Changfan Zhang, Lingsong He, Zhiqiang Gao, Cong Ling, Jianhao Du
Mobile health has been a new trend all over the world with the rapid development of intelligent terminals and mobile internet. It can help patients monitor health in-house and is convenient for doctors to diagnose remotely. Smart-phone-based mobile health has big advantages in cost and data sharing. Front end design of it mainly focuses on two points: one is implementation of medical sensors aimed at measuring kinds of medical signal; another is acquisition of medical signal from sensors to smart phone. In this paper, the above two aspects were both discussed. First, medical sensor implementation was proposed to refer to mature measurement solutions with ECG (electrocardiograph) sensor design taken for example. And integrated chip using can simplify design. Then second, typical data acquisition architecture of smart phones, namely Bluetooth and MIC (microphone)-based architecture, were compared. Bluetooth architecture should be equipped with an acquisition card; MIC design uses sound card of smart phone instead. Smartphone-based virtual instrument app design corresponding to above acquisition architecture was discussed. In experiments, Bluetooth and MIC architecture were used to acquire blood pressure and ECG data respectively. The results showed that Bluetooth design can guarantee high accuracy during the acquisition and transmission process, and MIC design is competitive because of low cost and convenience.
{"title":"Front end design of smartphone-based mobile health","authors":"Changfan Zhang, Lingsong He, Zhiqiang Gao, Cong Ling, Jianhao Du","doi":"10.1117/12.2180889","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2180889","url":null,"abstract":"Mobile health has been a new trend all over the world with the rapid development of intelligent terminals and mobile internet. It can help patients monitor health in-house and is convenient for doctors to diagnose remotely. Smart-phone-based mobile health has big advantages in cost and data sharing. Front end design of it mainly focuses on two points: one is implementation of medical sensors aimed at measuring kinds of medical signal; another is acquisition of medical signal from sensors to smart phone. In this paper, the above two aspects were both discussed. First, medical sensor implementation was proposed to refer to mature measurement solutions with ECG (electrocardiograph) sensor design taken for example. And integrated chip using can simplify design. Then second, typical data acquisition architecture of smart phones, namely Bluetooth and MIC (microphone)-based architecture, were compared. Bluetooth architecture should be equipped with an acquisition card; MIC design uses sound card of smart phone instead. Smartphone-based virtual instrument app design corresponding to above acquisition architecture was discussed. In experiments, Bluetooth and MIC architecture were used to acquire blood pressure and ECG data respectively. The results showed that Bluetooth design can guarantee high accuracy during the acquisition and transmission process, and MIC design is competitive because of low cost and convenience.","PeriodicalId":380636,"journal":{"name":"Precision Engineering Measurements and Instrumentation","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124383331","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lijun Dong, Ke Liu, Lei Guo, Yinxiao Miao, Liwei Xin
In this study we analyze one of a CFD for timing discrimination. Walk error, drift and precision are the three performance parameters of timing discrimination. The walk error is the most important error type generally. Firstly, we divided the waveform into two types. One is the Gaussian waveform distribution which has three parameters: amplitude, mean, and the pulse width; and the other is Rayleigh waveform distribution which has two parameters: mean and pulse. We analyzed different situations with their changing parameter, and the drift value of time can be obtained for each parameter changing.
{"title":"Analyzing time walk error of leading trailing edge CFD of timing discrimination for Gaussian and Rayleigh distribution waveform","authors":"Lijun Dong, Ke Liu, Lei Guo, Yinxiao Miao, Liwei Xin","doi":"10.1117/12.2181701","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2181701","url":null,"abstract":"In this study we analyze one of a CFD for timing discrimination. Walk error, drift and precision are the three performance parameters of timing discrimination. The walk error is the most important error type generally. Firstly, we divided the waveform into two types. One is the Gaussian waveform distribution which has three parameters: amplitude, mean, and the pulse width; and the other is Rayleigh waveform distribution which has two parameters: mean and pulse. We analyzed different situations with their changing parameter, and the drift value of time can be obtained for each parameter changing.","PeriodicalId":380636,"journal":{"name":"Precision Engineering Measurements and Instrumentation","volume":"121 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133581312","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yu-shu Shi, Xu Song, S. Li, Wei Li, Qi Li, Siwen Chen, Fei Shen, Xiaoping Song, S. Gao
A small forest-ball was manufactured and calibrated using CMM F25. An industrial CT called Metrotom1500 was calibrated by the small forest-ball and another big forest-ball produced by Carl Zeiss. These two forest-balls were separately measured at two different magnifications of the industrial CT, and the measurement results could meet the maximum permissible error of Metrotom1500.
{"title":"Calibration of industrial CT using two forest-balls","authors":"Yu-shu Shi, Xu Song, S. Li, Wei Li, Qi Li, Siwen Chen, Fei Shen, Xiaoping Song, S. Gao","doi":"10.1117/12.2181284","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2181284","url":null,"abstract":"A small forest-ball was manufactured and calibrated using CMM F25. An industrial CT called Metrotom1500 was calibrated by the small forest-ball and another big forest-ball produced by Carl Zeiss. These two forest-balls were separately measured at two different magnifications of the industrial CT, and the measurement results could meet the maximum permissible error of Metrotom1500.","PeriodicalId":380636,"journal":{"name":"Precision Engineering Measurements and Instrumentation","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132822469","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Based on the theoretical model of Airy spot, a method is proposed for improving the imaging speed from confocal microscopy. The virtual Airy spot is designed for obtaining the pattern on CCD at detecting plane. Here the size of the spot is determined by the parameters of imaging system and intensity data from point detector, which can receive data quicker than CCD. The treatment can improve the speed of imaging comparing with CCD at receiving end. The virtual structured detection is also utilized for generating high-resolution image. Some numerical simulation results are provided for demonstrating the validity of the proposed method.
{"title":"Super-resolution imaging based on virtual Airy spot","authors":"Zhengjun Liu, Cheng Guo, Junning Cui, Qun Wu","doi":"10.1117/12.2180682","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2180682","url":null,"abstract":"Based on the theoretical model of Airy spot, a method is proposed for improving the imaging speed from confocal microscopy. The virtual Airy spot is designed for obtaining the pattern on CCD at detecting plane. Here the size of the spot is determined by the parameters of imaging system and intensity data from point detector, which can receive data quicker than CCD. The treatment can improve the speed of imaging comparing with CCD at receiving end. The virtual structured detection is also utilized for generating high-resolution image. Some numerical simulation results are provided for demonstrating the validity of the proposed method.","PeriodicalId":380636,"journal":{"name":"Precision Engineering Measurements and Instrumentation","volume":"693 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132824922","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The compound axis tracking control circuits model of the ATP system was established and simulation was run on the tracking control performance of the ATP system. It was found through simulation that with the fixed coarse tracking error, the dynamic lag error in the coarse tracking servo system could be suppressed to 120μrad; and with the fixed fine tracking error, the dynamic lag error in the fine tracking servo system could be restrained to 2.73μrad, and the vibration residual could be controlled within 1.5μrad.
{"title":"Simulation research on ATP system of airborne laser communication","authors":"Zhongyi Zhao, Hailong Huang","doi":"10.1117/12.2182043","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2182043","url":null,"abstract":"The compound axis tracking control circuits model of the ATP system was established and simulation was run on the tracking control performance of the ATP system. It was found through simulation that with the fixed coarse tracking error, the dynamic lag error in the coarse tracking servo system could be suppressed to 120μrad; and with the fixed fine tracking error, the dynamic lag error in the fine tracking servo system could be restrained to 2.73μrad, and the vibration residual could be controlled within 1.5μrad.","PeriodicalId":380636,"journal":{"name":"Precision Engineering Measurements and Instrumentation","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114032264","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Y. Cai, Jianqiang Guo, Ze-yong Wang, Xiaorong Gao, Xiang-dong Jiang, Xi Li
In order to achieve the in-service detection to high speed train wheel rims, this article analyzed the effects of the number of array elements to image focusing and image quality using water immersion ultrasonic phased array technology. Also, the effects of the depth of water to detecting technique had been researched. According to the results of the experiments, the number of optimal array elements, the corresponding thickness of immersion layer, and the optimal range of water’s depth had been obtained. Thus, appropriate references had been provided to water immersion ultrasonic phased array testing.
{"title":"Detection of wheel rim by immersion scan of phased array ultrasonic flaw testing","authors":"Y. Cai, Jianqiang Guo, Ze-yong Wang, Xiaorong Gao, Xiang-dong Jiang, Xi Li","doi":"10.1117/12.2182739","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2182739","url":null,"abstract":"In order to achieve the in-service detection to high speed train wheel rims, this article analyzed the effects of the number of array elements to image focusing and image quality using water immersion ultrasonic phased array technology. Also, the effects of the depth of water to detecting technique had been researched. According to the results of the experiments, the number of optimal array elements, the corresponding thickness of immersion layer, and the optimal range of water’s depth had been obtained. Thus, appropriate references had been provided to water immersion ultrasonic phased array testing.","PeriodicalId":380636,"journal":{"name":"Precision Engineering Measurements and Instrumentation","volume":"75 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117216863","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The refractive index of air can be directly measured by a refractometer or can be calculated by using updated Edlén's formulas by measuring the parameters of the surrounding air or by using the modified two-colour method. In this paper an overview on the three methods is given by taking into account for their features, uncertainties and application fields.
{"title":"Refractive index of air for interferometric length measurements","authors":"A. Abou-Zeid","doi":"10.1117/12.2181552","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2181552","url":null,"abstract":"The refractive index of air can be directly measured by a refractometer or can be calculated by using updated Edlén's formulas by measuring the parameters of the surrounding air or by using the modified two-colour method. In this paper an overview on the three methods is given by taking into account for their features, uncertainties and application fields.","PeriodicalId":380636,"journal":{"name":"Precision Engineering Measurements and Instrumentation","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121305554","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tu Shi, Yongying Yang, Lei Zhang, Dong Liu, Yangjie Chen
Careful alignment of optical elements is essential in interferometric tests. Misalignments of the key element largely influence the testing accuracy. For aspheric figure error testing, non-null tests achieve more flexible and economical measurements than the null ones. However, retrace error is induced due to the violation of null configuration, making the alignment difficult. In aspheric partial compensation testing, the partial compensating lens (PCL) as the key component needs careful adjustment. The aplanat alignment method is effective for the PCL adjusting with high accuracy employing a removable lens, which combined with the PCL as an aplanat. But its structure is complex. After describing this method, a PCL computer-aided alignment (CAA) method is posed basing on system modeling in a ray tracing software. The structure is simplified with computer calculations. The PCL tilt and decentration are easily aligned with a plane and a standard spherical mirror respectively, according to linear relations with wavefront coma aberrations on the detector. Alignment of the PCL was implemented with these two methods in an aspheric partial compensation testing experimental apparatus. Adjustment and aspheric testing results were presented in order. The CAA method is a generalized approach with simpler structure, while the aplanat alignment method is easy to carry out and suitable for industrial application.
{"title":"Alignment methods for partial compensating lens of aspheric testing in a non-null interferometer","authors":"Tu Shi, Yongying Yang, Lei Zhang, Dong Liu, Yangjie Chen","doi":"10.1117/12.2181177","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2181177","url":null,"abstract":"Careful alignment of optical elements is essential in interferometric tests. Misalignments of the key element largely influence the testing accuracy. For aspheric figure error testing, non-null tests achieve more flexible and economical measurements than the null ones. However, retrace error is induced due to the violation of null configuration, making the alignment difficult. In aspheric partial compensation testing, the partial compensating lens (PCL) as the key component needs careful adjustment. The aplanat alignment method is effective for the PCL adjusting with high accuracy employing a removable lens, which combined with the PCL as an aplanat. But its structure is complex. After describing this method, a PCL computer-aided alignment (CAA) method is posed basing on system modeling in a ray tracing software. The structure is simplified with computer calculations. The PCL tilt and decentration are easily aligned with a plane and a standard spherical mirror respectively, according to linear relations with wavefront coma aberrations on the detector. Alignment of the PCL was implemented with these two methods in an aspheric partial compensation testing experimental apparatus. Adjustment and aspheric testing results were presented in order. The CAA method is a generalized approach with simpler structure, while the aplanat alignment method is easy to carry out and suitable for industrial application.","PeriodicalId":380636,"journal":{"name":"Precision Engineering Measurements and Instrumentation","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115952533","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Zhenxian Fu, Yurong Lin, Yang Liu, Xing-lin Chen, Fanghui Chen
A parameter estimation approach is proposed for parameter determination of a 3-axis air-bearing suspended test table. The table is to provide a balanced and frictionless environment for spacecraft ground test. To balance the suspension, the mechanical parameters of the table, including its angular inertias and centroid deviation from its rotating center, have to be determined first. Then sliding masses on the table can be adjusted by stepper motors to relocate the centroid of the table to its rotating center. Using the angular momentum theorem and the coriolis theorem, dynamic equations are derived describing the rotation of the table under the influence of gravity imbalance torque and activating torques. To generate the actuating torques, use of momentum wheels is proposed, whose virtue is that no active control is required to the momentum wheels, which merely have to spin at constant rates, thus avoiding the singularity problem and the difficulty of precisely adjusting the output torques, issues associated with control moment gyros. The gyroscopic torques generated by the momentum wheels, as they are forced by the table to precess, are sufficient to activate the table for parameter estimation. Then least-square estimation is be employed to calculate the desired parameters. The effectiveness of the method is validated by simulation.
{"title":"Parameter estimation of an air-bearing suspended test table","authors":"Zhenxian Fu, Yurong Lin, Yang Liu, Xing-lin Chen, Fanghui Chen","doi":"10.1117/12.2182268","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2182268","url":null,"abstract":"A parameter estimation approach is proposed for parameter determination of a 3-axis air-bearing suspended test table. The table is to provide a balanced and frictionless environment for spacecraft ground test. To balance the suspension, the mechanical parameters of the table, including its angular inertias and centroid deviation from its rotating center, have to be determined first. Then sliding masses on the table can be adjusted by stepper motors to relocate the centroid of the table to its rotating center. Using the angular momentum theorem and the coriolis theorem, dynamic equations are derived describing the rotation of the table under the influence of gravity imbalance torque and activating torques. To generate the actuating torques, use of momentum wheels is proposed, whose virtue is that no active control is required to the momentum wheels, which merely have to spin at constant rates, thus avoiding the singularity problem and the difficulty of precisely adjusting the output torques, issues associated with control moment gyros. The gyroscopic torques generated by the momentum wheels, as they are forced by the table to precess, are sufficient to activate the table for parameter estimation. Then least-square estimation is be employed to calculate the desired parameters. The effectiveness of the method is validated by simulation.","PeriodicalId":380636,"journal":{"name":"Precision Engineering Measurements and Instrumentation","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116672240","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nowadays, there are many kinds of magnetic field sensors such as Hall sensor, Gauss meter and so on. But few of them can be used in the small air gaps which size is about millimeter. A thin-slice Giant Magnetostrictive Material-fiber Bragg grating (GMM–FBG) magnetic field sensor was proposed with the size of 14mm×7mm×1.5mm. The FBG was bonded along the GMM slice length orientation, perpendicular to the major magnetostriction orientation, to measure the GMM’s strain caused by external magnetic field. Experiment systems were established to test the GMM–FBG sensor’s static and dynamic properties. The results show that the sensor’s static property is consistent with the theoretical prediction, and the dynamic response is feasible in low frequencies from 1Hz to 20Hz.
{"title":"Static and dynamic property experiments of giant magnetostrictive material-fiber Bragg grating magnetic field sensors","authors":"Guoping Ding, Jiayi Liu, Bin Gao, Biyun Zhang","doi":"10.1117/12.2181344","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2181344","url":null,"abstract":"Nowadays, there are many kinds of magnetic field sensors such as Hall sensor, Gauss meter and so on. But few of them can be used in the small air gaps which size is about millimeter. A thin-slice Giant Magnetostrictive Material-fiber Bragg grating (GMM–FBG) magnetic field sensor was proposed with the size of 14mm×7mm×1.5mm. The FBG was bonded along the GMM slice length orientation, perpendicular to the major magnetostriction orientation, to measure the GMM’s strain caused by external magnetic field. Experiment systems were established to test the GMM–FBG sensor’s static and dynamic properties. The results show that the sensor’s static property is consistent with the theoretical prediction, and the dynamic response is feasible in low frequencies from 1Hz to 20Hz.","PeriodicalId":380636,"journal":{"name":"Precision Engineering Measurements and Instrumentation","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121805389","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：