{"title":"Perceptions of Medieval Manuscripts: The Phenomenal Book by Elaine Treharne","authors":"Sonja Drimmer","doi":"10.1353/mns.2023.0008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/mns.2023.0008","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":40527,"journal":{"name":"Manuscript Studies-A Journal of the Schoenberg Institute for Manuscript Studies","volume":"52 4-5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72588627","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
For those of us whose everyday work involves digital medieval studies, it is easy to forget that the pairing of “digital” and “medieval” may seem incongruous and in need of clarification. Old Media and the Medieval Concept: Media Ecologies before Early Modernity takes this explanatory impulse even further, for the collection both assumes a connection and argues for the need to explore it. To wit, the volume’s editors state in their introduction that “there are many urgent reasons to better understand the intuition that forms of medieval texts are uniquely expressive of the forms of digital culture, whose applications extend beyond the merely academic interest that this phenomenon many inspire” (7). The commonalities are puzzled through in an introduction and a series of six thoughtful essays that ruminate on what unites old and new media, thereby inviting readers to think again about the meaning of the concept of media itself. More importantly, the collection asks how and whether the traditions of conceptual exchange have endured despite the oftenunconscious intellectual reflex that tells us that the novel somehow expunges what came before. By grounding terminologies of the digital mindset in their medieval domains, Brandon Hawk’s opening essay immediately refutes the notion that newer forms of expression supersede those of the past. He underscores the lexical relationship of computerenabled concepts to both manual and, by extension, computational labor, which were most visible in the medieval monastic context. For example, Hawk looks first to Isidore for an etymological
{"title":"Old Media and the Medieval Concept: Media Ecologies before Early Modernity ed. by Thora Brylow and Stephen M. Yeager (review)","authors":"L. Morreale","doi":"10.1353/mns.2023.0007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/mns.2023.0007","url":null,"abstract":"For those of us whose everyday work involves digital medieval studies, it is easy to forget that the pairing of “digital” and “medieval” may seem incongruous and in need of clarification. Old Media and the Medieval Concept: Media Ecologies before Early Modernity takes this explanatory impulse even further, for the collection both assumes a connection and argues for the need to explore it. To wit, the volume’s editors state in their introduction that “there are many urgent reasons to better understand the intuition that forms of medieval texts are uniquely expressive of the forms of digital culture, whose applications extend beyond the merely academic interest that this phenomenon many inspire” (7). The commonalities are puzzled through in an introduction and a series of six thoughtful essays that ruminate on what unites old and new media, thereby inviting readers to think again about the meaning of the concept of media itself. More importantly, the collection asks how and whether the traditions of conceptual exchange have endured despite the oftenunconscious intellectual reflex that tells us that the novel somehow expunges what came before. By grounding terminologies of the digital mindset in their medieval domains, Brandon Hawk’s opening essay immediately refutes the notion that newer forms of expression supersede those of the past. He underscores the lexical relationship of computerenabled concepts to both manual and, by extension, computational labor, which were most visible in the medieval monastic context. For example, Hawk looks first to Isidore for an etymological","PeriodicalId":40527,"journal":{"name":"Manuscript Studies-A Journal of the Schoenberg Institute for Manuscript Studies","volume":"15 1","pages":"143 - 146"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81587343","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract:The study of Mughal history has relied extensively on manuscript sources in Persian language, especially court chronicles, travelers' tales, biographical dictionaries, and statistical accounts. Visual evidence, to the limited extent it is identified for study, tends to focus on court paintings, monumental architecture, or exceptional regalia left by royals. This essay breaks new ground by introducing a less elite source with striking visuals that helps to challenge dominant explanations of social change in eighteenth-century India. The source is the Persian diary of a lower-level Mughal bureaucrat named Itimad Ali Khan titled Mirat-ul Ḥaqaiq or Mirror of Events. Produced in the 1720s and acquired by East India Company official James Fraser during his stay in Gujarat, the compendium is now held at the Bodleian Library at Oxford University. We begin by highlighting the cultural environment within which the Mirat-ul Ḥaqaiq was produced, and then present a conjectural interpretation of some stunning and unusual border art set across eight folios of the manuscript. Critical to this effort is an altogether new translation of the 71 lines of poetry that accompany the colorful illustrations. The art sequence tells the tale of a powerful and overconfident Cat King who is unexpectedly defeated by mice underlings. Despite recent scholarship that emphasizes eighteenth-century India as a period of continuity, growth, and economic prosperity, we suggest that for those directly involved in Mughal administration like Itimad Ali Khan, the spirit of the age felt more like one of social decline and political disorder boldly expressed by the topsy-turvy imagery of mice devouring cats.
{"title":"When Mice Eat Cats: An Allegory of Empire as Border Art in the Diary of an Eighteenth-Century Mughal Bureaucrat","authors":"Sudev J Sheth, M. Dawood","doi":"10.1353/mns.2023.0001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/mns.2023.0001","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:The study of Mughal history has relied extensively on manuscript sources in Persian language, especially court chronicles, travelers' tales, biographical dictionaries, and statistical accounts. Visual evidence, to the limited extent it is identified for study, tends to focus on court paintings, monumental architecture, or exceptional regalia left by royals. This essay breaks new ground by introducing a less elite source with striking visuals that helps to challenge dominant explanations of social change in eighteenth-century India. The source is the Persian diary of a lower-level Mughal bureaucrat named Itimad Ali Khan titled Mirat-ul Ḥaqaiq or Mirror of Events. Produced in the 1720s and acquired by East India Company official James Fraser during his stay in Gujarat, the compendium is now held at the Bodleian Library at Oxford University. We begin by highlighting the cultural environment within which the Mirat-ul Ḥaqaiq was produced, and then present a conjectural interpretation of some stunning and unusual border art set across eight folios of the manuscript. Critical to this effort is an altogether new translation of the 71 lines of poetry that accompany the colorful illustrations. The art sequence tells the tale of a powerful and overconfident Cat King who is unexpectedly defeated by mice underlings. Despite recent scholarship that emphasizes eighteenth-century India as a period of continuity, growth, and economic prosperity, we suggest that for those directly involved in Mughal administration like Itimad Ali Khan, the spirit of the age felt more like one of social decline and political disorder boldly expressed by the topsy-turvy imagery of mice devouring cats.","PeriodicalId":40527,"journal":{"name":"Manuscript Studies-A Journal of the Schoenberg Institute for Manuscript Studies","volume":"3 1","pages":"24 - 60"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85330319","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Medieval Bologna: Art for a University City ed. by Trinita Kennedy (review)","authors":"Holly Flora","doi":"10.1353/mns.2023.0012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/mns.2023.0012","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":40527,"journal":{"name":"Manuscript Studies-A Journal of the Schoenberg Institute for Manuscript Studies","volume":"26 2 1","pages":"164 - 167"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86146374","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract:The late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries saw significant growth in the trade in medieval manuscripts in North America and the creation of well-known libraries including the Huntington, Morgan and Walters collections. The men who gave their names to those institutions loom large in the history of collecting, but their libraries would not have been possible without the networks of booksellers who supplied them. The latter included the American George D. Smith and the Briton Bernard Alfred Quaritch. Both men have received some attention from scholars, although much of what is known about them has been based on sources created by those involved in the trade. This essay compares the lives of these two men to examine their actions, motivations and the consequences of these for the movement of medieval manuscripts and the development of collections in the USA.
{"title":"George D. Smith (1870–1920), Bernard Alfred Quaritch (1871–1913), and the Trade in Medieval European Manuscripts in the United States ca. 1890–1920","authors":"L. Cleaver","doi":"10.1353/mns.2023.0002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/mns.2023.0002","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:The late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries saw significant growth in the trade in medieval manuscripts in North America and the creation of well-known libraries including the Huntington, Morgan and Walters collections. The men who gave their names to those institutions loom large in the history of collecting, but their libraries would not have been possible without the networks of booksellers who supplied them. The latter included the American George D. Smith and the Briton Bernard Alfred Quaritch. Both men have received some attention from scholars, although much of what is known about them has been based on sources created by those involved in the trade. This essay compares the lives of these two men to examine their actions, motivations and the consequences of these for the movement of medieval manuscripts and the development of collections in the USA.","PeriodicalId":40527,"journal":{"name":"Manuscript Studies-A Journal of the Schoenberg Institute for Manuscript Studies","volume":"189 1","pages":"61 - 94"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74176010","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A chief challenge that all scholars of premodern Japan are bound to encounter in the course of their careers is acquiring sufficient skills to read and understand komonjo, a term used to describe various types of documents produced before the Meiji period (1868–1912). The challenge is twofold. First, komonjo feature grammatical structures and words that are no longer in use or that have assumed different meanings in modern Japanese. Second, premodern documents are often written using kuzushiji, a cursive style in which the original shape of the characters is altered, thus making the task of reading texts particularly daunting. In Japan, where the field of paleography emerged at the end of the nineteenth century, an abundance of komonjo manuals and dictionaries have been published over the years. Additionally, Japanese universities, museums, and other research institutions routinely offer classes for the study of premodern documents. Outside of Japan, however, opportunities are more limited, despite the initiatives launched in the past decade by European and American universities. In this context, Naohiro Ōta’s volume, Reading Japanese Documents from the Marega Collection, possibly the first komonjo primer in English, is a longawaited and muchneeded contribution. Ōta, a professor at the National Institute of Japanese Literature (Tokyo), developed the volume as a byproduct of an international project involving Japanese and European scholars to catalog and digitize a forgotten collection of premodern Japanese documents donated by Mario Marega, a Salesian missionary to Japan, to the Vatican Apostolic Library in the 1950s. The approximately 14,500 documents that Marega collected during his time in Ōita Prefecture were produced between the seventeenth and the nineteenth
{"title":"Reading Japanese Documents from the Marega Collection: An Introductory Manual with Selected Texts by Naohiro Ōta (review)","authors":"Daniel J. Lauro","doi":"10.1353/mns.2023.0009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/mns.2023.0009","url":null,"abstract":"A chief challenge that all scholars of premodern Japan are bound to encounter in the course of their careers is acquiring sufficient skills to read and understand komonjo, a term used to describe various types of documents produced before the Meiji period (1868–1912). The challenge is twofold. First, komonjo feature grammatical structures and words that are no longer in use or that have assumed different meanings in modern Japanese. Second, premodern documents are often written using kuzushiji, a cursive style in which the original shape of the characters is altered, thus making the task of reading texts particularly daunting. In Japan, where the field of paleography emerged at the end of the nineteenth century, an abundance of komonjo manuals and dictionaries have been published over the years. Additionally, Japanese universities, museums, and other research institutions routinely offer classes for the study of premodern documents. Outside of Japan, however, opportunities are more limited, despite the initiatives launched in the past decade by European and American universities. In this context, Naohiro Ōta’s volume, Reading Japanese Documents from the Marega Collection, possibly the first komonjo primer in English, is a longawaited and muchneeded contribution. Ōta, a professor at the National Institute of Japanese Literature (Tokyo), developed the volume as a byproduct of an international project involving Japanese and European scholars to catalog and digitize a forgotten collection of premodern Japanese documents donated by Mario Marega, a Salesian missionary to Japan, to the Vatican Apostolic Library in the 1950s. The approximately 14,500 documents that Marega collected during his time in Ōita Prefecture were produced between the seventeenth and the nineteenth","PeriodicalId":40527,"journal":{"name":"Manuscript Studies-A Journal of the Schoenberg Institute for Manuscript Studies","volume":"15 1","pages":"152 - 155"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74901222","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
L ike many teachers of the history of medicine, I have resorted to online searches for “medieval medicine” or “medieval health” to find engaging images for my slides and handouts. One of the most common results of these searches is a historiated initial V showing a bloodletting procedure in action: a barbersurgeon is incising a vein on the inner arm of a rosycheeked man, who looks away as his blood flows out into a bowl. This image comes from British Library Sloane MS 2435, the oldest copy of the popular healthcare manual Régime du corps (hereafter Rdc), attributed to Aldobrandino of Siena, personal physician to Countess Beatrice of Savoy. Written in French around 1256, the Rdc is noteworthy as an early example of the vernacularization of learned medicine in later medieval European society. Seventyfive medieval copies of Rdc survive, of which twentythree are illustrated with various depictions of medical treatments, copulation, breastfeeding, drunkenness, clothing, and food. Not surprisingly, many of these illustrations have been reproduced widely to educate, amuse, and titillate modern audiences, but rarely with any documentation or contextualization, leaving students and untrained professors to assume that such illustrations are typical of medieval medical thought and health practices.
像许多医学史教师一样，我也曾在网上搜索“中世纪医学”或“中世纪健康”，为我的幻灯片和讲义寻找吸引人的图片。这些搜索中最常见的结果之一是一个历史悠久的首字母V，显示了正在进行的放血手术:一位理发师正在切开一名红脸男子手臂内侧的静脉，当他的血液流进一个碗时，他把目光移开。这张图片来自大英图书馆Sloane MS 2435，这是流行的医疗手册r gime du corps(以下简称Rdc)最古老的副本，归锡耶纳的Aldobrandino所有，他是萨沃伊伯爵夫人比阿特丽斯的私人医生。Rdc大约在1256年用法语写成，值得注意的是，它是中世纪后期欧洲社会学术医学白话化的早期例子。《Rdc》幸存了75份中世纪副本，其中23份配有各种医疗、交配、母乳喂养、醉酒、服装和食物的插图。毫不奇怪，许多这些插图被广泛复制，以教育、娱乐和刺激现代观众，但很少有任何文档或背景化，让学生和未经训练的教授认为这些插图是典型的中世纪医学思想和健康实践。
{"title":"Visualizing Household Health: Medieval Women, Art, and Knowledge in the Régime du corps by Jennifer Borland (review)","authors":"Winston Black","doi":"10.1353/mns.2023.0011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/mns.2023.0011","url":null,"abstract":"L ike many teachers of the history of medicine, I have resorted to online searches for “medieval medicine” or “medieval health” to find engaging images for my slides and handouts. One of the most common results of these searches is a historiated initial V showing a bloodletting procedure in action: a barbersurgeon is incising a vein on the inner arm of a rosycheeked man, who looks away as his blood flows out into a bowl. This image comes from British Library Sloane MS 2435, the oldest copy of the popular healthcare manual Régime du corps (hereafter Rdc), attributed to Aldobrandino of Siena, personal physician to Countess Beatrice of Savoy. Written in French around 1256, the Rdc is noteworthy as an early example of the vernacularization of learned medicine in later medieval European society. Seventyfive medieval copies of Rdc survive, of which twentythree are illustrated with various depictions of medical treatments, copulation, breastfeeding, drunkenness, clothing, and food. Not surprisingly, many of these illustrations have been reproduced widely to educate, amuse, and titillate modern audiences, but rarely with any documentation or contextualization, leaving students and untrained professors to assume that such illustrations are typical of medieval medical thought and health practices.","PeriodicalId":40527,"journal":{"name":"Manuscript Studies-A Journal of the Schoenberg Institute for Manuscript Studies","volume":"39 1","pages":"160 - 164"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73180045","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract:Evidence of how illumination workshops functioned within commercial manuscript production has, for the most part, been lost to time. Therefore, the remnants of workshop practices that have survived provide a rare window into the inner workings of such workshops. This annotation considers a key system located in the New Haven, Beinecke Rare Book and Manuscript Library, MS 1216, often referred to as the Clumber Park Chartier. It provides some suggestions as to how the key system may have functioned as a form of communication to coordinate members of the illumination workshop.
{"title":"Collaborative Methods: Evidence of Commercial Illumination Workshop Practices in the Beinecke MS 1216","authors":"Kimberly Lifton","doi":"10.1353/mns.2023.0006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/mns.2023.0006","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:Evidence of how illumination workshops functioned within commercial manuscript production has, for the most part, been lost to time. Therefore, the remnants of workshop practices that have survived provide a rare window into the inner workings of such workshops. This annotation considers a key system located in the New Haven, Beinecke Rare Book and Manuscript Library, MS 1216, often referred to as the Clumber Park Chartier. It provides some suggestions as to how the key system may have functioned as a form of communication to coordinate members of the illumination workshop.","PeriodicalId":40527,"journal":{"name":"Manuscript Studies-A Journal of the Schoenberg Institute for Manuscript Studies","volume":"17 1","pages":"129 - 142"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90960000","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract:Beinecke MS 1085, an unprepossessing fragment from a fifteenth century compendium of medical recipes in Middle English, has not at the time of writing ever been transcribed or thoroughly examined. In this paper, I aim to rectify that by transcribing the fragment and producing a thorough palaeographical summary covering its physical features, what little of its history can be found out, its script and dialect, and some of the more notable features of its content.
摘要:《Beinecke MS 1085》是15世纪中古英语医学处方纲要中一个不引人注目的片段，在撰写本文时尚未被转录或彻底检查。在本文中，我的目标是纠正这一点，通过转录碎片，并产生一个全面的古代学摘要，涵盖其物理特征，它的历史可以发现的一点点，它的文字和方言，以及它的内容的一些更显著的特征。
{"title":"Beinecke MS 1085: A Fifteenth-Century Medical Fragment","authors":"Maia R. Béar","doi":"10.1353/mns.2023.0005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/mns.2023.0005","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:Beinecke MS 1085, an unprepossessing fragment from a fifteenth century compendium of medical recipes in Middle English, has not at the time of writing ever been transcribed or thoroughly examined. In this paper, I aim to rectify that by transcribing the fragment and producing a thorough palaeographical summary covering its physical features, what little of its history can be found out, its script and dialect, and some of the more notable features of its content.","PeriodicalId":40527,"journal":{"name":"Manuscript Studies-A Journal of the Schoenberg Institute for Manuscript Studies","volume":"50 1","pages":"111 - 128"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90051315","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract (Lang: English):In winter 1913, the Italian bookdealer Tammaro De Marinis, with his business associate Vittorio Forti, embarked in an ambitious mission: the acquisition in Constantinople of Islamic manuscripts ultimately for purchase by J. P. Morgan. Forti spent about two months there, but his expedition was not as successful as he and De Marinis expected. Moreover, just as the acquired manuscripts began to arrive in Italy, Morgan died, and it took De Marinis more than a decade to find an alternative buyer for the collection, which amounted to more than 400 manuscripts.This article is based on letters sent from Constantinople by Forti to De Marinis. These letters, still unpublished, paint a vivid picture of Forti's hunt for manuscripts in the Ottoman capital during the period of the First Balkan War. They contain glimpses of influential Turkish figures, as well as European intellectuals, diplomats and artists, and colourful local dealers, all of whom Forti depended on to achieve his goals. By today’s standards, Forti's modus operandi would be unacceptable. He was more than willing to bribe officials to obtain manuscripts from public collections and to take advantage of the volatile political situation. His letters seem particularly pertinent today, when museums and public libraries increasingly face questions about the provenance of some of their acquisitions, and as scholars consider new ethical ways of dealing with the problem.
摘要:1913年冬天，意大利书商Tammaro De Marinis和他的商业伙伴Vittorio Forti开始了一项雄心勃勃的任务:在君士坦丁堡收集伊斯兰手稿，最终由j·p·摩根购买。福尔蒂在那里呆了大约两个月，但他的探险并不像他和德马里尼所期望的那样成功。此外，就在获得的手稿开始抵达意大利时，摩根去世了，德马里尼斯花了十多年的时间才找到另一个买家来购买这些多达400多份手稿的收藏。这篇文章是根据福尔蒂从君士坦丁堡寄给马林尼的信改编的。这些尚未发表的信件生动地描绘了福尔蒂在第一次巴尔干战争期间在奥斯曼帝国首都寻找手稿的过程。书中有一些有影响力的土耳其人物，还有欧洲知识分子、外交官和艺术家，以及色彩斑斓的当地商人，这些都是Forti实现目标所依赖的人。按照今天的标准，Forti的做法是不可接受的。他非常愿意贿赂官员，以从公共收藏中获得手稿，并利用动荡的政治局势。他的信件在今天显得尤为贴切，因为博物馆和公共图书馆越来越多地面临着有关其某些藏品出处的问题，学者们也在考虑用新的道德方式来处理这个问题。
{"title":"Tammaro De Marinis, Vittorio Forti, and the Acquisition of Islamic Manuscripts for J. P. Morgan in Constantinople in 1913","authors":"Federico Botana","doi":"10.1353/mns.2022.0016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/mns.2022.0016","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract (Lang: English):In winter 1913, the Italian bookdealer Tammaro De Marinis, with his business associate Vittorio Forti, embarked in an ambitious mission: the acquisition in Constantinople of Islamic manuscripts ultimately for purchase by J. P. Morgan. Forti spent about two months there, but his expedition was not as successful as he and De Marinis expected. Moreover, just as the acquired manuscripts began to arrive in Italy, Morgan died, and it took De Marinis more than a decade to find an alternative buyer for the collection, which amounted to more than 400 manuscripts.This article is based on letters sent from Constantinople by Forti to De Marinis. These letters, still unpublished, paint a vivid picture of Forti's hunt for manuscripts in the Ottoman capital during the period of the First Balkan War. They contain glimpses of influential Turkish figures, as well as European intellectuals, diplomats and artists, and colourful local dealers, all of whom Forti depended on to achieve his goals. By today’s standards, Forti's modus operandi would be unacceptable. He was more than willing to bribe officials to obtain manuscripts from public collections and to take advantage of the volatile political situation. His letters seem particularly pertinent today, when museums and public libraries increasingly face questions about the provenance of some of their acquisitions, and as scholars consider new ethical ways of dealing with the problem.","PeriodicalId":40527,"journal":{"name":"Manuscript Studies-A Journal of the Schoenberg Institute for Manuscript Studies","volume":"44 1","pages":"237 - 269"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76161872","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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