This work aims to study the movie El ultimo cuple (1957, Juan de Orduna), box office success that recovered the eroticism in the national cinematography. After the fortune earned with a radio program on cuples, Orduna, who had previously directed propagandistic works for the Regime, decided to shoot this personal story about a cuple singer. The film is part of the timid opening of the first Francoism, but it predates the modernization of the sixties. Although generally considered moralistic, we believe that it defies the feminine ideal and the Francoist censorship.The main character is a strong and single working woman, who has romantic relationships outside her social class with both older and younger men. She drinks and gambles, and her behavior is openly seductive. Her clothes and makeup challenge the conventional modesty attributed to the ladies and the songs she interprets increase her sensuality. Strongly censured, it is nevertheless an example of the limits that some women crossed during the dictatorship and of the winds of change that were beginning to blow, at least in the public taste. The “Destape” had begun its journey. For this study, we will use the method of Textual Analysis or Text Theory.
{"title":"“El último cuplé” (1957): un desafío femenino en el cine del franquismo","authors":"Ana María Velasco Molpeceres","doi":"10.15366/RHA2019.14.007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15366/RHA2019.14.007","url":null,"abstract":"This work aims to study the movie El ultimo cuple (1957, Juan de Orduna), box office success that recovered the eroticism in the national cinematography. After the fortune earned with a radio program on cuples, Orduna, who had previously directed propagandistic works for the Regime, decided to shoot this personal story about a cuple singer. The film is part of the timid opening of the first Francoism, but it predates the modernization of the sixties. Although generally considered moralistic, we believe that it defies the feminine ideal and the Francoist censorship.The main character is a strong and single working woman, who has romantic relationships outside her social class with both older and younger men. She drinks and gambles, and her behavior is openly seductive. Her clothes and makeup challenge the conventional modesty attributed to the ladies and the songs she interprets increase her sensuality. Strongly censured, it is nevertheless an example of the limits that some women crossed during the dictatorship and of the winds of change that were beginning to blow, at least in the public taste. The “Destape” had begun its journey. For this study, we will use the method of Textual Analysis or Text Theory.","PeriodicalId":40739,"journal":{"name":"Revista Historia Autonoma","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2019-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44726166","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This article undertakes the task of stressing the importance of the biographical projection of its author, the jesuit Luis Coloma (1851-1915), in the novel Pequeneces (1890). Three episodes of the plot are studied, those in which the writer’s life and his own creative imagination converge. Pequeneces is a novel that has received little critical attention in some aspects, mainly in two: the historical content of its plot, and the little importance that has been given to the role of the masonic characters. The novel offers a clear vision of the aristocratic social fabric at the time of the Spanish Sexenio (1868-1874), which is a source for any historian of that period. On the other hand, the presence of Masonry in the plot creates a background worth of further study. In any case, we focus our attention on those scenes in which the biography of the novelist becomes relevant.
{"title":"De la vida a la novela o la historia del Sexenio (1868-1874). Masones y autobiografía en Pequeñeces, de Luis Coloma","authors":"Ricardo Serna Galindo","doi":"10.15366/RHA2019.14.006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15366/RHA2019.14.006","url":null,"abstract":"This article undertakes the task of stressing the importance of the biographical projection of its author, the jesuit Luis Coloma (1851-1915), in the novel Pequeneces (1890). Three episodes of the plot are studied, those in which the writer’s life and his own creative imagination converge. Pequeneces is a novel that has received little critical attention in some aspects, mainly in two: the historical content of its plot, and the little importance that has been given to the role of the masonic characters. The novel offers a clear vision of the aristocratic social fabric at the time of the Spanish Sexenio (1868-1874), which is a source for any historian of that period. On the other hand, the presence of Masonry in the plot creates a background worth of further study. In any case, we focus our attention on those scenes in which the biography of the novelist becomes relevant.","PeriodicalId":40739,"journal":{"name":"Revista Historia Autonoma","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2019-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45710449","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The need for the Portuguese Restoration War arose between 1640 and 1668, becoming imperative the defense of the Alentejo border through the adaptation of the old military defenses and the elaboration of new projects. In this context, the case of the fortification of Evora, in the Alentejo province, stands out. This fortification was one of the most problematic at the time, in terms of projection and the resolution of the works. The influence of some French military engineers who made fortification projects for Evora should be highlighted, giving special focus to the case of the confrontation between the military engineer Pierre de Saint-Colombe and the Portuguese treatise Luis Serrao Pimentel. These analyses will be made from original documentation existing in the National Archive of Torre do Tombo and in the Library of the Ajuda (Lisbon), in the Public Library of Evora, and in the National Library of Spain (Madrid).
葡萄牙复辟战争的需求出现在1640年至1668年间，通过改造旧的军事防御和制定新的项目来保卫阿连特茹边境成为当务之急。在这方面，阿连特茹省埃沃拉防御工事的情况尤为突出。就工程的投影和分辨率而言，这种防御工事是当时最有问题的防御工事之一。应该强调一些为埃沃拉建造防御工事的法国军事工程师的影响，特别关注军事工程师皮埃尔·德·圣科隆贝和葡萄牙论文路易斯·塞拉奥·皮门特尔之间的对抗。这些分析将根据Torre do Tombo国家档案馆、阿朱达图书馆（里斯本）、埃沃拉公共图书馆和西班牙国家图书馆（马德里）现有的原始文件进行。
{"title":"La fortificación de Évora durante la Guerra de Restauración portuguesa: discusiones y desacuerdos","authors":"A. Sousa","doi":"10.15366/RHA2019.14.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15366/RHA2019.14.003","url":null,"abstract":"The need for the Portuguese Restoration War arose between 1640 and 1668, becoming imperative the defense of the Alentejo border through the adaptation of the old military defenses and the elaboration of new projects. In this context, the case of the fortification of Evora, in the Alentejo province, stands out. This fortification was one of the most problematic at the time, in terms of projection and the resolution of the works. The influence of some French military engineers who made fortification projects for Evora should be highlighted, giving special focus to the case of the confrontation between the military engineer Pierre de Saint-Colombe and the Portuguese treatise Luis Serrao Pimentel. These analyses will be made from original documentation existing in the National Archive of Torre do Tombo and in the Library of the Ajuda (Lisbon), in the Public Library of Evora, and in the National Library of Spain (Madrid).","PeriodicalId":40739,"journal":{"name":"Revista Historia Autonoma","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2019-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44279380","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This article analyzes the vision of the Francoist Spain on the so-called “empty chair crisis”, a serious political and institutional conflict that disturbed the European Economic Community for seven months, between 30th June 1965 and 30th January 1966 and which ended with the signing of the Luxembourg Compromise, which partially limited the supranational ambitions of the Hallstein Commission and the Treaties of Rome.The positions adopted by the Francoist government and the newspapers will confirm the existence in Spain of two essential ideas of Europe at the time, two visions largely opposed about the form that should take the Europe of the future and its institutions. On the one hand, the supporters of the progressive integration following a federal model and therefore of the demanding application of the letter and the spirit of the Treaties of Rome,well represented by monarchical newspapers like ABC or La Vanguardia Espanola. On the other hand, the advocates of a Europe of nations, in which the nation-states would maintain intact their sovereignty, and which clearly influenced the Falangist press.
{"title":"La prensa española ante la crisis de la “silla vacía”, 1965-1966","authors":"Álvaro Fleites Marcos","doi":"10.15366/RHA2019.14.008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15366/RHA2019.14.008","url":null,"abstract":"This article analyzes the vision of the Francoist Spain on the so-called “empty chair crisis”, a serious political and institutional conflict that disturbed the European Economic Community for seven months, between 30th June 1965 and 30th January 1966 and which ended with the signing of the Luxembourg Compromise, which partially limited the supranational ambitions of the Hallstein Commission and the Treaties of Rome.The positions adopted by the Francoist government and the newspapers will confirm the existence in Spain of two essential ideas of Europe at the time, two visions largely opposed about the form that should take the Europe of the future and its institutions. On the one hand, the supporters of the progressive integration following a federal model and therefore of the demanding application of the letter and the spirit of the Treaties of Rome,well represented by monarchical newspapers like ABC or La Vanguardia Espanola. On the other hand, the advocates of a Europe of nations, in which the nation-states would maintain intact their sovereignty, and which clearly influenced the Falangist press.","PeriodicalId":40739,"journal":{"name":"Revista Historia Autonoma","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2019-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44554561","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
El populismo constituye un concepto polivalente y disponible en el lenguaje politico latinoamericano desde mediados de los anos cincuenta hasta nuestros dias. A grandes rasgos, la trayectoria del concepto fue desde las primeras definiciones sustancialistas, en sus versiones mas o menos axiologicas y anomalas, hasta los abordajes no sustancialistas producidos hacia finales del siglo xx . El presente trabajo propone mostrar que hacia la decada de los 70 de la mano de la renovacion de la teoria marxista, del pensamiento revolucionario y del enfoque de la dependencia, la polisemia constitutiva del populismo se “enfrento” a un proceso de significacion inverso: la resustancializacion de los conceptos. En un pais como Mexico, donde la Revolucion Mexicana se constituyo como mito fundacional de un Estado que se auto-represento como popular y nacionalista, la emergencia del debate sobre el populismo requirio de un novedoso proceso de innovacion conceptual. Asi, este articulo propone realizar un abordaje historico conceptual del populismo en Mexico durante los anos setenta, focalizando en los modos en que la constitucion del concepto estuvo especialmente imbricada a la (re)significacion de la Revolucion
{"title":"Populismo y revolución en México: reflexiones en torno a los lenguajes políticos durante los años setenta","authors":"A. Magrini","doi":"10.15366/RHA2019.14.010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15366/RHA2019.14.010","url":null,"abstract":"El populismo constituye un concepto polivalente y disponible en el lenguaje politico latinoamericano desde mediados de los anos cincuenta hasta nuestros dias. A grandes rasgos, la trayectoria del concepto fue desde las primeras definiciones sustancialistas, en sus versiones mas o menos axiologicas y anomalas, hasta los abordajes no sustancialistas producidos hacia finales del siglo xx . El presente trabajo propone mostrar que hacia la decada de los 70 de la mano de la renovacion de la teoria marxista, del pensamiento revolucionario y del enfoque de la dependencia, la polisemia constitutiva del populismo se “enfrento” a un proceso de significacion inverso: la resustancializacion de los conceptos. En un pais como Mexico, donde la Revolucion Mexicana se constituyo como mito fundacional de un Estado que se auto-represento como popular y nacionalista, la emergencia del debate sobre el populismo requirio de un novedoso proceso de innovacion conceptual. Asi, este articulo propone realizar un abordaje historico conceptual del populismo en Mexico durante los anos setenta, focalizando en los modos en que la constitucion del concepto estuvo especialmente imbricada a la (re)significacion de la Revolucion","PeriodicalId":40739,"journal":{"name":"Revista Historia Autonoma","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2019-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48413055","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Feminist criticism has been focused on the study of literature written by women, which constitutes the basis to the analysis of the exile texts The Country Under My Skin (El pais bajo mi piel) by Gioconda Belli and Marjane Satrapi (Persepolis). We will also analyse the construction of the image of the revolutionary woman prior exile and the concept of its existence not as a tragic experience, but as the chance for the main female characters to break free socially, sexually and emotionally.
{"title":"El país bajo Persépolis: retratos femeninos del exilio de Gioconda Belli y Marjane Satrapi","authors":"María González-Quevedo","doi":"10.15366/RHA2018.13.012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15366/RHA2018.13.012","url":null,"abstract":"Feminist criticism has been focused on the study of literature written by women, which constitutes the basis to the analysis of the exile texts The Country Under My Skin (El pais bajo mi piel) by Gioconda Belli and Marjane Satrapi (Persepolis). We will also analyse the construction of the image of the revolutionary woman prior exile and the concept of its existence not as a tragic experience, but as the chance for the main female characters to break free socially, sexually and emotionally.","PeriodicalId":40739,"journal":{"name":"Revista Historia Autonoma","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2018-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42247340","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Corrupción, fiscalización y “camaleonismo político” durante la dictadura de Primo de Rivera en la provincia de Alicante","authors":"Jonatan Poveda Jover","doi":"10.15366/rha2018.13.007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15366/rha2018.13.007","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":40739,"journal":{"name":"Revista Historia Autonoma","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2018-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66985123","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"La mala obstetrix y la buena matrona. Estereotipos femeninos en la medicina medieval.","authors":"Paloma Moral de Calatrava","doi":"10.15366/rha2018.13.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15366/rha2018.13.001","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":40739,"journal":{"name":"Revista Historia Autonoma","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2018-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66984966","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
P. Sánchez, R. Martínez, Elena Sánchez de Madariaga, Juan Morales
{"title":"Retrato(s) de Manuel Pérez Ledesma","authors":"P. Sánchez, R. Martínez, Elena Sánchez de Madariaga, Juan Morales","doi":"10.15366/RHA2018.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15366/RHA2018.13","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":40739,"journal":{"name":"Revista Historia Autonoma","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2018-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47156512","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This article discusses the complex links between the parties of the revolutionary left wing and the Argentine working class during the first half of the 1970s. We will specifically examine the proposal developed by Communist Vanguard (Vanguardia Comunista), a party identified with Marxism-Leninism and Maoism. We analyze documents and newsletters produced by this organization to recognize which political proposals were oriented to intervene in the labor movement of Cordoba and what notions transcended those proposals. The fact of understanding VC’s links, the left wing in general as well, with the working class allows us to have sight of the historical complexity that nurtures clasismo as a political proposal from and for the working class.
{"title":"Vinculaciones entre la izquierda revolucionaria y la clase obrera en Argentina en la década de 1970: la política sindical clasista de Vanguardia Comunista","authors":"M. L. Ortiz","doi":"10.15366/RHA2018.13.011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15366/RHA2018.13.011","url":null,"abstract":"This article discusses the complex links between the parties of the revolutionary left wing and the Argentine working class during the first half of the 1970s. We will specifically examine the proposal developed by Communist Vanguard (Vanguardia Comunista), a party identified with Marxism-Leninism and Maoism. We analyze documents and newsletters produced by this organization to recognize which political proposals were oriented to intervene in the labor movement of Cordoba and what notions transcended those proposals. The fact of understanding VC’s links, the left wing in general as well, with the working class allows us to have sight of the historical complexity that nurtures clasismo as a political proposal from and for the working class.","PeriodicalId":40739,"journal":{"name":"Revista Historia Autonoma","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2018-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.15366/RHA2018.13.011","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41887210","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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