P. Chiarabaglio, A. Deidda, S. Bergante, G. Castro, Gianni Faciotto, A. Giorcelli, S. Pagliolico, Corrado Carbonaro
In Italy 72 poplar clones ( Populus spp.) are registered for commercialization. They were selected for fast growth, stem shape and disease resistance. The new selections (named MSA) includes genotypes with very high resistance to all the main diseases and to one insect, Phloeomizus passerinii (Sign.). Fast growth and disease resistance allow to produce wood with low environmental and economic costs; for this reason in some Italian Regions the introduction of a percentage of these clones in poplar stand is mandatory to obtain funding for their establishment (Rural Development Plan). To better understand the environmental advantages deriving from the use of these clones, in comparison with the old genotypes (particularly ‘I-214’), a ‘Life Cycle Assessment’ approach was applied considering as impact indicator the CO 2 equivalent emissions; from stoolbed to commercial stand, primary data were collected from an Italian experience. Firstly with the Inventory Analysis all the raw material, energy, wastes and emissions related were collected for each cultivation phase. The Analysis showed a reduction of 9% of CO 2 eq. ha -1 emitted, growing MSA instead of ‘I-214’. Considering the emissions per volume of wood, ‘I-214’ requests 47.5 kg CO 2 eq. per m 3 , compared with MSA that request 36.6 kg CO 2 eq. per m 3 .
{"title":"Life Cycle Assessment (LCA): new poplar clones allow an environmentally sustainable cultivation","authors":"P. Chiarabaglio, A. Deidda, S. Bergante, G. Castro, Gianni Faciotto, A. Giorcelli, S. Pagliolico, Corrado Carbonaro","doi":"10.12899/ASR-2017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12899/ASR-2017","url":null,"abstract":"In Italy 72 poplar clones ( Populus spp.) are registered for commercialization. They were selected for fast growth, stem shape and disease resistance. The new selections (named MSA) includes genotypes with very high resistance to all the main diseases and to one insect, Phloeomizus passerinii (Sign.). Fast growth and disease resistance allow to produce wood with low environmental and economic costs; for this reason in some Italian Regions the introduction of a percentage of these clones in poplar stand is mandatory to obtain funding for their establishment (Rural Development Plan). To better understand the environmental advantages deriving from the use of these clones, in comparison with the old genotypes (particularly ‘I-214’), a ‘Life Cycle Assessment’ approach was applied considering as impact indicator the CO 2 equivalent emissions; from stoolbed to commercial stand, primary data were collected from an Italian experience. Firstly with the Inventory Analysis all the raw material, energy, wastes and emissions related were collected for each cultivation phase. The Analysis showed a reduction of 9% of CO 2 eq. ha -1 emitted, growing MSA instead of ‘I-214’. Considering the emissions per volume of wood, ‘I-214’ requests 47.5 kg CO 2 eq. per m 3 , compared with MSA that request 36.6 kg CO 2 eq. per m 3 .","PeriodicalId":37733,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Silvicultural Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49469086","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Use of small-scale harvesting equipment in forestry is increasing in many regions of the world and tractor-based systems are the most common type of small-scale forestry equipment. This equipment is smaller, less expensive and less productive than advanced forestry machines and the choice of method depends on forest site-specific conditions. In southern Italy the prevailing conditions are those characteristic of small-scale forestry: harvested areas and volume are limited and ground-based extraction is still the most common harvesting technique. Two harvesting systems conventionally adopted in Italian small-scale forestry are those using either winch or grapple fitted farm tractors for wood extraction. A continuous time study was adopted to determine productivity rates and wood extraction costs and develop skidding time prediction models for these two different wood harvesting systems as used in typical Mediterranean forests, in chestnut and silver fir thinning operations. Comparing winch and grapple extraction revealed considerable differences in productivity (2.91 and 5.92 m3 h-1 respectively). Factors significantly affecting productivity differences were extraction distance and payload per turn. The study concluded that farm tractors can be used for small scale harvesting operations and its results can be used to set piece rates, design and rationalize work and estimate costs. In order to sustain small-scale harvesting equipment effectiveness, skid trails should be planned in forests. The use of farm tractors needs to be encouraged as an alternative self-sufficient productivity method in small-scale forestry operations.
{"title":"Evaluation of different wood harvesting systems in typical Mediterranean small-scale forests: a Southern Italian case study","authors":"M. Cataldo, A. Proto, G. Macrì, G. Zimbalatti","doi":"10.12899/ASR-1883","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12899/ASR-1883","url":null,"abstract":"Use of small-scale harvesting equipment in forestry is increasing in many regions of the world and tractor-based systems are the most common type of small-scale forestry equipment. This equipment is smaller, less expensive and less productive than advanced forestry machines and the choice of method depends on forest site-specific conditions. In southern Italy the prevailing conditions are those characteristic of small-scale forestry: harvested areas and volume are limited and ground-based extraction is still the most common harvesting technique. Two harvesting systems conventionally adopted in Italian small-scale forestry are those using either winch or grapple fitted farm tractors for wood extraction. A continuous time study was adopted to determine productivity rates and wood extraction costs and develop skidding time prediction models for these two different wood harvesting systems as used in typical Mediterranean forests, in chestnut and silver fir thinning operations. Comparing winch and grapple extraction revealed considerable differences in productivity (2.91 and 5.92 m3 h-1 respectively). Factors significantly affecting productivity differences were extraction distance and payload per turn. The study concluded that farm tractors can be used for small scale harvesting operations and its results can be used to set piece rates, design and rationalize work and estimate costs. In order to sustain small-scale harvesting equipment effectiveness, skid trails should be planned in forests. The use of farm tractors needs to be encouraged as an alternative self-sufficient productivity method in small-scale forestry operations.","PeriodicalId":37733,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Silvicultural Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41810235","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Proto, V. Bernardini, M. Cataldo, G. Zimbalatti
In Italy, some silvicultural treatment as thinning could be carried out in an economic way adopting systems based on small-scale mechanization. This paper examines the productivity standards of wood biomass in coniferous plantation thinning in Southern Italy under the conditions of small-scale forestry. The objectives of the study were to evaluate the incidence of different silvicultural treatments on productivity and harvesting costs and create productivity models for typical harvesting system used for wood thinned from Calabrian pine. Three different sites were monitored on the Sila Massif forest, and the experimental plan included three area tests, subjected in the last thirty years to intermediate cuttings with different thinning grade: light thinning (A thesis), moderate thinning (B thesis), heavy thinning (C thesis). The authors developed a productivity model for motor-manual felling and skidding timber with wheeled farm tractors, equipped with winch using a time motion study. Whole tree extraction system in coniferous plantation applied with typical felling system traditional has guaranteed productivity standards at a reasonable cost reducing high operational cost per unit harvested. The results, therefore, underlined that it economic possible to wood biomass harvest relatively small-diameter from thinning stands favoring moderate and heavy thinning.
{"title":"Whole tree system evaluation of thinning a pine plantation in southern Italy","authors":"A. Proto, V. Bernardini, M. Cataldo, G. Zimbalatti","doi":"10.12899/ASR-1849","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12899/ASR-1849","url":null,"abstract":"In Italy, some silvicultural treatment as thinning could be carried out in an economic way adopting systems based on small-scale mechanization. This paper examines the productivity standards of wood biomass in coniferous plantation thinning in Southern Italy under the conditions of small-scale forestry. The objectives of the study were to evaluate the incidence of different silvicultural treatments on productivity and harvesting costs and create productivity models for typical harvesting system used for wood thinned from Calabrian pine. Three different sites were monitored on the Sila Massif forest, and the experimental plan included three area tests, subjected in the last thirty years to intermediate cuttings with different thinning grade: light thinning (A thesis), moderate thinning (B thesis), heavy thinning (C thesis). The authors developed a productivity model for motor-manual felling and skidding timber with wheeled farm tractors, equipped with winch using a time motion study. Whole tree extraction system in coniferous plantation applied with typical felling system traditional has guaranteed productivity standards at a reasonable cost reducing high operational cost per unit harvested. The results, therefore, underlined that it economic possible to wood biomass harvest relatively small-diameter from thinning stands favoring moderate and heavy thinning.","PeriodicalId":37733,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Silvicultural Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46228660","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Lentini, Roberto Mannu, A. Cocco, Pino Angelo Ruio, Anna Carboneschi, P. Luciano
The gypsy moth, Lymantria dispar (L.), and the tent caterpillar, Malacosoma neustrium (L.), are the main cork oak, Quercus suber L., pests in the Mediterranean area and cause complete defoliation in large forest districts. In order to control infestations, large scale aerial applications of insecticides based on Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. kurstaki ( Btk ) have been carried out in Sardinia (Italy) since 2001. This paper evaluated the frequency of outbreaks in forest districts with varying homogeneity of land use, forest areas annually exposed to defoliation and the effectiveness of control programs based on Btk insecticide applications. The volume of areas annually exposed to defoliation depends on forest homogeneity, as infestations are more frequent in cork oak areas with a lower than 25% canopy cover rate. The microbiological control programme efficiently protected cork oaks from lepidopteran defoliators and caused an overall annual mean mortality of over 60%, with maximum rates of 89.9 and 98.0% for L. dispar and M. neustrium , respectively. To date, approximately 180,000 hectares of cork oak forests have been protected by spraying Btk -based insecticides.
{"title":"Long-term monitoring and microbiological control programs against lepidopteran defoliators in Sardinian cork oak forests (Italy)","authors":"A. Lentini, Roberto Mannu, A. Cocco, Pino Angelo Ruio, Anna Carboneschi, P. Luciano","doi":"10.12899/ASR-1846","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12899/ASR-1846","url":null,"abstract":"The gypsy moth, Lymantria dispar (L.), and the tent caterpillar, Malacosoma neustrium (L.), are the main cork oak, Quercus suber L., pests in the Mediterranean area and cause complete defoliation in large forest districts. In order to control infestations, large scale aerial applications of insecticides based on Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. kurstaki ( Btk ) have been carried out in Sardinia (Italy) since 2001. This paper evaluated the frequency of outbreaks in forest districts with varying homogeneity of land use, forest areas annually exposed to defoliation and the effectiveness of control programs based on Btk insecticide applications. The volume of areas annually exposed to defoliation depends on forest homogeneity, as infestations are more frequent in cork oak areas with a lower than 25% canopy cover rate. The microbiological control programme efficiently protected cork oaks from lepidopteran defoliators and caused an overall annual mean mortality of over 60%, with maximum rates of 89.9 and 98.0% for L. dispar and M. neustrium , respectively. To date, approximately 180,000 hectares of cork oak forests have been protected by spraying Btk -based insecticides.","PeriodicalId":37733,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Silvicultural Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43088618","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Currently, SRC plantations should produce multiple assortments, both for industrial and energetic uses, for being economically profitable. SRC trials comparing two different cultivation models (very high density model -– vHDM, 8,333 trees ha -1 with 2 years rotation; high density model -– HDM, 1,667 trees ha -1 with 5 years rotation) were established in 2005 in two sites (Casale Monferrato and Cavallermaggiore), on agricultural land with alluvial soils in the Western Po Valley (Italy). Both models were applied to poplar (clone 83.141.020), willow (clone S76-008) and black locust (provenance Energy). After 6 years from planting, the two treatments did not show significant differences in terms of cumulative biomass yield, with poplar being the most productive species at Casale Monferrato (64.65 and 63.76 Mg ha -1 with HDM and vHDM, respectively). Poplar production potential was confirmed at Cavallermaggiore (105.83 and 57.22 Mg ha -1 , respectively). Black locust showed the lower yield at both sites. In HDM poplar exhibited the highest stem DBH, at both sites, reaching mean values of 15.0 and 17.8 cm at Casale Monferrato and Cavallermaggiore, respectively. In HDM, poplar was the only species capable to reach stem dimensions compatible with industrial destinations at the end of the first 5- years rotation.
目前，SRC种植园应该生产多种品种，既用于工业用途，也用于能源用途，以获得经济效益。SRC试验比较了两种不同的种植模式(非常高密度模型- vHDM, 8,333棵树/公顷，轮作2年;高密度模型(HDM)于2005年在两个地点(Casale Monferrato和Cavallermaggiore)建立，该地点位于意大利西波河流域具有冲积土壤的农业用地上。两种模式分别应用于杨树(无性系83.141.020)、柳树(无性系S76-008)和刺槐(种源Energy)。种植6年后，两种处理的累积生物量产量差异不显著，其中杨树是Casale Monferrato地区产量最高的树种(HDM和vHDM分别为64.65和63.76 Mg ha -1)。Cavallermaggiore的杨树生产潜力分别为105.83和57.22 Mg ha -1。两个试验点刺槐产量均较低。在高海拔地区，蒙费拉托和马焦雷分别以15.0 cm和17.8 cm的平均值最高。在HDM中，杨树是唯一能够在第一个5年轮作结束时达到与工业目的地相适应的茎尺寸的树种。
{"title":"Comparison between two and five years rotation models in poplar, willow and black locust Short Rotation Coppices (SRC) in North West Italy","authors":"G. Facciotto, S. Bergante, L. Rosso, G. Minotta","doi":"10.12899/ASR-1962","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12899/ASR-1962","url":null,"abstract":"Currently, SRC plantations should produce multiple assortments, both for industrial and energetic uses, for being economically profitable. SRC trials comparing two different cultivation models (very high density model -– vHDM, 8,333 trees ha -1 with 2 years rotation; high density model -– HDM, 1,667 trees ha -1 with 5 years rotation) were established in 2005 in two sites (Casale Monferrato and Cavallermaggiore), on agricultural land with alluvial soils in the Western Po Valley (Italy). Both models were applied to poplar (clone 83.141.020), willow (clone S76-008) and black locust (provenance Energy). After 6 years from planting, the two treatments did not show significant differences in terms of cumulative biomass yield, with poplar being the most productive species at Casale Monferrato (64.65 and 63.76 Mg ha -1 with HDM and vHDM, respectively). Poplar production potential was confirmed at Cavallermaggiore (105.83 and 57.22 Mg ha -1 , respectively). Black locust showed the lower yield at both sites. In HDM poplar exhibited the highest stem DBH, at both sites, reaching mean values of 15.0 and 17.8 cm at Casale Monferrato and Cavallermaggiore, respectively. In HDM, poplar was the only species capable to reach stem dimensions compatible with industrial destinations at the end of the first 5- years rotation.","PeriodicalId":37733,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Silvicultural Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43503028","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
E. Badalamenti, S. Sferlazza, Ds La Mela Veca, F. Maetzke, G. Sala, T. Mantia
Although the expression “fast-growing species” (FGS) referred to tree species has been since long time used, a clear definition has not been adopted for decades. Starting from the Italian historical background, we searched for the definitions of FGS formulated over time at a national and international level. The mean annual increment (MAI) of 10 m 3 ha -1 , identified by the FAO, has been the most commonly considered threshold until recently. Subsequently, experimental activities and research efforts have consistently enhanced the productivity of FGS, and other definitions have been proposed accordingly. Hence, FGS should provide annual wood yields of 15-25 m 3 ha -1 with rotations of less than 25-30 years. In Europe, the maximum MAI can reach about 20-25 m 3 ha -1 , while in fast-growing tropical plantations the MAI frequently exceeds 30-35 m 3 ha -1 . However, we deem that the threshold of 10 m 3 ha -1 year -1 is still reliable for Mediterranean conditions. Since the fast-growing is a relative concept, strongly affected by species’ traits, environmental conditions and cultural practices, a future increase in the productivity levels of wood plantations can be expected.
尽管“速生物种”(FGS)一词用于指代树种已经有很长一段时间了，但几十年来一直没有一个明确的定义。从意大利的历史背景出发，我们搜索了在国家和国际层面上制定的FGS定义。粮农组织确定的年平均增加量(MAI)为10 m 3 ha -1，直到最近才被普遍认为是阈值。随后，实验活动和研究努力不断提高了FGS的生产率，并相应地提出了其他定义。因此，FGS应在轮作少于25-30年的情况下提供15-25立方米3公顷的年木材产量。在欧洲，最大MAI可达20-25平方米3公顷-1，而在快速生长的热带人工林中，MAI经常超过30-35平方米3公顷-1。然而，我们认为10米3公顷-1年-1的阈值对于地中海条件仍然是可靠的。由于速生是一个相对的概念，受物种特征、环境条件和栽培方式的强烈影响，因此可以预期未来人工林的生产力水平会有所提高。
{"title":"The evolution in time of the concept of fast growing tree species: is it possible to use a definition applicable to all environmental conditions?","authors":"E. Badalamenti, S. Sferlazza, Ds La Mela Veca, F. Maetzke, G. Sala, T. Mantia","doi":"10.12899/ASR-1967","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12899/ASR-1967","url":null,"abstract":"Although the expression “fast-growing species” (FGS) referred to tree species has been since long time used, a clear definition has not been adopted for decades. Starting from the Italian historical background, we searched for the definitions of FGS formulated over time at a national and international level. The mean annual increment (MAI) of 10 m 3 ha -1 , identified by the FAO, has been the most commonly considered threshold until recently. Subsequently, experimental activities and research efforts have consistently enhanced the productivity of FGS, and other definitions have been proposed accordingly. Hence, FGS should provide annual wood yields of 15-25 m 3 ha -1 with rotations of less than 25-30 years. In Europe, the maximum MAI can reach about 20-25 m 3 ha -1 , while in fast-growing tropical plantations the MAI frequently exceeds 30-35 m 3 ha -1 . However, we deem that the threshold of 10 m 3 ha -1 year -1 is still reliable for Mediterranean conditions. Since the fast-growing is a relative concept, strongly affected by species’ traits, environmental conditions and cultural practices, a future increase in the productivity levels of wood plantations can be expected.","PeriodicalId":37733,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Silvicultural Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45666054","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
E. Badalamenti, S. Sferlazza, D. L. M. Veca, F. Maetzke, G. Sala, T. Mantia
Fast growing tree species can generate high wood production in a short time frame. However, maximum productivity is dependent on environmental and management conditions as well as intrinsic plant traits. Within this framework, our research was into tree species with the highest Mean Annual Increments (MAIs) in southern Italy, particularly in Sicily. Eucalyptus spp., Acacia saligna Labill. H. L. Wendl., Ailanthus altissima Mill. (Swingle) , Pinus halepensis Mill. (including Pinus brutia Ten.), Pinus canariensis C.Sm. and Pinus radiata D. Don. were identified . In particularly suitable conditions, the MAI of eucalypt coppices ranged from 8 to 12 m 3 ha -1 , and from 13 to 19 m 3 ha -1 , in Eucalyptus camaldulensis Dehnh. and Eucalyptus globulus Labill. , respectively. The MAI of E. camaldulensis high forests was slightly over 6 m 3 ha -1 , while that of E. globulus high forests was very similar to its coppice value. Considering the preliminary data, Acacia saligna Labill. H. L. Wendl. can achieve good wood production. Pinus halepensis Mill. and Pinus brutia (Ten.) Holmboe achieved MAIs of 5-7 m 3 ha -1 . Other species may be promising but either data is very limited or their invasive potential requires careful consideration. This historical review has shown that with optimal tree species-planting site-cultivation technique combinations, tree species can achieve wood yields typical of fast-growing species in Mediterranean Italy, too.
快速生长的树种可以在短时间内产生高木材产量。然而，最大生产力取决于环境和管理条件以及植物的内在性状。在此框架内，我们的研究对象是意大利南部，特别是西西里岛平均年增量(MAIs)最高的树种。桉树属，金合欢。h·l·温德尔。、臭椿。(单)，松halepensis Mill。(包括野松)、加那利松(Pinus canariensis C.Sm.)。D. Don。被确认。在特别适宜的条件下，桉树样地的MAI在8 ~ 12 m3 ha -1之间，camaldulensis Dehnh在13 ~ 19 m3 ha -1之间。和蓝桉。,分别。camaldulensis高山林的MAI略高于6 m 3 ha -1，而globulus高山林的MAI与其灌木林值非常相似。考虑到初步数据，金合欢。h·l·温德尔。可以实现良好的木材生产。松林和松(10)。Holmboe的MAIs为5-7 m 3 ha -1。其他物种可能很有希望，但要么是数据非常有限，要么是它们的入侵潜力需要仔细考虑。这一历史回顾表明，在最佳树种-种植地点-栽培技术组合下，树种也可以达到意大利地中海速生树种的典型木材产量。
{"title":"Which are Southern Italy’s fastest growing tree species? Lessons from the past for future perspectives, with a special focus on Sicily","authors":"E. Badalamenti, S. Sferlazza, D. L. M. Veca, F. Maetzke, G. Sala, T. Mantia","doi":"10.12899/ASR-1845","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12899/ASR-1845","url":null,"abstract":"Fast growing tree species can generate high wood production in a short time frame. However, maximum productivity is dependent on environmental and management conditions as well as intrinsic plant traits. Within this framework, our research was into tree species with the highest Mean Annual Increments (MAIs) in southern Italy, particularly in Sicily. Eucalyptus spp., Acacia saligna Labill. H. L. Wendl., Ailanthus altissima Mill. (Swingle) , Pinus halepensis Mill. (including Pinus brutia Ten.), Pinus canariensis C.Sm. and Pinus radiata D. Don. were identified . In particularly suitable conditions, the MAI of eucalypt coppices ranged from 8 to 12 m 3 ha -1 , and from 13 to 19 m 3 ha -1 , in Eucalyptus camaldulensis Dehnh. and Eucalyptus globulus Labill. , respectively. The MAI of E. camaldulensis high forests was slightly over 6 m 3 ha -1 , while that of E. globulus high forests was very similar to its coppice value. Considering the preliminary data, Acacia saligna Labill. H. L. Wendl. can achieve good wood production. Pinus halepensis Mill. and Pinus brutia (Ten.) Holmboe achieved MAIs of 5-7 m 3 ha -1 . Other species may be promising but either data is very limited or their invasive potential requires careful consideration. This historical review has shown that with optimal tree species-planting site-cultivation technique combinations, tree species can achieve wood yields typical of fast-growing species in Mediterranean Italy, too.","PeriodicalId":37733,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Silvicultural Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48278683","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Pros and cons of open access journals: paying to read or paying to publish?","authors":"P. Corona","doi":"10.12899/ASR-1981","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12899/ASR-1981","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":37733,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Silvicultural Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47974863","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
F. Recanatesi, Chiara Giuliani, Matteo Piccinno, Benedetta Cucca, Carlo Maria Rossi, M. Ripa
Thanks to their ability to generate ecosystem services, forest ecosystems have a significant social, economic and environmental impact on the development of many regions in the world, especially those located in urban and peri-urban areas. Today, increased forest vulnerability is reflected in an increased number of episodes of severe decline associated mainly with drought. In this context, the Mediterranean area shows high forest vulnerability and a subsequent decline in its natural renewal rate. In this scenario, the aim of this research is to assess the sustainability of a protected pristine deciduous oak forest near Rome via the development of a forest health condition monitoring tool based on the application of multispectral satellite data and the identification of silvicultural models suitable to promoting natural forest renewal. Data and results from research in the case study area, the Natural State Reserve of Castelporziano (Rome), have potential as an important decision making tool in sustainable forest management.
{"title":"An innovative environmental risk assessment approach to a Mediterranean coastal forest: the Presidential Estate of Castelporziano (Rome) case study","authors":"F. Recanatesi, Chiara Giuliani, Matteo Piccinno, Benedetta Cucca, Carlo Maria Rossi, M. Ripa","doi":"10.12899/ASR-1884","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12899/ASR-1884","url":null,"abstract":"Thanks to their ability to generate ecosystem services, forest ecosystems have a significant social, economic and environmental impact on the development of many regions in the world, especially those located in urban and peri-urban areas. Today, increased forest vulnerability is reflected in an increased number of episodes of severe decline associated mainly with drought. In this context, the Mediterranean area shows high forest vulnerability and a subsequent decline in its natural renewal rate. In this scenario, the aim of this research is to assess the sustainability of a protected pristine deciduous oak forest near Rome via the development of a forest health condition monitoring tool based on the application of multispectral satellite data and the identification of silvicultural models suitable to promoting natural forest renewal. Data and results from research in the case study area, the Natural State Reserve of Castelporziano (Rome), have potential as an important decision making tool in sustainable forest management.","PeriodicalId":37733,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Silvicultural Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41762943","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Campus, Roberto Scotti, Irene Piredda, Ilenia Murgia, Antonio Ganga, F. Giadrossich
This paper examines the potential for using Mobile Data Collection (MDC) as an effective database supported technology to substantially improve forest mensuration practices. Open source Open Data Kit (ODK) procedures and tools were used during a survey campaign that initiated a local forest monitoring process in the Marganai forest (Sardinia). The ODK suite is practical to use and its procedures allow authoring and use of digital survey forms without users needing software development expertise. Form design enables a high degree of customization to be achieved by means of specifying a wide range of data flow control mechanisms. ODK has proved to be a valid tool for data coherence and completeness improvements. As forestry’s contribution to regional Gross Domestic Product has dramatically decreased, forest mensuration practices have been reduced. Meeting the increased need to monitor environmental assets such as forests requires these practices to be re-evaluated. If regional public institutions took an active part in the process of enhancing forest mensuration, by contributing with open database systems acting as repositories and knowledge engines, support for MDC tools like ODK would potentially be a great opportunity to disseminate the use of the system and boost its development.
{"title":"The Open Data Kit suite, Mobile Data Collection technology as an opportunity for forest mensuration practices","authors":"S. Campus, Roberto Scotti, Irene Piredda, Ilenia Murgia, Antonio Ganga, F. Giadrossich","doi":"10.12899/ASR-1852","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12899/ASR-1852","url":null,"abstract":"This paper examines the potential for using Mobile Data Collection (MDC) as an effective database supported technology to substantially improve forest mensuration practices. Open source Open Data Kit (ODK) procedures and tools were used during a survey campaign that initiated a local forest monitoring process in the Marganai forest (Sardinia). The ODK suite is practical to use and its procedures allow authoring and use of digital survey forms without users needing software development expertise. Form design enables a high degree of customization to be achieved by means of specifying a wide range of data flow control mechanisms. ODK has proved to be a valid tool for data coherence and completeness improvements. As forestry’s contribution to regional Gross Domestic Product has dramatically decreased, forest mensuration practices have been reduced. Meeting the increased need to monitor environmental assets such as forests requires these practices to be re-evaluated. If regional public institutions took an active part in the process of enhancing forest mensuration, by contributing with open database systems acting as repositories and knowledge engines, support for MDC tools like ODK would potentially be a great opportunity to disseminate the use of the system and boost its development.","PeriodicalId":37733,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Silvicultural Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46600305","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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