Digital Applications in Archaeology and Cultural Heritage最新文献

The refurbishment of industrial heritage structures offers economic benefits and provides future generations with an insight into the industrial history of cities. Industrial heritage projects possess unique attributes and risks, and the procedures for restoring, renovating, and converting these structures differ from those of other construction projects. The study introduces the concept of prevention through design into the BIM model for each element by adding an eighth dimension. Two gasometer projects were analysed as a case study. A team of experts was utilised to identify potential health and safety hazards and risks connected with both construction and post-commissioning operations. This information was then incorporated into the BIM model and safer design proposals, along with necessary safety measures, were embedded in the LOD of each element. This study proposes a method for engaging safety professionals, restoration experts, and site managers in the early design decisions of industrial heritage projects.

When creating a visualisation of archaeological features using 3D graphic software, it is vital to document the process of preparing a reconstruction together with the interpretation processes. With the use of mind maps, it is possible to present in a simple way how the works on the visualisation proceeded. Properly prepared diagrams provide a source of knowledge about the data gathered and the relationships amongst them. They present the information acquired through an analysis of sources and reference material as well as details about the methods used, technical solutions and parameters adopted. Basing on the example of the visualisation of a medieval house discovered at the Siecieborowice site (Poland), the formulated hypotheses and the entire research procedure were presented in graphic form using Coggle mind mapping software.

The aim of the paper is to evaluate whether mind mapping software is a useful tool for documenting the visualisation process. The advantages and disadvantages of this method will be discussed.

Using computational design tools to create meaningful digital representations of architectural heritage delivers both challenges and opportunities. On one hand, digital tools aid the fast and detailed three-dimensional modeling of architectural elements. On the other hand, these models do not sufficiently document the materials and techniques of making. This research proposes a workflow to use computational design tools to analyze historic Anatolian brick elements while integrating their geometry, construction, and part-whole relations in parametric modeling and robotic fabrication processes. Our approach demonstrates a correlation between the design of the surface pattern and material application in historical bricklaying. The proposed workflow can be applied to formalize implicit design knowledge, integrating it into the digital environment and numeric control production codes. This holistic approach to heritage prioritizes both the tangible aspects, such as form and material, and intangible aspects such as the knowledge base of applied techniques.

The collective body of significant clothes, accessories, and textiles that holds cultural, artistic, and historical value constitutes, today, an important part of museum collections and a Heritage, whose value progressively increases due to the more and more pervasiveness of fashion in our daily life. However, exhibiting this Heritage poses significant challenges due to its fragility and the difficult nature of showcasing garment that cannot simply be presented in a static manner from a singular perspective, as with paintings. Instead, clothes must be experienced in motion, when worn, facilitating the observation of their details as a complete entity, within the cultural and environmental context in which they were originally conceived. Among the different technologies that are being introduced in the field, this paper explores the integration of Virtual Reality (VR) as a solution to address the challenges in exhibiting aged and historical clothes. The adoption of VR brings about novel approaches in studying Fashion Heritage to help researchers, historians, and fashion enthusiasts to gain insights into the dynamic identities and preferences of past generations, thus contributing to a profound understanding of Heritage and its relevance to the contemporary fashion trends. Five different possible solutions are presented to solve common issues in showcasing garments: among these, a case study focused on the Museo della Moda e del Costume at Palazzo Pitti in Florence is detailed and elaborated, in collaboration with Le Gallerie degli Uffizi.

The vault's design has a direct influence on its architectural embellishments. Various ornamental styles, including Karbandi, Yazdibandi, Muqarnas, and Kaseh-Sazi, are commonly seen in Iranian architecture. However, Kaseh-Sazi, an independent ornamentation technique, has been largely overlooked in previous studies. Architectural records, such as the Mirza Akbar scroll, feature 2D depictions of different Kaseh-Sazi patterns. This research aims to create 3D models of these 2D patterns, reproducing the mathematical and geometric principles behind Kaseh-Sazi. The Mirza Akbar's scroll, renowned as a significant architectural document, unveils the geometric motifs of Kaseh-Sazi. The study reveals the Kaseh-Sazi structure incorporates intricate mathematical and geometric connections. Factors such as the architectural plan, client and manager perspectives, and the architect's expertise all influence the construction of Kaseh-Sazi; and sometimes, architects may simplify the intricate structural and geometric elements of Kaseh-Sazi to facilitate the construction process.

As per the objectives of Project CHANGES, particularly its thematic sub-project on the use of virtual technologies for museums and art collections, our goal was to obtain a digital twin of the temporary exhibition on Ulisse Aldrovandi called “The Other Renaissance”, and make it accessible to users online. After a preliminary study of the exhibition, focusing on acquisition constraints and related solutions, we proceeded with the digital twin creation by acquiring, processing, modelling, optimising, exporting, and metadating the exhibition. We made hybrid use of two acquisition techniques to create new digital cultural heritage objects and environments, and we used open technologies, formats, and protocols to make available the final digital product. Here, we describe the process of collecting and curating bibliographical exhibition (meta) data and the beginning of the digital twin creation to foster its findability, accessibility, interoperability, and reusability. The creation of the digital twin is currently ongoing.

This paper explores the potential of photogrammetry for the analysis of painted plaster from Amarna, Egypt. The proposed method is applied to two different forms of painted plaster – gypsum floor plaster, and gypsum and mud wall plaster from Amarna in Egypt. The method proposes that the 3D documentation of painted plasters can be used as a non-invasive analytical tool, specifically for studying the stratigraphic structure of plaster layers. Furthermore, the presence of al secco painting techniques is clearly identified, suggesting this method can be implemented for non-destructive analyses and identification of al secco and al fresco painting techniques on plaster, prior to further, more invasive analyses.

The presence of caves and, in general, of subterranean landforms produced by karst processes is among the most typical geological features of the territory of Apulia, southern Italy. Several examples can be counted throughout the region, especially in the Murge area. The need to perform geo-structural analysis aimed at evaluating the stability conditions is especially significant for those caves open to the public. In the Murge area, the cave of Saint Michael at Minervino Murge is among the most famous. Beside the religious and historical interests, the whole cave needed a detailed analysis of the rock mass stability, both for protection of its architectural and archaeological values, and for safeguard of the visitors. At these aims, we performed various digital surveys by means of laser scanners and drones equipped with high-resolution cameras, in order to understand the geological setting of the entire cave and to identify unstable blocks.

Museums are exhibitionary complexes which communicate using aggregated space, objects, and people. For the visitors of museums, two distinctive modes of experience – “archive” and “exhibition” experiences – stand out and are in conversation with one another. One might expect these experiences to have contradictory aims, or be mutually exclusive, but the distinction between the two has not always been clear or rigid. The distinction can be observed in details of museum practices, which cater to public expectations for change in museum spaces and public history. This paper will take the Pitt Rivers Museum as a subject and will embed a 3D virtual thematic exhibition – Rites of Passage – to illustrate the relation between the two experiences. Within the virtual exhibition a study of bodily movement is depicted for the comparison between the two experiences, which might further help us grasp the substance of replying to future generation of museums.

This article presents a numerical modeling study carried out on the Forges de Varenne, a former industrial establishment located in Champsecret, in the Orne department of France. These forges were active from the late 16th century until 1866 and represent one of the best preserved sites in Europe, having been classified as a historic monument since 1987. The main aim of this research was to preserve this exceptional industrial heritage by carrying out a detailed photogrammetric survey of the elevated structures and reconstructing the buildings in their original state of operation. We were able to simulate the industrial processes and mechanisms at work in the forges. This has enabled us to gain a better understanding of how the site operates, and to assess the impact of different variables on production. This work has contributed to a better understanding of the region's industrial history and provided a solid basis for the conservation and enhancement of this historic site, unique in Europe.