This article analyses the harmful implications of the historical phenomenon of racism and sexism in the lives of black women. Through their manifestations on the internet, namely in the form of hateful comments, it becomes clear that racism and sexism remain active and it is necessary that the black and black feminist movement start to act in the virtual environment to face it. We conclude that black digital activism is an important tool in the struggle to build associability without oppression and inequality. Flávia da Silva Clemente, Doutora em Serviço Social, Professora do Departamento de Serviço Social da UFPE e integrante dos Coletivos Filhas do Vento e Acadêmicas Negras. Email: flaviaclemente2000@yahoo.com.br
本文分析了种族主义和性别歧视这一历史现象在黑人妇女生活中的有害影响。通过他们在互联网上的表现，即仇恨言论的形式，很明显，种族主义和性别歧视仍然活跃，黑人和黑人女权主义运动有必要在虚拟环境中开始行动来面对它。我们得出结论，黑人数字激进主义是在没有压迫和不平等的情况下建立联系的重要工具。Flávia da Silva Clemente，Doutora em Serviço Social，Professora do Departmento de Servic̦o Social da UFPE e integrante dos Coletivos Filhas do Vento e Acadeõmicas Negras。电子邮件：flaviaclemente2000@yahoo.com.br
{"title":"6 - Sabemos Resistir: Racismo e Sexismo na internet","authors":"Flávia da Silva Clemente","doi":"10.57054/ad.v46i2.1185","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.57054/ad.v46i2.1185","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 \u0000This article analyses the harmful implications of the historical phenomenon of racism and sexism in the lives of black women. Through their manifestations on the internet, namely in the form of hateful comments, it becomes clear that racism and sexism remain active and it is necessary that the black and black feminist movement start to act in the virtual environment to face it. We conclude that black digital activism is an important tool in the struggle to build associability without oppression and inequality. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Flávia da Silva Clemente, Doutora em Serviço Social, Professora do Departamento de Serviço Social da UFPE e integrante dos Coletivos Filhas do Vento e Acadêmicas Negras. Email: flaviaclemente2000@yahoo.com.br \u0000 \u0000 \u0000","PeriodicalId":39851,"journal":{"name":"Africa Development/Afrique et Developpement","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42847096","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study aims to share some reflections on how the colonial matrix of power underlies the constitution of the Brazilian scientific politics. The perspective used is that of the feminist contra-colonial theory, in order to mark and support the analysis on how the mechanisms of oppression based on race, gender and class exploration can be institutionalized and enter in the disputes that serve as a base for the production of scientific knowledge. Such reflections are the results of a walk which can be thought in terms of two avenues of research. The first considers the politics of higher education as a part of the scientific-political field. It has to do with research previously realized with women scientist working in universities of the Brazilian scientific periphery. The second seeks to think of aspects to be considered in the history of the institutionalization of the scientific politics, using a documental research, whose sources are represented by an analysis of legislation, statistical data and other documents. Among them it is worth remembering the analyses coming from documents belonging to the data-base of the main research funding agency of the national decisional scientific, technological and innovation system: the National Committee for the Scientific and Technological Development – CNPq. Through these investigative paths and starting from a feminist contra-colonial criticism, this research reveals the multiple systems of domination which configure an intersectional nature of the oppressions which also compose the scientific politics of the country. Vivian Matias dos Santos, Professora Adjunta (dedicação exclusiva), Programa de Pós-Graduação em Psicologia, Departamento de Serviço Social, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), Brasil. Email: vivian.matias@ufpe.br
本研究旨在分享一些关于殖民地权力矩阵如何构成巴西科学政治宪法的思考。所使用的视角是女权主义反殖民理论的视角，以标记和支持基于种族、性别和阶级探索的压迫机制如何被制度化，并进入作为科学知识产生基础的争议。这种反思是散步的结果，可以从两个研究途径来思考。第一部分认为高等教育政治是科学政治领域的一部分。这与之前在巴西科学外围大学工作的女科学家进行的研究有关。第二部分试图通过文献研究来思考科学政治制度化历史中需要考虑的方面，文献研究的来源是对立法、统计数据和其他文件的分析。其中值得记住的是，来自国家决策科学、技术和创新系统主要研究资助机构国家科学技术发展委员会数据库的文件。通过这些调查路径，本研究从女权主义的反殖民批评出发，揭示了多重统治体系，这些体系构成了压迫的交叉性质，也构成了国家的科学政治。Vivian Matias dos Santos，巴西伯南布哥联邦大学社会服务部Pós-Graduac项目助理教授。电子邮件：vivian.matias@ufpe.br
{"title":"7 - Para (re)pensar política científica no Brasil: uma contribuição feminista contra-colonial","authors":"Vivian Matias Dos Santos","doi":"10.57054/ad.v46i2.1186","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.57054/ad.v46i2.1186","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 \u0000This study aims to share some reflections on how the colonial matrix of power underlies the constitution of the Brazilian scientific politics. The perspective used is that of the feminist contra-colonial theory, in order to mark and support the analysis on how the mechanisms of oppression based on race, gender and class exploration can be institutionalized and enter in the disputes that serve as a base for the production of scientific knowledge. Such reflections are the results of a walk which can be thought in terms of two avenues of research. The first considers the politics of higher education as a part of the scientific-political field. It has to do with research previously realized with women scientist working in universities of the Brazilian scientific periphery. The second seeks to think of aspects to be considered in the history of the institutionalization of the scientific politics, using a documental research, whose sources are represented by an analysis of legislation, statistical data and other documents. Among them it is worth remembering the analyses coming from documents belonging to the data-base of the main research funding agency of the national decisional scientific, technological and innovation system: the National Committee for the Scientific and Technological Development – CNPq. Through these investigative paths and starting from a feminist contra-colonial criticism, this research reveals the multiple systems of domination which configure an intersectional nature of the oppressions which also compose the scientific politics of the country. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Vivian Matias dos Santos, Professora Adjunta (dedicação exclusiva), Programa de Pós-Graduação em Psicologia, Departamento de Serviço Social, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), Brasil. Email: vivian.matias@ufpe.br \u0000 \u0000 \u0000","PeriodicalId":39851,"journal":{"name":"Africa Development/Afrique et Developpement","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42680652","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In the last decades, the protection of the environment towards a sustainable development is one of the greatest challenges facing humanity. This research aims to understand Mozambique’s commitment to attentive governance that promotes Environmental Democracy. This qualitative research is theoretical (bibliographic-documental) and makes use of the analytical and comparative method to find an answer to the following problem: Mozambique has always been present at international summits on the environment, signed the various protocols, consistently agreed, but it still faces difficulties in pursuing the objectives set at the level of governance (legislative, executive and judicial). There are several obstacles in Mozambique’s journey to become a Democratic State of Environmental Law, in line with environmental law recognized as a human right. The results of this research are challenging: in Mozambique there is little talk of environmental democracy, and the local literature on the subject is scarce. The need for greater and direct public participation in the implementation processes of major projects for the exploitation of natural resources and investments that delay the local development is widely recognized. Giuseppe Meloni, University Professor, General Director of the Instituto Superior Dom Bosco (ISDB) – Maputo, Mozambique. Email: meloniscj@gmail.com Ana Lúcia César Machanguia, Instituto Superior Mutasa (Management), Mozambique. PhD student in Social Sustainability and Development, Universidade Aberta de Lisboa, Portugal. Email: analumachanguia@gmail.com
在过去的几十年里，保护环境以实现可持续发展是人类面临的最大挑战之一。本研究旨在了解莫桑比克对促进环境民主的细心治理的承诺。这种定性研究是理论性的(书目-文件)，并利用分析和比较方法来找到下列问题的答案:莫桑比克一直出席关于环境问题的国际首脑会议，签署了各种议定书，一致同意，但它在追求在管理(立法、行政和司法)一级设定的目标方面仍然面临困难。莫桑比克在按照公认为人权的环境法成为一个环境法民主国家的道路上存在着若干障碍。这项研究的结果是具有挑战性的:在莫桑比克，很少有人谈论环境民主，关于这个问题的当地文献也很少。人们普遍认识到，需要更多和直接的公众参与开发自然资源和投资的重大项目的执行过程，这些项目延误了当地的发展。Giuseppe Meloni，大学教授，莫桑比克马普托高等博斯克研究所(ISDB)主任。电子邮件:meloniscj@gmail.com Ana Lúcia csamsar Machanguia, Instituto Superior Mutasa (Management)，莫桑比克。葡萄牙里斯本阿伯塔大学社会可持续发展博士研究生。电子邮件:analumachanguia@gmail.com
{"title":"2 - Democracia ambiental em Moçambique: congruências legais e contradições práticas","authors":"Giuseppe Meloni, Ana Lúcia César Machanguia","doi":"10.57054/ad.v46i2.1181","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.57054/ad.v46i2.1181","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 \u0000In the last decades, the protection of the environment towards a sustainable development is one of the greatest challenges facing humanity. This research aims to understand Mozambique’s commitment to attentive governance that promotes Environmental Democracy. This qualitative research is theoretical (bibliographic-documental) and makes use of the analytical and comparative method to find an answer to the following problem: Mozambique has always been present at international summits on the environment, signed the various protocols, consistently agreed, but it still faces difficulties in pursuing the objectives set at the level of governance (legislative, executive and judicial). There are several obstacles in Mozambique’s journey to become a Democratic State of Environmental Law, in line with environmental law recognized as a human right. The results of this research are challenging: in Mozambique there is little talk of environmental democracy, and the local literature on the subject is scarce. The need for greater and direct public participation in the implementation processes of major projects for the exploitation of natural resources and investments that delay the local development is widely recognized. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Giuseppe Meloni, University Professor, General Director of the Instituto Superior Dom Bosco (ISDB) – Maputo, Mozambique. Email: meloniscj@gmail.com \u0000Ana Lúcia César Machanguia, Instituto Superior Mutasa (Management), Mozambique. PhD student in Social Sustainability and Development, Universidade Aberta de Lisboa, Portugal. Email: analumachanguia@gmail.com \u0000 \u0000 \u0000","PeriodicalId":39851,"journal":{"name":"Africa Development/Afrique et Developpement","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41917036","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mamadou Dimé, Pascal Kapagama, Zakaria Soré, I. Touré
Cette contribution montre comment Filimbi et la Lucha en République démocratique du Congo, le Balai citoyen au Burkina Faso et Y’en a marre au Sénégal traduisent des permanences et des ruptures dans les processus, figures et modes de contestation sociopolitique et d’engagement citoyen en Afrique. S’appuyant sur une démarche qualitative, elle met l’accent sur une discussion des dimensions relevant du contexte national sur le projet sociopolitique porté par ces mouvements d’affirmation citoyenne. Elle discute des enjeux, des modalités d’articulation, des défis et des limites de la « transafricaine de l’indocilité » que ces mouvements désirent incarner et impulser. Elle étudie enfin l’ancrage idéologique de ces mouvements et les modalités de déclinaison de leurs actions politiques et de leurs conquêtes citoyennes. Mamadou Dimé, Département de sociologie, Université Gaston Berger, Saint-Louis, Sénégal. Email : mamadou.dime@ugb.edu.sn Pascal Kapagama, Département de sociologie, Université de Kinshasa, Kinshasa, République démocratique du Congo. Email : paskpgm@yahoo.fr Zakaria Soré, Département de sociologie, Université Joseph Ki-Zerbo, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso. Email : sorefils@gmail.com Ibrahima Touré, Département de sociologie, Université Assane Seck, Ziguinchor, Sénégal. Email : ibrahima.toure@univ-zig.sn
这一贡献表明，刚果民主共和国的Filimbi和La Lucha、布基纳法索的Le Balai citoyen和塞内加尔的Y'en marre如何反映非洲社会政治抗议和公民参与的进程、数字和模式的永久性和破裂。在定性方法的基础上，它侧重于讨论这些公民肯定运动所开展的社会政治项目的国家层面。她讨论了这些运动希望体现和推动的“跨非洲不容忍”的利害关系、表达方式、挑战和局限性。最后，她研究了这些运动的意识形态根源及其政治行动和公民征服的临床模式。马马杜·迪梅，塞内加尔圣路易斯加斯顿·伯杰大学社会学系。电子邮件：mamadou.dime@ugb.edu.sn帕斯卡尔·卡帕加马，金沙萨大学社会学系，金沙萨，刚果民主共和国。电子邮件：paskpgm@yahoo.frZakaria Soré，布基纳法索瓦加杜古Joseph Ki Zerbo大学社会学系。电子邮件：sorefils@gmail.comIbrahima Toure，塞内加尔齐金绍尔阿萨内塞克大学社会学系。电子邮件：ibrahima.toure@univ-zig.sn
{"title":"4 - « Afrikki mwinda » : Y'en a marre, Balai citoyen, Filimbi et Lucha – catalyseurs d'une dynamique transafricaine de l'engagement citoyen","authors":"Mamadou Dimé, Pascal Kapagama, Zakaria Soré, I. Touré","doi":"10.57054/ad.v46i1.747","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.57054/ad.v46i1.747","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 \u0000Cette contribution montre comment Filimbi et la Lucha en République démocratique du Congo, le Balai citoyen au Burkina Faso et Y’en a marre au Sénégal traduisent des permanences et des ruptures dans les processus, figures et modes de contestation sociopolitique et d’engagement citoyen en Afrique. S’appuyant sur une démarche qualitative, elle met l’accent sur une discussion des dimensions relevant du contexte national sur le projet sociopolitique porté par ces mouvements d’affirmation citoyenne. Elle discute des enjeux, des modalités d’articulation, des défis et des limites de la « transafricaine de l’indocilité » que ces mouvements désirent incarner et impulser. Elle étudie enfin l’ancrage idéologique de ces mouvements et les modalités de déclinaison de leurs actions politiques et de leurs conquêtes citoyennes. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Mamadou Dimé, Département de sociologie, Université Gaston Berger, Saint-Louis, Sénégal. Email : mamadou.dime@ugb.edu.sn \u0000Pascal Kapagama, Département de sociologie, Université de Kinshasa, Kinshasa, République démocratique du Congo. Email : paskpgm@yahoo.fr \u0000Zakaria Soré, Département de sociologie, Université Joseph Ki-Zerbo, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso. Email : sorefils@gmail.com \u0000Ibrahima Touré, Département de sociologie, Université Assane Seck, Ziguinchor, Sénégal. Email : ibrahima.toure@univ-zig.sn \u0000 \u0000 \u0000","PeriodicalId":39851,"journal":{"name":"Africa Development/Afrique et Developpement","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42397528","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Oswelled Ureke, N. Mhiripiri, Mercy Mangwana Mubayiwa, Ratidzo Midzi
This article discusses the process and outcome of a participatory video production endeavour in which selected members of the Twai Twai San community in Zimbabwe were taught to operate video cameras and mobile phones for the purpose of documenting their realities. The study was aimed at finding out the nature of audio-visual narratives that the marginalised community would create if empowered to do so. The article pays particular attention to representations of the self by the San community, the underlying power dynamics and socio-technical concerns of the production process. A combination of participatory action research and filmmaking methodology was employed for the study. Data for the study were collected through interviews and focus group discussions with the filmmakers and some members of the community. The article also benefits from the authors’ observations of the film production process, which is critical in the analysis of the completed ethnographic video-films The Golden Story of Makhulela and The San of Twai Twai. The study established that the films made by the San youths projected the ways in which they perceived themselves as a community. As such, the films were some form of self(ie)-representation. This perception of themselves could be the chief reason behind the film techniques employed and narratives chosen by the San youth as well as the aesthetics of the video-films. It was also found in the study that video-film could play a critical role of preserving or archiving Tyua language, which is slowly dying among the San. Oswelled Ureke,University of Johannesburg and Midlands State University. Email: urekeo@staff.msu.ac.zw Nhamo A. Mhiripiri, Midlands State University. Email: mhiripirina@staff.msu.ac.zw Mercy Mangwana Mubayiwa, Midlands State University. Email: mercymangwanam@gmail.com Ratidzo Midzi, Midlands State University. Email: ratidzomidzi@yahoo.com
{"title":"5 - Aesthetic of Innocence: Experiencing Self-filming by the San of Zimbabwe","authors":"Oswelled Ureke, N. Mhiripiri, Mercy Mangwana Mubayiwa, Ratidzo Midzi","doi":"10.57054/ad.v46i1.748","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.57054/ad.v46i1.748","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 \u0000This article discusses the process and outcome of a participatory video production endeavour in which selected members of the Twai Twai San community in Zimbabwe were taught to operate video cameras and mobile phones for the purpose of documenting their realities. The study was aimed at finding out the nature of audio-visual narratives that the marginalised community would create if empowered to do so. The article pays particular attention to representations of the self by the San community, the underlying power dynamics and socio-technical concerns of the production process. A combination of participatory action research and filmmaking methodology was employed for the study. Data for the study were collected through interviews and focus group discussions with the filmmakers and some members of the community. The article also benefits from the authors’ observations of the film production process, which is critical in the analysis of the completed ethnographic video-films The Golden Story of Makhulela and The San of Twai Twai. The study established that the films made by the San youths projected the ways in which they perceived themselves as a community. As such, the films were some form of self(ie)-representation. This perception of themselves could be the chief reason behind the film techniques employed and narratives chosen by the San youth as well as the aesthetics of the video-films. It was also found in the study that video-film could play a critical role of preserving or archiving Tyua language, which is slowly dying among the San. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Oswelled Ureke,University of Johannesburg and Midlands State University. Email: urekeo@staff.msu.ac.zw \u0000Nhamo A. Mhiripiri, Midlands State University. Email: mhiripirina@staff.msu.ac.zw \u0000Mercy Mangwana Mubayiwa, Midlands State University. Email: mercymangwanam@gmail.com \u0000Ratidzo Midzi, Midlands State University. Email: ratidzomidzi@yahoo.com \u0000 \u0000 \u0000","PeriodicalId":39851,"journal":{"name":"Africa Development/Afrique et Developpement","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47403258","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
R. Yegbemey, Aline M. Aloukoutou, Ghislain B. D. Aïhounton
In this study we analyse the impact of weather forecasts provided to smallholder maize farmers through mobile phone short message service on self-reported labour costs, crop yield and income. We conducted a pilot field experiment, involving 331 randomly selected eligible farmers in six villages. Randomisation was done at the village level. We used three regression specifications to estimate the impacts: Ordinary Least Squares (OLS), Generalised Estimating Equations (GEE) with a small sample correction and Randomisation Inference (RI). We found that the treatment and control groups were well balanced. Farmers in the treatment group recorded lower labour costs but higher crop yield and income levels. Both the direction and the magnitude of the impact estimates were consistent across the three regression specifications, but significant with the RI model only (for labour costs and yield) or the RI and GEE models (for income). Weather forecasts can have an impact on smallholder farmers’ labour, yield and income. These findings are strong evidence of the possibility of using weather-related information and mobile phones to build smallholder farmers’ resilience to climate variability. Yet more research is required to build a solid evidence base to inform agricultural policies. Rosaine N. Yegbemey, Laboratoire d’Analyse et de Recherches sur les Dynamiques Economiques et Sociales (LARDES), Faculté d’Agronomie, Université de Parakou, Bénin. Email: ynerice@gmail.com; rosaine.yegbemey@fa-up.bj Aline M. Aloukoutou, Bureau de Recherche et de Développement en Agriculture (Breda-ONG). Email: alma_aline@yahoo.com Ghislain B. D. Aïhounton, Laboratoire d’Analyseet de Recherches sur les Dynamiques Economiques et Sociales (LARDES), Faculté d’Agronomie, Université de Parakou, Bénin. Email: aihountong@gmail.com
{"title":"8 - The Impact of Short Message Services (SMS) Weather Forecasts on Cost, Yield and Income in Maize Production: Evidence from a Pilot Randomised Controlled Trial in Bembèrèkè, North Benin","authors":"R. Yegbemey, Aline M. Aloukoutou, Ghislain B. D. Aïhounton","doi":"10.57054/ad.v46i1.751","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.57054/ad.v46i1.751","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000\u0000In this study we analyse the impact of weather forecasts provided to smallholder maize farmers through mobile phone short message service on self-reported labour costs, crop yield and income. We conducted a pilot field experiment, involving 331 randomly selected eligible farmers in six villages. Randomisation was done at the village level. We used three regression specifications to estimate the impacts: Ordinary Least Squares (OLS), Generalised Estimating Equations (GEE) with a small sample correction and Randomisation Inference (RI). We found that the treatment and control groups were well balanced. Farmers in the treatment group recorded lower labour costs but higher crop yield and income levels. Both the direction and the magnitude of the impact estimates were consistent across the three regression specifications, but significant with the RI model only (for labour costs and yield) or the RI and GEE models (for income). Weather forecasts can have an impact on smallholder farmers’ labour, yield and income. These findings are strong evidence of the possibility of using weather-related information and mobile phones to build smallholder farmers’ resilience to climate variability. Yet more research is required to build a solid evidence base to inform agricultural policies.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Rosaine N. Yegbemey, Laboratoire d’Analyse et de Recherches sur les Dynamiques Economiques et Sociales (LARDES), Faculté d’Agronomie, Université de Parakou, Bénin. Email: ynerice@gmail.com; rosaine.yegbemey@fa-up.bj\u0000Aline M. Aloukoutou, Bureau de Recherche et de Développement en Agriculture (Breda-ONG). Email: alma_aline@yahoo.com\u0000Ghislain B. D. Aïhounton, Laboratoire d’Analyseet de Recherches sur les Dynamiques Economiques et Sociales (LARDES), Faculté d’Agronomie, Université de Parakou, Bénin. Email: aihountong@gmail.com\u0000\u0000\u0000","PeriodicalId":39851,"journal":{"name":"Africa Development/Afrique et Developpement","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44391869","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This article examines the dimensions of university governance and community relations among five public universities in Ghana. It focuses on how the universities exercise their corporate social responsibility within the communities where they are located. Place building theory was used for analysis. Key informant interviews were conducted within the research areas. Findings from the study show that there are agitations from the universities’ host communities demanding greater social responsibility and engagement. However, whereas some of the universities have developed an interdependent orientation, others have adopted an independent perspective with respect to their surrounding communities. The article recommends that a multi- stakeholder approach involving the universities, surrounding communities, government institutions and other third sector organisations is required to address the developmental needs of the communities. Edmond Akwasi Agyeman, University of Education, Winneba. Email: kwasikyei2004@hotmail.com; eaagyeman@uew.edu.gh Emmanuel M. J. Tamanja, University of Education, Winneba. Email: etamanja13@gmail.com; etamanja@uew.edu.gh Bernard B. B. Bingab, University of Education, Winneba. Email: bbingab@googlemail.com
{"title":"3 - Dimensions of University Governance and Community Relations in Ghana","authors":"Edmond Akwasi Agyeman, E. Tamanja, B. Bingab","doi":"10.57054/ad.v46i1.746","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.57054/ad.v46i1.746","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 \u0000This article examines the dimensions of university governance and community relations among five public universities in Ghana. It focuses on how the universities exercise their corporate social responsibility within the communities where they are located. Place building theory was used for analysis. Key informant interviews were conducted within the research areas. Findings from the study show that there are agitations from the universities’ host communities demanding greater social responsibility and engagement. However, whereas some of the universities have developed an interdependent orientation, others have adopted an independent perspective with respect to their surrounding communities. The article recommends that a multi- stakeholder approach involving the universities, surrounding communities, government institutions and other third sector organisations is required to address the developmental needs of the communities. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Edmond Akwasi Agyeman, University of Education, Winneba. Email: kwasikyei2004@hotmail.com; eaagyeman@uew.edu.gh \u0000 Emmanuel M. J. Tamanja, University of Education, Winneba. Email: etamanja13@gmail.com; etamanja@uew.edu.gh \u0000Bernard B. B. Bingab, University of Education, Winneba. Email: bbingab@googlemail.com \u0000 \u0000 \u0000","PeriodicalId":39851,"journal":{"name":"Africa Development/Afrique et Developpement","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45150233","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Cet article étudie la résistance aux prescriptions dominantes des politiques agricoles développées en Afrique dans le cadre de la nouvelle révolution verte promue depuis le début des années 2000. L’article part de l’étude de cas du Rwanda, un pays considéré comme le success-story de cette révolution verte en Afrique. Il étudie la manière dont la résistance s’y manifeste par rapport aux prescriptions de cette politique agricole. L’article montre que les actes de résistance y sont nombreux et de plus en plus documentés par la littérature dans le domaine du développement rural post-génocide au Rwanda. Cependant, il montre aussi une limite : cette littérature se concentre sur la dichotomie domination/émancipation ou encore pouvoir/résistance par rapport à la norme. Or, cette vision dichotomique entre le pouvoir et la résistance ignore comment, dans la performance même de la norme, la vie des corps – que la norme assujettit – a une agencéité qui peut permettre de subvertir cette norme. Finalement, le cas du Rwanda permettra de montrer qu’en plein conformisme, consciente ou inconsciente de la norme, la résistance est possible grâce à un pouvoir que la vie des corps a sur les normes qui les assujettissent. Aymar Nyenyezi Bisoka, Assistant professor, Université de Mons, Belgique. Email: aymar.nyenyezi@gmail.com; aymar.nyenyezibisoka@umons.ac.be
{"title":"1 - La révolution verte au Rwanda : au-delà de la dichotomie domination et émancipation","authors":"Aymar Nyenyezi Bisoka","doi":"10.57054/ad.v46i1.744","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.57054/ad.v46i1.744","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 \u0000Cet article étudie la résistance aux prescriptions dominantes des politiques agricoles développées en Afrique dans le cadre de la nouvelle révolution verte promue depuis le début des années 2000. L’article part de l’étude de cas du Rwanda, un pays considéré comme le success-story de cette révolution verte en Afrique. Il étudie la manière dont la résistance s’y manifeste par rapport aux prescriptions de cette politique agricole. L’article montre que les actes de résistance y sont nombreux et de plus en plus documentés par la littérature dans le domaine du développement rural post-génocide au Rwanda. Cependant, il montre aussi une limite : cette littérature se concentre sur la dichotomie domination/émancipation ou encore pouvoir/résistance par rapport à la norme. Or, cette vision dichotomique entre le pouvoir et la résistance ignore comment, dans la performance même de la norme, la vie des corps – que la norme assujettit – a une agencéité qui peut permettre de subvertir cette norme. Finalement, le cas du Rwanda permettra de montrer qu’en plein conformisme, consciente ou inconsciente de la norme, la résistance est possible grâce à un pouvoir que la vie des corps a sur les normes qui les assujettissent. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Aymar Nyenyezi Bisoka, Assistant professor, Université de Mons, Belgique. Email: aymar.nyenyezi@gmail.com; aymar.nyenyezibisoka@umons.ac.be \u0000 \u0000 \u0000","PeriodicalId":39851,"journal":{"name":"Africa Development/Afrique et Developpement","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42254799","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
There has always been a war somewhere in the world among Homo sapiens, allegedly the most advanced species in the universe. In Africa, right on the heels of colonialism and the celebration of independence loom the devastation and desolation of war. It is not a sweeping statement to conclude that everywhere colonialism has touched in Africa and let go, ruthless tribal wars have followed suit. The thematic preoccupation of the post-war literature is the training of children, mostly boys, to kill, in the form of the phenomenon of the ‘child soldier’. This article argues that one of the extreme cases of geopolitical illness that Africa suffers is the prominence of war in the turbulent journeys of her nation-states to nationhood. The article also examines the psychological implications of wars and bloodshed on the lives of children, who ought to be protected, which results in illness behaviours. We explore these themes with close reference to Uzodinma Iweala’s Beasts of No Nation. Omon Osiki, Department of History and Strategic Studies, University of Lagos, Nigeria. Email: omonosiki@gmail.com Sola Owonibi, Department of English Studies, Adekunle Ajasin University, Nigeria. Email: solaowonibi@gmail.com; olaowonibi@gmail.com Oluyinka Ojedokun, Department of Pure & Applied Psychology, Adekunle Ajasin University, Nigeria. Email: yinkaoje2004@yahoo.com; inkaoje2004@yahoo.com
在世界的某个地方，智人之间一直有一场战争，据说智人是宇宙中最先进的物种。在非洲，紧随殖民主义和独立庆典之后的是战争的破坏和荒凉。这并不是一个笼统的结论，殖民主义在非洲的任何地方触及并放弃，残酷的部落战争紧随其后。战后文学的主题是训练儿童，主要是男孩，以“童兵”现象的形式进行杀戮。本文认为，非洲遭受的地缘政治疾病的一个极端案例是，在她的民族国家走向独立的动荡旅程中，战争的突出地位。这篇文章还研究了战争和流血对儿童生活的心理影响，这些儿童应该受到保护，从而导致疾病行为。我们通过Uzodinma Iweala的《无境之兽》来探讨这些主题。Omon Osiki，尼日利亚拉各斯大学历史与战略研究系。电子邮件:omonosiki@gmail.com Sola Owonibi，英语研究系，阿贾辛大学，尼日利亚。电子邮件:solaowonibi@gmail.com;olaowonibi@gmail.com Oluyinka Ojedokun，尼日利亚Adekunle Ajasin大学纯粹与应用心理学系。电子邮件:yinkaoje2004@yahoo.com;inkaoje2004@yahoo.com
{"title":"7 - Wars as Postcolonial African Illness in Uzodinma Iweala's Beasts of No Nation","authors":"O. Osiki, S. Owonibi, O. Ojedokun","doi":"10.57054/ad.v46i1.750","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.57054/ad.v46i1.750","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 \u0000There has always been a war somewhere in the world among Homo sapiens, allegedly the most advanced species in the universe. In Africa, right on the heels of colonialism and the celebration of independence loom the devastation and desolation of war. It is not a sweeping statement to conclude that everywhere colonialism has touched in Africa and let go, ruthless tribal wars have followed suit. The thematic preoccupation of the post-war literature is the training of children, mostly boys, to kill, in the form of the phenomenon of the ‘child soldier’. This article argues that one of the extreme cases of geopolitical illness that Africa suffers is the prominence of war in the turbulent journeys of her nation-states to nationhood. The article also examines the psychological implications of wars and bloodshed on the lives of children, who ought to be protected, which results in illness behaviours. We explore these themes with close reference to Uzodinma Iweala’s Beasts of No Nation. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Omon Osiki, Department of History and Strategic Studies, University of Lagos, Nigeria. Email: omonosiki@gmail.com \u0000Sola Owonibi, Department of English Studies, Adekunle Ajasin University, Nigeria. Email: solaowonibi@gmail.com; olaowonibi@gmail.com \u0000Oluyinka Ojedokun, Department of Pure & Applied Psychology, Adekunle Ajasin University, Nigeria. Email: yinkaoje2004@yahoo.com; inkaoje2004@yahoo.com \u0000 \u0000 \u0000","PeriodicalId":39851,"journal":{"name":"Africa Development/Afrique et Developpement","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48690562","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Zahraa McDonald, Y. Sayed, Tarryn de Kock, Nimi Hoffmann
The quality of an education system and the quality of its teachers and teaching are interconnected. Learning to teach and teach meaningfully and equitably is a core priority of education reforms. In this article we reflect on what the process of learning to teach might mean for teachers in an education system. We ask how and to what extent initial teacher education mitigates and reduces education inequities. In particular, we examine the relationship between teaching practice as a core component of initial teacher education and education inequities. The article draws on data examining the nature of student teachers’ experiences of teaching practice in the Western Cape of South Africa. We argue that the data illustrates that teaching practice does indeed invest future teachers with pedagogic authority. As such, it does indeed legitimate the position of student teachers in the classroom and within the education system, albeit with varying and differentiated outcomes for equity. Zahraa McDonald, University of Johannesburg, South Africa. Email: zahraamcdonald@hotmail.com Yusuf Sayed, University of Sussex and Cape Peninsula University of Technology. Email: sayed.cite@gmail.com Tarryn de Kock, Human Sciences Research Council (HSRC), South Africa. Email: tarryngabidekock@gmail.com Nimi Hoffmann, University of Sussex and Cape Peninsula University of Technology. Email: nimi.hoffmann@gmail.com
教育系统的质量及其教师和教学的质量是相互联系的。学会有意义和公平地教学是教育改革的核心优先事项。在这篇文章中，我们反思了学习教学的过程对教育系统中的教师可能意味着什么。我们询问初级教师教育如何以及在多大程度上缓解和减少教育不平等。特别是，我们研究了作为初级教师教育核心组成部分的教学实践与教育不平等之间的关系。本文利用数据考察了南非西开普省学生教师教学实践经验的性质。我们认为，这些数据表明，教学实践确实为未来的教师提供了教育权威。因此，它确实使学生教师在课堂和教育系统中的地位合法，尽管公平的结果各不相同。Zahraa McDonald，南非约翰内斯堡大学。电子邮件：zahraamcdonald@hotmail.com优素福·赛义德，苏塞克斯大学和开普半岛科技大学。电子邮件：sayed.cite@gmail.comTarryn de Kock，南非人类科学研究委员会（HSRC）。电子邮件：tarryngabidekock@gmail.com尼米·霍夫曼，苏塞克斯大学和开普半岛科技大学。电子邮件：nimi.hoffmann@gmail.com
{"title":"2 - Acquiring Pedagogic Authority While Learning to Teach","authors":"Zahraa McDonald, Y. Sayed, Tarryn de Kock, Nimi Hoffmann","doi":"10.57054/ad.v46i1.745","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.57054/ad.v46i1.745","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 \u0000The quality of an education system and the quality of its teachers and teaching are interconnected. Learning to teach and teach meaningfully and equitably is a core priority of education reforms. In this article we reflect on what the process of learning to teach might mean for teachers in an education system. We ask how and to what extent initial teacher education mitigates and reduces education inequities. In particular, we examine the relationship between teaching practice as a core component of initial teacher education and education inequities. The article draws on data examining the nature of student teachers’ experiences of teaching practice in the Western Cape of South Africa. We argue that the data illustrates that teaching practice does indeed invest future teachers with pedagogic authority. As such, it does indeed legitimate the position of student teachers in the classroom and within the education system, albeit with varying and differentiated outcomes for equity. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Zahraa McDonald, University of Johannesburg, South Africa. Email: zahraamcdonald@hotmail.com \u0000Yusuf Sayed, University of Sussex and Cape Peninsula University of Technology. Email: sayed.cite@gmail.com \u0000Tarryn de Kock, Human Sciences Research Council (HSRC), South Africa. Email: tarryngabidekock@gmail.com \u0000Nimi Hoffmann, University of Sussex and Cape Peninsula University of Technology. Email: nimi.hoffmann@gmail.com \u0000 \u0000 \u0000","PeriodicalId":39851,"journal":{"name":"Africa Development/Afrique et Developpement","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43245104","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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