Materials Science and Engineering: R: Reports最新文献_第10页

Bioinspired electrically conductive hydrogels: Rational engineering for next-generation flexible mechanosensors 仿生导电水凝胶：下一代柔性机械传感器的合理工程

IF 31.6 1区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Materials Science and Engineering: R: Reports

Pub Date : 2025-08-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.mser.2025.101080

Bohui Zheng , Hongwei Zhou , Guoxu Zhao , Kexuan Wang , Ping Wu , Hanbin Liu , Peng Wang , Yao Yao , Feng Xu

Biological tissues, especially human skin, exhibit remarkable abilities to sense, adapt, and interface with surrounding environments, driving a significantly increasing interest in creating synthetic materials that can mimic these functions. Electrically conductive hydrogels (ECHs) represent a promising class of bioinspired materials poised to reshape the landscape of flexible mechanosensing technologies. Their intrinsic softness, biocompatibility, and tunable electrical conductivity enable them to serve as skin-like interfaces, translating mechanical stimuli (e.g., strain or pressure) into electronic signals. Despite the rapid development of ECHs, there still lacks a comprehensive understanding of the rational design principles, key functionalization strategies, and novel engineering methods, for achieving advanced mechanosensors. New applications in health monitoring, soft robotics, human-machine interactions, and plant monitoring also increasingly demand better sensitivity, durability, multifunctionality, and environmental stability of mechanosensors. This review consolidates the latest advances in ECH-based flexible mechanosensors, systematically analyzes the materials chemistry and mechanics that underpin their performance, and highlights the state-of-the-art fabrication approaches that expand their potential. By examining the principles and progress of this rapidly evolving field, we provide insights not only as a current benchmark for ECH-based sensor technologies but also as a strategic guide, illuminating pathways for future breakthroughs that can address pressing practical challenges.

生物组织，尤其是人类皮肤，表现出非凡的感知、适应和与周围环境交互的能力，这促使人们对创造能够模仿这些功能的合成材料的兴趣显著增加。导电水凝胶（ECHs）代表了一类有前途的生物启发材料，准备重塑柔性机械传感技术的景观。它们固有的柔软性、生物相容性和可调节的导电性使它们能够作为皮肤样的界面，将机械刺激（例如，应变或压力）转换为电子信号。尽管ECHs发展迅速，但仍缺乏对合理设计原则、关键功能化策略和新颖工程方法的全面理解，以实现先进的机械传感器。在健康监测、软机器人、人机交互和工厂监测方面的新应用也越来越要求机械传感器具有更好的灵敏度、耐用性、多功能性和环境稳定性。本文综述了基于ech的柔性机械传感器的最新进展，系统地分析了支撑其性能的材料化学和力学，并强调了扩大其潜力的最先进的制造方法。通过研究这一快速发展领域的原理和进展，我们提供的见解不仅是基于ech的传感器技术的当前基准，而且是战略指南，为未来的突破指明了道路，可以解决紧迫的实际挑战。

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引用次数: 0

Internal resistance reduction strategies for high-power and fast-charging Lithium-ion batteries 大功率快速充电锂离子电池内阻降低策略

IF 31.6 1区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Materials Science and Engineering: R: Reports

Pub Date : 2025-08-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.mser.2025.101076

Fashen Zhao , Jing Wang , Tianyi Jiang , Yanling Si , Xiayu Zhu , Songtong Zhang , Kai Li , Wenjie Meng , Huimin Zhang , Gaoping Cao , Hai Ming , Wenfeng Zhang , Jingyi Qiu

With the rapid development of electric vehicles and portable electronic devices, the demand for high-power and fast-charging Lithium-ion batteries has seen exponential growth. The internal resistance of Lithium-ion batteries, as a key physical parameter, limits both the efficiency of fast-charging and the performance of high-power energy storage systems, and development of efficient strategies to reduce internal resistance has become a key focus for recent research. This review systematically summarizes strategies for reducing the internal resistance of high-power Lithium-ion batteries. It begins by highlighting innovative advancements of key components, including electrode materials design, optimization of electrolyte, regulation of separator properties, improvements in current collector structures and the refinement of tab connection processes. In addition, the review discusses how advanced manufacturing techniques affecting internal resistance, such as thick-electrode engineering, multi-level cell series connection, and the selection and optimization of battery shapes. Furthermore, system-controlling optimization and how internal resistance varies, covering innovative charging protocol design, the application of artificial intelligence and machine learning models and the implementation of improved thermal management systems are addressed. Finally, challenges and future directions in regulating internal resistance for developing high-power and fast-charging Lithium-ion batteries are highlighted. The review is particularly pertinent for electric vehicles, autonomous unmanned aerial vehicles, high-power military equipment, and large-scale energy storage stations, thereby paving the way for advancements in energy storage technology.

随着电动汽车和便携式电子设备的快速发展，对大功率、快充锂离子电池的需求呈指数级增长。锂离子电池的内阻作为一个关键的物理参数，既限制了快速充电的效率，也限制了大功率储能系统的性能，开发有效降低内阻的策略已成为当前研究的重点。本文系统总结了降低大功率锂离子电池内阻的策略。它首先突出了关键部件的创新进步，包括电极材料设计，电解质优化，分离器性能调节，电流集电极结构的改进和标签连接工艺的改进。此外，还讨论了厚电极工程、多级电池串联连接、电池形状的选择和优化等先进制造技术对内阻的影响。此外，系统控制优化和内部电阻如何变化，涵盖创新充电协议设计，人工智能和机器学习模型的应用以及改进的热管理系统的实施。最后指出了高功率快充锂离子电池内阻调控面临的挑战和未来发展方向。该报告特别针对电动汽车、自主无人机、大功率军事装备、大型储能站等领域，为储能技术的发展铺平了道路。

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引用次数: 0

Emerging materials and applications from thermally evaporated electronic films 热蒸发电子薄膜的新兴材料和应用

IF 31.6 1区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Materials Science and Engineering: R: Reports

Pub Date : 2025-08-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.mser.2025.101077

Xiangxiang Gao , Rui Sun , Zihao Li , Yuelong Feng , Zhenhua Lin , Yue Hao , Jian Zhu , Jingjing Chang

The electronics community remains deeply engaged in the pursuit of large-area and high-quality electronic materials that can be produced through cost-effective approaches. However, numerous mainstream candidates encounter significant challenges, including the scarcity and high cost of essential components, substantial manufacturing expenses, inadequate stability, and difficulties in achieving large-scale fabrication. Thermal evaporation, a well-established technique for material deposition, has attracted substantial attention in the electronic device industry due to its versatility. This method is not only free from toxic solvents but also enables precise control over film thickness, and integrates seamlessly with complementary metal-oxide semiconductor (CMOS) processes. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the principles and techniques associated with thermal evaporation, as well as the electronic materials produced by this method. It covers dielectric, semiconductor, and conductor materials, along with their applications in transistors and circuits, photodetectors, light-emitting diodes, resistive random-access memory, neuromorphic devices, solar cells, X-ray detectors, imaging and health monitoring technologies. Ultimately, insights and perspectives on the future development of this field are discussed.

电子界仍然致力于追求大面积和高质量的电子材料，这些材料可以通过成本效益的方法生产。然而，许多主流候选产品都遇到了重大挑战，包括关键部件的稀缺和高成本、大量的制造费用、不充分的稳定性以及实现大规模制造的困难。热蒸发是一种成熟的材料沉积技术，由于其多功能性而引起了电子器件行业的广泛关注。这种方法不仅没有有毒溶剂，而且可以精确控制薄膜厚度，并与互补金属氧化物半导体（CMOS）工艺无缝集成。本文综述了热蒸发的原理和相关技术，以及用这种方法生产的电子材料。它涵盖了电介质、半导体和导体材料，以及它们在晶体管和电路、光电探测器、发光二极管、电阻随机存取存储器、神经形态设备、太阳能电池、x射线探测器、成像和健康监测技术中的应用。最后，对该领域的未来发展进行了分析和展望。

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引用次数: 0

Trace SO2 capture and conversion by a zirconium MOF 锆MOF捕获和转化痕量二氧化硫

IF 31.6 1区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Materials Science and Engineering: R: Reports

Pub Date : 2025-07-31 DOI: 10.1016/j.mser.2025.101074

Guang-Rui Si , Xiang-Jing Kong , Tao He , Lin-Hua Xie , Michael J. Zaworotko , Jian-Rong Li

Whereas 95 % of SO₂ from flue gas streams is removed by conventional ﬂue-gas desulfurization (FGD) technologies, multi-stage energy-intensive and waste-generating scrubbing is needed to meet current emission standards (≤35 ppm) and requirements for processes such as CO₂ capture and denitrification (<10 ppm). Despite the availability of numerous methods and materials for desulfurization, the integrated capture and conversion of trace SO₂ remains challenges. Herein, we report that the layered metal-organic framework (MOF) BUT-86 captures trace (100 ppm) SO₂ from simulated flue gas to afford effluent SO₂ levels < 10 ppb. Performance is driven by exceptional SO₂/CO₂ selectivity at 80 % RH. Captured SO₂ can be subsequently removed by room temperature conversion to 2-hydroxypropane-2-sulfonic acid to regenerate BUT-86. Reactive SO₂ binding involving bisulfite formation that requires the presence of adsorbed water drives the performance of BUT-86, the first sorbent that enables integrated trace SO₂ capture and conversion from flue gas.

传统的烟气脱硫（FGD）技术可去除烟气流中95% %的二氧化硫，但要满足当前的排放标准（≤35 ppm）以及二氧化碳捕集和脱硝等工艺要求（<10 ppm），需要进行多阶段能源密集型和产生废物的洗涤。尽管有许多方法和材料可用于脱硫，但综合捕获和转化痕量二氧化硫仍然是一个挑战。本文中，我们报告了层状金属有机框架（MOF） BUT-86从模拟烟气中捕获痕量（100 ppm） SO2，以提供排放SO2水平<； 10 ppb。在80 % RH下，卓越的SO2/CO2选择性驱动了性能。捕获的SO2随后可以通过室温转化为2-羟基丙烷-2-磺酸来去除，以再生ut -86。反应性SO2结合涉及亚硫酸盐的形成，需要吸附水的存在，这推动了BUT-86的性能，这是第一种能够从烟气中综合捕获和转化痕量SO2的吸附剂。

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引用次数: 0

Liquid metal alchemy: Unlocking self-healing gallium-based materials for next-generation electronics 液态金属炼金术：解锁用于下一代电子产品的自我修复镓基材料

IF 31.6 1区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Materials Science and Engineering: R: Reports

Pub Date : 2025-07-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.mser.2025.101073

Minghan Yu , Changming Cao , Zicheng Sa , Chen Zhang , Jiayun Feng , Qing Sun , Xinyang Ma , Jianchao Liang , Yuxin Sun , Rui Yin , Youyou Chen , Yaming Liu , Kaizheng Gao , Chao Yang , Xiaoqin Zeng , Paul K. Chu , Yanhong Tian

Liquid metals, a novel functional material, show significant potential for diverse self-healing applications due to their remarkable physical and chemical properties. Their low melting points enable rapid flow in low-temperature environments, greatly enhancing material responsiveness during damage repair. The high electrical conductivity provides distinct advantages for restoring broken circuits or conductive pathways, while their fluidity offers a reliable foundation for filling cracks and reconstructing both mechanical structures and electrical functions. These unique characteristics allow liquid metals to demonstrate excellent stability and reliability in various complex environments, satisfying demands for high-performance materials under challenging conditions. Critically, these properties enable applications spanning stretchable electronics, biomedical devices, and energy systems. In the specific context of self-healing batteries, the high chemical reactivity of liquid metals facilitates alloying and de-alloying reactions, significantly improving cycle efficiency and lifespan. This paper provides a systematic review of the fundamental properties, application forms, and self-healing mechanisms of liquid metals. The healing process of electrical properties in the field of flexible materials and the key characteristics of mechanically reversible repair in a damaged environment are discussed. Meanwhile, the mechanism of liquid metals in the self-healing batteries is analyzed, including the effect of alloying and de-alloying on the optimization of battery performance. Finally, the challenges associated with liquid metals and self-healing materials are thoroughly examined, and potential solutions are proposed to address these issues, offering valuable theoretical and practical insights for future research and applications of liquid metal-based materials.

液态金属作为一种新型的功能材料，由于其卓越的物理和化学性质，在多种自修复领域显示出巨大的应用潜力。它们的低熔点能够在低温环境中快速流动，大大提高了材料在损伤修复过程中的响应性。高导电性为修复断裂电路或导电路径提供了明显的优势，而它们的流动性为填充裂缝和重建机械结构和电气功能提供了可靠的基础。这些独特的特性使液态金属在各种复杂环境中表现出优异的稳定性和可靠性，满足了在具有挑战性的条件下对高性能材料的需求。至关重要的是，这些特性使应用跨越可拉伸电子，生物医学设备和能源系统。在自愈电池的具体背景下，液态金属的高化学反应性有利于合金化和去合金化反应，显著提高循环效率和寿命。本文系统地综述了液态金属的基本性质、应用形式和自愈机制。讨论了柔性材料电性能的修复过程和损伤环境中机械可逆修复的关键特征。同时，分析了液态金属在自愈电池中的作用机理，包括合金化和去合金化对电池性能优化的影响。最后，对液态金属和自修复材料相关的挑战进行了深入的研究，并提出了解决这些问题的潜在解决方案，为未来液态金属基材料的研究和应用提供了有价值的理论和实践见解。

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引用次数: 0

High-selectivity electromagnetic absorption with milli-wavelength-thick flexible metagraphene 毫波厚柔性石墨烯的高选择性电磁吸收

IF 31.6 1区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Materials Science and Engineering: R: Reports

Pub Date : 2025-07-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.mser.2025.101067

Qihao Lv , Ruopeng Cui , Peihang Li , Xuefei Zhang , Yongjian Zhang , Chunlei Wan , Renchao Che , Yue Li

Pursuing extremely-thin, high-selectivity, and flexible absorbers is strongly required for mitigating the electromagnetic pollution in various miniaturized and space-limited scenarios, such as flexible electronic devices, cloaking systems, and anechoic chambers. Traditional synthetic methods, focusing on enhancing the real part of the absorbing materials’ permittivity through compositional and microstructural modifications, are however confronted with many limitations and have only reached centi-wavelength thick or even larger, impeding their integration into compact and flexible devices. Herein, we propose an interdisciplinary flexible metagraphene architecture, in which electromagnetic waves are selectively induced by the upper anomalous resonant-antiresonant metasurface into the lower ultrahigh-loss nitrogen-doped wavy graphene-based material for flexible, extremely-thin, and high-selectivity absorption. By overcoming the inherent physical contradiction of high loss and extremely-thin absorption, metagraphene achieves a perfect absorption with a top-class selectivity of 357.1 at a record-breaking thickness down to 0.001λ₀ (λ₀ represents the wavelength with the minimum reflection), surpassing state-of-the-art absorbers by 1–2 orders of magnitude. Furthermore, metagraphene offers further thinning potential, large-scale manufacturability, angular stability, and frequency universality, thus promising diversified applications in extremely-miniaturized electronic devices and space-constrained equipment.

在各种小型化和空间有限的情况下，如柔性电子设备、隐身系统和消声室，迫切需要追求极薄、高选择性和柔性吸收器来减轻电磁污染。传统的合成方法侧重于通过成分和微观结构的改变来提高吸收材料的实部介电常数，但面临许多限制，只能达到厘米波长甚至更大的厚度，阻碍了它们集成到紧凑和灵活的器件中。在此，我们提出了一种跨学科的柔性石墨烯结构，其中电磁波被上部异常共振-反共振超表面选择性地诱导到下部超高损耗氮掺杂的波纹石墨烯基材料中，以实现柔性，极薄和高选择性吸收。通过克服高损耗和极薄吸收的固有物理矛盾，石墨烯实现了完美的吸收，在破纪录的厚度低至0.001λ0 （λ0表示反射最小的波长）的情况下，具有357.1的顶级选择性，超过了目前最先进的吸收剂1-2个数量级。此外，石墨烯具有进一步减薄的潜力、可大规模制造性、角稳定性和频率通用性，因此在极小型化电子设备和空间受限设备中有广泛的应用前景。

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引用次数: 0

Review of progress in 4D printing of piezoelectric energy harvesters 压电能量采集器4D打印研究进展综述

IF 31.6 1区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Materials Science and Engineering: R: Reports

Pub Date : 2025-07-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.mser.2025.101072

Amal Megdich, Mohamed Habibi, Luc Laperrière

The fabrication of piezoelectric energy harvesters (PEHs) has evolved significantly over the past three decades, transitioning from mechanization to automation and computerization. Additive manufacturing (AM), a forefront technology in advanced manufacturing, has been extensively used to design and produce complex components from piezoelectric materials. By integrating the fourth dimension, we can improve the fabrication of PEHs, allowing them to alter their shape while converting mechanical stress into electrical energy, thus adding dynamic functionality and broadening their application spectrum. Despite the extensive literature on 3D printing of piezoelectric materials and 4D printing technology, a notable research gap exists in merging these two fields. This review aims to bridge this gap by providing a comparative analysis of 3D-printed piezoelectric materials and shape memory materials, discussing the relevant AM technologies, stimuli, and smart materials, and highlighting innovative integration methods. Furthermore, we explore a novel approach termed '4D printing of piezoelectric energy harvesters.' This innovative method merges the principles of 4D printing with the advanced capabilities of 3D printing of piezoelectric materials, resulting in multifunctional devices that can adapt and respond to external stimuli over time. The article also addresses the challenges and opportunities in optimizing AM processes to enhance the performance and functionality of these advanced materials and devices.

压电能量收集器（PEHs）的制造在过去三十年中发生了重大变化，从机械化过渡到自动化和计算机化。增材制造（AM）是先进制造领域的前沿技术，已广泛应用于压电材料复杂部件的设计和生产。通过整合第四个维度，我们可以改进PEHs的制造，允许它们在将机械应力转换为电能的同时改变其形状，从而增加动态功能并扩大其应用范围。尽管关于压电材料3D打印和4D打印技术的文献很多，但在将两者融合的过程中存在明显的研究空白。本文旨在通过对3d打印压电材料和形状记忆材料的比较分析，讨论相关的AM技术，刺激和智能材料，并强调创新的集成方法，来弥合这一差距。此外，我们还探索了一种名为“压电能量收集器的4D打印”的新方法。这种创新的方法将4D打印的原理与压电材料3D打印的先进功能结合在一起，产生了多功能设备，可以随着时间的推移适应和响应外部刺激。本文还讨论了优化增材制造工艺以提高这些先进材料和设备的性能和功能的挑战和机遇。

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引用次数: 0

3D/4D printing of stimuli-responsive polymers in biomedical engineering: Materials, stimulations, and applications 生物医学工程中刺激响应聚合物的3D/4D打印：材料，刺激和应用

IF 31.6 1区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Materials Science and Engineering: R: Reports

Pub Date : 2025-07-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.mser.2025.101071

Wenzheng Wu , Jiaqing Wang , Guiwei Li

Four-dimensional (4D) printing integrates smart materials with three-dimensional (3D) printing to create structures that undergo programmable shape or property changes. These transformations are triggered by external stimuli including humidity, light, heat, electric fields, or magnetic fields. Leveraging adaptability, self-regulation, and self-deformation capabilities, this technology shows transformative potential in biomedical engineering applications such as tissue engineering, implantable devices, drug delivery systems, and precision medical instruments. This review systematically examines 4D printing's role in biomedical innovation, focusing on material selection, stimulus-response mechanisms, and emerging applications. Following an overview of 4D printing's foundational concepts and principles, the analysis delves into stimulus-responsive polymers in biomedical contexts. The transformative potential of shape-morphing polymers is explored across smart implants, adaptive medical devices, controlled drug release platforms, biofabricated organs, and minimally invasive surgical solutions. Current trends and future trajectories in biomedical 3D/4D printing are critically evaluated, highlighting technical challenges, material innovation opportunities, and translational pathways for clinical implementation in this dynamic interdisciplinary field.

四维（4D）打印将智能材料与三维（3D）打印相结合，以创建可编程形状或属性变化的结构。这些转变是由外部刺激触发的，包括湿度、光、热、电场或磁场。利用适应性、自我调节和自我变形能力，这项技术在生物医学工程应用中显示出革命性的潜力，如组织工程、植入式设备、药物输送系统和精密医疗仪器。本文系统地探讨了4D打印在生物医学创新中的作用，重点是材料选择，刺激-反应机制和新兴应用。以下4D打印的基本概念和原理的概述，分析深入到生物医学环境中的刺激反应聚合物。在智能植入物、自适应医疗设备、受控药物释放平台、生物制造器官和微创手术解决方案中，探索了形状变形聚合物的变革潜力。对生物医学3D/4D打印的当前趋势和未来轨迹进行了批判性评估，突出了技术挑战、材料创新机会以及在这个充满活力的跨学科领域中临床实施的转化途径。

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引用次数: 0

Microwave-assisted graphite as a catalysts free cathode for highly efficient aluminum-based electrochemical energy systems 微波辅助石墨作为高效铝基电化学能量系统的无催化剂阴极

IF 31.6 1区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Materials Science and Engineering: R: Reports

Pub Date : 2025-07-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.mser.2025.101070

Muthukumar Perumalsamy , Vijayakumar Elumalai , Arunprasath Sathyaseelan , Agilan Perumal , Deepan Kumar Madhu , Sang-Jae Kim

Aluminum-air batteries (AABs) hold promises for scalable energy storage, but developing cost-effective, high-performance cathodes remains challenging. We present an innovative microwave-assisted (MW) fabrication method to create a high disordered graphite as a catalyst-free cathode for enhancing the performance of an aluminum electrochemical energy system (Al-EES). Using MW-treated graphite with a catholyte ie., sodium persulfate (Na₂S₂O₈) eliminates the need for traditional oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) cathodes, raising the device voltage from 1.46 V to 2.02 V and achieving an energy density of 2314 Wh/kg_Al. As a result, the MW process enriches charge transfer pathways, increases active sites, and boosts the electrocatalytic performance of the Na₂S₂O₈. Advanced characterization techniques, including Raman mapping, scanning electrochemical microscopy (SECM), and density functional theory (DFT) calculations, confirm enhanced graphitization and functionalization, leading to improved efficiency. This innovation streamlines the electrode design by replacing complex, high-cost cathodes (catalysts, air-breathing layer, binder, etc.). It allows the modified graphite to serve as both cathode and bipolar plate, reducing system costs by 90 % compared to conventional Al-air batteries. The advancements result in a peak power density of 161 mW cm⁻², 2.5 times higher than Al-air systems, and exceptional discharge performance, setting a new standard for cost-effective, high-performance Al-based energy conversion devices. Our results demonstrate a scalable, economically viable, and environmentally sustainable pathway for next-generation energy storage systems.

铝-空气电池（AABs）有望实现可扩展的能量存储，但开发具有成本效益的高性能阴极仍然具有挑战性。我们提出了一种创新的微波辅助（MW）制造方法来制造高无序石墨作为无催化剂阴极，以提高铝电化学能量系统（Al-EES）的性能。使用mw处理的石墨和阴极电解质。利用过硫酸钠（Na2S2O8）消除了传统氧还原反应（ORR）阴极的需求，将器件电压从1.46 V提高到2.02 V，实现了2314 Wh/kgAl的能量密度。结果表明，MW工艺丰富了Na2S2O8的电荷转移途径，增加了活性位点，提高了Na2S2O8的电催化性能。先进的表征技术，包括拉曼映射、扫描电化学显微镜（SECM）和密度泛函理论（DFT）计算，证实了石墨化和功能化的增强，从而提高了效率。这项创新通过取代复杂、高成本的阴极（催化剂、空气呼吸层、粘合剂等），简化了电极设计。它允许改性石墨作为阴极和双极板，与传统的铝空气电池相比，降低了90% %的系统成本。这一进步使其峰值功率密度达到161 mW cm−2，是Al-air系统的2.5倍，并且具有出色的放电性能，为经济高效的高性能al基能量转换设备树立了新标准。我们的研究结果为下一代储能系统展示了一种可扩展的、经济上可行的、环境上可持续的途径。

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引用次数: 0

High-performance indoor organic photovoltaics based on vertical acenaphthylene derivatives with halogen substitution: Suppressing energetic disorder and optimizing charge dynamics 基于卤素取代的垂直苊衍生物的高性能室内有机光伏：抑制能量紊乱和优化电荷动力学

IF 31.6 1区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Materials Science and Engineering: R: Reports

Pub Date : 2025-07-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.mser.2025.101066

Shuai Xu , Hao Wang , Ruijie Ma , Jiaming Huang , Yang Xu , Pai Peng , Tengying Ma , Nan Ye , Baicheng Wang , Ninggui Ma , Youdi Zhang , Wei Gao , Xiaotian Hu , Gang Li , Yiwang Chen

Organic solar cells (OSCs) have shown great potential for indoor photovoltaic technology, owing to their advantages of strong light absorption characteristics, versatile color options and adjustable bandgap. However, substantial energetic disorder in active layer materials severely limits device performance under low-light conditions, presenting a major challenge for indoor photovoltaic applications. In this study, we have designed and synthesized four novel non-fullerene acceptors (NFAs) incorporating vertical acenaphthylene derivatives via halogen substitution strategies, namely GWQ20, Z3, Z4, and Z5, tailored specifically for indoor optoelectronic applications. Z3, Z4, and Z5 show much suppressed non-radiative energy loss and reduced energetic disorder but poor charge generation and recombination than GWQ20. Subsequently, for further device performance enhancement under indoor condition, it’s necessary to combine their distinct advantages via ternary strategy. As a result, target ternary devices based on Z4/Z5 both perform much better performance: 25.8 %/25.6 % vs 20.8 % under 1000 lux LED, and 30.1 %/30.2 % vs 26.8 % under 2000 lux LED, attributed to simultaneously minimized energy loss and protected charge behavior. These results are appealing the cutting-edge level of the field. Beyond efficiency, we herewith demonstrate that reducing energetic disorder is a key factor to improve the free carrier generation for indoor performance improvement, which could be instructive for future development of material design and device optimization on this type of OPVs.

有机太阳能电池（OSCs）由于具有强的光吸收特性、多种颜色选择和可调的带隙等优点，在室内光伏技术中显示出巨大的潜力。然而，有源层材料中大量的能量紊乱严重限制了器件在低光条件下的性能，这对室内光伏应用提出了重大挑战。在这项研究中，我们设计并合成了四种新型的非富勒烯受体（nfa），通过卤素取代策略，包含垂直苊衍生物，即GWQ20， Z3， Z4和Z5，专门用于室内光电应用。与GWQ20相比，Z3、Z4和Z5的非辐射能量损失和能量无序程度明显降低，但电荷生成和复合能力较差。因此，为了进一步提高设备在室内条件下的性能，需要通过三元策略将它们各自的优势结合起来。结果，基于Z4/Z5的目标三元器件都表现出更好的性能：在1000勒克斯LED下，25.8 %/25.6 % vs 20.8 %，在2000勒克斯LED下，30.1 %/30.2 % vs 26.8 %，这归功于同时最小化的能量损失和保护电荷行为。这些结果吸引了该领域的尖端水平。除了效率之外，我们还证明了减少能量紊乱是改善室内性能的自由载流子产生的关键因素，这对未来该类型opv的材料设计和器件优化具有指导意义。

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引用次数: 0