Pub Date : 2021-12-29DOI: 10.58221/mosp.v115i4.6793
Ronald Paul
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{"title":"Dunkerley, James (2019), Crusoe And His Consequences. London: OR Books. ISBN 9781682192023","authors":"Ronald Paul","doi":"10.58221/mosp.v115i4.6793","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58221/mosp.v115i4.6793","url":null,"abstract":"<jats:p>--</jats:p>","PeriodicalId":41279,"journal":{"name":"MODERNA SPRAK","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2021-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47557239","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-29DOI: 10.58221/mosp.v115i4.6745
Kamil Długosz
This case study examines transfer effects in the acquisition of grammatical gender in L3/Ln. A learner of L3 Swedish, who had previously acquired two grammatical gender systems: one in his native Polish and the other in his non-native Norwegian, participated in three tasks: an online gender decision task, an offline gender decision task, and a speeded acceptability judgement task on determiner phrases (indefinite article + noun). Accuracy scores in all three tasks reveal robust transfer from Norwegian, but not from Polish. The transfer from Norwegian determines two processes inherent to grammatical gender, i.e. gender assignment and gender concord. However, response latencies in the online gender decision task point to competition between the Norwegian and Swedish gender systems at the level of gender retrieval, suggesting that target-like gender representations in Swedish are developing. Since transfer is traditionally claimed to be situated at the level of linguistic representation, it is assumed that the learner in this study temporarily developed a shared grammatical gender system for Norwegian and Swedish.
{"title":"Transfer effects in gender assignment and gender concord in L3 Swedish: A case study","authors":"Kamil Długosz","doi":"10.58221/mosp.v115i4.6745","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58221/mosp.v115i4.6745","url":null,"abstract":"This case study examines transfer effects in the acquisition of grammatical gender in L3/Ln. A learner of L3 Swedish, who had previously acquired two grammatical gender systems: one in his native Polish and the other in his non-native Norwegian, participated in three tasks: an online gender decision task, an offline gender decision task, and a speeded acceptability judgement task on determiner phrases (indefinite article + noun). Accuracy scores in all three tasks reveal robust transfer from Norwegian, but not from Polish. The transfer from Norwegian determines two processes inherent to grammatical gender, i.e. gender assignment and gender concord. However, response latencies in the online gender decision task point to competition between the Norwegian and Swedish gender systems at the level of gender retrieval, suggesting that target-like gender representations in Swedish are developing. Since transfer is traditionally claimed to be situated at the level of linguistic representation, it is assumed that the learner in this study temporarily developed a shared grammatical gender system for Norwegian and Swedish.","PeriodicalId":41279,"journal":{"name":"MODERNA SPRAK","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2021-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71362260","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-29DOI: 10.58221/mosp.v115i4.6772
Milica Vuković Stamatović, Vesna Bratić
Finding adequate and interesting content is a challenge teachers and writers of foreign language learning materials frequently come across. In this paper, we evaluate how suitable, vocabulary-wise, movie reviews are for English language teaching and learning purposes. Employing the method of lexical frequency profiling, we study a 1.3-million-word corpus of American movie reviews, and find that a knowledge of about 5,000 words is needed to achieve the minimum reading comprehension level (at 95%-vocabulary coverage), whereas as many as 13,000 words are needed for reaching the ideal reading threshold (98%-vocabulary coverage). We conclude that, non-adapted, movie reviews as a genre are only suitable for advanced learners. In addition, the study shows that movie reviews are not an excellent source of formal vocabulary, but are an excellent source of opinion vocabulary, and we therefore suggest that the teaching and learning target in terms of vocabulary for movie reviews in ESL/EFL contexts should be on positive and negative words expressing opinion.
{"title":"How suitable are movie reviews for use as ESL/EFL teaching and reading materials?","authors":"Milica Vuković Stamatović, Vesna Bratić","doi":"10.58221/mosp.v115i4.6772","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58221/mosp.v115i4.6772","url":null,"abstract":"Finding adequate and interesting content is a challenge teachers and writers of foreign language learning materials frequently come across. In this paper, we evaluate how suitable, vocabulary-wise, movie reviews are for English language teaching and learning purposes. Employing the method of lexical frequency profiling, we study a 1.3-million-word corpus of American movie reviews, and find that a knowledge of about 5,000 words is needed to achieve the minimum reading comprehension level (at 95%-vocabulary coverage), whereas as many as 13,000 words are needed for reaching the ideal reading threshold (98%-vocabulary coverage). We conclude that, non-adapted, movie reviews as a genre are only suitable for advanced learners. In addition, the study shows that movie reviews are not an excellent source of formal vocabulary, but are an excellent source of opinion vocabulary, and we therefore suggest that the teaching and learning target in terms of vocabulary for movie reviews in ESL/EFL contexts should be on positive and negative words expressing opinion.","PeriodicalId":41279,"journal":{"name":"MODERNA SPRAK","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2021-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71362316","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-29DOI: 10.58221/mosp.v115i4.6790
Britt-Marie Ek, Mikael Nystrand
Im vorliegenden Artikel wird diskutiert, mit welchen Lexemen auf Hunde und Katzen in Tierverkaufsanzeigen Bezug genommen wird und wie das biologische Geschlecht der zu verkaufenden Tiere sprachlich ausgedrückt wird. Eine zentrale Frage ist dabei, inwiefern die epicoenen Hyperonyme Hund und Katze oder geschlechtsinhärente Hyponyme wie Hündin und Kater zum Einsatz kommen. Untersucht werden 200 Anzeigen, in denen Tiere zum Verkauf angeboten werden oder für spezifische Zwecke gesucht werden. Der Ausgangspunkt der Arbeit ist, dass in erster Linie für Geschlecht markierte Hyponyme zu erwarten sind und dass das Vorkommen dieser geschlechtsinhärenten Lexeme mit dem Grad der Referenzialität und mit Spezifizierung/Individualisierung korreliert. Die Studie zeigt, dass neben anderen sprachlichen Mitteln wie grammatischen Endungen und Anthropomorphisierung der Tiere geschlechtsinhärente Hyponyme in unterschiedlichem Grade verwendet werden, um Sexus auszudrücken. Jedoch können die beiden Hyperonyme Hund und Katze auch zur Geschlechtsspezifizierung männlicher wie auch weiblicher Tiere Anwendung finden.
{"title":"Hund oder Hündin, Katze oder Kater? Zum Verhältnis von Genus und Sexus in Tierverkaufsanzeigen","authors":"Britt-Marie Ek, Mikael Nystrand","doi":"10.58221/mosp.v115i4.6790","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58221/mosp.v115i4.6790","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Im vorliegenden Artikel wird diskutiert, mit welchen Lexemen auf Hunde und Katzen in Tierverkaufsanzeigen Bezug genommen wird und wie das biologische Geschlecht der zu verkaufenden Tiere sprachlich ausgedrückt wird. Eine zentrale Frage ist dabei, inwiefern die epicoenen Hyperonyme Hund und Katze oder geschlechtsinhärente Hyponyme wie Hündin und Kater zum Einsatz kommen. Untersucht werden 200 Anzeigen, in denen Tiere zum Verkauf angeboten werden oder für spezifische Zwecke gesucht werden. Der Ausgangspunkt der Arbeit ist, dass in erster Linie für Geschlecht markierte Hyponyme zu erwarten sind und dass das Vorkommen dieser geschlechtsinhärenten Lexeme mit dem Grad der Referenzialität und mit Spezifizierung/Individualisierung korreliert.\u0000Die Studie zeigt, dass neben anderen sprachlichen Mitteln wie grammatischen Endungen und Anthropomorphisierung der Tiere geschlechtsinhärente Hyponyme in unterschiedlichem Grade verwendet werden, um Sexus auszudrücken. Jedoch können die beiden Hyperonyme Hund und Katze auch zur Geschlechtsspezifizierung männlicher wie auch weiblicher Tiere Anwendung finden.\u0000","PeriodicalId":41279,"journal":{"name":"MODERNA SPRAK","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2021-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48692369","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-29DOI: 10.58221/mosp.v115i4.6769
Paulus Tiozzo
This article is an empirical study of the reception of National Socialism by a selection of members of the Nobel Committee of the Swedish Academy. Its purpose is firstly to offer an explanation how impressions of the German political field during the 1920s and 1940s affected the evaluation of German Nobel Prize candidates. Secondly, it offers a critical overview of the ambivalent relationship that the members had to the Nazi ideology. Although they were all essentially critical, they sympathised with certain elements of it, including a fascination for Adolf Hitler. All these conclusions are derived from an analysis of original documents, including letters, reviews, reports and protocols from the archives of the Swedish Academy.
{"title":"Die Schwedische Akademie und der Nationalsozialismus","authors":"Paulus Tiozzo","doi":"10.58221/mosp.v115i4.6769","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58221/mosp.v115i4.6769","url":null,"abstract":"This article is an empirical study of the reception of National Socialism by a selection of members of the Nobel Committee of the Swedish Academy. Its purpose is firstly to offer an explanation how impressions of the German political field during the 1920s and 1940s affected the evaluation of German Nobel Prize candidates. Secondly, it offers a critical overview of the ambivalent relationship that the members had to the Nazi ideology. Although they were all essentially critical, they sympathised with certain elements of it, including a fascination for Adolf Hitler. All these conclusions are derived from an analysis of original documents, including letters, reviews, reports and protocols from the archives of the Swedish Academy.","PeriodicalId":41279,"journal":{"name":"MODERNA SPRAK","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2021-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71362288","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-29DOI: 10.58221/mosp.v115i4.6784
E. Piechurska-Kuciel, Katarzyna Ożańska-Ponikwia, Katarzyna Skałacka
This study focuses on the role of neuroticism in shaping L1 and L2 users’ communicative behaviour, as represented by the L1/L2 users’ willingness to communicate (WTC). It was expected that this relationship could be explained by language-specific forms of anxiety: communication apprehension (CA) in L1 communication, and language anxiety (LA) in L2 communication. The participants were 621 Polish secondary grammar school students at the intermediate to upper-intermediate levels of English proficiency. Two mediation analyses revealed that for L1 communication, neuroticism was significantly related to WTC, with CA mediating this relationship. For L2 communication, in contrast, this relationship could be observed only when controlling for LA, which suppressed the link between neuroticism and WTC. These findings suggest that the effect of neuroticism on the willingness to communicate is indirect in L2 communication, and detectable with the mediation of language anxiety. It can thus be concluded that the link between personality and aspects of communicative behaviour is likely to be language-dependent, suggesting that it may be necessary to apply more refined research models when assessing L2 effects.
{"title":"Can the neuroticism-willingness to communicate relationship across languages be explained by anxiety?","authors":"E. Piechurska-Kuciel, Katarzyna Ożańska-Ponikwia, Katarzyna Skałacka","doi":"10.58221/mosp.v115i4.6784","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58221/mosp.v115i4.6784","url":null,"abstract":"This study focuses on the role of neuroticism in shaping L1 and L2 users’ communicative behaviour, as represented by the L1/L2 users’ willingness to communicate (WTC). It was expected that this relationship could be explained by language-specific forms of anxiety: communication apprehension (CA) in L1 communication, and language anxiety (LA) in L2 communication. The participants were 621 Polish secondary grammar school students at the intermediate to upper-intermediate levels of English proficiency. Two mediation analyses revealed that for L1 communication, neuroticism was significantly related to WTC, with CA mediating this relationship. For L2 communication, in contrast, this relationship could be observed only when controlling for LA, which suppressed the link between neuroticism and WTC. These findings suggest that the effect of neuroticism on the willingness to communicate is indirect in L2 communication, and detectable with the mediation of language anxiety. It can thus be concluded that the link between personality and aspects of communicative behaviour is likely to be language-dependent, suggesting that it may be necessary to apply more refined research models when assessing L2 effects.","PeriodicalId":41279,"journal":{"name":"MODERNA SPRAK","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2021-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71362321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-29DOI: 10.58221/mosp.v115i4.6763
Marta Sobieszewska
Dans cette contribution, nous voulons proposer une analyse exploratoire qui permettra de découvrir des mécanismes référentiels relevés dans les arrêts de la Cour de Cassation. Plus exactement, nous nous proposons ici d’étudier comment la Haute juridiction de l’ordre judiciaire français dispose le texte, manie l’anaphore et opère des désignations et des référenciations, dans le but de faciliter la compréhension du texte, d’éviter toute ambiguïté (source possible de flagrantes erreurs d’interprétation), et de rendre le discours clair, cohérent et concis. L’analyse des formes anaphoriques démonstratives spécialisées dans le contrôle des risques d’ambiguïté (Charolles : 1995), telles que ledit, susdit, celui-ci, ce dernier... etc. et des pronoms relatifs (lequel), nous permettra de montrer la gestion des risques d’ambiguïté référentielle dans les arrêts. This contribution has taken up the results of an analysis centered on a particular type of legal discourse, a type that tradition raises as a paragon of clarity and precision, and which is expressed in the judgments of the French Court of Cassation. Our objective was to describe the specificity of referential processes and referential interpretation treatment in the texts of the judgments, putting into play the particular context of enunciation and legal knowledge. The analysis of the demonstrative anaphoric forms specialized in the control of the risks of ambiguity (Charolles: 1995), such as ledit, susdit, celui-ci, ce dernier, etc., used to identify the "true" referent among several potential candidates, allowed us to show how the Court controls and manages the potential risks of referential confusion.
在本文中，我们希望提出一项探索性分析，以发现最高法院判决中确定的参考机制。,更确切地说,我们这里探索法国最高司法管辖规定案文,噜l’anaphore并操作名称和référenciations,为了便于理解文本时,尽量避免含糊不清(源因严重误解),并使话语简练、明确和连贯的。分析专门用于控制歧义风险的指示性表达形式(Charolles: 1995)，如上述，上述，后者…等和关系代词(who)，将允许我们展示在判断中引用歧义风险的管理。本文介绍了以一种特殊类型的法律论述为中心的分析结果，这种法律论述传统上被认为是明确性和精确性的典范，并在法国最高法院的判决中得到了表达。我们的目的是描述判决文本中参照程序和参照解释处理的特殊性，使表述和法律知识的特殊背景发挥作用。analysis of The demonstrative anaphoric forms in control of The专门的风险》(ambiguity区:1995),该证据,such as,后者则等几种used to The true”,结果在查明潜在候选人,但车子us to show》(how The Court controls and The婚姻到潜在风险》referential混淆。
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Pub Date : 2021-12-29DOI: 10.58221/mosp.v115i4.6766
Habib Teki̇n
Sally Perel is a German-Jewish author and Holocaust survivor. During WW2, he tried to protect himself by camouflaging as an ‘Arian’ member of the Hitler Youth, thereby leading a double life as a perpetrator and victim in one person. In Perel, these two identities got along like fire and water and were still present in the same body. This article explores Perel’s autobiography entitled Ich war Hitlerjunge Salomon, focusing on the representation of life experiences and the depiction of National Socialist mechanisms through the eyes of a contemporary witness. Based on theories by Theodor W. Adorno, this study analyzes Perel’s text as an example of the resistance against forgetting and the conscious memorization of atrocities. Thus, Perel’s text is regarded against the backdrop of Adorno's theories, such as Erziehung zur Entbarbarisierung, Erziehung zur Mündigkeit, Erziehung nach Auschwitz and Aufarbeitung der Vergangenheit. Subsequently, it is investigated with focus on the (im)possibility of existence. In other words, Perel’s opposing life as a member of the Hitler Youth and a Jew but also his identification with those ethnicities are illustrated in the given paper.
{"title":"Die (Un)möglichkeit des Seins in Sally Perels Autobiografie Ich war Hitlerjunge Salomon","authors":"Habib Teki̇n","doi":"10.58221/mosp.v115i4.6766","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58221/mosp.v115i4.6766","url":null,"abstract":"Sally Perel is a German-Jewish author and Holocaust survivor. During WW2, he tried to protect himself by camouflaging as an ‘Arian’ member of the Hitler Youth, thereby leading a double life as a perpetrator and victim in one person. In Perel, these two identities got along like fire and water and were still present in the same body.\u0000This article explores Perel’s autobiography entitled Ich war Hitlerjunge Salomon, focusing on the representation of life experiences and the depiction of National Socialist mechanisms through the eyes of a contemporary witness. Based on theories by Theodor W. Adorno, this study analyzes Perel’s text as an example of the resistance against forgetting and the conscious memorization of atrocities.\u0000Thus, Perel’s text is regarded against the backdrop of Adorno's theories, such as Erziehung zur Entbarbarisierung, Erziehung zur Mündigkeit, Erziehung nach Auschwitz and Aufarbeitung der Vergangenheit. Subsequently, it is investigated with focus on the (im)possibility of existence. In other words, Perel’s opposing life as a member of the Hitler Youth and a Jew but also his identification with those ethnicities are illustrated in the given paper.","PeriodicalId":41279,"journal":{"name":"MODERNA SPRAK","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2021-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71362281","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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