Translational Research in Anatomy最新文献

{"title":"Utility of the metatarsal diaphyseal nutrient foramen in estimating sex in the South African Africans population","authors":"Arthur Tsalani Manjatika ,&nbsp;Pedzisai Mazengenya ,&nbsp;Joshua Gabriel Davimes","doi":"10.1016/j.tria.2024.100327","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tria.2024.100327","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>Sex estimation is challenging in cases where dismembered or non-intact skeletal remains are recovered. Therefore, the development of sex estimation standards using various bones that present with high recovery rates during forensic investigations, like the metatarsal bones, is needed. The usefulness of the dimensions around the metatarsal diaphyseal nutrient foramen in sex estimation has not been assessed in South African Africans (SAA), constituting the majority of the country's population.</p></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><p>Five measurements around the nutrient foramen were taken from 995 metatarsal bones (first to fifth) from 200 individual skeletons (100 males, 100 females). Measurements subjected to direct and stepwise discriminant function (DFA) and logistic regression (LRA) analyses included the total length, distance from proximal end to nutrient foramen, circumference, and mediolateral and dorsoplantar diameters at the level of the nutrient foramen.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The original classification accuracies for multivariable functions of the stepwise and direct DFA ranged from 75.1 to 80 % and 76–79.5 % respectively. The original classification accuracies for multivariable functions of the stepwise and direct LRA ranged from 76.3% to 79.5 % and 75%–80.5 % respectively. The cross-validation classifications showed a drop of 0–2% for DFA and 0.2–1.9 % for LRA. Overall breadth measurements showed better classification accuracies than length measurements and females were classified with higher accuracy rates than males.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>The dimensions around the nutrient foramen of the metatarsal bones show sexual dimorphism in the SAA. The generated DFA and LRA functions produced high average classification accuracies which can be appropriate for use in sex estimation in forensic settings, especially when an isolated foot is recovered.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":37913,"journal":{"name":"Translational Research in Anatomy","volume":"37 ","pages":"Article 100327"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214854X24000517/pdfft?md5=f3c536f11dbc330487906c0d560cb481&pid=1-s2.0-S2214854X24000517-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141843307","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The coexistence of the internal jugular vein duplication with a contralateral internal jugular drainage of the external jugular vein","authors":"George Triantafyllou ,&nbsp;Katerina Vassiou ,&nbsp;Marianna Vlychou ,&nbsp;George Tsakotos ,&nbsp;Răzvan Costin Tudose ,&nbsp;Mugurel Constantin Rusu ,&nbsp;Maria Piagkou","doi":"10.1016/j.tria.2024.100326","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tria.2024.100326","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>The current imaging report describes a unique coexistence of the neck venous system morphological variants.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>The imaging study of a 75-year-old male patient was isolated due to its unique venous system.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>An internal jugular vein (IJV) duplication (main-typical and accessory IJVs) was identified on the right side, coexisting with a facial vein (FV) drainage into the accessory IJV. On the left side, the external jugular vein (EJV) was draining into the IJV and the FV into the EJV. A transverse anastomosis of the EJV and anterior jugular vein (AJV) was identified.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>The IJV duplication is a rare morphological variant, and its coexistence with other co-variants complicates the area's anatomy. Understanding these morphological variants is crucial for anesthesiologists and surgeons, as it can help prevent iatrogenic injury.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":37913,"journal":{"name":"Translational Research in Anatomy","volume":"37 ","pages":"Article 100326"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214854X24000505/pdfft?md5=b2185ecebbc01649c79a3971ded1e698&pid=1-s2.0-S2214854X24000505-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141842272","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of ‘Complete Anatomy’ (CA) to conventional methods for teaching laryngeal anatomy to first-year dental and dental hygiene students in Ireland","authors":"Sarah Alturkustani ,&nbsp;Sinead Mary Ryan ,&nbsp;Siobhain M. O’Mahony ,&nbsp;André Toulouse ,&nbsp;Conor O'Mahony ,&nbsp;Mutahira Lone","doi":"10.1016/j.tria.2024.100324","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tria.2024.100324","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Digital 3D visualisation tools have been increasingly used to supplement anatomy teaching with positive results reported in knowledge acquisition, 3D spatial understanding, and active student engagement. Despite their well-documented benefits, evidence of their learning effect on head and neck anatomy is limited.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>This cross-over design study aimed to compare using Complete Anatomy (CA) and conventional methods (prosections and plastic models) to learn laryngeal anatomy. Fifty-four first-year dental and dental hygiene students were randomly assigned to a CA and a conventional group. Pre- and post-tests were used to compare groups' knowledge gains, and a feedback questionnaire was used to compare students' perceptions towards CA.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Both groups improved significantly in the post-test compared to the pre-test (Cohen's d ≥ 0.8). The conventional group significantly outperformed their counterparts in total (Cohen's d = 0.57) and written questions (Cohen's d = 0.9). However, both groups performed equally in the identification questions. Question-based analysis shows that the CA group performed significantly better in the identification questions than in the written questions (Cohen's d = 0.51). Nearly half the students perceived the CA application as easy to use, and the same proportion believed CA assisted their learning of laryngeal anatomy.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>This study provides further evidence of the effectiveness of CA in knowledge gain and anatomical recognition and supports its use as supplementary to anatomy education in general and head and neck anatomy in particular.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":37913,"journal":{"name":"Translational Research in Anatomy","volume":"37 ","pages":"Article 100324"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214854X24000487/pdfft?md5=3aafae4ca6f34088d1543a5cfbd5a143&pid=1-s2.0-S2214854X24000487-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141842780","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gross and functional analyses of the tensor fasciae suralis muscle with magnetic resonance imaging","authors":"Ethan L. Snow ,&nbsp;Branden C. Fox ,&nbsp;Hunter A. Eide ,&nbsp;Matthew J. Vilburn","doi":"10.1016/j.tria.2024.100325","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tria.2024.100325","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>The tensor fasciae suralis (TFS) is a non-typical skeletal muscle that develops from one of the hamstring muscles and attaches to the deep fascia of the posterior leg (i.e., crural/sural fascia). By spanning the popliteal region, TFS can present as an unsuspected mass, impinge contiguous neurovasculature, complicate surgical access to posterior knee, and strain under typical use of the lower limb. Despite the necessary clinical discussion TFS generates, information about comparative gross anatomy examination, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and functional analyses of TFS is scarce in the literature. Therefore, the objective of the present study is to present a comprehensive report of a left unilateral TFS with gross imaging, detailed anatomical descriptions, MRI, biomechanical analysis, comparative review of published TFS cases, and discussion of clinical implications.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>A left unilateral TFS was discovered during routine human cadaver dissection. After initial discovery of its proximal segment, axial and sagittal T1-and T2-weighted MRI was performed to visualize the entire TFS and its relation to nearby structures. The entire TFS and contiguous anatomy were then dissected, carefully cleaned of extraneous fascia, and photographed in situ. Gross and microscopic architectural features of TFS were measured, and its maximal isometric force was calculated.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The 13.4 cm long, 5.02 g muscular belly of TFS branched 27.2° from the long head of biceps femoris and inserted into the investing fascia of the gastrocnemius medial head via a prominent 2.6 cm × 4.8 mm x 0.5 mm tendon. Gross imaging and MRI showed TFS crossing over the common fibular, tibial, and medial sural nerves. Biomechanical analysis determined TFS to be capable of producing 8.10 N of force.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>The course of TFS offers notable clinical discussion about distal motor and sensory loss resulting from compression-based lesions of the underlying nerves. MRI, paired with full gross imaging and biomechanical analyses, provides a catalog of comparative information on TFS that may aide in differential diagnosis of an unsuspected mass in the popliteal region and guide subsequent treatment.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":37913,"journal":{"name":"Translational Research in Anatomy","volume":"37 ","pages":"Article 100325"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214854X24000499/pdfft?md5=303383cd6fc37cea707deee30d5fd758&pid=1-s2.0-S2214854X24000499-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141846602","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Brain lymphatic vessels accompanying meningeal arteries in the human","authors":"Safiye Çavdar ,&nbsp;Damlasu Altınöz ,&nbsp;Tevriz Dilan Demir ,&nbsp;Acar Bayraktaroğlu ,&nbsp;İlke Ali Gürses ,&nbsp;Gülnihal Özcan","doi":"10.1016/j.tria.2024.100321","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tria.2024.100321","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>Recent studies showed the connection between cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and deep cervical lymph nodes (dCLN) via lymphatic vessels (LV)s. These LVs accompany dural sinuses, cranial nerves, and arteries. The present study aimed to show in addition to the main trunk of the middle meningeal artery (MMA) whether the anterior and posterior branches of MMA; the anterior (AMA) and posterior (PMA) meningeal arteries also have a role in brain lymphatic drainage in humans.</p></div><div><h3>Materials and method</h3><p>Samples of the middle meningeal artery (MMA) and its two main branches (anterior and posterior), anterior and posterior meningeal arteries (AMA and PMA) were obtained from 3 cadavers and 6 autopsies. Podoplanin (PDPN) (lymphatic endothelial marker) and CD31 (vascular endothelial marker) immunohistochemistry (IHC) were applied to 5 μm thick transverse sections and counterstained with hematoxylin. Furthermore, western blotting techniques were applied to the same tissue samples in 3 autopsy cases to demonstrate the presence of PDPN.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>We observed the presence of the LVs along the main trunk of MMA and its two branches, AMA, and PMA. The LVs along the MMA (main trunk) had a larger diameter range than its branches and the AMA and PMA. The diameter of LVs of the PMA was larger than AMA. Furthermore, fluid channels with varying diameters and densities were closely localized to the LVs. The western blot PDPN protein expression confirmed IHC results.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>The LVs along the main trunk, anterior and posterior branches of the MMA, AMA, and PMA also provide an extracranial pathway for thought drainage of waste from the brain tissue in humans. Thus, the organization of the extracranial transport of LVs of the brain should be well-defined for understanding the role of lymphatic drainage in various neurological diseases.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":37913,"journal":{"name":"Translational Research in Anatomy","volume":"37 ","pages":"Article 100321"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214854X24000438/pdfft?md5=b9655f9c9a7e4b02b4527301b9b6d807&pid=1-s2.0-S2214854X24000438-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141605247","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"History of Skin Grafting: Ode to Dr. Otto Lanz","authors":"Kevlian Andrew ,&nbsp;Robert Hage","doi":"10.1016/j.tria.2024.100318","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tria.2024.100318","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>It usually takes many years for new techniques to translate into medical practice. While this can be due to several reasons, it often results in significant delays in medical advancement. For instance, shifts in societal and cultural norms can lead to different techniques or procedures being ‘lost’ to the field when certain practices are prohibited. It sometimes takes years for initiatives to reemerge, and dutiful research to recognize the true historical origins. In skin grafting, one such example is that of Dr. Otto Lanz’s Hautschlitzapparat invention, the instrument considered to be the prototype of the device now used to create skin mesh grafts. This paper aims to provide a brief overview of the history of skin grafting with a focus on how Lanz’s theory and device for what is now known as a meshed skin graft did not become mainstream practice until decades later.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>A literature search in PubMed and Google Scholar on the history of skin grafting and the contribution of Dr. Otto Lanz to this field was conducted. The keywords used in the search criteria were “skin grafting” and “Otto Lanz”. The results were summarized into a narrative discussion, along with a brief biography of Dr. Otto Lanz.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The prototype for the skin grafting device is credited to Dr. Otto Lanz who invented the Hautschlitzapparat (Skin Slit Apparatus) in 1907. This device was similar to the scarificator apparatus that existed since at least the 16^th century. However, Lanz was the first to propose its use for expanding skin grafts, and instruments thereafter were based on the principle laid out by Otto Lanz. It took almost three decades for Lanz’s insight to fully translate to methods of skin grafting procedures utilizing mesh grafts.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Dr. Otto Lanz can be viewed as one of the pioneers of skin grafting as his invention laid a foundation for what is now known to be the skin mesher. The mesher has revolutionized skin grafting procedures by reducing the required size of donor skin grafts as well as the time for healing. The time delay between Dr. Lanz’s invention and the mainstream use of meshers demonstrates, once again, the time it usually takes for the translation of innovative ideas into practice.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":37913,"journal":{"name":"Translational Research in Anatomy","volume":"37 ","pages":"Article 100318"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214854X24000402/pdfft?md5=8c8aaa8c0d49ceeec167490a43f75ba2&pid=1-s2.0-S2214854X24000402-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141592830","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intramuscular innervation of rectus extraocular muscles revisited histologically","authors":"Robert Haładaj,&nbsp;Ivan Varga","doi":"10.1016/j.tria.2024.100320","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tria.2024.100320","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Aim</h3><p>This study aims to explore the intramuscular innervation patterns of rectus extraocular muscles (REOMs) comprehensively. By supplementing existing knowledge using histological techniques to enrich current research findings, we endeavor to provide a holistic perspective on the complexities of REOM innervation.</p></div><div><h3>Material and methods</h3><p>Ten REOMs (superior, inferior, medial, and lateral) were collected from adult human cadavers of both sexes. All samples were carefully dissected to preserve muscle integrity and architecture and proceeded using H&amp;E staining.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Within each REOM, the intramuscular innervation is characterized by a dense network of motor sub-branches. Muscular sub-branches are distributed evenly within each REOM's mid-length cross-section.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>In conclusion, the intramuscular innervation of the rectus extraocular muscles is a highly complex and organized system crucial for precisely controlling eyeball movements.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":37913,"journal":{"name":"Translational Research in Anatomy","volume":"37 ","pages":"Article 100320"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214854X24000426/pdfft?md5=ce2e294968cf476774e1f201a3e1806c&pid=1-s2.0-S2214854X24000426-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141592833","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A comparative imaging analysis of paraspinal muscles in healthy individuals and patients with chronic low back pain","authors":"Hosapatna Mamatha ,&nbsp;Kumar Megur Ramakrishna Bhat ,&nbsp;Othman Hakum Said ,&nbsp;Lokadolalu Chandrachar Prasanna","doi":"10.1016/j.tria.2024.100319","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tria.2024.100319","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Chronic low back pain (CBP) is a heterogeneous disease that may be caused by intervertebral disc lesions, age-related degenerative lumbar vertebral bodies, nerve compressions at its exit points, age-related weakness of paraspinal muscles, or tendinous and myofascial causes. This study compared the changes in the cross-sectional area (CSA) of the paraspinal muscles between healthy individuals and patients with CBP at the L4 superior endplate level.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Magnetic Resonance <strong>(</strong>MR) Images of 50 healthy males without a history of back pain and 50 patients with CBP aged 40–60 years were retrospectively evaluated. The CSAs of the bilateral paraspinal muscles viz multifidus, erector spinae, psoas major, and quadratus lumborum were measured in the axial view at the level of the L4 superior endplate. The sagittal view of the MRI images at the L4 superior endplate level was selected to evaluate intervertebral disc (IVD) abnormalities. Further, these images were subjected to the Tissue Quant algorithm to quantify muscle atrophy and fat deposition.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Sagittal section images showed diffuse bulges in the IVD of 28 patients with CBP rather than IVD extrusion or protrusion. Decreased multifidus CSA and a marginal increase in CSA of other paraspinal muscles were observed in CBP patients along with significant fat infiltration within the paraspinal muscles.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>This study demonstrated a bilateral decrease in the CSA of multifidus muscles in patients with CBP compared with healthy individuals. In contrast, a slight increase in CSA was noted in the remaining paraspinal muscles, which may be due to reduced muscle mass and increased interfascicular fatty infiltration. Evaluating the manifestations of each paraspinal muscle and subsequent strengthening of the concerned muscle should be targeted for treating CBP.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":37913,"journal":{"name":"Translational Research in Anatomy","volume":"37 ","pages":"Article 100319"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214854X24000414/pdfft?md5=08232453d65a7dade39c3c1e321c3993&pid=1-s2.0-S2214854X24000414-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141592834","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum to Meckel's diverticulum with intussusception in a 5-year-old patient: Ultrasound as the key to diagnosis. A case report Translational Research in Anatomy 35 (2024)","authors":"Krzysztof Balawender, Iwona Kucharska-Miąsik, Maksymilian Kłosowicz, Wiktoria Florek, E. Clarke, Artur Derlatka, Magdalena Szatny-Kiedrzyńska, A. Żytkowski","doi":"10.1016/j.tria.2024.100323","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tria.2024.100323","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":37913,"journal":{"name":"Translational Research in Anatomy","volume":"15 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141841480","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum to The morphology, clinical significance and imaging methods of the atrial septal pouch: A critical review Translational Research in Anatomy 13 (2018) 7–11","authors":"Małgorzata Mazur, Katarzyna A. Jasinska, Jerzy A. Walocha","doi":"10.1016/j.tria.2024.100322","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tria.2024.100322","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":37913,"journal":{"name":"Translational Research in Anatomy","volume":"2020 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141851392","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}