的排放。对于一些车辆类别，如轻型商用车，尤其如此。因此，显然需要额外记录NGV排放，特别是对健康或环境有影响的不受管制的化合物，如超细颗粒和挥发性和中间挥发性有机化合物（VOCs/IVOCs）。本研究提供了甲烷排放量、管制气体排放量、5.6 nm粒径分布的总颗粒排放量以及VOCs/IVOCs排放量。重点发展具有可比技术特性的NGV、柴油和汽油乘用车以及轻型商用车。结果表明，在再生阶段，使用颗粒过滤器的汽油车的超细颗粒排放量增加了40 ~ 800倍。它们还显示出NGV超细颗粒的高排放量，其中sub-23和sub-10 nm颗粒的比例很大（超过排放量的2/3）。NGV排放的有机物比柴油或汽油排放的有机物挥发性更低。再加上NGV中大量的亚10和亚23纳米颗粒，这表明这些颗粒可能部分是半挥发性的。因此，目前的规范协议可能低估了NGV颗粒的排放。除了在即将到来的欧7标准中测量10纳米的颗粒外，这项研究还表明，量化半挥发性颗粒可以帮助更好地描述车辆排放，特别是对NGV车辆。

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引用次数: 0

Characterization of gaseous and particulate atmospheric emissions, including the condensable particulate fraction, from small biomass boilers (150 kW-1.65 MW) in France 法国小型生物质锅炉（150 kW-1.65 MW）的气体和颗粒大气排放特征，包括可冷凝颗粒部分

IF 3.4 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Atmospheric Environment: X

Pub Date : 2025-10-31 DOI: 10.1016/j.aeaoa.2025.100391

Sergio Harb , Benjamin Cea , Nicolas Karoski , Adrien Dermigny , Vincent Fuvel , Benjamin Cuniasse , Florence Paulus , Isaline Fraboulet

Biomass combustion is the primary source of renewable energy in France. However, it also significantly contributes to outdoor air pollution. This energy sector is undergoing major changes, including evolving regulations, improved fuel types, and enhanced emission control technologies. While the performance of larger installations (>1 MW) is well documented, less is known about biomass boilers with lower capacities. It has become crucial to better understand the operation of smaller biomass boilers, assess their contribution to atmospheric pollution, and identify methods to reduce their emissions.

The ACIBIOQA project investigated emissions from six biomass boilers with nominal power outputs ranging from 150 kW to 1.65 MW across France. Measurements included combustion gas-phase characterization (O₂, CO₂, CO, NOx, and organic gaseous compounds: OGCs) and particulate-phase characterization, covering total particulate matter (TPM), including both solid (SP) and condensable fractions, PM₁₀, PM_2.5, and PM₁ by mass, 15 heavy metals, 8 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs).

Measured concentrations (corrected to 6 vol% O₂) varied widely: CO ranged from 153 to 8841 mg Nm⁻³, NOx from 172 to 395 mg eq. NO₂ Nm⁻³, and organic gaseous compounds from <1 to 634 mg eq. C Nm⁻³. TPM ranged from <1.5 to 475 mg Nm⁻³, with SP between <0.3 and 475 mg Nm⁻³. The condensable fraction contributed 4–26 % to TPM. PM₁ dominated the mass size distribution, accounting for 60–100 %. PAHs ranged from 0.1 to 340 μg Nm⁻³, and heavy metals from 0.03 to 6.7 mg Nm⁻³.

Emission levels were influenced by boiler nominal power output, combustion load, operating regime, and filtration technology. Particularly, CO, OGCs, and PAHs were highest under unstable and low-load conditions. SP emissions increased with the number of combustion cycles and decreased operating load, while bag filters appeared to reduce SP levels. Higher condensable fractions were observed in boilers with complete on/off cycles and lower nominal outputs.

This study provides new insights into emissions from small biomass boilers and represents a pioneering effort to characterize the condensable particulate fraction at the national level. Emission factors were calculated and compared with literature and national inventory values.

生物质燃烧是法国可再生能源的主要来源。然而，它也大大加剧了室外空气污染。这个能源部门正在经历重大变革，包括不断完善的法规、改进的燃料类型和加强的排放控制技术。虽然大型装置（>；1兆瓦）的性能有很好的记录，但对容量较低的生物质锅炉知之甚少。更好地了解小型生物质锅炉的运行，评估其对大气污染的贡献，并确定减少其排放的方法已变得至关重要。ACIBIOQA项目调查了法国6个生物质锅炉的排放情况，这些锅炉的额定功率从150千瓦到1.65兆瓦不等。测量包括燃烧气相表征（O2, CO2， CO， NOx和有机气态化合物：OGCs）和颗粒相表征，涵盖总颗粒物（TPM），包括固体（SP）和可冷凝组分，PM10, PM2.5和PM1的质量，15种重金属，8种多环芳烃（PAHs）。测量的浓度（校正为6 vol% O2）变化很大：CO的范围从153到8841 mg Nm - 3， NOx的范围从172到395 mg当量NO2 Nm - 3，有机气体化合物的范围从1到634 mg当量C Nm - 3。TPM范围为<；1.5 ~ 475 mg Nm - 3， SP范围为<；0.3 ~ 475 mg Nm - 3。可凝部分对TPM的贡献率为4 ~ 26%。PM1在质量粒度分布中占主导地位，占60% ~ 100%。多环芳烃范围为0.1 ~ 340 μg Nm - 3，重金属范围为0.03 ~ 6.7 mg Nm - 3。排放水平受锅炉额定功率输出、燃烧负荷、运行状态和过滤技术的影响。在不稳定和低负荷条件下，CO、OGCs和PAHs含量最高。随着燃烧循环次数的增加和运行负荷的降低，SP排放量增加，而袋式过滤器似乎降低了SP水平。在具有完整开/关循环和较低标称输出的锅炉中观察到较高的可冷凝馏分。这项研究为小型生物质锅炉的排放提供了新的见解，并代表了在国家层面上表征可冷凝颗粒分数的开创性努力。计算排放因子，并与文献和国家清查值进行比较。

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引用次数: 0

Metal filters and MOF-polymer composites for high-temperature flue gas filtration: A review 金属过滤器和mof -聚合物复合材料用于高温烟气过滤的研究进展

IF 3.4 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Atmospheric Environment: X

Pub Date : 2025-10-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.aeaoa.2025.100387

Eva Gregorovičová, Jiří Pospíšil

Solid fuel combustion produces harmful particulate matter (PM) and gaseous emissions in the flue gas. To mitigate PM, advanced filtration materials using metal meshes, metal composites, and MOF-polymer composites have been studied. Gaseous emissions can be adsorbed using metal-organic frameworks (MOFs). Metal filters are suitable for high-temperature flue gas filtration (>200 °C) thanks to their high mechanical strength and thermal stability. This review covers research articles (2019–2023) on metal filters and MOF-polymer composites for flue gas filtration. While metal filters are already widely implemented in industrial systems, MOF-polymer composites remain at the research and development stage. Particular emphasis is placed on their filtration performance at high-temperature flue gas and assessment of their potential in combustion systems.

固体燃料燃烧会在烟气中产生有害颗粒物（PM）和气体排放。为了减少PM，人们研究了先进的过滤材料，包括金属网、金属复合材料和mof聚合物复合材料。气体排放可以用金属有机框架（mof）来吸附。金属过滤器由于其高机械强度和热稳定性，适用于高温烟气过滤（>200°C）。本文综述了2019-2023年关于金属过滤器和mof聚合物复合材料用于烟气过滤的研究文章。虽然金属过滤器已经在工业系统中广泛应用，但mof聚合物复合材料仍处于研究和开发阶段。特别强调了它们在高温烟气中的过滤性能，并评估了它们在燃烧系统中的潜力。

引用次数: 0

Performance assessment and deployment of a low-cost device for urban air quality monitoring in a developing country 发展中国家城市空气质量监测低成本设备的性能评估和部署

IF 3.4 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Atmospheric Environment: X

Pub Date : 2025-10-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.aeaoa.2025.100386

Anuva Bhowmick , Louise Olsen-Kettle , Yali Li , Suwanna Kitpati Boontanon , Narin Boontanon

Air pollution poses a significant threat to public health in rapidly developing countries like Bangladesh, necessitating robust and cost-effective monitoring solutions. This study validates the performance of the CUPI-G device, a low-cost air quality monitoring device, in Dhaka, Bangladesh. The CUPI-G, equipped with electrochemical sensors for PM_2.5, CO, NO, NO₂, and O₃, was deployed across multiple sites representing diverse urban environments, including residential, near-road, and educational areas. Data from the CUPI-G was validated with a collocated reference instrument using statistical (single and multiple linear regression) and machine learning (random forest, RF) approaches. The RF model, particularly when incorporating relative humidity, demonstrated superior performance in predicting pollutant concentrations, with high correlation coefficients (e.g., O₃: R

^{2}

=0.798) and low error metrics (RMSE=3.594 ppb, MAPE=4.812 %). However, model accuracy decreased when applied outside the training humidity range, highlighting the need for broader validation datasets. Despite this, the CUPI-G device was validated without using the relative humidity as a factor and was found to still perform adequately. A two-month spatial analysis across three different areas revealed that the hourly average of PM_2.5 and O₃ concentrations peaked in the near roadways as 89

μ

g/m

^{3}

and 66.50 ppb, respectively. NO₂ levels were highest in the residential area at 63.49 ppb. The results demonstrate that the CUPI-G device provides a reliable and cost-effective solution for expanding air quality monitoring networks, offering detailed spatial and temporal data essential for public health advisories and policy interventions, particularly in resource-limited settings.

在孟加拉国等快速发展的国家，空气污染对公众健康构成重大威胁，因此需要强有力和具有成本效益的监测解决方案。本研究在孟加拉国达卡验证了低成本空气质量监测设备CUPI-G的性能。CUPI-G配备了PM2.5、CO、NO、NO2和O3的电化学传感器，部署在代表不同城市环境的多个地点，包括住宅、附近道路和教育区域。使用统计（单线性和多元线性回归）和机器学习（随机森林，RF）方法，通过配置参考仪器验证来自CUPI-G的数据。RF模型，特别是在纳入相对湿度时，在预测污染物浓度方面表现出优异的性能，具有高相关系数（例如，O3: R2=0.798）和低误差指标（RMSE=3.594 ppb， MAPE= 4.812%）。然而，当应用于训练湿度范围之外时，模型精度下降，强调需要更广泛的验证数据集。尽管如此，在不使用相对湿度作为因素的情况下，对CUPI-G装置进行了验证，并发现其仍然表现良好。对三个不同地区进行的为期两个月的空间分析显示，靠近道路的PM2.5和O3浓度的小时平均值分别达到89 μg/m3和66.50 ppb。二氧化氮水平在居民区最高，为63.49 ppb。结果表明，CUPI-G装置为扩大空气质量监测网络提供了可靠和具有成本效益的解决方案，为公共卫生咨询和政策干预提供了详细的时空数据，特别是在资源有限的情况下。

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引用次数: 0

Tracing natural, anthropogenic, and biomass burning contributions to Arctic aerosol combining daily chemical characterization and receptor modeling analysis 结合日常化学特征和受体模型分析，追踪自然、人为和生物质燃烧对北极气溶胶的贡献

IF 3.4 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Atmospheric Environment: X

Pub Date : 2025-10-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.aeaoa.2025.100388

Fabio Giardi , Giulia Calzolai , Silvia Nava , Massimo Chiari , Franco Lucarelli , Cosimo Fratticioli , Laura Caiazzo , David Cappelletti , Stefano Crocchianti , Silvia Becagli , Mirko Severi , Rita Traversi

Daily PM₁₀ samples were collected at Ny Ålesund (Svalbard Islands, Norway) from February to October 2015 and analyzed using a multi-technique approach, including ion chromatography (IC), Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS), Particle Induced X-ray Emission (PIXE), and thermo-optical analysis (TOA). This dataset allowed for the characterization of a wide range of chemical species, including major ions, organic and elemental carbon, and over 40 elements, despite the extremely low atmospheric concentrations typical of this remote Arctic site (daily PM₁₀ rarely exceeded 6 μg m⁻³, with an overall maximum of 16 μg m⁻³). The high temporal resolution and the large number of samples allowed the investigation of seasonal patterns and the identification of aerosol sources using the Positive Matrix Factorization (PMF) receptor model and the Potential Source Contribution Function (PSCF) to analyze of the back-trajectories. Seven distinct sources were identified: biogenic, sulphate, sea salt, combustion, nitrate, crustal, and anthropogenic. It was seen that the sampling site is mainly affected by the local natural sources; marine biogenic emissions show a strong seasonal signal linked to sunlight availability; anthropogenic sources, although less frequent, were significant during the Arctic Haze period and included long-range transported pollution from lower latitudes and the formation of secondary aerosols; episodic but intense contributions from biomass burning originating from wildfires in North America or Siberia occasionally became the dominant component of Arctic aerosol. These findings highlight the complex interplay between local natural emissions and long-range transported pollution in shaping the Arctic aerosol composition.

2015年2月至10月在Ny Ålesund（挪威斯瓦尔巴群岛）收集每日PM10样品，并使用多种技术方法进行分析，包括离子色谱（IC），电感耦合等离子体质谱（ICP-MS），粒子诱导x射线发射（PIXE）和热光学分析（TOA）。尽管这个偏远的北极地区典型的大气浓度极低（每日PM10很少超过6 μg m - 3，总体最大值为16 μg m - 3），但该数据集允许对广泛的化学物种进行表征，包括主要离子、有机碳和元素碳，以及40多种元素。高时间分辨率和大量样本使得季节模式调查和气溶胶源识别成为可能，使用正矩阵分解（PMF）受体模型和潜在源贡献函数（PSCF）分析反轨迹。确定了七种不同的来源：生物源、硫酸盐、海盐、燃烧、硝酸盐、地壳和人为。结果表明，采样点主要受当地自然污染源的影响；海洋生物排放显示出与阳光可用性有关的强烈季节性信号；人为来源虽然频率较低，但在北极雾霾期间仍很重要，包括来自低纬度的远距离输送污染和次生气溶胶的形成；北美或西伯利亚野火产生的生物质燃烧偶尔会成为北极气溶胶的主要组成部分，这种贡献虽不明显，但强度很大。这些发现突出表明，在形成北极气溶胶组成的过程中，当地自然排放和远距离输送污染之间存在复杂的相互作用。

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引用次数: 0

Characterising methane emissions from dairy farm sources using mobile and dual-isotope measurements in Jersey, Channel Islands 利用移动和双同位素测量在泽西岛、海峡群岛分析奶牛场的甲烷排放特征

IF 3.4 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Atmospheric Environment: X

Pub Date : 2025-10-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.aeaoa.2025.100384

Ceres A. Woolley Maisch , Rebecca E. Fisher , James L. France , David Lowry , Mathias Lanoisellé , Thomas Röckmann , Carina van der Veen , Euan G. Nisbet

<div><div>Field campaigns in Jersey, Channel Islands (Crown Dependency of British Isles), were carried out to understand the distribution and scale of agricultural methane (CH<span><math><msub><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>4</mn></mrow></msub></math></span>) emissions. We used vehicle-mounted spectrometers and isotope analysis to fingerprint and map methane sources on Jersey dairy farms to test whether mobile dual-isotope surveys can quantitatively separate enteric and manure CH<span><math><msub><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>4</mn></mrow></msub></math></span> sources on a regional-farm scale. Peak barn CH<span><math><msub><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>4</mn></mrow></msub></math></span> mixing ratios (<span><math><mo>≤</mo></math></span> 500 ppm), observed from continuous overnight monitoring in a confined cattle barn, fall within concentration windows targeted by catalytic-oxidation prototypes, suggesting potential for the successful implementation of removal techniques, subject to ventilation-rate and cost studies. CH<span><math><msub><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>4</mn></mrow></msub></math></span>, CO<span><math><msub><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msub></math></span> (carbon dioxide) and <span><math><msup><mrow><mi>δ</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>13</mn></mrow></msup></math></span>C<img>CH<span><math><msub><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>4</mn></mrow></msub></math></span> were mapped across the 120 km<span><math><msup><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msup></math></span> island of Jersey, visiting 11 dairy farms and one wastewater treatment works. Methane emissions from different sources at each farm were isolated in order to determine <span><math><msup><mrow><mi>δ</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>13</mn></mrow></msup></math></span>C<img>CH<span><math><msub><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>4</mn></mrow></msub></math></span> and <span><math><msup><mrow><mi>δ</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msup></math></span>H<img>CH<span><math><msub><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>4</mn></mrow></msub></math></span> source signatures and also typical CO<span><math><msub><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msub></math></span>:CH<span><math><msub><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>4</mn></mrow></msub></math></span> ratios proximal to cattle in barns, expressed as relative excess over background. Excess CO<span><math><msub><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msub></math></span>:CH<span><math><msub><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>4</mn></mrow></msub></math></span> ratios around 8–12 can be considered a cow barn signature. 138 grab samples were collected during two island-wide campaigns (November 2021, June 2023) and analysed for <span><math><msup><mrow><mi>δ</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>13</mn></mrow></msup></math></span>C<img>CH<span><math><msub><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>4</mn></mrow></msub></math></span> and <span><math><msup><mrow><mi>δ</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msup></math></span>H<img>CH<span><math><msub><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>4</mn></mrow></msub></math></span>. Isotopic source signatures were determined using Keeling plot analysis for 61

在泽西岛、海峡群岛（不列颠群岛的皇家属地）开展了实地调查，以了解农业甲烷（CH4）排放的分布和规模。我们使用车载光谱仪和同位素分析对泽西岛奶牛场的甲烷源进行指纹和地图绘制，以测试移动双同位素调查是否可以在区域农场尺度上定量分离肠道和粪肥甲烷源。在一个封闭的牛棚中，通过连续夜间监测观察到的峰值CH4混合比（≤500 ppm）落在催化氧化原型的浓度窗口范围内，这表明在通风率和成本研究的前提下，去除技术有成功实施的潜力。CH4、CO2（二氧化碳）和δ13CCH4在泽西岛120平方公里的范围内进行了测绘，访问了11个奶牛场和一个污水处理厂。每个农场不同来源的甲烷排放被隔离，以确定δ13CCH4和δ2HCH4来源特征，以及典型的CO2:CH4比值，以相对过量的背景表示。过量的CO2:CH4比值在8-12左右可以被认为是牛棚的标志。在两次全岛活动（2021年11月和2023年6月）中收集了138个抓取样本，并分析了δ13CCH4和δ2HCH4。对其中61个样品采用基林样图分析确定了同位素源特征，δ13CCH4结果显示粪便管理和排泄之间存在明显区别，尽管在某些情况下存在农场间的差异。δ13CCH4源特征也随粪便年龄的变化而变化，可能与粪便随时间的逐渐氧化有关。在区分呼吸甲烷和粪便甲烷时，δ13CCH4是比δ2HCH4更一致的指标。

引用次数: 0

Predictive analysis of passenger vehicle emissions and fuel consumption in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia using COPERT based on vehicle growth forecasting 使用基于车辆增长预测的COPERT对埃塞俄比亚亚的斯亚贝巴乘用车排放和燃料消耗进行预测分析

IF 3.4 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Atmospheric Environment: X

Pub Date : 2025-10-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.aeaoa.2025.100385

Amanuel Gebisa Aga, Alemayehu Nigussie Arsedi, Alemayehu Wakjira Huluka

This study investigates Addis Ababa's passenger car growth after 2005 and its effects on the environment between 2018 and 2024. Predictive Linear Regression and Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) machine learning techniques were used in the study to forecast the growth of the fleet of passenger cars to determine related emissions and energy usage. The study incorporates environmental factors, vehicle activity patterns, and local vehicle registration data into the COPERT model. Vehicle classifications by fuel type (diesel and petrol) and Euro 1 to Euro 6 criteria were taken into account in the analysis. The overall number of passenger vehicles has increased by more than twentyfold during the last 20 years, according to the results. Pollutant emissions have increased as a result, especially from older Euro 1 to Euro 3 vehicles, and include CO₂, NO_x, CO, and VOC. Due to limited adoption of low-emission vehicle technology and growing travel demand, the energy consumption for passenger cars also exhibited steady growth. The results highlighted how policy changes stopped the increase of passenger vehicle emissions after 2024 due to the banning of internal combustion-based passenger vehicles. By offering a data-driven methodology for assessing vehicle-related emissions and guiding mitigation methods, this study supports sustainable transportation planning at the local and national levels.

本研究调查了亚的斯亚贝巴2005年后乘用车的增长及其在2018年至2024年间对环境的影响。研究中使用了预测线性回归和人工神经网络（ANN）机器学习技术来预测乘用车车队的增长，以确定相关的排放和能源使用。该研究将环境因素、车辆活动模式和当地车辆登记数据纳入COPERT模型。在分析中考虑了按燃料类型（柴油和汽油）和欧盟1至6标准划分的车辆分类。结果显示，在过去的20年里，乘用车的总数增加了20多倍。因此，污染物的排放增加了，尤其是旧的欧1到欧3车辆，包括二氧化碳、氮氧化物、一氧化碳和挥发性有机化合物。由于低排放汽车技术的有限采用和不断增长的出行需求，乘用车的能源消耗也呈现出稳步增长。研究结果突出表明，由于禁止内燃乘用车，2024年后政策变化如何阻止了乘用车排放的增加。通过提供一种数据驱动的方法来评估与车辆相关的排放并指导缓解方法，本研究支持地方和国家层面的可持续交通规划。

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引用次数: 0

Comparative study of CO2 capture efficiency using sodium hydroxide and monoethanolamine solutions in a spray column 喷雾塔中氢氧化钠和单乙醇胺捕集CO2效率的比较研究

IF 3.4 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Atmospheric Environment: X

Pub Date : 2025-10-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.aeaoa.2025.100383

Abolhasan Ameri , Ali Najarnezhadmashhadi , Ibrahim Abidemi Lawal , Ziqian Wu , Christophe Duwig , Henrik Kusar

This study investigates the CO₂ absorption performance of sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and monoethanolamine (MEA) solutions in a spray column under various operational conditions. The effects of gas flow rate (1.25–5.19 L/min), CO₂ concentration (10–40 vol%), solvent concentration (2.5–7.5 wt percent (wt.%) for NaOH; 5–25 wt% for MEA), solvent volume (0.5–1.5 L), and temperature (303–323 K) were systematically analyzed. The results show that NaOH achieves a maximum absorption efficiency of 95 % at 5 wt% concentration and the lowest gas flow rate. In comparison, MEA requires a higher concentration of 15 wt% to reach 96 % efficiency under the same conditions. Raising gas flow from 1.25 to 5.19 L/min reduced efficiency to 47 % (NaOH, 5 wt%) and 45 % (MEA, 15 wt%). Increasing solvent temperature from 303 to 323 K significantly improved MEA performance at 3.00 L/min (≈75 %→83 %), while NaOH remained ≳95 % at 1.25 L/min with minor sensitivity. These results show that, in spray columns, high capture can be achieved with relatively low solvent concentrations, implicating lower regeneration energy, reduced solvent degradation, and lower operating costs while clearly delineating operating windows for NaOH vs. MEA.

研究了不同操作条件下氢氧化钠（NaOH）和单乙醇胺（MEA）溶液在喷雾塔中对CO2的吸收性能。气体流速（1.25-5.19 L/min）、CO2浓度（10-40 vol%）、溶剂浓度（2.5-7.5 wt %）对NaOH的影响；5 - 25wt % (MEA)，溶剂体积（0.5-1.5 L）和温度（303-323 K）进行系统分析。结果表明，在浓度为5 wt%时，NaOH的吸收率最高可达95%，气体流速最低。相比之下，在相同的条件下，MEA需要更高的浓度15 wt%才能达到96%的效率。将气体流量从1.25升/分钟提高到5.19升/分钟，效率分别降至47% （NaOH, 5 wt%）和45% （MEA, 15 wt%）。当溶剂温度从303 K增加到323 K时，当温度为3.00 L/min（≈75%→83%）时，MEA的灵敏度显著提高，而当温度为1.25 L/min时，NaOH的灵敏度保持在95%左右，灵敏度不高。这些结果表明，在喷雾柱中，相对较低的溶剂浓度可以实现高捕集，这意味着更低的再生能量、更少的溶剂降解和更低的操作成本，同时清楚地描绘了NaOH与MEA的操作窗口。

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引用次数: 0

Winter emission factors of ultrafine total and solid particle numbers and PM2.5 near a major arterial road in Tokyo 东京主干道附近超细总颗粒物、固体颗粒物和PM2.5冬季排放因子

IF 3.4 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Atmospheric Environment: X

Pub Date : 2025-10-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.aeaoa.2025.100382

Hiroyuki Hagino

Road-traffic particulate emissions are regulated by limits expressed as emission factors per driving distance. However, these limits are difficult to compare directly to atmospheric concentrations. This study measured particulate and gaseous pollutant concentrations simultaneously in winter of 2023 at two locations near a major ring road in Tokyo, one roadside and the other 100 m back. Traffic-related emissions of PM_2.5 (fine particulate matter, particle size ≤2.5 μm), total particle number (TPN_{10–100 nm}), and solid particle number (SPN_{10–100 nm}) were not correlated with traffic volume. Marked differences at the two sites confirmed that traffic-related emissions affected the roadside atmospheric environment, although this impact was evident only in hourly data. Emission factors for TPN_{10–100 nm} and SPN_{10–100 nm}, estimated using concentration differences between sites and CO₂/CO and NOx/CO ratios, yielded factors of 1.61 × 10¹³ ± 4.5 × 10¹² and 4.78 × 10¹² ± 2.2 × 10¹² #/km/veh., respectively. Barium in PM_2.5 was used to estimate brake particle emission factors (2.05 × 10⁹ ± 6.6 × 10⁸ #/km/veh., 0.01 % of TPN_{10–100 nm}; 1.64 × 10⁹ ± 5.2 × 10⁸ #/km/veh., 0.03 % of SPN_{10–100 nm}), revealing only a small contribution to total traffic-derived particle emissions. The traffic-derived PM_2.5 emission factor was 20.1 ± 6.5 mg/km/veh., with brake particle–derived PM_2.5 contributing only 0.94 mg/km/veh. (4.7 %). These findings support previous studies showing no correlation between roadside PM_2.5 and traffic volume, and highlight the importance of high-resolution, simultaneous roadside and background measurements for evaluating traffic-derived particulate emissions.

道路交通微粒排放由以每行驶距离的排放系数表示的限制来调节。然而，这些限制很难直接与大气浓度进行比较。这项研究于2023年冬季在东京一条主要环路附近的两个地点同时测量了颗粒物和气体污染物浓度，一个在路边，另一个在100米后。PM2.5（细颗粒物，粒径≤2.5 μm）、总颗粒数（tpn10 ~ 100 nm）和固体颗粒数（spn10 ~ 100 nm）的交通相关排放与交通量无关。两个地点的显著差异证实了交通相关排放对路边大气环境的影响，尽管这种影响仅在每小时的数据中才很明显。TPN10-100 nm和SPN10-100 nm的排放因子分别为1.61 × 1013±4.5 × 1012和4.78 × 1012±2.2 × 1012 #/km/veh。,分别。利用PM2.5中的钡估算制动颗粒排放因子（2.05 × 109±6.6 × 108 #/km/veh）。0.01% TPN10-100 nm；1.64 × 109±5.2 × 108 #/km/veh（0.03%的SPN10-100 nm），表明仅对总交通衍生颗粒排放贡献很小。交通衍生的PM2.5排放因子为20.1±6.5 mg/km/veh。，其中，来自刹车颗粒物的PM2.5仅贡献0.94 mg/km/veh。(4.7%)。这些发现支持了之前的研究结果，即路边PM2.5与交通量之间没有相关性，并强调了高分辨率、同时进行路边和背景测量对于评估交通来源的颗粒物排放的重要性。

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引用次数: 0

Characterisation of rare earth elements in natural and exhaust gas samples: SEM-microscopy and EDX-analysis for source identifications 天然和废气样品中稀土元素的表征：用于来源鉴定的sem显微镜和edx分析

IF 3.4 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Atmospheric Environment: X

Pub Date : 2025-10-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.aeaoa.2025.100381

Margot Bruneau , Mathieu Goriaux , Liliane Jean-Soro , Yao Liu , Patrick Tassel , Béatrice Béchet

Natural materials and exhaust gas emissions are sources of Rare Earth Elements (REEs) in the road environment. A methodology based on SEM-EDX analyses is proposed to: 1) provide a morphological and chemical characterisation of REEs particles in natural materials and exhaust gas; and 2) identify indicators that can distinguish the sources of REEs. The chemical composition of various washcoats was evaluated. Natural materials, exhaust gases, and ceramic monoliths from catalytic converters were described using a scanning electron microscope (SEM) and analysed with an Energy Dispersive X-ray analyser (EDX). The results indicated that REEs natural particles predominantly exhibited sharp corners in contrast to the spherical shapes of REEs particles within exhaust gases. Exhaust gas particles were smaller (0.07–1.22 μm) than those observed in natural materials (0.64–25.42 μm). REEs particles were associated with mineral carrier phase compounds (e.g., Al, Si, P) and, in some instances, with natural source fingerprints (e.g., Rb, Sr, Th). REEs particles in exhaust gases were embedded in organic combustion particles composed of C, Fe, S or in washcoat detected through Zr, Ti, Pd. La/Ce ratio of natural particles (0.20–0.63) is higher than that for exhaust gas particles (0–0.25). Hence, La/Ce ratio could be used as an indicator for exhaust gas particles in environmental samples. To go further, this study provides information on the physical and chemical speciation of REEs particles necessary to assess the transfer of particles from emission to the environment.

天然材料和废气排放是道路环境中稀土元素（ree）的来源。提出了一种基于SEM-EDX分析的方法：1)提供天然材料和废气中稀土颗粒的形态和化学特征；2)确定能够区分稀土元素来源的指标。对不同类型的洗衣进行了化学成分评价。使用扫描电子显微镜（SEM）描述了催化转化器产生的天然材料、废气和陶瓷单体，并使用能量色散x射线分析仪（EDX）进行了分析。结果表明，与废气中稀土颗粒呈球形相比，天然稀土颗粒主要呈尖角状。废气颗粒（0.07 ~ 1.22 μm）小于天然材料（0.64 ~ 25.42 μm）。稀土颗粒与矿物载体相化合物（例如，Al, Si， P）有关，在某些情况下，与自然源指纹（例如，Rb, Sr, Th）有关。废气中的稀土颗粒嵌埋在由C、Fe、S组成的有机燃烧颗粒中或通过Zr、Ti、Pd检测的涂层中。天然颗粒的La/Ce比值（0.20 ~ 0.63）高于废气颗粒的La/Ce比值（0 ~ 0.25）。因此，La/Ce比值可以作为环境样品中废气颗粒的指标。更进一步，这项研究提供了评估粒子从排放到环境的转移所必需的稀土粒子的物理和化学形态的信息。

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引用次数: 0