A possibility for one-step synthesis of bimetallic CuNi nanopowders in a different ratio of Ni to Cu by solution combustion synthesis technique under normal air atmosphere without any post reduction is reported. The effect of different types of fuels like citric acid and glycine on the combustion process and characteristics of resultant solid products were investigated. XRD results showed the existing of CuNi as a main phase and small amounts of CuO and (Ni,Cu)4N. Determined CuNi particle sizes were in the range of up to 50 nm. Computer simulation was performed using the molecular dynamics method for similar concentration compositions, but in size range of 4.5–5.5 nm, as a result of cooling the system from 1700 K to 300 K. In addition, two types of melting scenario of binary CuNi NPs were studied: 1) heterogeneous melting of monocrystalline Cu and Ni NPs; 2) melting of the crystallization products of binary NPs. Melting temperatures weakly depend on the choice of the above-mentioned melting scenario. However, the nature of subsequent crystallization can be influenced by the initial energy of the system, which is higher for case 1. The characteristic temperatures of phase transitions of melting and crystallization are determined based on the analysis of hysteresis loops of the specific potential part of the internal energy of NPs. The patterns of atomic and structural segregation in binary CuNi NPs were studied.
{"title":"Structure patterns of one-step synthesis of CuNi nanopowders in air environment: Experiment and atomistic simulations","authors":"Valentin Romanovski , Nickolay Sdobnyakov , Andrey Kolosov , Kseniya Savina , Nikita Nepsha , Dmitry Moskovskikh , Illia Dobryden , Zhaowei Zhang , Evgenii Beletskii , Elena Romanovskaia","doi":"10.1016/j.nanoso.2024.101377","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nanoso.2024.101377","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A possibility for one-step synthesis of bimetallic CuNi nanopowders in a different ratio of Ni to Cu by solution combustion synthesis technique under normal air atmosphere without any post reduction is reported. The effect of different types of fuels like citric acid and glycine on the combustion process and characteristics of resultant solid products were investigated. XRD results showed the existing of CuNi as a main phase and small amounts of CuO and (Ni,Cu)<sub>4</sub>N. Determined CuNi particle sizes were in the range of up to 50 nm. Computer simulation was performed using the molecular dynamics method for similar concentration compositions, but in size range of 4.5–5.5 nm, as a result of cooling the system from 1700 K to 300 K. In addition, two types of melting scenario of binary CuNi NPs were studied: 1) heterogeneous melting of monocrystalline Cu and Ni NPs; 2) melting of the crystallization products of binary NPs. Melting temperatures weakly depend on the choice of the above-mentioned melting scenario. However, the nature of subsequent crystallization can be influenced by the initial energy of the system, which is higher for case 1. The characteristic temperatures of phase transitions of melting and crystallization are determined based on the analysis of hysteresis loops of the specific potential part of the internal energy of NPs. The patterns of atomic and structural segregation in binary CuNi NPs were studied.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":397,"journal":{"name":"Nano-Structures & Nano-Objects","volume":"40 ","pages":"Article 101377"},"PeriodicalIF":5.45,"publicationDate":"2024-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142416248","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-05DOI: 10.1016/j.nanoso.2024.101372
Elssa George , Jomon Joy , Poornima Vijayan P , Henri Vahabi , Soney C. George , Saithalavi Anas
The effect of hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) nanoparticles in acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) polymer matrix is investigated. ABS/h-BN nanocomposites were prepared with h-BN content ranging from 0.5 to 5 wt% and their frictional, thermal and mechanical properties were evaluated. XRD analysis showed that the 'd' spacing in h-BN stacks increased in the ABS nanocomposite due to the interpenetration of ABS polymer chains. The tensile properties and thermal stability of ABS matrix showed better improvement with 0.5 wt% addition of h-BN nanoparticles. The tensile fracture mechanism in ABS/h-BN nanocomposites was predicted using tensile fracture surface analysis. Coats-Redfern approach was applied to support the thermal stability analysis results. Significant enhancement (28 %) in frictional property of ABS was observed in the nanocomposite with h-BN. Wettability and flame retardancy of the ABS/h-BN nanocomposites were also investigated.
{"title":"Effect of filler loading on the frictional, thermal and mechanical properties of ABS/boron nitride (h-BN) nanocomposites","authors":"Elssa George , Jomon Joy , Poornima Vijayan P , Henri Vahabi , Soney C. George , Saithalavi Anas","doi":"10.1016/j.nanoso.2024.101372","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nanoso.2024.101372","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The effect of hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) nanoparticles in acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) polymer matrix is investigated. ABS/h-BN nanocomposites were prepared with h-BN content ranging from 0.5 to 5 wt% and their frictional, thermal and mechanical properties were evaluated. XRD analysis showed that the 'd' spacing in h-BN stacks increased in the ABS nanocomposite due to the interpenetration of ABS polymer chains. The tensile properties and thermal stability of ABS matrix showed better improvement with 0.5 wt% addition of h-BN nanoparticles. The tensile fracture mechanism in ABS/h-BN nanocomposites was predicted using tensile fracture surface analysis. Coats-Redfern approach was applied to support the thermal stability analysis results. Significant enhancement (28 %) in frictional property of ABS was observed in the nanocomposite with h-BN. Wettability and flame retardancy of the ABS/h-BN nanocomposites were also investigated.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":397,"journal":{"name":"Nano-Structures & Nano-Objects","volume":"40 ","pages":"Article 101372"},"PeriodicalIF":5.45,"publicationDate":"2024-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142416247","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-04DOI: 10.1016/j.nanoso.2024.101370
Tochukwu Perpetua Okonkwo , Osemudiamhen D. Amienghemhen , Adachukwu N. Nkwor , Ikhazuagbe Hilary Ifijen
The utilization of copper-based nanoparticles (NPs) for biomedical imaging has garnered significant attention in recent years, offering promising avenues for enhanced diagnostic and therapeutic applications. This comprehensive review synthesizes insights from a plethora of studies spanning various imaging modalities, including magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), positron emission tomography (PET), ultrasound, and photoacoustic imaging. Key advancements in nanoparticle synthesis methods, contrast agent design, and multimodal imaging approaches are highlighted, showcasing the transformative potential of copper-based NPs in biomedical imaging. Several studies have focused on optimizing the synthesis of copper-based NPs to achieve precise control over size, shape, and surface properties, thereby enhancing their imaging performance and biocompatibility. Strategies such as encapsulation within polymeric nanocarriers and functionalization with biocompatible coatings have been explored to mitigate toxicity concerns and improve stability in physiological environments. Moreover, the integration of copper ions with other imaging agents, such as gadolinium in layered double hydroxide (LDH) nanoparticles, has led to synergistic effects and enhanced contrast enhancement in MRI applications. Targeted delivery strategies have emerged as a key area of research, aiming to achieve precise localization of NPs within specific tissues or biomarkers for improved diagnostic accuracy and therapeutic efficacy. Multimodal imaging agents, combining copper NPs with complementary imaging modalities, offer synergistic advantages and comprehensive diagnostic information. Furthermore, the development of theranostic nanoparticle platforms holds promise for personalized medicine approaches, enabling simultaneous imaging and therapy within a single nanoparticle system. Despite these advancements, numerous challenges persist, including concerns regarding biocompatibility, toxicity, stability, and scalability. Addressing these challenges requires interdisciplinary efforts and collaboration between academia, industry, and regulatory agencies. Moreover, navigating regulatory hurdles and conducting rigorous preclinical and clinical studies are essential steps towards clinical translation. In conclusion, the utilization of copper-based NPs in biomedical imaging represents a burgeoning field with immense potential for revolutionizing healthcare.
{"title":"Exploring the versatility of copper-based nanoparticles as contrast agents in various imaging modalities","authors":"Tochukwu Perpetua Okonkwo , Osemudiamhen D. Amienghemhen , Adachukwu N. Nkwor , Ikhazuagbe Hilary Ifijen","doi":"10.1016/j.nanoso.2024.101370","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nanoso.2024.101370","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The utilization of copper-based nanoparticles (NPs) for biomedical imaging has garnered significant attention in recent years, offering promising avenues for enhanced diagnostic and therapeutic applications. This comprehensive review synthesizes insights from a plethora of studies spanning various imaging modalities, including magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), positron emission tomography (PET), ultrasound, and photoacoustic imaging. Key advancements in nanoparticle synthesis methods, contrast agent design, and multimodal imaging approaches are highlighted, showcasing the transformative potential of copper-based NPs in biomedical imaging. Several studies have focused on optimizing the synthesis of copper-based NPs to achieve precise control over size, shape, and surface properties, thereby enhancing their imaging performance and biocompatibility. Strategies such as encapsulation within polymeric nanocarriers and functionalization with biocompatible coatings have been explored to mitigate toxicity concerns and improve stability in physiological environments. Moreover, the integration of copper ions with other imaging agents, such as gadolinium in layered double hydroxide (LDH) nanoparticles, has led to synergistic effects and enhanced contrast enhancement in MRI applications. Targeted delivery strategies have emerged as a key area of research, aiming to achieve precise localization of NPs within specific tissues or biomarkers for improved diagnostic accuracy and therapeutic efficacy. Multimodal imaging agents, combining copper NPs with complementary imaging modalities, offer synergistic advantages and comprehensive diagnostic information. Furthermore, the development of theranostic nanoparticle platforms holds promise for personalized medicine approaches, enabling simultaneous imaging and therapy within a single nanoparticle system. Despite these advancements, numerous challenges persist, including concerns regarding biocompatibility, toxicity, stability, and scalability. Addressing these challenges requires interdisciplinary efforts and collaboration between academia, industry, and regulatory agencies. Moreover, navigating regulatory hurdles and conducting rigorous preclinical and clinical studies are essential steps towards clinical translation. In conclusion, the utilization of copper-based NPs in biomedical imaging represents a burgeoning field with immense potential for revolutionizing healthcare.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":397,"journal":{"name":"Nano-Structures & Nano-Objects","volume":"40 ","pages":"Article 101370"},"PeriodicalIF":5.45,"publicationDate":"2024-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142416246","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
An effective topical therapeutic agent requires a multifunctional attribute such as antibacterial, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory efficacy. The green-synthesized metallic and metallic oxide nanoparticles have shown significant applicability in this regard. Hence a biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using Aloe barbadensis miller leaf gel was fabricated and evaluated for effect of imperative influences such as temperature, time, and concentration of reactant on AgNPs synthesis. Furthermore, the biomimetic qualities were assessed to ensure the safety and efficacy. The synthesis of stabilized and capped AgNPs presented a UV–vis–based plasmonic resonance at ∼ 400 nm. The reduction of silver nitrate was further confirmed by the shift in FTIR spectra for -OH around 2870 cm−1. SEM and TEM images revealed cubic shape of the AgNPs. Whereas X-ray diffraction pattern indicated crystalline structure (crystallite size of ∼ 31.14 nm) with an inter-planar spacing value of 2.77, 1.96, and 1.67 Å for (200), (220), and (311) planes, respectively. In addition, AgNPs indicated a steady dispersion, homogeneity, and strong anionic zeta potential (∼ 35.4 mV). The results of antibacterial and antifungal activity demonstrated the potential of phyto-synthesized AgNPs in mitigation of infection associated with tested bacterial strain Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus megaterium, Shigella flexneri, Trichoderma viride, Aspergillus niger, and Penicillium crysogenum. Moreover, the results of hydrogen peroxide-based scavenging, anti-inflammatory, and anti-diabetic study revealed that the biosynthesized AgNPs exhibit an improved biomimetic attribute. Additionally, the biocompatibility assay demonstrated > 80 % of CaCO-2 and L-929 cells viability at 1.67 μg/mL and 3.35 μg/mL, respectively. The anticancer activity of synthesized AgNPs against epithelium-like phenotype oral squamous carcinoma cells (CLS-354/WT) displayed IC50 of 11.58 μg/mL. The results indicate that biogenic produced AgNPs may find suitable use as a potential therapeutic agent due to multifunctional attribute.
{"title":"Phyto-mediated biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles using Aloe barbadensis Miller leaves gel with improved antibacterial, anti-fungal, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetic, and anti-cancer activities","authors":"Pooja V. Nagime , Dwi Marlina Syukri , Tessa Sjahriani , Dessy Hermawan , Nishat M. Shaikh , Sheeba Shafi , Vijay R. Chidrawar , Sudarshan Singh , Naheed Kausar , Aliya Elamin","doi":"10.1016/j.nanoso.2024.101368","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nanoso.2024.101368","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>An effective topical therapeutic agent requires a multifunctional attribute such as antibacterial, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory efficacy. The green-synthesized metallic and metallic oxide nanoparticles have shown significant applicability in this regard. Hence a biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using <em>Aloe barbadensis</em> miller leaf gel was fabricated and evaluated for effect of imperative influences such as temperature, time, and concentration of reactant on AgNPs synthesis. Furthermore, the biomimetic qualities were assessed to ensure the safety and efficacy. The synthesis of stabilized and capped AgNPs presented a UV–vis–based plasmonic resonance at ∼ 400 nm. The reduction of silver nitrate was further confirmed by the shift in FTIR spectra for -OH around 2870 cm<sup>−1</sup>. SEM and TEM images revealed cubic shape of the AgNPs. Whereas X-ray diffraction pattern indicated crystalline structure (crystallite size of ∼ 31.14 nm) with an inter-planar spacing value of 2.77, 1.96, and 1.67 Å for (200), (220), and (311) planes, respectively. In addition, AgNPs indicated a steady dispersion, homogeneity, and strong anionic zeta potential (∼ 35.4 mV). The results of antibacterial and antifungal activity demonstrated the potential of phyto-synthesized AgNPs in mitigation of infection associated with tested bacterial strain <em>Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus megaterium, Shigella flexneri, Trichoderma viride, Aspergillus niger,</em> and <em>Penicillium crysogenum</em>. Moreover, the results of hydrogen peroxide-based scavenging, anti-inflammatory, and anti-diabetic study revealed that the biosynthesized AgNPs exhibit an improved biomimetic attribute. Additionally, the biocompatibility assay demonstrated > 80 % of CaCO-2 and L-929 cells viability at 1.67 μg/mL and 3.35 μg/mL, respectively. The anticancer activity of synthesized AgNPs against epithelium-like phenotype oral squamous carcinoma cells (CLS-354/WT) displayed IC<sub>50</sub> of 11.58 μg/mL. The results indicate that biogenic produced AgNPs may find suitable use as a potential therapeutic agent due to multifunctional attribute.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":397,"journal":{"name":"Nano-Structures & Nano-Objects","volume":"40 ","pages":"Article 101368"},"PeriodicalIF":5.45,"publicationDate":"2024-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142416245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-03DOI: 10.1016/j.nanoso.2024.101369
Shakshi Bhardwaj, Shiva Singh, Dakuri Ramakanth, Vinay Kumar Gupta, Pradip K. Maji
Nanocellulose (NC) is a biomaterial with prospective use as a futuristic material. NC-based materials have several diverse uses, and their demand is growing every year. However, because of their highly flammable nature, the use of NC in harsh settings is greatly restricted. Hence, it is crucial to minimize the risk of fire caused by NC-based materials to maintain a superior level of performance. To diminish the inherent flammability of these substances, flame-retardant elements are often added as additives to produce flame-retardant nanocomposites. Hence, in this review, we have provided a comprehensive summary of the characteristics of NC and the principles and categorization of flame retardants. Subsequently, we have discussed the methods used for the synthesis and characterization of NC-based flame-retardant materials. It also delves into the historical progressions in these materials, intending to enhance the ability to resist flames. The article investigates the fire resistance properties of several materials based on NC, including aerogels, coatings, films, and textiles. The objective of this review is to provide a comprehensive analysis of the future directions and advancements in multi-functional flame-retardant NC materials, with a focus on their potential applications in harsh situations.
{"title":"Strategic insights of imparting flame retardancy into nano-cellulosic materials: A review","authors":"Shakshi Bhardwaj, Shiva Singh, Dakuri Ramakanth, Vinay Kumar Gupta, Pradip K. Maji","doi":"10.1016/j.nanoso.2024.101369","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nanoso.2024.101369","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Nanocellulose (NC) is a biomaterial with prospective use as a futuristic material. NC-based materials have several diverse uses, and their demand is growing every year. However, because of their highly flammable nature, the use of NC in harsh settings is greatly restricted. Hence, it is crucial to minimize the risk of fire caused by NC-based materials to maintain a superior level of performance. To diminish the inherent flammability of these substances, flame-retardant elements are often added as additives to produce flame-retardant nanocomposites. Hence, in this review, we have provided a comprehensive summary of the characteristics of NC and the principles and categorization of flame retardants. Subsequently, we have discussed the methods used for the synthesis and characterization of NC-based flame-retardant materials. It also delves into the historical progressions in these materials, intending to enhance the ability to resist flames. The article investigates the fire resistance properties of several materials based on NC, including aerogels, coatings, films, and textiles. The objective of this review is to provide a comprehensive analysis of the future directions and advancements in multi-functional flame-retardant NC materials, with a focus on their potential applications in harsh situations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":397,"journal":{"name":"Nano-Structures & Nano-Objects","volume":"40 ","pages":"Article 101369"},"PeriodicalIF":5.45,"publicationDate":"2024-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142416370","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pollution of water raises many concerns for the community because these substances are considered hazardous and can be detrimental to the environment. Waste such as dyes and pesticide residues are the most significant contributors to organic pollution. These hazardous and toxic materials must be properly removed from the environment to ensure and protect human health, safety, and the environment. Adsorption and photodegradation are two effective water purification techniques with high efficiency, economy, and ease of operation, promising environmental remediation through efficient energy use. Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) that combine metal ions with organic ligands have diverse physical and chemical properties, making them excellent materials for removing toxic pollutants. MOFs possess unique structural properties and are utilized in the latest technological advancements for removing pesticides, heavy metal ions, pharmaceutical waste, and dyes. The functionalization, modification, defects, and deformations of adsorbents can improve the adsorption and photocatalytic performance of MOFs. Several essential factors related to MOF synthesis have been studied concerning structural properties, the basis of linker functionalization, the synthetic strategy of MIX-MOF assembly, mixed ligands, and framework defects, which can improve MOF performance in certain areas. Several topics will be discussed in this review, including MOFs, the strategy of using mixed ligands in MOF synthesis, and their application for treating environmental pollution.
{"title":"The mixed-ligand strategy for structural modification of MOF materials to enhance the photocatalytic degradation and adsorption of organic pollutants: A review","authors":"Nuhaa Faaizatunnisa , Ratna Ediati , Enis Nadia MD Yusof , Arif Fadlan , Karelius Karelius , Ummu Kulsum , Muhammad Naufal Ariesta","doi":"10.1016/j.nanoso.2024.101366","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nanoso.2024.101366","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Pollution of water raises many concerns for the community because these substances are considered hazardous and can be detrimental to the environment. Waste such as dyes and pesticide residues are the most significant contributors to organic pollution. These hazardous and toxic materials must be properly removed from the environment to ensure and protect human health, safety, and the environment. Adsorption and photodegradation are two effective water purification techniques with high efficiency, economy, and ease of operation, promising environmental remediation through efficient energy use. Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) that combine metal ions with organic ligands have diverse physical and chemical properties, making them excellent materials for removing toxic pollutants. MOFs possess unique structural properties and are utilized in the latest technological advancements for removing pesticides, heavy metal ions, pharmaceutical waste, and dyes. The functionalization, modification, defects, and deformations of adsorbents can improve the adsorption and photocatalytic performance of MOFs. Several essential factors related to MOF synthesis have been studied concerning structural properties, the basis of linker functionalization, the synthetic strategy of MIX-MOF assembly, mixed ligands, and framework defects, which can improve MOF performance in certain areas. Several topics will be discussed in this review, including MOFs, the strategy of using mixed ligands in MOF synthesis, and their application for treating environmental pollution.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":397,"journal":{"name":"Nano-Structures & Nano-Objects","volume":"40 ","pages":"Article 101366"},"PeriodicalIF":5.45,"publicationDate":"2024-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142416369","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-02DOI: 10.1016/j.nanoso.2024.101345
Kanchan Jha , Esam Bashir Yahya , Rahul Dev Bairwan , Mustafa Sabri , H.P.S. Abdul Khalil , Mardiana Idayu Ahmad , Indra Surya
This research introduces a sustainable method for extracting carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) from durian peel waste via supercritical carbon dioxide (Sc.CO2) processing, leading to the development of advanced aerogel scaffolds. The study evaluates the influence of Sc.CO2 treatment times (60, 90, and 120 min) on the properties of the produced CMC, investigating enhancements in terms of thermal stability, crystallinity, and mechanical attributes through thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and mechanical strength assessments. It was discovered that a 90-minute treatment duration yielded CMC aerogels with notable improvements in porosity, structural robustness, and mechanical resilience. This innovative approach not only proposes a viable strategy for repurposing agricultural by-products but also significantly augments the functional qualities of CMC aerogels, rendering them highly applicable in diverse fields. The outcomes underscore the efficiency of Sc.CO2 treatment in refining the mechanical and thermal characteristics of CMC derived from durian peel waste, facilitating the creation of aerogel scaffolds poised for use in various sectors including drug delivery, water purification, and eco-friendly packaging, thereby contributing to the global initiatives for sustainability and efficient waste management.
{"title":"Eco-friendly approach for carboxymethyl cellulose isolation from durian peel waste and aerogel scaffold preparation","authors":"Kanchan Jha , Esam Bashir Yahya , Rahul Dev Bairwan , Mustafa Sabri , H.P.S. Abdul Khalil , Mardiana Idayu Ahmad , Indra Surya","doi":"10.1016/j.nanoso.2024.101345","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nanoso.2024.101345","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This research introduces a sustainable method for extracting carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) from durian peel waste via supercritical carbon dioxide (Sc.CO<sub>2</sub>) processing, leading to the development of advanced aerogel scaffolds. The study evaluates the influence of Sc.CO<sub>2</sub> treatment times (60, 90, and 120 min) on the properties of the produced CMC, investigating enhancements in terms of thermal stability, crystallinity, and mechanical attributes through thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and mechanical strength assessments. It was discovered that a 90-minute treatment duration yielded CMC aerogels with notable improvements in porosity, structural robustness, and mechanical resilience. This innovative approach not only proposes a viable strategy for repurposing agricultural by-products but also significantly augments the functional qualities of CMC aerogels, rendering them highly applicable in diverse fields. The outcomes underscore the efficiency of Sc.CO<sub>2</sub> treatment in refining the mechanical and thermal characteristics of CMC derived from durian peel waste, facilitating the creation of aerogel scaffolds poised for use in various sectors including drug delivery, water purification, and eco-friendly packaging, thereby contributing to the global initiatives for sustainability and efficient waste management.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":397,"journal":{"name":"Nano-Structures & Nano-Objects","volume":"40 ","pages":"Article 101345"},"PeriodicalIF":5.45,"publicationDate":"2024-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142416242","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this communication, the prevalence of Poole-Frenkel conduction mechanism in two distinct semiconductor systems, CdS single-layered and CdS/SnS2 heterojunction electrode systems, is reported. X-ray diffraction (XRD) exhibits the formation of CdS quantum dots (QDs). A High resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) shows a discrete particle distribution of SnS2, tends to assemble into nanosheets. Poole-Frenkel conduction arises due to the trap distribution of CdS dots, modified by SnS2 sheets. Furthermore, the formation of heterojunctions with SnS2 shows promising enhancement in charge transport, characterized by reduced trap density and improved conductivity compared pristine CdS. The findings provide valuable insights into the fundamental charge transport processes in CdS/SnS2 system and offer potential avenues for optimizing the performance of electronic devices.
{"title":"Poole-Frenkel conduction in CdS single-layered and CdS/SnS2 heterojunction electrode system","authors":"Yowa Nanung , Lohnye Tangjang , Hirendra Das , P.K. Kalita","doi":"10.1016/j.nanoso.2024.101359","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nanoso.2024.101359","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this communication, the prevalence of Poole-Frenkel conduction mechanism in two distinct semiconductor systems, CdS single-layered and CdS/SnS<sub>2</sub> heterojunction electrode systems, is reported. X-ray diffraction (XRD) exhibits the formation of CdS quantum dots (QDs). A High resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) shows a discrete particle distribution of SnS<sub>2</sub>, tends to assemble into nanosheets. Poole-Frenkel conduction arises due to the trap distribution of CdS dots, modified by SnS<sub>2</sub> sheets. Furthermore, the formation of heterojunctions with SnS<sub>2</sub> shows promising enhancement in charge transport, characterized by reduced trap density and improved conductivity compared pristine CdS. The findings provide valuable insights into the fundamental charge transport processes in CdS/SnS<sub>2</sub> system and offer potential avenues for optimizing the performance of electronic devices.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":397,"journal":{"name":"Nano-Structures & Nano-Objects","volume":"40 ","pages":"Article 101359"},"PeriodicalIF":5.45,"publicationDate":"2024-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142416368","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
<div><div>Hierarchical pore development has been widely explored with various biomass precursors using one or more surface activating agents and porogens to prepare three-dimensional (3D) carbon materials such as activated carbons (ACs) with high specific surface areas (SSA) for the fabrication of electrical double layer (EDLC) supercapacitor (SC) for efficient charge storage. However, purity, quality and performance of biomass derived ACs are usually concerned as toxic gases are produced from activating agents and porogens. In further connection with an effective pore structure control in such ACs, selection of the activating agent and the carbonization conditions is highly crucial. We noted that zinc chloride (ZnCl<sub>2</sub>) activation has not been attempted with red onion (<em>Allium cepa. L</em>) skins for energy storage applications. This motivated us to have a detailed investigation of the ZnCl<sub>2</sub> effect on red onion skins at different temperatures. In this study to see if we can correlate the activation process to be investigated with the pore structure management in the ACs derived, mainly to see if we can deduce some meaningful relationship with the energy storage performance of the resulting 3D carbon structures. We found that 3D carbon sponges can be derived from red onion skins at 900 °C for 3 h under inert atmosphere due to the inherent assembly of quercetin molecules and anthocyanins via hydrogen bonding and π–π stacking interactions assisted surface activation, carbonization, and aromatization processes. Surface porosity measurements using BET method revealed that the SSA (∼2398 m<sup>2</sup> g<sup>−1</sup>) of 3D porous carbon sponges is comparable or higher than the most other biomass derived ACs. High resolution transmission electron microscopic (HRTEM) results confirmed that around each micropore and mesopore, five to ten graphitic nanolayers were created, which further interacted to form conducting networks on the 3D sponge surface. Such conducting networks stabilized the hierarchical pores and circulated the electrolyte in and around the micro/-nano cavity via controlled diffusion process which promoted an efficient charge storage at the electrochemical interface. As a result, the 3D carbon material provided a specific capacitance (<em>C</em><sub>sp</sub>) value of 265 F g<sup>−1</sup> at a current density (CD) of 1.0 Ag<sup>−1</sup>, with two-fold higher than that provided by commercial AC materials. The all-solid-state SC fabricated with 3D carbon sponge provided a high energy density (ED) of 19.9 Wh kg<sup>−1</sup> at a power density (PD) of 12.5 KW kg<sup>−1</sup> with minimum IR drop (∼0.05 V), which is comparable to the ED and PD values for biomass-derived ACs reported in the literature. This work provides new insights into the preparation of 3D nanostructured ACs with sponge-like texture from a biomass precursor with good control over 3D structure, graphitic networks, and porosity development for improved e
人们广泛利用各种生物质前体，使用一种或多种表面活化剂和致孔剂来制备三维（3D）碳材料，如具有高比表面积（SSA）的活性碳（AC），用于制造高效电荷存储的双电层（EDLC）超级电容器（SC）。然而，生物质衍生活性炭的纯度、质量和性能通常受到关注，因为活化剂和孔隙剂会产生有毒气体。为了进一步有效控制此类 AC 的孔隙结构，活化剂和碳化条件的选择至关重要。我们注意到氯化锌（ZnCl2）活化还没有尝试过与红洋葱（Allium cepa. L）皮一起用于储能应用。这促使我们对氯化锌在不同温度下对红洋葱皮的影响进行详细调查。在这项研究中，我们想看看是否能将所要研究的活化过程与所得到的三维碳结构中的孔隙结构管理联系起来，主要是想看看我们是否能推断出与所得到的三维碳结构的储能性能之间的一些有意义的关系。我们发现，由于槲皮素分子和花青素在表面活化、碳化和芳香化过程中通过氢键和π-π堆叠相互作用固有地组装在一起，因此在惰性气氛下于900 °C下3小时可从红洋葱皮中衍生出三维碳海绵。利用 BET 法测量表面孔隙率发现，三维多孔碳海绵的 SSA（2398 平方米克-1）与大多数其他生物质衍生 AC 相似或更高。高分辨率透射电子显微镜（HRTEM）结果证实，在每个微孔和中孔周围都形成了五到十个石墨纳米层，它们进一步相互作用，在三维海绵表面形成了导电网络。这种导电网络稳定了分层孔隙，并通过受控扩散过程使电解质在微/纳米腔内外循环，从而促进了电化学界面的高效电荷存储。因此，三维碳材料在电流密度（CD）为 1.0 Ag-1 时的比电容（Csp）值为 265 F g-1，比商用交流电材料高出两倍。用三维海绵碳制造的全固态 SC 在功率密度（PD）为 12.5 KW kg-1 时可提供 19.9 Wh kg-1 的高能量密度（ED），且红外电压降（∼0.05 V）最小，与文献报道的生物质源 AC 的 ED 值和 PD 值相当。这项工作为利用生物质前驱体制备具有海绵状质地的三维纳米结构交流电提供了新的视角，并很好地控制了三维结构、石墨网络和孔隙率的发展，从而改善了能量存储应用。
{"title":"3D carbon sponge-derived from red onion skin for solid-state supercapacitor","authors":"Pitchaimani Veerakumar , Arun Prakash Periasamy , Arumugam Sangili , Chih-Ching Huang , Huan-Tsung Chang","doi":"10.1016/j.nanoso.2024.101355","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nanoso.2024.101355","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Hierarchical pore development has been widely explored with various biomass precursors using one or more surface activating agents and porogens to prepare three-dimensional (3D) carbon materials such as activated carbons (ACs) with high specific surface areas (SSA) for the fabrication of electrical double layer (EDLC) supercapacitor (SC) for efficient charge storage. However, purity, quality and performance of biomass derived ACs are usually concerned as toxic gases are produced from activating agents and porogens. In further connection with an effective pore structure control in such ACs, selection of the activating agent and the carbonization conditions is highly crucial. We noted that zinc chloride (ZnCl<sub>2</sub>) activation has not been attempted with red onion (<em>Allium cepa. L</em>) skins for energy storage applications. This motivated us to have a detailed investigation of the ZnCl<sub>2</sub> effect on red onion skins at different temperatures. In this study to see if we can correlate the activation process to be investigated with the pore structure management in the ACs derived, mainly to see if we can deduce some meaningful relationship with the energy storage performance of the resulting 3D carbon structures. We found that 3D carbon sponges can be derived from red onion skins at 900 °C for 3 h under inert atmosphere due to the inherent assembly of quercetin molecules and anthocyanins via hydrogen bonding and π–π stacking interactions assisted surface activation, carbonization, and aromatization processes. Surface porosity measurements using BET method revealed that the SSA (∼2398 m<sup>2</sup> g<sup>−1</sup>) of 3D porous carbon sponges is comparable or higher than the most other biomass derived ACs. High resolution transmission electron microscopic (HRTEM) results confirmed that around each micropore and mesopore, five to ten graphitic nanolayers were created, which further interacted to form conducting networks on the 3D sponge surface. Such conducting networks stabilized the hierarchical pores and circulated the electrolyte in and around the micro/-nano cavity via controlled diffusion process which promoted an efficient charge storage at the electrochemical interface. As a result, the 3D carbon material provided a specific capacitance (<em>C</em><sub>sp</sub>) value of 265 F g<sup>−1</sup> at a current density (CD) of 1.0 Ag<sup>−1</sup>, with two-fold higher than that provided by commercial AC materials. The all-solid-state SC fabricated with 3D carbon sponge provided a high energy density (ED) of 19.9 Wh kg<sup>−1</sup> at a power density (PD) of 12.5 KW kg<sup>−1</sup> with minimum IR drop (∼0.05 V), which is comparable to the ED and PD values for biomass-derived ACs reported in the literature. This work provides new insights into the preparation of 3D nanostructured ACs with sponge-like texture from a biomass precursor with good control over 3D structure, graphitic networks, and porosity development for improved e","PeriodicalId":397,"journal":{"name":"Nano-Structures & Nano-Objects","volume":"40 ","pages":"Article 101355"},"PeriodicalIF":5.45,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142416240","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-01DOI: 10.1016/j.nanoso.2024.101361
Sai Teja Banala, Adithyan TR, Saisupriyalakshmi Saravanan, Shyam V.S., Sreeram K. Kalpathy, Tiju Thomas
We report the use of oxide-coated Al-Cu nanoparticles for enhanced solar water heating purposes. Both Al and Cu are earth-abundant metals, so they are chosen in this work. Furthermore, Al- and Cu-based nanoparticles have substantial absorption cross-sections in UV, visible, and some parts of the near-infrared region (∼300–1100 nm). This makes these nanoparticles useful in solar water heating applications. An aqueous synthesis approach, which yields oxide-coated Al-Cu-based nanoparticles, is used since it is scalable and eco-friendly. The effects of particle loading between 0.025–0.1 wt% in water, for use as a nanofluid, are tested under an infrared source. The oxide-coated Al-Cu nanoparticles are mostly cubic in morphology. The particles are stable in the nanofluid with zeta potential values >30 mV. On dispersing 0.075 wt% of these nanoparticles in water, a 14–16 % enhancement in the saturation temperature is obtained. This implies that the heating kinetic constants are increased by ∼15 % upon addition of these nanoparticles to water. The scattering and absorption cross-sections for the Al-Cu-oxide based nanoparticle system were determined computationally by solving the Maxwell’s equations. The peak scattering cross-section was found to occur at a wavelength of 728 nm for a particle size of 50 nm. The values obtained computationally were used as inputs to solve the energy balance equations for simulating a water heating setup. A maximum temperature of 347.5 K is predicted for a volume of 500 ml water over a 12-hour solar heating time period, with an initial ambient temperature of 305 K. These values are commensurate with the experimental data, thus validating the model’s accuracy. These results suggest that Al-Cu-based nanoparticles would be promising candidates for use in solar water heating and thermal nanofluid applications.
{"title":"Oxide-coated Al-Cu-based nanoparticles for enhanced solar water heating","authors":"Sai Teja Banala, Adithyan TR, Saisupriyalakshmi Saravanan, Shyam V.S., Sreeram K. Kalpathy, Tiju Thomas","doi":"10.1016/j.nanoso.2024.101361","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nanoso.2024.101361","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We report the use of oxide-coated Al-Cu nanoparticles for enhanced solar water heating purposes. Both Al and Cu are earth-abundant metals, so they are chosen in this work. Furthermore, Al- and Cu-based nanoparticles have substantial absorption cross-sections in UV, visible, and some parts of the near-infrared region (∼300–1100 nm). This makes these nanoparticles useful in solar water heating applications. An aqueous synthesis approach, which yields oxide-coated Al-Cu-based nanoparticles, is used since it is scalable and eco-friendly. The effects of particle loading between 0.025–0.1 wt% in water, for use as a nanofluid, are tested under an infrared source. The oxide-coated Al-Cu nanoparticles are mostly cubic in morphology. The particles are stable in the nanofluid with zeta potential values >30 mV. On dispersing 0.075 wt% of these nanoparticles in water, a 14–16 % enhancement in the saturation temperature is obtained. This implies that the heating kinetic constants are increased by ∼15 % upon addition of these nanoparticles to water. The scattering and absorption cross-sections for the Al-Cu-oxide based nanoparticle system were determined computationally by solving the Maxwell’s equations. The peak scattering cross-section was found to occur at a wavelength of 728 nm for a particle size of 50 nm. The values obtained computationally were used as inputs to solve the energy balance equations for simulating a water heating setup. A maximum temperature of 347.5 K is predicted for a volume of 500 ml water over a 12-hour solar heating time period, with an initial ambient temperature of 305 K. These values are commensurate with the experimental data, thus validating the model’s accuracy. These results suggest that Al-Cu-based nanoparticles would be promising candidates for use in solar water heating and thermal nanofluid applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":397,"journal":{"name":"Nano-Structures & Nano-Objects","volume":"40 ","pages":"Article 101361"},"PeriodicalIF":5.45,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142416243","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：
京公网安备 11010802042870号