Materials Science and Engineering: R: Reports最新文献_第9页

High-performance indoor organic photovoltaics based on vertical acenaphthylene derivatives with halogen substitution: Suppressing energetic disorder and optimizing charge dynamics 基于卤素取代的垂直苊衍生物的高性能室内有机光伏：抑制能量紊乱和优化电荷动力学

IF 31.6 1区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Materials Science and Engineering: R: Reports

Pub Date : 2025-07-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.mser.2025.101066

Shuai Xu , Hao Wang , Ruijie Ma , Jiaming Huang , Yang Xu , Pai Peng , Tengying Ma , Nan Ye , Baicheng Wang , Ninggui Ma , Youdi Zhang , Wei Gao , Xiaotian Hu , Gang Li , Yiwang Chen

Organic solar cells (OSCs) have shown great potential for indoor photovoltaic technology, owing to their advantages of strong light absorption characteristics, versatile color options and adjustable bandgap. However, substantial energetic disorder in active layer materials severely limits device performance under low-light conditions, presenting a major challenge for indoor photovoltaic applications. In this study, we have designed and synthesized four novel non-fullerene acceptors (NFAs) incorporating vertical acenaphthylene derivatives via halogen substitution strategies, namely GWQ20, Z3, Z4, and Z5, tailored specifically for indoor optoelectronic applications. Z3, Z4, and Z5 show much suppressed non-radiative energy loss and reduced energetic disorder but poor charge generation and recombination than GWQ20. Subsequently, for further device performance enhancement under indoor condition, it’s necessary to combine their distinct advantages via ternary strategy. As a result, target ternary devices based on Z4/Z5 both perform much better performance: 25.8 %/25.6 % vs 20.8 % under 1000 lux LED, and 30.1 %/30.2 % vs 26.8 % under 2000 lux LED, attributed to simultaneously minimized energy loss and protected charge behavior. These results are appealing the cutting-edge level of the field. Beyond efficiency, we herewith demonstrate that reducing energetic disorder is a key factor to improve the free carrier generation for indoor performance improvement, which could be instructive for future development of material design and device optimization on this type of OPVs.

有机太阳能电池（OSCs）由于具有强的光吸收特性、多种颜色选择和可调的带隙等优点，在室内光伏技术中显示出巨大的潜力。然而，有源层材料中大量的能量紊乱严重限制了器件在低光条件下的性能，这对室内光伏应用提出了重大挑战。在这项研究中，我们设计并合成了四种新型的非富勒烯受体（nfa），通过卤素取代策略，包含垂直苊衍生物，即GWQ20， Z3， Z4和Z5，专门用于室内光电应用。与GWQ20相比，Z3、Z4和Z5的非辐射能量损失和能量无序程度明显降低，但电荷生成和复合能力较差。因此，为了进一步提高设备在室内条件下的性能，需要通过三元策略将它们各自的优势结合起来。结果，基于Z4/Z5的目标三元器件都表现出更好的性能：在1000勒克斯LED下，25.8 %/25.6 % vs 20.8 %，在2000勒克斯LED下，30.1 %/30.2 % vs 26.8 %，这归功于同时最小化的能量损失和保护电荷行为。这些结果吸引了该领域的尖端水平。除了效率之外，我们还证明了减少能量紊乱是改善室内性能的自由载流子产生的关键因素，这对未来该类型opv的材料设计和器件优化具有指导意义。

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引用次数: 0

In-situ stress-induced modulation of Moiré pattern configuration and electromechanical response in twisted 2D heterostructure 扭曲二维异质结构中莫尔条纹形态和机电响应的地应力诱导调制

IF 31.6 1区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Materials Science and Engineering: R: Reports

Pub Date : 2025-07-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.mser.2025.101065

Er Pan , Fan Yang , Qing Liu , Ruixue Wang , Xiao Luo , Biao Dong , Zefen Li , Lei Liang , Jiangang Chen , Fucai Liu

Moiré patterns, with the unique stacking configurations and complex electromechanical coupling behaviors, have emerged as a promising platform for exploring novel physical phenomena. However, research on polarization in Moiré patterns remains in its early stages, and the origin and distribution of spontaneous polarization remain unknown. In this work, the out-of-plane polarization distribution of Moiré superlattices in twisted h-BN (t-BN) with a small twist angle is meticulously delineated using piezoelectric force microscopy (PFM) with quadrature phase differential interferometry (QPDI) analyzer. The polarization of AB/BA stacking domains and saddle points regions has been detected, where opposite polarization regions exhibit a 180 degrees phase difference. The strain within the Moiré pattern significantly alters the polarization distribution at saddle points regions, leading to pronounced differences in the electromechanical behaviors between the inner Moiré domain and domain wall regions. Moreover, in-situ stress can modify the saddle points regions, leading to an expansion of these regions and a larger electromechanical response with increasing stress. This work not only deepens the comprehension of the electromechanical performance of Moiré materials, but also lays a solid groundwork for the designing new ferroelectric materials and manipulating their electromechanical response.

波纹图具有独特的叠加结构和复杂的机电耦合行为，是探索新型物理现象的一个有前途的平台。然而，对莫尔条纹偏振的研究还处于初级阶段，自发偏振的起源和分布仍然不清楚。本文利用压电力显微镜（PFM）和正交相位差干涉（QPDI）分析仪，详细描述了具有小扭转角的扭曲h-BN （t-BN）中moir超晶格的面外偏振分布。检测到AB/BA叠加域和鞍点区域的极化，其中相反极化区呈现180度的相位差。莫尔条纹内的应变显著改变了鞍点区域的极化分布，导致莫尔条纹内区和畴壁区机电行为的显著差异。此外，地应力可以改变鞍点区域，导致这些区域的扩展，并随着应力的增加而产生更大的机电响应。这项工作不仅加深了对铁电材料机电性能的理解，而且为设计新型铁电材料和控制其机电响应奠定了坚实的基础。

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引用次数: 0

Recent progress on biopolymer-based food packaging films/edible coatings functionalized with catechol derivatives based on mussel biomimetics 基于贻贝仿生的儿茶酚衍生物功能化生物聚合物食品包装膜/食用涂料的研究进展

IF 31.6 1区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Materials Science and Engineering: R: Reports

Pub Date : 2025-07-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.mser.2025.101068

Wanli Zhang , Jun Yang , Mehran Ghasemlou , Zohreh Riahi , Ajahar Khan , Gulden Goksen , Yiqin Zhang , Jong-Whan Rhim

In recent years, due to the environmental issues caused by non-biodegradability and the food safety hazards posed by microplastics, a great deal of research has been conducted to develop sustainable alternatives to synthetic plastic packaging. Biodegradable or edible packaging films based on biopolymers have attracted considerable attention due to their sustainability. However, the comprehensive properties of current biopolymer films, such as mechanical strength and barrier performance, are still inferior to those of petroleum-based plastic films. Therefore, efforts have been devoted to improving the performance of biopolymer films. Nature-inspired bionics, especially mussel-inspired bionics, has become increasingly important in materials science and has been widely applied in biomedicine and environmental engineering. Recently, functionalization using mussel-inspired catechol derivatives like dopamine and tannic acid (TA) has emerged to improve mechanical, barrier, and functional properties of biopolymer packaging films and edible coatings. This study overviews biopolymer packaging development, focusing on mussel biomimicry mechanisms. Notable applications of dopamine, TA, and other catechol derivatives in creating innovative biopolymer packaging materials are described to advance research in this field. The key finding of this work is that mussel-inspired catechol derivatives can be integrated into packaging films through a variety of methods, leveraging their ability to participate in multiple physical and chemical interactions. The resulting composite films exhibit various functionalities, including strong interfacial adhesion, photothermal effects, UV absorption, and free radical scavenging. These properties enable them to serve multiple roles in packaging matrices. Edible coatings based on mussel-inspired strategies enhance adhesion and improve interfacial interactions between the coating solution and the food surface, thereby improving the preservation effect of edible coatings. Therefore, mussel-inspired functionalization of catechol derivatives is an effective strategy to enhance the performance of food packaging films and coatings.

近年来，由于微塑料的不可生物降解性和食品安全危害所带来的环境问题，人们进行了大量的研究，以开发可持续替代合成塑料包装。基于生物聚合物的可生物降解或可食用包装薄膜由于其可持续性而引起了人们的广泛关注。然而，目前生物聚合物薄膜的机械强度、阻隔性能等综合性能与石油基塑料薄膜相比仍有一定差距。因此，人们一直致力于提高生物聚合物薄膜的性能。自然仿生，尤其是贻贝仿生，在材料科学中占有越来越重要的地位，并在生物医学和环境工程中得到了广泛的应用。最近，利用贻贝启发的儿茶酚衍生物如多巴胺和单宁酸（TA）的功能化已经出现，以改善生物聚合物包装薄膜和可食用涂层的机械，屏障和功能特性。本研究综述了生物聚合物包装的发展，重点是贻贝仿生学机制。介绍了多巴胺、TA和其他儿茶酚衍生物在创新生物聚合物包装材料中的显著应用，以推进该领域的研究。这项工作的关键发现是，贻贝启发的儿茶酚衍生物可以通过各种方法集成到包装薄膜中，利用它们参与多种物理和化学相互作用的能力。所得到的复合膜具有多种功能，包括强界面附着力、光热效应、紫外线吸收和自由基清除。这些属性使它们能够在包装矩阵中扮演多种角色。基于贻贝启发策略的可食用涂层增强了涂层溶液与食物表面的附着力，改善了界面相互作用，从而提高了可食用涂层的保存效果。因此，以贻贝为灵感的儿茶酚衍生物功能化是提高食品包装薄膜和涂料性能的有效策略。

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引用次数: 0

Advances in gas diffusion electrode technology for electrochemical CO2 reduction: Innovations, challenges, and future directions 电化学CO2还原气体扩散电极技术的进展：创新、挑战和未来方向

IF 31.6 1区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Materials Science and Engineering: R: Reports

Pub Date : 2025-07-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.mser.2025.101064

Vishal V. Burungale , Mayur A. Gaikwad , Hyojung Bae , Pratik Mane , Jiwon Heo , Chaewon Seong , Jin Hyeok Kim , Jihun Oh , Jun-Seok Ha

In response to the growing challenges of global warming and the necessity to reduce carbon dioxide (CO₂) emissions, in recent times, CO₂ reduction technology has gained significant attention. Following early H-cell breakthroughs, the integration of Gas Diffusion Electrodes (GDEs) has accelerated the progress of industrially viable CO₂ reduction. However, despite several recent breakthroughs in GDE-based CO₂ reduction, there is a considerable lack of focused reviews on this topic. Addressing this gap, the present review systematically discusses recent progress in GDEs over the past six years within the specific context of electrochemical CO₂ reduction. Focused specifically on GDEs, the review explores different designs and materials used for the fabrication of GDEs, along with a discussion on their pros and cons. It covers the fundamentals of CO₂ reduction, GDE structures, and electrolytic cell designs. Further, the review addresses the challenges and breakthroughs in GDE technology by extending the discussion on self-supported GDEs, innovative approaches, fundamental studies, and some advanced CO₂ reduction technologies such as GDE-based Bioelectrodes and on-site CO₂ capture and conversion. Finally, the findings of the literature have been summarized in the section of a summary and future perspectives, offering valuable insights to accelerate the development of industrially viable CO₂ reduction.

为了应对日益严峻的全球变暖挑战和减少二氧化碳（CO2）排放的必要性，近年来，二氧化碳减排技术受到了极大的关注。随着早期氢电池的突破，气体扩散电极（GDEs）的集成加速了工业上可行的二氧化碳减排的进展。然而，尽管最近在基于gde的二氧化碳减排方面取得了一些突破，但对这一主题的重点审查相当缺乏。为了解决这一差距，本综述系统地讨论了过去六年在电化学二氧化碳还原的具体背景下gde的最新进展。本文主要探讨了GDE的不同设计和制造材料，并讨论了它们的优缺点。它涵盖了二氧化碳减排、GDE结构和电解槽设计的基本原理。此外，本文还对GDE技术面临的挑战和突破进行了探讨，包括自持型GDE、创新方法、基础研究以及一些先进的二氧化碳减排技术，如GDE基生物电极和现场二氧化碳捕获与转化。最后，在总结和未来展望部分总结了文献的发现，为加速工业上可行的二氧化碳减排的发展提供了有价值的见解。

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引用次数: 0

Skin-adhesive stretchable conductors for wireless vital diagnostics 用于无线生命诊断的皮肤粘附可拉伸导体

IF 31.6 1区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Materials Science and Engineering: R: Reports

Pub Date : 2025-07-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.mser.2025.101059

Taeyeon Oh , Minwoo Song , Hyunkeun Lee , Hansu Kim , Hyeongbeom Lee , Yong-Ryun Jo , Tae-Wook Kim , Gui Won Hwang , Jinhyung Kim , Jihun Son , Chanhyeok Park , Hanbit Jin , Chan-Hwa Hong , Inho Lee , Jun-Gyu Choi , Ji Hwan Kim , Alexander Tipan-Quishpe , Myung-Han Yoon , Hye Jin Kim , Changhyun Pang , Sungjun Park

Continuous physiological signal monitoring and diagnosis are crucial for proactive health management and timely interventions. Key challenges include achieving non-toxic adhesion of stretchable conductors to dynamic skin and integration with lightweight, wearable circuits equipped diagnosing algorithms. We propose wireless physiological monitoring with vital diagnosis, featuring octopus-inspired micromembrane structure electrodes that enhance both adhesion and permeability. These stretchable electrodes exhibit a conductivity of over 2700 S/cm and maintain stretchability up to 1000 %, with minimal degradation after 1000 cycles of deformation. Adhesion reaches 12 kPa, ensuring durability for over 1000 attachment-detachment cycles and long-term attachment exceeding 24 h without skin toxicity. The system, connected to a miniaturized wireless circuit (2.8 g), facilitates real-time, accurate collection of electrocardiography (ECG), electromyography (EMG), electrooculography (EOG), and electroencephalography (EEG) signals. As proof of concept, ECG signals from real subjects processed with a transfer-learning algorithm achieved over 93.3 % diagnostic accuracy, paving the way for reliable, personalized health monitoring.

持续的生理信号监测和诊断对于主动健康管理和及时干预至关重要。关键的挑战包括实现可拉伸导体与动态皮肤的无毒粘附，以及与配备诊断算法的轻型可穿戴电路的集成。我们提出了具有重要诊断的无线生理监测，采用章鱼启发的微膜结构电极，增强附着力和渗透性。这些可拉伸电极的导电性超过2700 S/cm，并保持高达1000 %的拉伸性，在1000次变形循环后降解最小。附着力达到12kpa，确保超过1000次附着-脱离循环的耐久性和超过24 h的长期附着而无皮肤毒性。该系统连接到一个微型无线电路（2.8 g），便于实时、准确地收集心电图（ECG）、肌电图（EMG）、眼电图（EOG）和脑电图（EEG）信号。作为概念验证，使用迁移学习算法处理的真实受试者的心电信号的诊断准确率超过93.3 %，为可靠的个性化健康监测铺平了道路。

{"title":"Skin-adhesive stretchable conductors for wireless vital diagnostics","authors":"Taeyeon Oh , Minwoo Song , Hyunkeun Lee , Hansu Kim , Hyeongbeom Lee , Yong-Ryun Jo , Tae-Wook Kim , Gui Won Hwang , Jinhyung Kim , Jihun Son , Chanhyeok Park , Hanbit Jin , Chan-Hwa Hong , Inho Lee , Jun-Gyu Choi , Ji Hwan Kim , Alexander Tipan-Quishpe , Myung-Han Yoon , Hye Jin Kim , Changhyun Pang , Sungjun Park","doi":"10.1016/j.mser.2025.101059","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mser.2025.101059","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Continuous physiological signal monitoring and diagnosis are crucial for proactive health management and timely interventions. Key challenges include achieving non-toxic adhesion of stretchable conductors to dynamic skin and integration with lightweight, wearable circuits equipped diagnosing algorithms. We propose wireless physiological monitoring with vital diagnosis, featuring octopus-inspired micromembrane structure electrodes that enhance both adhesion and permeability. These stretchable electrodes exhibit a conductivity of over 2700 S/cm and maintain stretchability up to 1000 %, with minimal degradation after 1000 cycles of deformation. Adhesion reaches 12 kPa, ensuring durability for over 1000 attachment-detachment cycles and long-term attachment exceeding 24 h without skin toxicity. The system, connected to a miniaturized wireless circuit (2.8 g), facilitates real-time, accurate collection of electrocardiography (ECG), electromyography (EMG), electrooculography (EOG), and electroencephalography (EEG) signals. As proof of concept, ECG signals from real subjects processed with a transfer-learning algorithm achieved over 93.3 % diagnostic accuracy, paving the way for reliable, personalized health monitoring.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":386,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science and Engineering: R: Reports","volume":"166 ","pages":"Article 101059"},"PeriodicalIF":31.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144632143","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

High-rate, long-lifespan, sustainable potassium-ion batteries enabled by non-fluorinated solvents 高倍率，长寿命，可持续钾离子电池由无氟溶剂实现

IF 31.6 1区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Materials Science and Engineering: R: Reports

Pub Date : 2025-07-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.mser.2025.101063

Xurun Guo , Hongliang Xie , Pushpendra Kumar , Honghong Liang , Fei Zhao , Yuqi Wang , Tao Cai , Qian Li , Wandi Wahyudi , Hui Zhu , Jiao Yin , Zheng Ma , Jun Ming

Electrolyte solvation chemistry is a key strategy for enhancing battery performance. Herein, we achieve an ultra-high-rate and long-cycle-life potassium-ion battery (PIB) by introducing a fluorine-free ether, (i.e., cyclopentylmethyl ether (CPME)), into a trimethyl phosphate (TMP)-based electrolyte under non-fluorinated and normal-concentration conditions. We discover that CPME and TMP form intermolecular interactions via electropositive hydrogen (δ⁺H) and electronegative oxygen (δ^–O), which effectively weaken the K⁺-TMP interaction. This modification enables highly reversible K⁺ (de-)intercalation within the graphite electrode, not only overcoming the critical challenges of K⁺-solvent co-intercalation in graphite electrodes but also significantly improving the PIB’s rate capability and cycling stability. The newly designed KC₈||3,4,9,10-perylenetetracarboxylic diimide (PTCDI) full cell has sustainable features that can operate stably at 10 C for over 1000 cycles, retaining 84.4 % of its initial capacity. Even at 15 C, it delivers a remarkable capacity of 65.6 mAh g⁻¹, corresponding to 53.0 % of the capacity at 0.2 C. Furthermore, we propose a molecular interface model to analyze the interfacial behavior of K⁺-solvent-anion complexes and elucidate the relationship between intermolecular interactions and graphite electrode performance at the molecular level. This work highlights the importance of solvation structure regulation via intermolecular interactions in developing high-performance PIBs, offering new insights into functionalized metal-ion battery design.

电解质溶剂化化学是提高电池性能的关键策略。在此，我们通过在无氟和正常浓度条件下将无氟醚（即环戊基甲基醚（CPME））引入磷酸三甲酯（TMP）基电解质中，实现了超高倍率和长循环寿命的钾离子电池（PIB）。我们发现CPME和TMP通过电正氢（δ+H）和电负氧（δ - o）形成分子间相互作用，有效地削弱了K+-TMP相互作用。这种修饰使石墨电极内的K+（脱）嵌入具有高度可逆性，不仅克服了石墨电极中K+-溶剂共嵌入的关键挑战，而且显著提高了PIB的速率能力和循环稳定性。新设计的KC8||3,4,9,10-苝四羧酸二亚胺（PTCDI）全电池具有可持续的特点，可以在10 ℃下稳定运行超过1000次循环，保持其初始容量的84.4 %。即使在15 C时，它也提供了65.6 mAh g−1的显着容量，相当于0.2 C时容量的53.0 %。此外，我们提出了一个分子界面模型来分析K+-溶剂-阴离子配合物的界面行为，并在分子水平上阐明分子间相互作用与石墨电极性能之间的关系。这项工作强调了通过分子间相互作用调节溶剂化结构在开发高性能PIBs中的重要性，为功能化金属离子电池的设计提供了新的见解。

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引用次数: 0

Chlorophylls for dual-function exciton relay and morphology regulation in organic solar cells 有机太阳能电池中双功能激子接力和形态调控的叶绿素

IF 31.6 1区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Materials Science and Engineering: R: Reports

Pub Date : 2025-07-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.mser.2025.101062

Shengnan Duan , Teng Gu , Lei Liu , Shin-ichi Sasaki , Chaisa Uragami , Peihao Huang , Xue Jiang , Yuanqi Zhou , Ziyan Liu , Dingqin Hu , Heng Liu , Xinhui Lu , Hitoshi Tamiaki , Xiao-Feng Wang , Hideki Hashimoto , Zeyun Xiao

Chlorophylls (Chls), the most abundant and cost-effective natural pigments, exhibit outstanding optoelectronic properties and biocompatibility, making them highly attractive for artificial photosynthesis. In this study, we propose high-efficiency, eco-friendly organic solar cells (OSCs) by incorporating semi-synthetic Chl derivatives (Chl-1 and Chl-2) as analogous functions of charge transfer intermediator. These Chl derivatives not only modulate the molecular stacking and crystallinity of the active layer, promoting a favorable face-on molecular orientation and a denser crystalline structure, but also enhance exciton generation and diffusion as they function in nature and facilitate charge transfer between PM6 and BTP-eC9. Consequently, these synergistic effects significantly improve the exciton generation, dissociation, and charge transportation processes for the Chl derivatives-based devices. As a result, devices incorporating Chl-2 achieve an outstanding power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 19.54 %, surpassing Chl-1 (18.86 %) and outperforming the control binary devices (18.05 %). This study presents an innovative strategy to enhance OSC performance by utilizing eco-friendly Chl derivatives, addressing challenges related to low-toxicity sustainability and high efficiency.

叶绿素（Chls）是最丰富、最具成本效益的天然色素，具有出色的光电特性和生物相容性，在人工光合作用中具有很高的吸引力。在本研究中，我们将半合成Chl衍生物（Chl-1和Chl-2）作为电荷转移中间体的类似功能，提出了高效，环保的有机太阳能电池（OSCs）。这些Chl衍生物不仅调节了活性层的分子堆叠和结晶度，促进了有利的面朝分子取向和更致密的晶体结构，而且还促进了激子的产生和扩散，促进了PM6和BTP-eC9之间的电荷转移。因此，这些协同效应显著改善了基于Chl衍生物的器件的激子产生、解离和电荷输运过程。结果，含有Chl-2的器件获得了19.54 %的出色功率转换效率（PCE），超过了Chl-1(18.86 %)，并优于对照二元器件（18.05 %）。本研究提出了一种利用生态友好型Chl衍生物来提高OSC性能的创新策略，解决了与低毒性可持续性和高效率相关的挑战。

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引用次数: 0

In-situ X-ray absorption spectroscopy in hydrogen evolution reaction: Insights and applications 原位x射线吸收光谱在析氢反应：见解和应用

IF 31.6 1区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Materials Science and Engineering: R: Reports

Pub Date : 2025-07-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.mser.2025.101061

Zhenglong Li , Xingyu Ding , Da Liu , Jin Zhou , Yong Gao , Yanxia Liu , Lin Jiang , Renbing Wu , Hongge Pan

Hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) as a footstone of hydrogen economy offers a sustainable approach to achieve energy conversion and storage efficiency from intermittent power like solar and wind. Understanding the genuine active sites and the correlation between dynamic structure and activity in HER electrocatalysts is crucial for their rational design and performance optimization. In-situ X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) has emerged as an effective technique to reveal the behavior of the electrocatalyst in real-time. This review offers an extensive overview of the application of in-situ XAS in studying HER electrocatalysts, highlighting its capacity to investigate the electronic and geometric structures of electrocatalysts during HER operation. It begins with fundamentals of HER mechanism and XAS principles, with an emphasis on the experimental setup of in-situ XAS. Thereafter, identifying active sites and investigating structural dynamics for various electrocatalysts during HER process are emphasized. Finally, this review summarizes the challenges and directions for the advancement of in-situ XAS techniques for HER catalysis.

析氢反应（HER）作为氢经济的基石，为实现太阳能和风能等间歇性能源的能量转换和储存效率提供了一种可持续的方法。了解HER电催化剂的真正活性位点以及动态结构与活性之间的关系对其合理设计和性能优化至关重要。原位x射线吸收光谱（XAS）是一种实时揭示电催化剂行为的有效技术。本文综述了原位XAS在HER电催化剂研究中的应用，重点介绍了原位XAS在HER操作过程中研究电催化剂的电子和几何结构的能力。它从she机制和XAS原理的基本原理开始，重点是原位XAS的实验设置。在此基础上，着重研究了各种电催化剂在HER过程中的活性位点和结构动力学。最后，综述了原位XAS技术在HER催化中的应用面临的挑战和发展方向。

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引用次数: 0

Dynamic valence engineering of CuOx catalysts for selective and stable CO2 electroreduction to ethylene and ethanol 选择性稳定CO2电还原制乙烯和乙醇CuOx催化剂的动态价态工程

IF 31.6 1区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Materials Science and Engineering: R: Reports

Pub Date : 2025-07-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.mser.2025.101060

Huiting Huang, Jia Tian, Mingkun Jiang, Dan Wu

Cu-based oxide (CuO_x) catalysts have emerged as promising candidates for electrochemical CO₂ reduction to C₂ products such as ethylene (C₂H₄) and ethanol (C₂H₅OH). However, the simultaneous realization of high selectivity and long-term stability remains a critical challenge. This review systematically summarizes the fundamental mechanisms governing C–C coupling on CuO_x catalysts, emphasizing the role of dynamic valence states, facet effects, coordination environments and local reaction microenvironments. The divergent formation pathways of C₂H₄ and C₂H₅OH are discussed in detail, focusing on intermediate evolution, competitive adsorption (*CO, *H, *OH) and electronic structure modulation. Key structure-activity relationships are revealed, offering insights into how oxidation state engineering can steer product selectivity. In parallel, degradation pathways such as Cu⁺ reduction, particle aggregation, and morphological collapse are analyzed, and advanced stability-by-design strategies including pulse electrolysis, heterostructure construction, doping, and surface coating are critically reviewed. Looking ahead, operando characterization, valence-interface precision engineering, and scalable catalyst architectures are expected to play critical roles in enabling the industrial implementation of CO₂-to-C₂ conversion. By bridging mechanistic understanding with design strategies, this work provides a comprehensive framework for the rational development of efficient and durable CuO_x catalysts.

cu基氧化物（CuOx）催化剂已成为电化学CO2还原成C2产品（如乙烯（C2H4）和乙醇（C2H5OH））的有希望的候选者。然而，同时实现高选择性和长期稳定性仍然是一个关键的挑战。本文系统总结了CuOx催化剂上碳-碳耦合的基本机理，重点介绍了动态价态、面效应、配位环境和局部反应微环境的作用。详细讨论了C2H4和C2H5OH的不同形成途径，重点讨论了中间演化、竞争吸附（*CO、*H、*OH）和电子结构调制。揭示了关键的结构-活性关系，为氧化态工程如何引导产品选择性提供了见解。同时，还分析了Cu⁺还原、粒子聚集和形态坍塌等降解途径，并对脉冲电解、异质结构构建、掺杂和表面涂层等先进的设计稳定性策略进行了评述。展望未来，operando表征、价界面精密工程和可扩展催化剂架构有望在实现二氧化碳到c2转化的工业实施中发挥关键作用。通过将机理理解与设计策略相结合，这项工作为合理开发高效耐用的CuOx催化剂提供了一个全面的框架。

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引用次数: 0

Single-atom engineered sensors for volatile organic compounds 挥发性有机化合物的单原子工程传感器

IF 31.6 1区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Materials Science and Engineering: R: Reports

Pub Date : 2025-07-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.mser.2025.101057

Sowjanya Vallem , Malayil Gopalan Sibi , K. Keerthi , Anam Giridhar Babu , Vishaka Goyal , EA Lohith , N.V.V. Jyothi , K. Praveena , Kasibhatta Sivakumar , T.G. Satheesh Babu , P.V. Suneesh , Hari Bandi , Daniel-Ioan Stroe , Sada Venkateswarlu , Aristides Bakandritsos , Rajenahally V. Jagadeesh , Radek Zboril

The efficient and precise detection of trace-level volatile organic compounds (VOCs) is critically important for environmental monitoring, industrial safety, and public health. In this context, single-atom (SA) materials have emerged as a new frontier in sensor technology, offering unparalleled atom and energy efficiency, along with maximal exposure to active sites. Compared to conventional nanoparticle and bulk sensors, SA-based platforms exhibit superior sensitivity, selectivity, and tunability. This review presents a comprehensive overview of the advances in single-atom engineering (SAE) for VOC detection. We systematically discuss the design principles, fabrication methods, and sensing mechanisms of various SA-based sensors, including chemiresistive gas sensors (CGS), metal oxide semiconductors (MOS), microelectromechanical systems (MEMS), field effect transistors (FETs), and electrochemical sensors. Special attention is given to the roles of heteroatom doping, vacancy engineering, and support interactions in modulating the sensing performance. This review also highlights how advanced spectroscopic tools provide insight into SA-analyte interactions and how computational approaches, particularly density functional theory (DFT) and emerging machine learning (ML) techniques, aid in the rational design of next-generation sensors. Finally, we outline the current challenges and propose future research directions aimed at achieving scalable synthesis, long-term stability, and real-world deployment of SA-based VOC sensors. This review aims to guide future innovations in SA sensor technologies, setting the stage for transformative advances in VOC detection.

痕量挥发性有机化合物（VOCs）的高效、精确检测对于环境监测、工业安全和公众健康至关重要。在这种情况下，单原子（SA）材料已经成为传感器技术的新前沿，提供无与伦比的原子和能源效率，以及最大限度地暴露于活性位点。与传统的纳米颗粒和体传感器相比，基于sa的平台具有优越的灵敏度、选择性和可调性。本文综述了单原子工程（SAE）在VOC检测方面的研究进展。我们系统地讨论了各种基于sa的传感器的设计原理，制造方法和传感机制，包括化学气体传感器（CGS），金属氧化物半导体（MOS），微机电系统（MEMS），场效应晶体管（fet）和电化学传感器。特别关注杂原子掺杂、空位工程和支持相互作用在调制传感性能中的作用。这篇综述还强调了先进的光谱工具如何深入了解sa -分析物的相互作用，以及计算方法，特别是密度泛函理论（DFT）和新兴的机器学习（ML）技术如何帮助合理设计下一代传感器。最后，我们概述了当前的挑战，并提出了未来的研究方向，旨在实现基于sa的VOC传感器的可扩展合成、长期稳定性和实际部署。本综述旨在指导SA传感器技术的未来创新，为VOC检测的变革性进步奠定基础。

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