Digital Applications in Archaeology and Cultural Heritage最新文献

Technology advancements have proven to benefit every part of our life. It has shown visible results in all domains including medicine, retail, governance, entertainment to quite a few. There are several ways technology has been used for art and culture. In this paper, we examine the use of technology for a 400 year old art form Kathakali, one of the most sacred arts of Indian Cultural Heritage. Kathakali is known for hand-gestures, dance elements, music and sophisticated costumes and makeups. Kathakali is salient part of Indian Cultural Heritage. However, there haven't been much work to promote this part of Indian history. Through this paper, we aim towards taking one major step between our technological field and Indian cultural heritage. We use artificial intelligence (AI) techniques such as convolutional neural networks for Kathakali character identification from images. We employ different deep learning techniques for the same and evaluate the performance of our algorithms. We observe that through rigorous parameter tuning and experiments, up to 97.5% accuracy has been obtained. We have personally recorded images of Kathakali from live performances over 20 years. The data set developed for this study contains images for 6 Kathakali characters - Pacha, Kathi, Minukku-Female, Red Beard, White Beard and Kari-Male and have been made available for the public to use in future. We then develop a web platform wherein users can upload new Kathakali images and the platform uses the AI algorithm behind to identify its character type. The web platform has been designed to deploy in a cloud environment so that it can benefit the public. We show how technology advancements can help improve audience reach for such old Indian art forms through this paper.

Achondroplasia (ACH, achondroplastic dwarfism) represents the most common form of skeletal dysplasia, occurring in c. 4 out of every 100,000 births. This study presents a computer-based facial approximation of the skull of a male individual living with ACH, who died at 30–45 years of age and was buried in Łekno, Poland between the 9th and 11th centuries AD. For the approximation procedure, soft tissue data from CT scans and ultrasonic measurements performed on living individuals were used. Additionally, an anatomical deformation technique was applied to arrive at the most reliable reconstruction of the achondroplastic individual's appearance. To our knowledge, this is the first facial depiction of a person with achondroplasia, and one of the few showing a head of an individual suffering from a hereditary disease, with dimensions and shape differing from the population average values.

Various countries in the world have experienced the impact of significant changes since late 2019 when the Covid-19 outbreak began to hit. The Covid-19 epidemic that has hit the world globally has triggered various adjustments in daily life to break the chain of infection. The tourism sector is also not immune from its negative impact. The number of tourist visits has decreased dramatically, and this requires a new approach to reviving the tourism industry, which was previously able to generate massive revenue for a country. So, in facing this issue, digital technology is one of the best approaches to attract back tourists to visit tourist locations. To meet the needs, the Sungai Batu Archaeological Complex (SBAC) has proactively introduced Augmented Reality (AR), hologram fans and QR code technology in its tour package.

3D imaging methods are increasingly employed in cultural heritage research to analyse and document objects in museum collections. In this work, we provide an interactive visualisation plugin for the open-source software Blender, to combine and inspect two complementary 3D imaging modalities: CT images, which capture the interior; and surface scans, which capture the exterior. 3D CT scan data can be visualised, both as volumetric representation and as orthogonal slices, and a 3D surface scan can be registered onto the CT data. It allows users to simultaneously and interactively inspect these modalities and to virtually cut through an object. It also provides tools for generating output images and videos for research and public outreach purposes. The plugin workflow was applied to four case studies from the collections of the Rijksmuseum, Amsterdam, and the British Museum, London. The plugin is published open-source together with detailed guidelines and a practice dataset.

The use of new technologies applied to historical heritage has meant a total transformation in the procedures and usual work of the archaeological discipline. To deepen the study of the domestic architecture of the Roman city of Arucci (Aroche, Huelva) a 3D model of what is known as Casa de Peristilo was created. Its use has provided multiple possibilities for recording, preserving, and disseminating, not emerging as a reality alien to traditional systems but as a support and continuous evolution of them in the face of a society that is increasingly demanding new ways of interacting.

The rapid evolution of mobile smart devices and the development of inexpensive immersive devices (VR googles, google box etc.) in the past two decades have brought opportunities in the field of curating, storing, and viewing art. These new ways of experiencing art with the help of the latest technologies extend from physical to the virtual space, and any combination of the two. This paper presents a comparative study of selected existing Virtual Reality (VR), Augmented Reality (AR) and Mixed Reality (MR) Platforms and Tools for viewing and exhibiting Art. This study explores the key features of each platform, whether the platform is open source or a commercial product, the enabling of interactivity between the users within each platform, and finally the strong and weak points of each. To conclude, this study explores how such platforms and tools can transform the field of curating and exhibiting art.

As with the study of so many shipwrecks, the late 16th-century Iberian Western Ledge Reef Wreck presents many challenges and opportunities. Since its original discovery in Bermuda in the 1960s, through the subsequent excavation and documentation efforts in the early 1990s, to more recent analysis and ongoing research, the archaeological material related to the hull remains of this vessel still offers new avenues to advance our knowledge on ship construction and design. The project demonstrates the value of combining traditional recording and post-excavation documentation with modern methods of 2D and 3D modeling and digital reconstruction of the complex hull geometry, analyzing hydrostatic parameters and performance, and data visualization.

This paper discusses the modality of the digital surface documentation of the archaeological site of al-Jumayil during the 2021 excavation campaign organised by the Institute of Classical Archaeology of the University of Vienna. A digital terrain model encompassing an area of 23,783.4 m² was created using the photogrammetric range imaging technique SfM (Structure from Motion). It is based on 12,983 orthographic photographs. The resulting high-resolution 3D model – a snapshot in time displaying the current condition of the visible structures related to historic al-Jumayil – laid the foundation for further off-site data processing. In addition to the three-dimensional model, a digital elevation model (DEM), a georeferenced orthographic map, and a ground plan containing all visible wall structures of the settlement was produced from the collected data. This case study aims to present the in-field application of a systematic photogrammetric approach used as a fast and accurate tool for mapping an archaeological site step-by-step in two and three dimensions within a topographic survey.

Throughout history, the Dacian landscape has aroused the imagination of many people. For decades, researchers have been fascinated by the magnificent structures the Dacians built and how they altered the mountains to their advantage. Dacian sites, despite their grandeur, remain mostly unknown due to their position deep within Romania's vast forests, generally in remote regions and hidden from the naked eye. Ground exploration in densely forested mountain regions is extremely difficult, and even if campaigns of conventional exploration had been undertaken, they would have been insufficient to provide a comprehensive picture of the Dacian world. The lack of high-resolution remote-sensing data for wide areas has made large-scale assessments of the landscape impractical. This is changing, as new large datasets of LiDAR-derived digital terrain models, covering the entire heartland of the Dacian Kingdom, are now freely available. This paper reports on one of the most recent freely available LiDAR-based high-resolution digital terrain models in Romania, its impact on Romanian mountain archaeology, and how this can shape future research directions in understanding the Dacian landscape.