Morphologie最新文献

{"title":"Exploration de la microcirculation cutanée du lambeau perforant PAP : étude anatomoradiologique","authors":"Martin Lhuaire ,&nbsp;Aïna Venkatasamy ,&nbsp;Geoffroy Noel ,&nbsp;Severine Carrion ,&nbsp;Bénédicte Saboret ,&nbsp;Vincent Hunsinger ,&nbsp;Ignacio Garrido ,&nbsp;Mohamed Derder ,&nbsp;Mikael Hivelin ,&nbsp;Peter Abrahams ,&nbsp;Vincent Delmas ,&nbsp;Christian Fontaine ,&nbsp;Bertrand Tavitian ,&nbsp;Laurent Lantieri ,&nbsp;Olivier Clement","doi":"10.1016/j.morpho.2025.101036","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.morpho.2025.101036","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectif</h3><div>Le lambeau perforant issu de l’artère profonde de la cuisse (PAP) est une technique fréquemment utilisée en chirurgie reconstructrice. La microcirculation cutanée, élément clé pour la viabilité du lambeau, reste insuffisamment étudiée et mal documentée <span><span>[1]</span></span>, <span><span>[2]</span></span>, <span><span>[3]</span></span>. L’objectif de cette étude était de cartographier la microcirculation cutanée (artériosome et veinosome) du lambeau PAP en utilisant des techniques d’imagerie radiologique avancées, afin de mieux comprendre sa vascularisation et d’améliorer la planification chirurgicale.</div></div><div><h3>Matériels et méthodes</h3><div>Cette étude radioanatomique a été réalisée sur 18 sujets anatomiques, soit 36 lambeaux à l’état frais. Chaque lambeau a été injecté avec un mélange de latex coloré et de baryte pour opacifier les structures vasculaires. Les prélèvements ont ensuite été imagés par mammographie Selenia (Hologic, Inc. Marlborough, MA, États-UNis) pour l’analyse bidimentionnelle et par scanner à comptage photonique Naeotom Alpha (Siemens Healthineers, Erlangen, Allemagne) pour les reconstructions tridimentionnelles de la microcirculation.</div></div><div><h3>Résultats</h3><div>L’analyse a permis d’identifier toutes les perforantes principales par lambeau. La mammographie a permis de montrer la densité vasculaire artérielle et veineuses ainsi que la richesse des anastomoses entres les perforantes adjacentes, démontrant la suppléance des unes par rapport aux autres. Le scanner à comptage photonique a permis grâce aux reconstructions 3D d’objectiver les ramifications vasculaires artérielles au travers du tissus sous-cutané jusqu’au plexus sous-dermique. Il a également permis d’objectiver un réseau d’anastomoses entre le réseau veineux superficiel et les perforantes veineuses par des veines communicantes de gros calibre.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Cette étude cadavérique a démontré que la microcirculation cutanée du lambeau PAP peut être cartographiée avec précision grâce à l’injection de latex et de baryte associée à l’imagerie par mammographie et scanner à comptage photonique. Les données obtenues offrent des informations fondamentales sur la vascularisation de ce lambeau, pouvant améliorer la planification chirurgicale dans l’objectif de réduire les complications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":39316,"journal":{"name":"Morphologie","volume":"109 367","pages":"Article 101036"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145600620","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A systematic review and surgical anatomy of the greater omentum","authors":"T.S. Joseph ,&nbsp;E. Hogan ,&nbsp;A. Cesmebasi ,&nbsp;M. Carrasco ,&nbsp;C. Ang ,&nbsp;N. Davis ,&nbsp;M. Montalbano ,&nbsp;M. Loukas","doi":"10.1016/j.morpho.2025.101072","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.morpho.2025.101072","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The greater omentum, a peritoneal fold derived from the dorsal mesentery, is critical in immune surveillance, inflammation regulation, and tissue repair. Its extensive vascular and lymphatic networks and immune-rich milky spots contribute to pathogen clearance, wound healing, and metabolic regulation. Despite its well-documented physiological roles, a comprehensive evaluation of its vascular and lymphatic architecture, embryological development, and clinical applications remains necessary to refine its use in pathology and surgical interventions. This review analyzes the greater omentum's structural organization, developmental origins, pathological involvement, and evolving role in surgical and therapeutic applications. A systematic review followed PRISMA guidelines, analyzing 69 studies from an initial pool of 2526 records. The review discusses the omentum's roles in immune defense and its involvement in pathological conditions such as torsion, cysts, and neoplasms. Its surgical applications, including omental transposition, anastomotic reinforcement, oncologic resections, and abdominal wall reconstruction, are explored in detail. Furthermore, the review examines its angiogenic and immunomodulatory properties, highlighting their contributions to reparative functions and potential clinical applications. The omentum's role in disease progression, particularly in malignancies, is also evaluated, emphasizing its dual function as both a protective barrier and a site for metastatic spread. By integrating anatomical insights with clinical relevance, this review strengthens the understanding of the omentum's diverse contributions to abdominal health and disease. Findings highlight its practical significance in surgical innovation and therapeutic interventions, offering new perspectives for future research into its regenerative potential, oncologic implications, and broader medical applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":39316,"journal":{"name":"Morphologie","volume":"110 368","pages":"Article 101072"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145606739","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Selection of human embryo for IVF treatment using ensemble machine learning technique","authors":"A. Chaudhari ,&nbsp;A. Mahajan ,&nbsp;S. Nainan ,&nbsp;D. Shah ,&nbsp;C. Noronha","doi":"10.1016/j.morpho.2025.101082","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.morpho.2025.101082","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The success of in vitro fertilization (IVF) treatment for infertility majorly depends upon the selection of a healthy embryo by the embryologist which is highly subjective and depends on the expertise of the embryologist. This work introduces a comprehensive framework starting with the collection and pre- processing of the day 3 embryo and blastocyst images. It is followed by extraction of multifaceted information that includes color, edge, and other relevant features using local Descriptor, capturing the complex details necessary for precise embryo evaluation. Feature selection is done using the Extra Trees classifier and is followed by a one-dimensional Convolutional Neural Network (1D-CNN) for deeper feature extraction. The interpretability and predictive power of the extracted features is enhanced by 1D-CNN. Using a novel approach, the last layer of the 1D-CNN is replaced with an ensemble of classifiers to determine the quality of embryos. This ensemble technique leverages the unique strengths of each classifier used, providing a robust and comprehensive decision framework. The proposed method significantly outperforms existing approaches with an accuracy of 93% and 98% with blastocyst and day 3 embryo dataset, respectively. The research is undertaken in collaboration with Gynaecworld, the Center for Women's Health &amp; Fertility, Mumbai.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":39316,"journal":{"name":"Morphologie","volume":"110 368","pages":"Article 101082"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145558027","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Radiographic dental age estimation of Brazilian children and adolescents using a national reference sample","authors":"E. Rodrigues ,&nbsp;D. Moreira ,&nbsp;R. Silva ,&nbsp;A. Franco","doi":"10.1016/j.morpho.2025.101081","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.morpho.2025.101081","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Several radiographic methods have been proposed for dental age estimation, among which the Willems model and its Brazilian adaptation by Franco et al. (2024) have shown promising results. However, the Brazilian model has not yet been tested in Northeastern populations. This study aimed to validate Franco's model in a sample of children and adolescents from Alagoas, Northeastern Brazil. A retrospective, cross-sectional study was performed on 500 panoramic radiographs (250<!--> <!-->males, 250<!--> <!-->females) aged 6–15.99<!--> <!-->years, distributed evenly across one-year intervals. Chronological age was calculated from documentary records and compared with dental age estimated using Demirjian's staging system and Franco's Brazilian model. Mean error (ME), mean absolute error (MAE), and root mean squared error (RMSE) were calculated and complemented by Bland – Altman analysis. The mean chronological age was 11.0<!--> <!-->±<!--> <!-->2.9<!--> <!-->years, while the mean estimated age was 10.8<!--> <!-->±<!--> <!-->2.5<!--> <!-->years. The overall ME was 0.18<!--> <!-->years (0.06<!--> <!-->males, 0.29<!--> <!-->females). The MAE was 0.70<!--> <!-->years (0.67<!--> <!-->males, 0.73<!--> <!-->females), with the best performance between 7 and 10.99<!--> <!-->years (&lt;<!--> <!-->0.5<!--> <!-->years). RMSE values increased in older groups, reaching<!--> <!-->&gt;<!--> <!-->1.0<!--> <!-->year after age 13.99. Bland–Altman plots showed a transition from overestimation in younger ages to underestimation in older ages, earlier in females. The Brazilian model was adequate for the studied population, particularly for individuals aged 7–10.99<!--> <!-->years, with overall differences below one year.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":39316,"journal":{"name":"Morphologie","volume":"110 368","pages":"Article 101081"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145507323","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Estimation of stature from hand length and hand breadth in undergraduate medical students: An anthropometric study","authors":"Niraj Pandey ,&nbsp;Navindra Phuyal ,&nbsp;Anusuya Shrestha ,&nbsp;Anup Pandeya ,&nbsp;Ananda Kumar Mishra ,&nbsp;Kumar Bhushal","doi":"10.1016/j.morpho.2025.101080","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.morpho.2025.101080","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Stature, a determinant that aids in personal identification, can be estimated using measurements of various body parts. Forensic scientists often find dismembered body parts in trenches, rubbish and elsewhere that are brought for examination, leading to challenges in identification. This study measured the length and breadth of both right and left hands and the stature of the participants, aiming to develop more accurate linear regression equations for stature estimation. Regression equations may be affected by differences in measurements of right and left sides and study done in Nepalese population previously, lack to address this issue.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This is a cross-sectional descriptive study in which 195 medical students aged 18 to 24 were enrolled, and measurement of stature was done by stadiometer and hand length and breadth by vernier calliper, after an informed written consent was obtained.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Mean stature was higher in males (170.2<!--> <!-->±<!--> <!-->5.8<!--> <!-->cm) as compared to females (159<!--> <!-->±<!--> <!-->7.2<!--> <!-->cm). Mean length and breadth of both right and left hands were also found to be higher in males when compared with females. The model summary of the multiple linear regression analysis deduced that R is 0.805, which indicates that there is a strong positive correlation between stature and hand dimensions with a Standard Error of Estimates of 5.083<!--> <!-->cm. Hand length and hand breadth together, may be powerful predictor of stature, as indicated by the greater R value and higher explained variance.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Estimation of stature can be done using regression equation derived from hand length and hand breadth. Stature is a changing entity and is influenced by genetics and nutritional status. Future studies can be done taking these factors into consideration and also including a larger population size.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":39316,"journal":{"name":"Morphologie","volume":"110 368","pages":"Article 101080"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145467910","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CT-based morphological and morphometric assessment of the mandibular incisive canal and genial tubercles for sexual dimorphism","authors":"Alessandra Fragoso Vieira de Alencar ,&nbsp;Daniel Almeida Ferreira Barbosa ,&nbsp;Lúcio Mitsuo Kurita ,&nbsp;Filipe Nobre Chaves ,&nbsp;Frederico Sampaio Neves ,&nbsp;Fabrício Mesquita Tuji ,&nbsp;Esther Carneiro Ribeiro ,&nbsp;André Ferreira Leite ,&nbsp;Paulo Goberlânio de Barros Silva ,&nbsp;Fábio Wildson Gurgel Costa","doi":"10.1016/j.morpho.2025.101077","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.morpho.2025.101077","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study aimed to perform a morphological and morphometric assessment of the mandibular incisive canal (MIC) and genial tubercles (GT) using computed tomography, in order to develop sex estimation formulas based on linear measurements in a Brazilian adult sample. An observational study was carried out using 300 cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans from a pre-existing image database, comprising individuals aged between 21 and 50<!--> <!-->years, equally distributed between the sexes. The formulas for sex estimation presented, respectively, sensitivity and specificity of up to 71.3% and 80% % for MIC, and 67.3% and 72% for GT. The MIC presented a formula for estimating sex with a higher area under the ROC curve (AUC) (0.829<!--> <!-->±<!--> <!-->0.024) than the GT (0.760<!--> <!-->±<!--> <!-->0.027). Discriminant analysis was statistically significant (<em>P</em> <!-->&lt;<!--> <!-->0.001) and found a higher canonical correlation value for MIC (0.638) compared to GT (0.580). The developed formulas for estimating sex based on linear tomographic measurements of anterior mandible landmarks (MIC and GT) show reasonable sensitivity and specificity. The MIC formula demonstrated higher sensitivity, specificity, and overall performance compared to the GT formula.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":39316,"journal":{"name":"Morphologie","volume":"110 368","pages":"Article 101077"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145365666","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Origin of the human-specific flexor Carpi Radialis Brevis muscle: A rare embryological case study","authors":"S. Durand","doi":"10.1016/j.morpho.2025.101079","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.morpho.2025.101079","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":39316,"journal":{"name":"Morphologie","volume":"110 368","pages":"Article 101079"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145356324","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tridimensional analysis of the normal upper airways in non-dentofacial deformity patients","authors":"S.M. Costa,&nbsp;B.C. Ribeiro,&nbsp;P.F. Bertelli Trivellato,&nbsp;C.E. Sverzut,&nbsp;A.E. Trivellato","doi":"10.1016/j.morpho.2025.101078","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.morpho.2025.101078","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>To establish normative three-dimensional airway measurements in patients without dentofacial deformities (DDFs) or obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), and to identify anatomical and epidemiological factors associated with airway volume.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This retrospective cross-sectional study analyzed 200 CT scans from patients aged 18–80 years, with no diagnosis of DDF, OSA, or craniofacial syndromes. Scans were processed using artificial intelligence software (NEMOFAB) for automatic segmentation and volumetric analysis. Variables assessed included age, sex, neck circumference, and craniofacial linear distances (Menton–Hyoid, Menton–3rd Vertebrae, PNS–Hyoid, Soft Palate–Hyoid). Airway volume and Minimum Axial Area (MAA) were measured and compared using ANOVA.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The mean airway volume was 24,724.8<!--> <!-->mm³. Younger individuals exhibited greater airway volumes, especially among males. Patients with a neck circumference &lt;<!--> <!-->40<!--> <!-->cm had a 28.04% reduction in airway volume. Longer PNS–Hyoid, SPH, and M3<!--> <!-->V distances were positively associated with increased airway volume, while Menton–Hyoid showed minimal impact. A low MAA (&lt;<!--> <!-->110<!--> <!-->mm²) correlated with a significant volume decrease. Key predictors identified were age, neck circumference, PNS–Hyoid, SPH, and M3<!--> <!-->V distances.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>In patients without DDF or OSA, airway volume is significantly influenced by demographic and anatomical variables. These normative data provide a baseline for comparison in orthognathic surgical planning and respiratory risk assessment.</div></div><div><h3>Clinical Relevance</h3><div>Understanding normal airway morphology and its anatomical determinants enhances screening for patients at risk of airway compromise and may guide individualized treatment strategies in oral and maxillofacial surgery.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":39316,"journal":{"name":"Morphologie","volume":"110 368","pages":"Article 101078"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145334498","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CT evaluation of the internal acoustic canal and safe drilling triangle morphometry in relation to temporal pneumatization and age for gender determination and hearing preservation in surgery","authors":"H. Admış ,&nbsp;G. Açar ,&nbsp;A. Emine Çiçekcibaşı ,&nbsp;D. Aydoğdu","doi":"10.1016/j.morpho.2025.101076","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.morpho.2025.101076","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>We evaluated internal acoustic canal (IAC) and safe drilling triangle (SDT) morphometry to ascertain sexual dimorphism of the petrous portion (PP), using discriminant function analysis (DFA). We also aimed to elucidate the influence of temporal pneumatization (TP), biological sex, age, and laterality on these parameters.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We measured the dimensions of the IAC, the vertical (IAO_vd) and horizontal (IAO_hd) diameters of the internal acoustic opening (IAO), lateral angle (LA), medial bending angle (MBA), IAC angle, dimensions and volume of the SDT, and SD angle in 208 CT images. TP was classified into 3 types: conchal, middle, and full. Laterality, sex, and age group differences were determined using paired and independent <em>t</em> tests, and one-way Anova test, respectively.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>All linear parameters were higher on left side, while angular parameters except IAC angle were larger on right side. Right IAO_vd and LA also achieved the highest overall accuracy rates of 72.1%–69.7% in univariate DFA. Right IAO_vd and LA also had the highest AUC (0.765 and 0.764). In multivariate DFA, the combination of IAOvd, LA, and MBA enables sex estimation with an accuracy of 75%. As the PP became more pneumatized, all parameters increased significantly, while they declined with advancing age.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The IAO_vd, LA, and MBA can be applied in practice when alternative dimorphic indicators are unavailable for biological sex estimation in a contemporary Turkish population. The fact of verifying TP, sex, and age differences in SDT dimensions indicates the need for greater attention to preoperative CT assessment during surgical procedures.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":39316,"journal":{"name":"Morphologie","volume":"109 367","pages":"Article 101076"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145303786","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative neuroprotective efficacy of N-acetylcysteine and naringin in lead-induced neurotoxicity: Restoration of BDNF, neurotransmitters, and cognitive function","authors":"Havila Hasini Sreevaram ,&nbsp;Animireddy Kishore ,&nbsp;Senthilkumar Sivanesan ,&nbsp;Madhupriya Prabhakaran ,&nbsp;Balaji Karunakaran ,&nbsp;Sankaran Ponnusamy Kasirajan ,&nbsp;Ashok Kumar Jyothi ,&nbsp;Yuvaraj Maria Francis","doi":"10.1016/j.morpho.2025.101075","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.morpho.2025.101075","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Exposure to lead acetate is reported to induce neurotoxicity associated with cognitive dysfunction, neurotransmitter dysfunction, oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, and neuronal damage in the hippocampus. Flavonoids and other natural compounds possessing antioxidant and neuroprotective properties can be of therapeutic interest. In the current study, naringin's protective property as a flavonoid was compared with that of N-acetylcysteine (NAC) against lead-induced neurotoxicity in rats.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Adult rats were randomly distributed into control, lead acetate-treated, lead<!--> <!-->+<!--> <!-->NAC-treated, lead<!--> <!-->+<!--> <!-->low-dose naringin, and lead<!--> <!-->+<!--> <!-->high-dose naringin groups, each group containing 6 animals. The Novel Object Recognition (NOR) test was used for the evaluation of cognitive function. Biochemical analysis of hippocampal glutamate, acetylcholine, Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF), Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), pro-inflammatory markers (IL-6, GFAP), and serum lead levels was done. Histopathological analysis of hippocampal sections by crystal violet staining was done.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Exposure to lead acetate-induced severe neurotoxicity in the guise of compromised recognition memory, reduced glutamate and acetylcholine content, reduced BDNF and Nrf2 expression, increased IL-6 and GFAP content, and severe hippocampal neuronal damage. NAC treatment effectively reversed cognitive function, neurotransmitter content, neurotrophic factors, and diminished neuroinflammation. Dose-dependent neuroprotection was afforded by naringin, where the high-dose group had better recovery in all the parameters than the low-dose group. Interestingly, high-dose naringin was similar to or even larger than that of NAC's neuroprotection, normalization of hippocampal histoarchitecture, enhancement of antioxidant defense, and decrease in pro-inflammatory markers and serum lead levels.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Lead acetate causes profound neurotoxicity on cognition, neurotransmission, oxidative stress, and inflammation. Naringin, especially at high doses, exhibits highly potent neuroprotective effects, such as NAC, preventing lead-induced cognitive dysfunction and hippocampal pathology by displaying antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and neurotrophic effects. The results propose naringin as a potential natural drug candidate for preventing and/or treating lead-induced neurotoxicity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":39316,"journal":{"name":"Morphologie","volume":"109 367","pages":"Article 101075"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145218964","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}