Microchemical Journal最新文献_第7页

Unveiling sustainability and practical innovation: QbD-integrated natural eutectic solvent microextraction for high preconcentration factor and green co-analysis of anti-cancer medications in complex matrices 揭示可持续性和实用创新：qbd集成天然共晶溶剂微萃取，用于复杂基质中抗癌药物的高富集因子和绿色协同分析

IF 4.9 2区化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, ANALYTICAL

Microchemical Journal

Pub Date : 2026-01-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2025.116792

Maha Mohammad Abdel-Monem, Manal Eid, Fatma Ahmed Aly, Nora A. Abdallah

Herein, we propose an innovative methodology for concurrent quantification of quercetin (QRN), letrozole (LTZ) and bicalutamide (BTM) anti- breast cancer combination. This study introduces the first DES-based microextraction method for the simultaneous quantification of this anti-cancer drug combination. Prior to HPLC-PDA separation, a hydrophobic natural DES was utilized as an extractant in dispersive liquid- liquid microextraction (DLLM). Furthermore, to ensure robustness and reliability, a quality-by-design (QbD) framework was implemented to systematically optimize the key approach parameters. The optimal parameters for extraction were 100 μL of DES and vortexing for 20 s without any buffer or salt addition. The evolved approach was validated adhering to International Conference on Harmonization (ICH) guidelines, exhibiting a good linear correlation over a concentration range of 0.03–30 μg/mL for QRN and 0.05–30 μg/mL for LTZ and BTM. The established approach was then employed to analyze the target medicines in pharmaceutical preparations, environmental water and human plasma achieving recovery rates exceeding 97 %. Finally, a comprehensive sustainability assessment was conducted using twelve metrics, evaluating factors such as innovation, practicality, environmental friendliness, analytical performance, overall efficiency, whiteness, and solvent sustainability. Pairing QbD and DES-LLME provides significant progress in the analysis of the studied drugs and offers prospective potential in clinical and pharmacological research, improving patient care and therapeutic results.

在此，我们提出了一种同时定量槲皮素（QRN）、来曲唑（LTZ）和比卡鲁胺（BTM）抗乳腺癌联合药物的创新方法。本研究首次引入了基于des的微萃取法同时定量该抗癌药物组合。在HPLC-PDA分离之前，采用疏水性天然DES作为分散液-液微萃取（DLLM）的萃取剂。此外，为了保证鲁棒性和可靠性，实现了基于设计的质量（QbD）框架，对关键方法参数进行系统优化。最佳提取条件为：DES浓度为100 μL，在不添加缓冲液和盐的情况下，旋涡提取20 s。根据国际协调会议（ICH）的指导方针验证了改进的方法，在0.03-30 μg/mL的QRN和0.05-30 μg/mL的LTZ和BTM浓度范围内显示出良好的线性相关性。将建立的方法应用于制剂、环境水和人血浆中目标药物的分析，回收率超过97%。最后，采用创新、实用性、环境友好性、分析绩效、整体效率、白度和溶剂可持续性等12个指标进行综合可持续性评价。QbD与DES-LLME的结合为研究药物的分析提供了重大进展，并为临床和药理学研究提供了前景潜力，改善了患者护理和治疗效果。

{"title":"Unveiling sustainability and practical innovation: QbD-integrated natural eutectic solvent microextraction for high preconcentration factor and green co-analysis of anti-cancer medications in complex matrices","authors":"Maha Mohammad Abdel-Monem, Manal Eid, Fatma Ahmed Aly, Nora A. Abdallah","doi":"10.1016/j.microc.2025.116792","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.microc.2025.116792","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Herein<strong>,</strong> we propose an innovative methodology for concurrent quantification of quercetin (QRN), letrozole (LTZ) and bicalutamide (BTM) anti- breast cancer combination. This study introduces the first DES-based microextraction method for the simultaneous quantification of this anti-cancer drug combination. Prior to HPLC-PDA separation, a hydrophobic natural DES was utilized as an extractant in dispersive liquid- liquid microextraction (DLLM). Furthermore, to ensure robustness and reliability, a quality-by-design (QbD) framework was implemented to systematically optimize the key approach parameters. The optimal parameters for extraction were 100 μL of DES and vortexing for 20 s without any buffer or salt addition. The evolved approach was validated adhering to International Conference on Harmonization (ICH) guidelines, exhibiting a good linear correlation over a concentration range of 0.03–30 μg/mL for QRN and 0.05–30 μg/mL for LTZ and BTM. The established approach was then employed to analyze the target medicines in pharmaceutical preparations, environmental water and human plasma achieving recovery rates exceeding 97 %. Finally, a comprehensive sustainability assessment was conducted using twelve metrics, evaluating factors such as innovation, practicality, environmental friendliness, analytical performance, overall efficiency, whiteness, and solvent sustainability. Pairing QbD and DES-LLME provides significant progress in the analysis of the studied drugs and offers prospective potential in clinical and pharmacological research, improving patient care and therapeutic results.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":391,"journal":{"name":"Microchemical Journal","volume":"221 ","pages":"Article 116792"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145940861","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Smart carbon nanomaterial-based electrochemical sensor network with edge computing for real-time water quality monitoring 基于边缘计算的智能碳纳米材料电化学传感器网络用于实时水质监测

IF 4.9 2区化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, ANALYTICAL

Microchemical Journal

Pub Date : 2026-01-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2025.116795

Runfeng Tian , Zhenshuo Wang , Pengcheng Zhao

Public and environmental health depend on real-time water quality monitoring. Smart carbon nanomaterials and electrochemical sensors detect contaminants with high sensitivity, while edge computing processes and analyzes data in real time. Periodic sampling and centralized laboratory analysis of water lack regional coverage, take time, and cannot detect sudden pollution events. These constraints are overcome via Edge-Integrated Carbon Nanomaterial Electrochemical Sensing (E-CNES). We use edge computing-enabled IoT networks and carbon nanomaterial-based electrochemical sensors to monitor numerous water quality indicators at high resolution. Integrated edge devices analyze data locally, identify anomalies, and provide data to central management systems, while sensor nodes detect heavy metals, nitrates, and microbiological infections. For real-time urban water quality management, the suggested gadget detects pollution events and intervenes in municipal water systems and reservoirs. Experimental results imply E-CNES design enhances detection sensitivity, data processing delay, and continuous monitoring. Smart sensing and edge intelligence may make water quality monitoring proactive and responsive. From day one, the proposed technique achieves 90 % detection sensitivity, 50–100 ms reaction time, 90 % water quality accuracy, 76 % power efficiency, and 67–85 % network performance.

公众和环境健康依赖于实时水质监测。智能碳纳米材料和电化学传感器以高灵敏度检测污染物，同时边缘计算实时处理和分析数据。定期采样和集中实验室分析水缺乏区域覆盖，需要时间，不能发现突发污染事件。这些限制可以通过边缘集成碳纳米材料电化学传感（E-CNES）来克服。我们使用支持边缘计算的物联网网络和基于碳纳米材料的电化学传感器，以高分辨率监测众多水质指标。集成的边缘设备在本地分析数据，识别异常，并向中央管理系统提供数据，而传感器节点检测重金属，硝酸盐和微生物感染。对于实时城市水质管理，建议的小工具检测污染事件并干预市政供水系统和水库。实验结果表明，E-CNES设计提高了检测灵敏度、数据处理延迟和连续监测能力。智能传感和边缘智能可以使水质监测具有前瞻性和响应性。从第一天开始，该技术实现了90%的检测灵敏度，50-100毫秒的反应时间，90%的水质精度，76%的功率效率和67 - 85%的网络性能。

{"title":"Smart carbon nanomaterial-based electrochemical sensor network with edge computing for real-time water quality monitoring","authors":"Runfeng Tian , Zhenshuo Wang , Pengcheng Zhao","doi":"10.1016/j.microc.2025.116795","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.microc.2025.116795","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Public and environmental health depend on real-time water quality monitoring. Smart carbon nanomaterials and electrochemical sensors detect contaminants with high sensitivity, while edge computing processes and analyzes data in real time. Periodic sampling and centralized laboratory analysis of water lack regional coverage, take time, and cannot detect sudden pollution events. These constraints are overcome via Edge-Integrated Carbon Nanomaterial Electrochemical Sensing (E-CNES). We use edge computing-enabled IoT networks and carbon nanomaterial-based electrochemical sensors to monitor numerous water quality indicators at high resolution. Integrated edge devices analyze data locally, identify anomalies, and provide data to central management systems, while sensor nodes detect heavy metals, nitrates, and microbiological infections. For real-time urban water quality management, the suggested gadget detects pollution events and intervenes in municipal water systems and reservoirs. Experimental results imply E-CNES design enhances detection sensitivity, data processing delay, and continuous monitoring. Smart sensing and edge intelligence may make water quality monitoring proactive and responsive. From day one, the proposed technique achieves 90 % detection sensitivity, 50–100 ms reaction time, 90 % water quality accuracy, 76 % power efficiency, and 67–85 % network performance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":391,"journal":{"name":"Microchemical Journal","volume":"221 ","pages":"Article 116795"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145940867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Developing nickel-loaded Bi2O3 nanosheet sensors for ammonia detection at room temperature in agricultural environments: experimental and mechanistic studies 用于农业环境中室温氨检测的负载镍Bi2O3纳米片传感器的开发：实验和机理研究

IF 4.9 2区化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, ANALYTICAL

Microchemical Journal

Pub Date : 2026-01-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2026.116803

Hongyu Xu , Qinghua Jin , Zhiyang Liu , Boyu Zheng , Wen Zeng , Qu Zhou

As crop cultivation facilities with controllable environments, agricultural greenhouses have ammonia generated from fertilization and other processes inside, which can damage crops, affect their growth, and even cause their death. Ni-modified Bi₂O₃ nanosheet were successfully synthesized via the coprecipitation method. In the study, different methods were utilized to characterize the morphology and structure of Ni/Bi₂O₃ composite. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis manifested Ni doping increased concentrations of adsorbed oxygen and oxygen vacancies on the surface of Bi₂O₃. The Ni/Bi₂O₃ sensor exhibited markedly elevated gas-sensing properties towards ammonia at room temperature; at an ammonia concentration of 100 ppm, its response value reached 91.54 %. Compared to pure Bi₂O₃, the resistance of Ni-doped Bi₂O₃ decreases by approximately 300 times, significantly reducing resistance and benefiting gas sensing performance. The study further used density functional theory (DFT) to calculate the adsorption energy and density of states of samples, and analyzed and discussed the gas-sensing mechanism. The outcomes indicated Ni/Bi₂O₃ nanosheet can elevate adsorption energy of ammonia molecules and promote electron transfer, improving the gas-sensing performance accordingly. This paper aims to provide an experimental basis for environmental monitoring in agricultural greenhouses.

农业大棚作为环境可控的作物栽培设施，其内部有施肥等过程产生的氨，会对作物造成损害，影响作物生长，甚至导致作物死亡。采用共沉淀法成功合成了ni修饰的Bi2O3纳米片。在研究中，采用了不同的方法来表征Ni/Bi2O3复合材料的形貌和结构。x射线光电子能谱分析表明，Ni掺杂增加了Bi2O3表面吸附氧的浓度和氧空位。室温下，Ni/Bi2O3传感器对氨的气敏性能显著提高；当氨浓度为100 ppm时，其响应值达到91.54%。与纯Bi2O3相比，掺镍Bi2O3的电阻降低了约300倍，显著降低了电阻，有利于气敏性能。进一步利用密度泛函理论（DFT）计算了样品的吸附能和态密度，并对气敏机理进行了分析和讨论。结果表明，Ni/Bi2O3纳米片可以提高氨分子的吸附能，促进电子转移，从而提高气敏性能。本文旨在为农业大棚环境监测提供实验依据。

{"title":"Developing nickel-loaded Bi2O3 nanosheet sensors for ammonia detection at room temperature in agricultural environments: experimental and mechanistic studies","authors":"Hongyu Xu , Qinghua Jin , Zhiyang Liu , Boyu Zheng , Wen Zeng , Qu Zhou","doi":"10.1016/j.microc.2026.116803","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.microc.2026.116803","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>As crop cultivation facilities with controllable environments, agricultural greenhouses have ammonia generated from fertilization and other processes inside, which can damage crops, affect their growth, and even cause their death. Ni-modified Bi<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> nanosheet were successfully synthesized via the coprecipitation method. In the study, different methods were utilized to characterize the morphology and structure of Ni/Bi<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> composite. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis manifested Ni doping increased concentrations of adsorbed oxygen and oxygen vacancies on the surface of Bi<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>. The Ni/Bi<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> sensor exhibited markedly elevated gas-sensing properties towards ammonia at room temperature; at an ammonia concentration of 100 ppm, its response value reached 91.54 %. Compared to pure Bi<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>, the resistance of Ni-doped Bi<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> decreases by approximately 300 times, significantly reducing resistance and benefiting gas sensing performance. The study further used density functional theory (DFT) to calculate the adsorption energy and density of states of samples, and analyzed and discussed the gas-sensing mechanism. The outcomes indicated Ni/Bi<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> nanosheet can elevate adsorption energy of ammonia molecules and promote electron transfer, improving the gas-sensing performance accordingly. This paper aims to provide an experimental basis for environmental monitoring in agricultural greenhouses.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":391,"journal":{"name":"Microchemical Journal","volume":"221 ","pages":"Article 116803"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145940860","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Advances in aptamer-based biosensors for cancer biomarker detection: a systematic review of emerging technologies and translational potential 基于适配体的癌症生物标志物检测生物传感器的进展：新兴技术和转化潜力的系统综述

IF 4.9 2区化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, ANALYTICAL

Microchemical Journal

Pub Date : 2026-01-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2025.116787

Yusuf Lukman , Shazana Hilda Shamsuddin

Background

Early detection of cancer biomarkers is essential for improving patient outcomes, and aptamer-based sensors have gained attention due to their high sensitivity, specificity, and compatibility with nanomaterials. However, their clinical utility requires systematic evaluation.

Objective

This study aims to assess the analytical performance and translational potential of aptamer-based sensors for cancer biomarker detection.

Data sources

PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar were searched from January 2010 to August 2025 using keywords such as aptamer, aptasensor, cancer biomarker, electrochemical, optical, fluorescent, and gravimetric.

Data extraction

A total of 5818 records were identified, with 2203 remaining after duplicate removal. Following title and abstract screening, 95 full-text articles were reviewed, and 91 studies were included in the final analysis.

Results

Electrochemical sensors were the most widely reported, followed by optical, fluorescent, and gravimetric sensors. Aptamer selection approaches frequently favored structural motifs within the apical loop and stem, as well as the central loop with two adjacent stems, to maximize binding specificity and stability. Bioconjugation chemistries, including C6 spacers, thiol, amine, and carboxyl linkages, were commonly applied for aptamer immobilization, enhancing electron transfer and sensor performance. Integration of nanomaterials, including gold nanoparticles, quantum dots, metal–organic frameworks (MOFs), and nanozymes, further improved detection limits to femtomolar levels.

Conclusion

Aptamer-based sensors hold strong promise for point-of-care cancer diagnostics. Future research should prioritize machine learning–guided aptamer selection, standardized fabrication, and large-scale clinical validation to ensure reliable translation into precision oncology.

癌症生物标志物的检测对于改善患者预后至关重要，基于适配体的传感器由于其高灵敏度、特异性和与纳米材料的相容性而受到关注。然而，它们的临床应用需要系统的评价。目的研究基于适配体的传感器在癌症生物标志物检测中的分析性能和转化潜力。数据来源：pubmed， Scopus, Web of Science，谷歌Scholar，检索时间为2010年1月至2025年8月，检索关键词为适配体，适配体传感器，癌症生物标志物，电化学，光学，荧光和重力。数据提取总共识别了5818条记录，删除重复后剩余2203条记录。在标题和摘要筛选之后，95篇全文文章被审查，91项研究被纳入最终分析。结果电化学传感器报道最多，其次是光学传感器、荧光传感器和重力传感器。适配体选择方法通常倾向于顶端环和茎内的结构基序，以及具有两个相邻茎的中心环，以最大限度地提高结合的特异性和稳定性。生物偶联化学，包括C6间隔物、硫醇、胺和羧基键，通常用于适配体固定，增强电子转移和传感器性能。纳米材料的集成，包括金纳米颗粒、量子点、金属有机框架（MOFs）和纳米酶，进一步提高了飞摩尔水平的检测限。结论基于适配体的传感器在即时癌症诊断中具有很强的应用前景。未来的研究应优先考虑机器学习引导的适体选择、标准化制造和大规模临床验证，以确保可靠地转化为精准肿瘤学。

{"title":"Advances in aptamer-based biosensors for cancer biomarker detection: a systematic review of emerging technologies and translational potential","authors":"Yusuf Lukman , Shazana Hilda Shamsuddin","doi":"10.1016/j.microc.2025.116787","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.microc.2025.116787","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Early detection of cancer biomarkers is essential for improving patient outcomes, and aptamer-based sensors have gained attention due to their high sensitivity, specificity, and compatibility with nanomaterials. However, their clinical utility requires systematic evaluation.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This study aims to assess the analytical performance and translational potential of aptamer-based sensors for cancer biomarker detection.</div></div><div><h3>Data sources</h3><div>PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar were searched from January 2010 to August 2025 using keywords such as <em>aptamer, aptasensor, cancer biomarker, electrochemical, optical, fluorescent, and gravimetric.</em></div></div><div><h3>Data extraction</h3><div>A total of 5818 records were identified, with 2203 remaining after duplicate removal. Following title and abstract screening, 95 full-text articles were reviewed, and 91 studies were included in the final analysis.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Electrochemical sensors were the most widely reported, followed by optical, fluorescent, and gravimetric sensors. Aptamer selection approaches frequently favored structural motifs within the apical loop and stem, as well as the central loop with two adjacent stems, to maximize binding specificity and stability. Bioconjugation chemistries, including C6 spacers, thiol, amine, and carboxyl linkages, were commonly applied for aptamer immobilization, enhancing electron transfer and sensor performance. Integration of nanomaterials, including gold nanoparticles, quantum dots, metal–organic frameworks (MOFs), and nanozymes, further improved detection limits to femtomolar levels.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Aptamer-based sensors hold strong promise for point-of-care cancer diagnostics. Future research should prioritize machine learning–guided aptamer selection, standardized fabrication, and large-scale clinical validation to ensure reliable translation into precision oncology.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":391,"journal":{"name":"Microchemical Journal","volume":"221 ","pages":"Article 116787"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145940928","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A Cu-MOFs@MnO2 nanocomposite-based ratiometric electrochemical sensor for simultaneous detection of Pb2+ and Hg2+ 同时检测Pb2+和Hg2+的Cu-MOFs@MnO2纳米复合材料比例电化学传感器

IF 4.9 2区化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, ANALYTICAL

Microchemical Journal

Pub Date : 2026-01-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2025.116742

Jinquan Liu , Siru Liu , Jiao Shi , Dongyun Xu , Guoqing Qin , Yuxiang Duan , Ruoxuan Chen , Xuan Wang , Yan Tan , Shengyuan Yang , Le Li

The development of reliable sensing platforms for the simultaneous detection of multiple heavy metal ions has remained challenging in environmental monitoring. Herein, a novel ratiometric electrochemical sensor was developed using a Cu-MOFs@MnO₂ NSs composite for the simultaneous quantification of Pb²⁺ and Hg²⁺. The composite was synthesized through a facile approach and functionalized onto a screen-printed carbon electrode (SPCE) to establish an efficient sensing interface. This design capitalized on the synergistic properties of both components: MnO₂ nanosheets provided abundant surface hydroxyl groups and enhanced electrical conductivity, while Cu-MOFs contributed a large specific surface area with multiple binding sites for metal ion enrichment. Significantly, the incorporated Cu-MOFs functioned as an internal reference, delivering a stable built-in signal for ratiometric analysis. The developed sensor achieved impressive detection limits of 22.69 nmol/L for Pb²⁺ and 30.07 nmol/L for Hg²⁺, while maintaining high selectivity and reproducibility in complex matrices. This study not only established a reliable platform for the accurate detection of Pb²⁺ and Hg²⁺ but also promoted the adoption of ratiometric strategies in electrochemical sensing to support environmental protection and public health security.

在环境监测中，开发可靠的同时检测多种重金属离子的传感平台一直是一个挑战。本文采用Cu-MOFs@MnO2 NSs复合材料开发了一种新型比例电化学传感器，用于同时定量Pb2+和Hg2+。通过简单的方法合成了该复合材料，并将其功能化到丝网印刷碳电极（SPCE）上，以建立高效的传感界面。该设计利用了两种组分的协同特性：MnO2纳米片提供了丰富的表面羟基和增强的导电性，而cu - mof具有较大的比表面积和多个结合位点，可用于金属离子富集。值得注意的是，集成的cu - mof作为内部参考，为比率分析提供稳定的内置信号。该传感器对Pb2+的检测限为22.69 nmol/L，对Hg2+的检测限为30.07 nmol/L，同时在复杂基质中保持了高选择性和重复性。本研究不仅为Pb2+和Hg2+的准确检测建立了可靠的平台，而且促进了比例策略在电化学传感中的应用，为环境保护和公共卫生安全提供了支持。

{"title":"A Cu-MOFs@MnO2 nanocomposite-based ratiometric electrochemical sensor for simultaneous detection of Pb2+ and Hg2+","authors":"Jinquan Liu , Siru Liu , Jiao Shi , Dongyun Xu , Guoqing Qin , Yuxiang Duan , Ruoxuan Chen , Xuan Wang , Yan Tan , Shengyuan Yang , Le Li","doi":"10.1016/j.microc.2025.116742","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.microc.2025.116742","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The development of reliable sensing platforms for the simultaneous detection of multiple heavy metal ions has remained challenging in environmental monitoring. Herein, a novel ratiometric electrochemical sensor was developed using a Cu-MOFs@MnO<sub>2</sub> NSs composite for the simultaneous quantification of Pb<sup>2+</sup> and Hg<sup>2+</sup>. The composite was synthesized through a facile approach and functionalized onto a screen-printed carbon electrode (SPCE) to establish an efficient sensing interface. This design capitalized on the synergistic properties of both components: MnO<sub>2</sub> nanosheets provided abundant surface hydroxyl groups and enhanced electrical conductivity, while Cu-MOFs contributed a large specific surface area with multiple binding sites for metal ion enrichment. Significantly, the incorporated Cu-MOFs functioned as an internal reference, delivering a stable built-in signal for ratiometric analysis. The developed sensor achieved impressive detection limits of 22.69 nmol/L for Pb<sup>2+</sup> and 30.07 nmol/L for Hg<sup>2+</sup>, while maintaining high selectivity and reproducibility in complex matrices. This study not only established a reliable platform for the accurate detection of Pb<sup>2+</sup> and Hg<sup>2+</sup> but also promoted the adoption of ratiometric strategies in electrochemical sensing to support environmental protection and public health security.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":391,"journal":{"name":"Microchemical Journal","volume":"221 ","pages":"Article 116742"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145940859","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A user-friendly dip-function paper-based analytical device for creatinine analysis in clinical urine samples 一种用户友好的浸入功能纸为基础的分析装置肌酐分析在临床尿液样本

IF 4.9 2区化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, ANALYTICAL

Microchemical Journal

Pub Date : 2026-01-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2026.116801

Thanapun Thanomputsa , Thitikorn Boonkoom , Warittha Thongkham , Ubon Cha'on , Sirirat Anutrakulchai , Deanpen Japrung , Sasikarn Seetasang

This work reports on the development of paper-based analytical devices (PADs) that eliminate micropipette usage during sample loading. The sample was loaded into the PADs by dipping into the urine samples that contain creatinine (Cre), a biomarker commonly used to assess kidney function. The Cre reacted with picric acid (PA) in the first reaction zone and then successively flowed into the detection zone, which was designed to collect the soluble orange Cre-PA complex as the reagent-sample mixed along the pathway, yielding a homogeneous color distribution. The lamination of the PADs prevents solution evaporation and weakens capillary flow, allowing precise sampling volumes without the use of a micropipette. The PADs provide a linear relationship between Cre concentrations and green intensity within a range of 10.0–50.0 mg/dL with correlation coefficient of r² > 0.99. The limit of detection and quantification are 2.8 and 9.5 mg/dL, respectively. The intraday (n = 2) and interday (n = 4) precision, reported as a relative standard deviation (%RSD), were 5.1 %, and 5.7 %, respectively. The developed devices show good tolerance under the accelerated storage conditions at 4 °C and 25 °C for 2 years. The developed PADs were employed to analyze Cre in 10 clinical urine samples obtained from Srinagarind Hospital. The measured Cre concentrations ranged from 141.8 to 285.3 mg/dL, with accuracy of 82.8–114.2 %. The results showed good agreement with the enzymatic colorimetric assay, confirming the high accuracy of the developed PADs.

这项工作报告了纸基分析设备（pad）的发展，该设备在样品加载过程中消除了微移管的使用。通过浸入含有肌酐（Cre）的尿液样本（通常用于评估肾功能的生物标志物），将样本装入pad。Cre在第一反应区与苦味酸（PA）发生反应，然后依次流入检测区，该检测区旨在收集可溶的橙色Cre-PA配合物作为沿路径混合的试剂-样品，产生均匀的颜色分布。PADs的层压防止溶液蒸发和削弱毛细管流动，允许精确的采样体积，而无需使用微移液管。在10.0 ~ 50.0 mg/dL范围内，绿色强度与Cre浓度呈线性关系，相关系数为r2 >； 0.99。检测限为2.8 mg/dL，定量限为9.5 mg/dL。日内（n = 2）和日内（n = 4）精密度，报告为相对标准偏差（%RSD），分别为5.1%和5.7%。在4°C和25°C的加速储存条件下，所开发的器件具有良好的耐受性2年。应用研制的pad对斯利那加林医院的10份临床尿样进行Cre分析。测定的Cre浓度范围为141.8 ~ 285.3 mg/dL，准确度为82.8 ~ 114.2%。结果与酶比色法吻合较好，证实了所建立的pad具有较高的准确性。

{"title":"A user-friendly dip-function paper-based analytical device for creatinine analysis in clinical urine samples","authors":"Thanapun Thanomputsa , Thitikorn Boonkoom , Warittha Thongkham , Ubon Cha'on , Sirirat Anutrakulchai , Deanpen Japrung , Sasikarn Seetasang","doi":"10.1016/j.microc.2026.116801","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.microc.2026.116801","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This work reports on the development of paper-based analytical devices (PADs) that eliminate micropipette usage during sample loading. The sample was loaded into the PADs by dipping into the urine samples that contain creatinine (Cre), a biomarker commonly used to assess kidney function. The Cre reacted with picric acid (PA) in the first reaction zone and then successively flowed into the detection zone, which was designed to collect the soluble orange Cre-PA complex as the reagent-sample mixed along the pathway, yielding a homogeneous color distribution. The lamination of the PADs prevents solution evaporation and weakens capillary flow, allowing precise sampling volumes without the use of a micropipette. The PADs provide a linear relationship between Cre concentrations and green intensity within a range of 10.0–50.0 mg/dL with correlation coefficient of r<sup>2</sup> > 0.99. The limit of detection and quantification are 2.8 and 9.5 mg/dL, respectively. The intraday (<em>n</em> = 2) and interday (<em>n</em> = 4) precision, reported as a relative standard deviation (%RSD), were 5.1 %, and 5.7 %, respectively. The developed devices show good tolerance under the accelerated storage conditions at 4 °C and 25 °C for 2 years. The developed PADs were employed to analyze Cre in 10 clinical urine samples obtained from Srinagarind Hospital. The measured Cre concentrations ranged from 141.8 to 285.3 mg/dL, with accuracy of 82.8–114.2 %. The results showed good agreement with the enzymatic colorimetric assay, confirming the high accuracy of the developed PADs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":391,"journal":{"name":"Microchemical Journal","volume":"221 ","pages":"Article 116801"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145941010","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Efficient magnetic molecularly imprinted nanoparticle strategy for rapid lactic acid separation from fermentation broth 磁性分子印迹纳米颗粒快速分离发酵液中乳酸的研究

IF 4.9 2区化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, ANALYTICAL

Microchemical Journal

Pub Date : 2026-01-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2026.116805

Ruijun Tang , Ran Zhao , Yuchen Cui , Xinru Wang , Yanmei Xu , Yiwen Wang , Youxin Li

Lactic acid (LA) is one of vital organic acids and mainly produced via microbial fermentation. However, its efficient and economical separation from the complicated fermentation broth remains challenging. To solve this issue, a lactic acid-magnetic molecularly imprinted nanoparticles (LA-MMIPs) strategy was developed for the rapid LA separation. L-Lactic acid was employed as the template molecule. 1-Vinylimidazole was chosen as the first functional monomer to capture LA through electrostatic interactions and hydrogen bonding, while 4-vinylphenylboronic acid was selected, for the first time, as a co-monomer to form boronate esters with the cis-diol structure of LA. Characterization revealed that LA-MMIPs exhibited a series of excellent properties, such as nano size (20–50 nm), thermal stability under 190 °C, magnetic property (15.38 emu/g), and a high adsorption capacity to lactic acid (465.38 ± 27.25 mg/g) under pH 2, 20 °C and an adsorption time of 1.5 h. Additionally, high selectivity, remarkable reusability and easy magnetic recoverability also were demonstrated. It also achieved the efficient removal (>90 %) of impurities in broth, such as proteins (97.53 %), pigments (94.63 %) and inorganic salts (100 %). In detail application, LA was successfully separated from Rhizopus oryzae fermentation broth under the original pH in 1.5 h via magnetic recovery, which enhanced the LA yield by approximately 20.4 % over five cycles, supporting sustainable industrial development.

乳酸（LA）是一种重要的有机酸，主要通过微生物发酵产生。然而，如何从复杂的发酵液中高效、经济地分离出来仍然是一个挑战。为了解决这一问题，研究了乳酸磁性分子印迹纳米颗粒（LA- mmips）的快速分离策略。l -乳酸作为模板分子。1-乙烯基咪唑是第一个通过静电相互作用和氢键捕获LA的功能单体，而4-乙烯基苯基硼酸是第一次被选择作为共聚单体，与LA的顺式二醇结构形成硼酸酯。表征结果表明，LA-MMIPs具有纳米尺寸（20 - 50 nm）、190℃下的热稳定性、磁性能（15.38 emu/g）、对乳酸的吸附量（465.38±27.25 mg/g）、pH值为2、20℃、吸附时间为1.5 h等优良性能，具有高选择性、显著的可重复使用性和易磁回收性。它还实现了对肉汤中杂质的有效去除（> 90%），如蛋白质（97.53%），色素（94.63%）和无机盐（100%）。在详细的应用中，在原始pH条件下，通过磁回收在1.5 h内成功地从米根霉发酵液中分离出LA，在5个循环中，LA的产率提高了约20.4%，支持了工业的可持续发展。

{"title":"Efficient magnetic molecularly imprinted nanoparticle strategy for rapid lactic acid separation from fermentation broth","authors":"Ruijun Tang , Ran Zhao , Yuchen Cui , Xinru Wang , Yanmei Xu , Yiwen Wang , Youxin Li","doi":"10.1016/j.microc.2026.116805","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.microc.2026.116805","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Lactic acid (LA) is one of vital organic acids and mainly produced via microbial fermentation. However, its efficient and economical separation from the complicated fermentation broth remains challenging. To solve this issue, a lactic acid-magnetic molecularly imprinted nanoparticles (LA-MMIPs) strategy was developed for the rapid LA separation. L-Lactic acid was employed as the template molecule. 1-Vinylimidazole was chosen as the first functional monomer to capture LA through electrostatic interactions and hydrogen bonding, while 4-vinylphenylboronic acid was selected, for the first time, as a co-monomer to form boronate esters with the cis-diol structure of LA. Characterization revealed that LA-MMIPs exhibited a series of excellent properties, such as nano size (20–50 nm), thermal stability under 190 °C, magnetic property (15.38 emu/g), and a high adsorption capacity to lactic acid (465.38 ± 27.25 mg/g) under pH 2, 20 °C and an adsorption time of 1.5 h. Additionally, high selectivity, remarkable reusability and easy magnetic recoverability also were demonstrated. It also achieved the efficient removal (>90 %) of impurities in broth, such as proteins (97.53 %), pigments (94.63 %) and inorganic salts (100 %). In detail application, LA was successfully separated from <em>Rhizopus oryzae</em> fermentation broth under the original pH in 1.5 h via magnetic recovery, which enhanced the LA yield by approximately 20.4 % over five cycles, supporting sustainable industrial development.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":391,"journal":{"name":"Microchemical Journal","volume":"221 ","pages":"Article 116805"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145940677","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Electrochemical determination of phosphorylation on two specific tyrosine residues of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 for risk assessment of eclampsia-induced cerebral hemorrhage 电化学测定血管内皮生长因子受体2两个特定酪氨酸残基的磷酸化用于子痫性脑出血的风险评估

IF 4.9 2区化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, ANALYTICAL

Microchemical Journal

Pub Date : 2026-01-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2025.116731

Yuanyuan Zhang , Yetao Xu , Hao Li , Xiangqing Kong

This study introduces an innovative electrochemical method for detecting site-specific phosphorylation on tyrosine residues of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR2), crucial for assessing the risk of preeclampsia-induced cerebral hemorrhage. By combining a VEGFR2-targeting peptide molecular probe with copper ion-mediated bis-tyrosine cross-linking, the method enables specific and sensitive detection of VEGFR2 phosphorylation in clinical samples. The process, validated by distinct electrochemical signals from phosphorylation at tyrosine residues 951 and 1175, correlates with VEGFR2's role in regulating endothelial cell proliferation and blood-brain barrier permeability. This approach simplifies the detection process, eliminating the need for complex biological preparations, and provides rapid, reliable molecular modification insights. The ability to quantitatively assess phosphorylation states in peripheral blood samples highlights its potential for bedside diagnostics, offering advancement in electrochemical biosensing for early detection and management of preeclampsia.

本研究介绍了一种创新的电化学方法，用于检测血管内皮生长因子受体2 （VEGFR2）酪氨酸残基的位点特异性磷酸化，这对于评估子痫前期脑出血的风险至关重要。该方法将VEGFR2靶向肽分子探针与铜离子介导的双酪氨酸交联相结合，实现了临床样品中VEGFR2磷酸化的特异性和敏感性检测。酪氨酸残基951和1175磷酸化的不同电化学信号证实了这一过程与VEGFR2在调节内皮细胞增殖和血脑屏障通透性中的作用相关。这种方法简化了检测过程，消除了对复杂生物制剂的需要，并提供了快速、可靠的分子修饰见解。定量评估外周血样本中磷酸化状态的能力突出了其床边诊断的潜力，为早期发现和管理子痫前期的电化学生物传感提供了进步。

{"title":"Electrochemical determination of phosphorylation on two specific tyrosine residues of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 for risk assessment of eclampsia-induced cerebral hemorrhage","authors":"Yuanyuan Zhang , Yetao Xu , Hao Li , Xiangqing Kong","doi":"10.1016/j.microc.2025.116731","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.microc.2025.116731","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study introduces an innovative electrochemical method for detecting site-specific phosphorylation on tyrosine residues of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR2), crucial for assessing the risk of preeclampsia-induced cerebral hemorrhage. By combining a VEGFR2-targeting peptide molecular probe with copper ion-mediated bis-tyrosine cross-linking, the method enables specific and sensitive detection of VEGFR2 phosphorylation in clinical samples. The process, validated by distinct electrochemical signals from phosphorylation at tyrosine residues 951 and 1175, correlates with VEGFR2's role in regulating endothelial cell proliferation and blood-brain barrier permeability. This approach simplifies the detection process, eliminating the need for complex biological preparations, and provides rapid, reliable molecular modification insights. The ability to quantitatively assess phosphorylation states in peripheral blood samples highlights its potential for bedside diagnostics, offering advancement in electrochemical biosensing for early detection and management of preeclampsia.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":391,"journal":{"name":"Microchemical Journal","volume":"221 ","pages":"Article 116731"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145940715","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Hierarchical engineering of BiVO4 via In doping and PdO loading for high-performance acetone sensing 通过In掺杂和PdO负载的BiVO4分层工程用于高性能丙酮传感

IF 4.9 2区化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, ANALYTICAL

Microchemical Journal

Pub Date : 2026-01-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2025.116785

Jiarong Chen , Hao yang , Hongyun Li , Qiang Wu , Yibo Wang , Wen Zeng , Zhen Han , Quansheng Ouyang , Cheng Chen

A hierarchical modification strategy involving In doping and subsequent PdO loading was developed to significantly enhance the acetone sensing properties of BiVO₄. The pristine BiVO₄ (BVO), In-doped BiVO₄ (In-BVO), and PdO-loaded In-BiVO₄ (Pd/In-BVO) were systematically synthesized and evaluated. The gas sensing results demonstrated that the response to 100 ppm acetone was substantially improved from 10 (BVO) to 15 (In-BVO) and further to 22 (Pd/In-BVO). Notably, the operating temperatures of BVO and In-BVO were both 310 °C, while that of Pd/In-BVO was meaningfully reduced to 270 °C. Furthermore, the theoretical limit of detection was lowered to 50 ppb for the Pd/In-BVO, compared to 199 ppb for pure BVO. Combined characterizations revealed that In doping introduced acidic sites to enhance acetone adsorption, while simultaneously lowering the oxygen desorption temperature. The subsequent PdO loading not only amplified these effects but also introduced a PdO/BiVO₄ heterojunction along with metallic Pd, which collectively promoted carrier separation, increased charge carrier concentration, and facilitated the adsorption and activation of oxygen species. This work provides a profound insight into the design of high-performance gas sensors through multi-step engineering.

采用In掺杂和PdO负载的分层修饰策略，显著提高了BiVO4的丙酮传感性能。系统地合成和评价了原始BiVO4 （BVO）、掺杂BiVO4 （In-BVO）和pdo负载的In-BiVO4 （Pd/In-BVO）。气敏结果表明，对100 ppm丙酮的响应从10 （BVO）大幅提高到15 (In-BVO)，进一步提高到22 （Pd/In-BVO）。值得注意的是，BVO和In-BVO的工作温度均为310℃，而Pd/In-BVO的工作温度显著降低至270℃。此外，Pd/In-BVO的理论检出限降至50 ppb，而纯BVO的检出限为199 ppb。综合表征表明，In掺杂引入了酸性位点，增强了丙酮的吸附，同时降低了氧解吸温度。随后的PdO加载不仅放大了这些效应，还引入了PdO/BiVO4与金属Pd的异质结，共同促进了载流子分离，增加了载流子浓度，促进了氧的吸附和活化。这项工作通过多步骤工程为高性能气体传感器的设计提供了深刻的见解。

{"title":"Hierarchical engineering of BiVO4 via In doping and PdO loading for high-performance acetone sensing","authors":"Jiarong Chen , Hao yang , Hongyun Li , Qiang Wu , Yibo Wang , Wen Zeng , Zhen Han , Quansheng Ouyang , Cheng Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.microc.2025.116785","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.microc.2025.116785","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A hierarchical modification strategy involving In doping and subsequent PdO loading was developed to significantly enhance the acetone sensing properties of BiVO<sub>4</sub>. The pristine BiVO<sub>4</sub> (BVO), In-doped BiVO<sub>4</sub> (In-BVO), and PdO-loaded In-BiVO<sub>4</sub> (Pd/In-BVO) were systematically synthesized and evaluated. The gas sensing results demonstrated that the response to 100 ppm acetone was substantially improved from 10 (BVO) to 15 (In-BVO) and further to 22 (Pd/In-BVO). Notably, the operating temperatures of BVO and In-BVO were both 310 °C, while that of Pd/In-BVO was meaningfully reduced to 270 °C. Furthermore, the theoretical limit of detection was lowered to 50 ppb for the Pd/In-BVO, compared to 199 ppb for pure BVO. Combined characterizations revealed that In doping introduced acidic sites to enhance acetone adsorption, while simultaneously lowering the oxygen desorption temperature. The subsequent PdO loading not only amplified these effects but also introduced a PdO/BiVO<sub>4</sub> heterojunction along with metallic Pd, which collectively promoted carrier separation, increased charge carrier concentration, and facilitated the adsorption and activation of oxygen species. This work provides a profound insight into the design of high-performance gas sensors through multi-step engineering.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":391,"journal":{"name":"Microchemical Journal","volume":"221 ","pages":"Article 116785"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145940903","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Strategically managing all electrodes in screen-printed platforms to enable high performance non-enzymatic 3D CuNi foam-based glucose sensors 战略性地管理丝网印刷平台中的所有电极，以实现高性能的非酶3D CuNi泡沫葡萄糖传感器

IF 4.9 2区化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, ANALYTICAL

Microchemical Journal

Pub Date : 2026-01-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2025.116783

Doyoun Kim , Sueun Choi , Hyo-Ryoung Lim

Non-enzymatic glucose sensors are attractive as enzyme-free alternatives offering improved stability, lower cost, and simpler fabrication. Screen-printed electrodes (SPEs) provide a scalable and low-cost platform, yet most studies focus only on the working electrode (WE), neglecting the counter (CE) and reference (RE) electrodes. Here, we present a non-enzymatic glucose sensor based on porous CuNi foam electrodeposited on the WE via a hydrogen bubble-assisted method. For the CE, platinum and gold were compared, with gold showing superior stability during sensing, attributed to lower surface reactivity. The RE was protected with Kapton tape during deposition to avoid electrode degradation. With these role-specific treatments, the sensor exhibited high sensitivity (518 μA mM⁻¹ cm⁻²), excellent reproducibility (RSD < 4.83 %), detection of limit (LOD = 19.1 uM) and signal stability. These findings demonstrate that function-oriented optimization of all three electrodes, beyond the WE alone, enhances the reliability and analytical performance of non-enzymatic SPE-based glucose sensors.

非酶葡萄糖传感器是有吸引力的无酶替代品，提供更好的稳定性，更低的成本，更简单的制造。丝网印刷电极（spe）提供了一个可扩展和低成本的平台，但大多数研究只关注工作电极（WE），而忽略了计数电极（CE）和参考电极（RE）。在这里，我们提出了一种基于多孔CuNi泡沫通过氢泡辅助方法电沉积在we上的非酶葡萄糖传感器。对于CE，铂和金进行了比较，金在感应过程中表现出优越的稳定性，归因于较低的表面反应性。在沉积过程中，用卡普顿胶带保护稀土，以避免电极降解。在这些作用特异性处理下，传感器具有较高的灵敏度（518 μA mM−1 cm−2），良好的重现性（RSD < 4.83%），检测限（LOD = 19.1 uM）和信号稳定性。这些发现表明，除了WE之外，对所有三种电极进行功能优化，可以提高非酶促的基于spe的葡萄糖传感器的可靠性和分析性能。

{"title":"Strategically managing all electrodes in screen-printed platforms to enable high performance non-enzymatic 3D CuNi foam-based glucose sensors","authors":"Doyoun Kim , Sueun Choi , Hyo-Ryoung Lim","doi":"10.1016/j.microc.2025.116783","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.microc.2025.116783","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Non-enzymatic glucose sensors are attractive as enzyme-free alternatives offering improved stability, lower cost, and simpler fabrication. Screen-printed electrodes (SPEs) provide a scalable and low-cost platform, yet most studies focus only on the working electrode (WE), neglecting the counter (CE) and reference (RE) electrodes. Here, we present a non-enzymatic glucose sensor based on porous CuNi foam electrodeposited on the WE via a hydrogen bubble-assisted method. For the CE, platinum and gold were compared, with gold showing superior stability during sensing, attributed to lower surface reactivity. The RE was protected with Kapton tape during deposition to avoid electrode degradation. With these role-specific treatments, the sensor exhibited high sensitivity (518 μA mM<sup>−1</sup> cm<sup>−2</sup>), excellent reproducibility (RSD < 4.83 %), detection of limit (LOD = 19.1 uM) and signal stability. These findings demonstrate that function-oriented optimization of all three electrodes, beyond the WE alone, enhances the reliability and analytical performance of non-enzymatic SPE-based glucose sensors.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":391,"journal":{"name":"Microchemical Journal","volume":"221 ","pages":"Article 116783"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145940799","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0