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Hydrophilic polymers: Current trends and visions for the future 亲水聚合物:当前趋势和对未来的展望
IF 27.1 1区 化学 Q1 POLYMER SCIENCE Pub Date : 2023-10-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2023.101753
Niamh Bayliss, Bernhard V.K.J. Schmidt

Hydrophilic polymers are a major class of polymers in polymer science. They are found in a broad range of applications from superabsorbers to drug-delivery. In recent years, a plethora of impactful developments in hydrophilic polymers have been reported. The present review gives an overview over these developments with a focus on frequently studied polymer types, aqueous multi-phase systems, hydrophilic block copolymer self-assembly and hydrophilic polymer particles. We cover fundamental work and concepts but also present work with high relevance for application. Finally, we give an outlook towards current challenges and future developments of the field. The further development of hydrophilic polymer is of great importance for a broad range of applications and will have a significant impact on biomedicine and every-day life.

亲水聚合物是高分子科学中的一类主要聚合物。它们被广泛应用于从高吸附剂到药物输送的各个领域。近年来,在亲水性聚合物的大量有影响的发展已被报道。本文综述了这方面的研究进展,重点介绍了研究较多的聚合物类型、水相体系、亲水性嵌段共聚物自组装和亲水性聚合物颗粒。我们涵盖了基础工作和概念,但也提出了与应用高度相关的工作。最后,对该领域当前的挑战和未来的发展进行了展望。亲水聚合物的进一步发展具有广泛的应用前景,将对生物医学和日常生活产生重大影响。
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引用次数: 0
Sequence- and stereo-defined macromolecules: Properties and emerging functionalities 序列和立体定义的大分子:性质和新功能
IF 27.1 1区 化学 Q1 POLYMER SCIENCE Pub Date : 2023-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2023.101737
Roza Szweda

Natural macromolecules, such as proteins and nucleic acids, display various complex functionalities in biological systems. These functionalities depend on the macromolecular structure, which is determined by the sequence of monomers as well as stereochemical factors. Over the past decade, synthetic methods have evolved to enable complete control over sequential monomer assembly. The precise control over the primary structure of abiotic macromolecules holds the promise to realize complex functionality, similar to natural biopolymers. One of the key features in biological processes involves chirality. Therefore, stereochemical considerations are a prerequisite for mimicking biological systems using synthetic polymers. Here, the progress made in the field of stereo-controlled, sequence-defined polymers is summarised. The impact of monomer sequence and stereocontrol on the physicochemical properties of polymers and their emerging functions is discussed, which underlines the importance of controlling macromolecular structure with high precision. In addition to describing synthetic methods leading to stereocontrolled and sequence-defined macromolecules, limitations and problems in their fabrication are highlighted. The review also includes examples showing how sequence and stereocontrol affect the thermal properties and degradation of polymers, which are critical in the engineering and application of polymer materials. The secondary and tertiary structures are responsible for the functions of natural polymers; therefore, the ability of abiotic macromolecules to fold and self-assemble is discussed in detail, with an emphasis on systems beyond polyamides related to protein skeletons. Furthermore, examples of functions that have been displayed by abiotic macromolecules of defined sequence and chirality are presented. The review article focuses on discrete macromolecules built based on abiotic backbones, including oligomers. In the concluding section, the collected examples are used to elucidate how monomer arrangement and stereocontrol can bring abiotic polymers to a high level of functionality, as manifested by natural macromolecules.

天然大分子,如蛋白质和核酸,在生物系统中显示出各种复杂的功能。这些功能取决于大分子结构,而大分子结构是由单体序列和立体化学因素决定的。在过去的十年中,合成方法已经发展到能够完全控制顺序单体组装。对非生物大分子初级结构的精确控制有望实现类似于天然生物聚合物的复杂功能。生物过程的关键特征之一涉及手性。因此,立体化学的考虑是使用合成聚合物模拟生物系统的先决条件。本文综述了立体控制、序列定义聚合物领域的研究进展。讨论了单体序列和立体控制对聚合物理化性质及其新功能的影响,强调了高精度控制大分子结构的重要性。除了描述导致立体控制和序列定义大分子的合成方法外,还强调了其制造中的局限性和问题。这篇综述还包括一些例子,展示了序列和立体控制如何影响聚合物的热性能和降解,这在聚合物材料的工程和应用中是至关重要的。二级和三级结构负责天然聚合物的功能;因此,本文详细讨论了非生物大分子折叠和自组装的能力,重点讨论了与蛋白质骨架相关的聚酰胺以外的系统。此外,还介绍了具有确定序列和手性的非生物大分子所显示的功能的例子。综述了以非生物骨架为基础构建的离散大分子,包括低聚物。在结束语部分,所收集的例子将用于阐明单体排列和立体控制如何使非生物聚合物具有高水平的功能,如天然大分子所表现的那样。
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引用次数: 0
Polymerization‐induced microphase separation of a polymerization mixture into nanostructured block polymer materials 聚合诱导聚合混合物微相分离成纳米结构嵌段聚合物材料
IF 27.1 1区 化学 Q1 POLYMER SCIENCE Pub Date : 2023-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2023.101738
Taeseok Oh , Suchan Cho , Changsu Yoo , Wonjune Yeo , Jinyeong Oh , Myungeun Seo

Block polymers comprising covalently joined polymeric segments represent a class of nanostructured, multicomponent polymeric materials. Polymerization-induced microphase separation (PIMS) is an intriguing subset that allows for simultaneous nanostructuring during block polymer synthesis. In contrast to polymerization-induced self-assembly (PISA), useful for the spontaneous formation of block polymer micelles, PIMS is well suited to fabricating monolithic block polymer materials by turning a whole polymerization mixture into a nanostructured solid. With the in situ cross-linking feature, PIMS offers a facile route to nanostructured block polymer thermosets in combination with various polymerization techniques, from emulsion polymerization to 3D printing. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview and practical guide on PIMS by covering its historical background and mechanistic aspects and also highlighting representative material classes and applicable polymerization techniques.

嵌段聚合物由共价连接的聚合物段组成,是一类纳米结构的多组分聚合物材料。聚合诱导微相分离(PIMS)是一个有趣的子集,允许在嵌段聚合物合成过程中同时进行纳米结构。与聚合诱导自组装(PISA)相比,PIMS更适合于通过将整个聚合混合物转变为纳米结构固体来制造整体块体聚合物材料。凭借原位交联的特点,PIMS提供了一种简单的途径,可以结合各种聚合技术,从乳液聚合到3D打印,制造纳米结构的嵌段聚合物热固性聚合物。本文综述了PIMS的历史背景和机理,重点介绍了具有代表性的材料类别和适用的聚合技术。
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引用次数: 1
Regulating cationic polymerization: From structural control to life cycle management 调节阳离子聚合:从结构控制到生命周期管理
IF 27.1 1区 化学 Q1 POLYMER SCIENCE Pub Date : 2023-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2023.101736
Lianqian Wu, Brayan Rondon, Shoshana Dym, Wenqi Wang, Kuiru Chen, Jia Niu

Cationic polymerization is a powerful strategy for the production of well-defined polymers and advanced materials. In particular, the emergence of living cationic polymerization has enabled pathways to complex polymer architectures inaccessible before. The use of light and electricity as external stimuli to regulate cationic polymerization represents another advance with increasing applications in surface fabrication and patterning, additive manufacturing, and other advanced material engineering. The past decade also witnessed vigorous progress in stereoselective cationic polymerizations, allowing for the dual control of both the tacticity and the molecular weight of vinyl polymers towards precision polymers. In addition, in addressing the plastics pollution crisis and achieving a circular materials economy, cationic polymerization offers unique advantages for generating chemically recyclable polymers, such as polyacetals, polysaccharides, polyvinyl ethers, and polyethers. In this review, we provide an overview of recent developments in regulating cationic polymerization, including emerging control systems, spatiotemporally controlled polymerization (light and electricity), stereoselective polymerization, and chemically recyclable/degradable polymers. Hopefully, these discussions will help to stimulate new ideas for the further development of cationic polymerization for researchers in the field of polymer science and beyond.

阳离子聚合是一种强大的策略,为生产明确的聚合物和先进的材料。特别是,活性阳离子聚合的出现使得以前无法获得复杂聚合物结构的途径成为可能。利用光和电作为外部刺激来调节阳离子聚合代表了在表面制造和图案、增材制造和其他先进材料工程中越来越多的应用的另一个进步。在过去的十年中,立体选择性阳离子聚合也取得了长足的进展,使得乙烯基聚合物的分子量和分子量向精密聚合物方向的双重控制成为可能。此外,在解决塑料污染危机和实现循环材料经济方面,阳离子聚合为生产化学可回收聚合物提供了独特的优势,如聚缩醛、多糖、聚乙烯醚和聚醚。在这篇综述中,我们概述了阳离子聚合调控的最新进展,包括新兴的控制系统、时空控制聚合(光和电)、立体选择聚合和化学可回收/可降解聚合物。希望这些讨论将有助于激发聚合物科学和其他领域的研究人员对阳离子聚合的进一步发展的新思路。
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引用次数: 1
Polythiourethanes: Synthesis, applications, and opportunities 聚硫脲:合成、应用和机遇
IF 27.1 1区 化学 Q1 POLYMER SCIENCE Pub Date : 2023-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2023.101735
Xabier Lopez de Pariza , Paula Fanlo , Lucas Polo Fonseca , Alaitz Ruiz de Luzuriaga , Haritz Sardon

Concern over the production, use, and disposal of polymeric materials have led to increased societal pressure to search for sustainable alternatives that are better aligned with circular economy models. In this regard, polythiourethanes are a relatively unknown polymer family with similar properties and potential applications to conventional polyurethanes, but with enhanced dynamic behavior. This dynamic behavior allows for improved recyclability and for reprocessing at milder conditions without diminishing physical or mechanical properties. In this review article, we report a comprehensive summary of the work covering polythiourethanes, which from our perspective constitute an interesting alternative to tackle environmental issues arising from plastic waste. The review first covers the main synthetic routes for the preparation of polythiourethanes with a particular focus on catalysis and non-isocyanate routes. Subsequently, the thermo-mechanical and optical properties of polythiourethane materials are discussed, highlighting the similarities and differences concerning polyurethanes. Following this, the opportunities arising from the enhanced dynamic character of the thiourethane bond are considered, emphasizing works covering the chemical recycling and/or reprocessing of polythiourethane thermosets. Finally, we discuss their use for advanced applications and current advanced manufacturing processes and highlight our perspective on the future challenges and opportunities offered by polythiourethane materials.

对聚合物材料的生产、使用和处置的关注导致了寻找更符合循环经济模式的可持续替代品的社会压力的增加。在这方面,聚硫脲是一个相对未知的聚合物家族,具有与传统聚氨酯相似的性能和潜在的应用,但具有增强的动态行为。这种动态行为可以提高可回收性,并在较温和的条件下进行再加工,而不会降低物理或机械性能。在这篇综述文章中,我们全面总结了有关聚硫脲的工作,从我们的角度来看,聚硫脲是解决塑料废物引起的环境问题的一个有趣的替代方案。本文首先综述了聚硫脲的主要合成路线,重点介绍了催化和非异氰酸酯合成路线。随后,讨论了聚硫聚氨酯材料的热机械和光学性能,突出了聚氨酯的异同。在此之后,考虑了硫脲键的增强动态特性所带来的机会,强调了涉及聚硫脲热固性材料的化学回收和/或再加工的工作。最后,我们讨论了它们在先进应用和当前先进制造工艺中的应用,并强调了我们对聚硫聚氨酯材料未来挑战和机遇的看法。
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引用次数: 0
Advances and prospects of RAFT polymerization-derived nanomaterials in MRI-assisted biomedical applications RAFT聚合纳米材料在MRI辅助生物医学应用中的进展与展望
IF 27.1 1区 化学 Q1 POLYMER SCIENCE Pub Date : 2023-09-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2023.101739
Wei Zhao , Chenlong Li , Jun Chang , Huimin Zhou , Deshuo Wang , Jingjiang Sun , Tianqing Liu , Hui Peng , Qingfu Wang , Yanan Li , Andrew K. Whittaker

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is recognized as the most powerful clinical imaging modality due to its ability to produce detailed three-dimensional anatomical images and high spatial resolution in a non-invasive manner without the use of harmful radioactive nuclides or ionizing radiation. Conventional small molecule contrast agents (CAs) for MRI, such as paramagnetic transition metal ion chelates or iron oxide nanoparticles, are limited by lower relaxivity, shorter blood circulation time and their potential toxic effects. Functional polymers capable of being detected by MRI have therefore become attractive, offering the unique advantage of pre-design due to their chemical flexibility, structural diversity, and tailoring of properties. Reversible addition-fragmentation chain-transfer (RAFT) polymerization is a powerful tool that not only enables the precise formation of macromolecular building blocks with complex structures and functions, but also provides a direct method for preparation of polymeric nanoparticles with multiple morphologies suitable for biomedical applications. In addition, when combining RAFT polymers with inorganic/metallic complex nanocomposites, the polymer provides the ability to encapsulate therapeutic molecules, thereby combining diagnostic and therapeutic functions in what is known as a theranostic nanomedicine. In this review, we highlight recent advances in the development of multifunctional polymers as MRI CAs designed and prepared by RAFT polymerization and their performance in diagnosis and treatment of disease. In addition, the review will address the challenges and future opportunities for RAFT-mediated MRI-based theranostics in guiding the treatment of diseases including malignant tumors.

磁共振成像(MRI)被认为是最强大的临床成像模式,因为它能够在不使用有害放射性核素或电离辐射的情况下以非侵入性的方式产生详细的三维解剖图像和高空间分辨率。用于MRI的常规小分子造影剂(CA),如顺磁性过渡金属离子螯合物或氧化铁纳米颗粒,受到较低的弛豫性、较短的血液循环时间及其潜在毒性影响的限制。因此,能够通过MRI检测的功能性聚合物变得很有吸引力,由于其化学灵活性、结构多样性和特性的定制,提供了预设计的独特优势。可逆加成-断裂链转移(RAFT)聚合是一种强大的工具,它不仅能够精确形成具有复杂结构和功能的大分子构建块,而且为制备适合生物医学应用的多种形态的聚合物纳米颗粒提供了一种直接的方法。此外,当将RAFT聚合物与无机/金属复合物纳米复合物相结合时,该聚合物提供了封装治疗分子的能力,从而在所谓的治疗纳米医学中结合诊断和治疗功能。在这篇综述中,我们重点介绍了通过RAFT聚合设计和制备的多功能聚合物作为MRI CA的最新进展及其在疾病诊断和治疗中的性能。此外,这篇综述将探讨RAFT介导的基于MRI的治疗方法在指导包括恶性肿瘤在内的疾病治疗方面的挑战和未来机遇。
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引用次数: 0
Polymer-based triboelectric nanogenerators: Materials, characterization, and applications 聚合物基摩擦纳米发电机:材料、表征和应用
IF 27.1 1区 化学 Q1 POLYMER SCIENCE Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2023.101723
Mina Shanbedi , Haleh Ardebili , Alamgir Karim

Triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs), a nascent field in energy conversion technologies, provide a novel approach to producing electrical energy from mechanical motion in the surrounding environment.Polymers play a key role in the functioning of TENGs through their exceptional triboelectric properties, with most triboelectric active materials being polymeric with negative affinity potential. Since there are many scientific issues that are not well understood yet regarding the working mechanism and fundamental issues regarding the role of polymers in TENGs, this review covers TENG fundamentals and effects of environmental parameters and provides a deep analytical analysis of important literature studies of TENGs. Although TENGs generate high voltage, their current generation is usually in the microamp range. Modifying polymer dielectric materials has been much investigated to enhance the output performance of TENGs. This article provides a comprehensive review of various polymer modification categories and associated performance enhancement with an analysis and comparison of research results to help grasp the big picture on the role of polymer modification on TENG performance. Specifically, the source of triboelectrification and updated knowledge about their working principle, and the quantified comparison of triboelectric material are discussed. Then physical nano and microstructure and the effect of TENG material shape on the output are brought into the discussion. Equally, the important role of chemical modification of triboelectric active polymer by way of categorization of methods and their effect on electricity generation is put under focus. In order to enhance the triboelectric negativity of polymer properties, it is useful to introduce chemical groups with high negativity, such as halogens. This can be achieved through several methods, including using a sulfur backbone or casting fluorinated self-assembly monolayers (SAMs), and the impact on TENGs' performance is explored. Furthermore, the addition of fillers to polymers is a proven technique for increasing their dielectric constant, which is emphasized as particularly significant.

摩擦电纳米发电机(TENGs)是能量转换技术的一个新兴领域,它提供了一种从周围环境的机械运动中产生电能的新方法。聚合物通过其特殊的摩擦电特性在teng的功能中起着关键作用,大多数摩擦电活性材料是具有负亲和电位的聚合物。鉴于聚合物在TENG中的作用机理和基础问题等科学问题尚不清楚,本文综述了TENG的基本原理和环境参数的影响,并对重要的文献研究进行了深入的分析分析。虽然teng产生高电压,但它们的电流产生通常在微安范围内。人们对聚合物介质材料进行改性以提高teng的输出性能进行了大量研究。本文全面综述了各种聚合物改性类别和相关的性能增强,并对研究结果进行了分析和比较,以帮助掌握聚合物改性对TENG性能的作用。具体地说,讨论了摩擦起电的来源及其工作原理的最新知识,以及摩擦起电材料的量化比较。然后讨论了物理纳米和微观结构以及材料形状对输出的影响。同时,通过对摩擦电活性聚合物的化学改性方法的分类及其对发电的影响,重点阐述了化学改性对摩擦电活性聚合物的重要作用。为了提高聚合物的摩擦电负性,引入卤素等具有高负性的化学基团是有益的。这可以通过几种方法实现,包括使用硫骨架或铸造氟化自组装单层(sam),并探讨了对teng性能的影响。此外,向聚合物中添加填料是一种经过验证的提高其介电常数的技术,这一点特别重要。
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引用次数: 4
Promising strategies and new opportunities for high barrier polymer packaging films 高阻隔聚合物包装薄膜的发展前景与新机遇
IF 27.1 1区 化学 Q1 POLYMER SCIENCE Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2023.101722
Hua-Dong Huang , Peng-Gang Ren , Gan-Ji Zhong , Andrew Olah , Zhong-Ming Li , Eric Baer , Lei Zhu

The past decades have witnessed the rapidly growing interest in polymer films as the most commonly used packaging material due to their lightweight, versatility, low cost, and ease of manufacturing. However, there is a noticeable mismatch between the demanding requirements of various oxygen- or humidity-sensitive commodities and the poor barrier properties of single-component polymer films, thus giving rise to food spoilage, drug failure, as well as corrosion damage of electronic devices. In this review, we provide an in-depth introduction on the most promising strategies for developing high barrier polymer packaging films, including surface coating, polymer blending, and polymer nanocomposites. Specifically, the types of surface coatings, the dispersed phase morphology in polymer blends, the main factors for polymer nanocomposites containing large-aspect-ratio nanoplatelets, their dispersion morphology, the interfacial structure, and the crystalline structure of the matrix polymers can be tailored to maximize the gas barrier performance. Also, current challenges and perspectives for future development of high barrier polymer packaging materials are proposed. The new insight into the relationship between polymer processing, microscopic architecture, and barrier properties of polymer materials are expected to provide a valuable guide for developing high-barrier polymer packaging materials.

在过去的几十年里,人们对聚合物薄膜作为最常用的包装材料的兴趣迅速增长,因为它们重量轻,多功能性,低成本,易于制造。然而,各种对氧气或湿度敏感的商品的苛刻要求与单组分聚合物薄膜的差阻隔性能之间存在明显的不匹配,从而导致食品变质,药物失效以及电子设备的腐蚀损坏。本文从表面涂覆、聚合物共混、聚合物纳米复合等方面综述了高阻隔性聚合物包装薄膜的发展策略。具体来说,表面涂层的类型、聚合物共混物中的分散相形态、包含大纵横比纳米片的聚合物纳米复合材料的主要因素、它们的分散形态、界面结构和基体聚合物的晶体结构可以定制,以最大限度地提高气体阻隔性能。最后,提出了高阻隔性高分子包装材料目前面临的挑战和未来发展的展望。对聚合物加工、微观结构和聚合物材料阻隔性能之间关系的新认识,有望为开发高阻隔聚合物包装材料提供有价值的指导。
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引用次数: 3
Crystallization in thin films of polymer glasses: The role of free surfaces, solid interfaces and their competition 聚合物玻璃薄膜的结晶:自由表面、固体界面的作用及其竞争
IF 27.1 1区 化学 Q1 POLYMER SCIENCE Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2023.101725
Yuhui Yang , Houkuan Tian , Simone Napolitano , Biao Zuo

Polymer coatings of nanometric thickness are about to enter in everyday life as part of a wide range of applications such as protective layers, stimuli-responsive membranes or as components of flexible electronics devices. In the past 30 years, these polymer nanomaterial systems have been at the center of research interest due to the opportunities to control relevant material properties like the phase transition temperature, viscosity, permeability, or thermal expansion by variation of the film thickness. One of the key factors responsible for the deviation from bulk behavior is known as 1D confinement that describes the increasing impact of interfacial layers when reducing film thickness. This review provides a comprehensive discussion of the role of the free surface at the boundary with air and the interfacial layer in proximity of a supporting substrate on the crystallization of thin polymer films. First, the dynamics of polymers near the free surface and its impact on the crystallization of films is discussed. Subsequently, the effect of solid substrates on crystallization in thin films is elaborated, including the formation of irreversible adsorption layers, alteration of crystalline structure and the kinetics of crystallization. Subsequently, the competition between surface and interface effects on the formation of ordered structures in thin polymer films is discussed. A perspective on challenges and opportunities in the field of thin film crystallization is provided to inspire future research and development in the field. This review thus provides an up-to-date analysis of current understanding of crystallization of polymer glasses under 1D confinement, aimed at supporting the manipulation and control of the properties of polymer-based nanodevices.

纳米厚度的聚合物涂层即将进入日常生活,作为广泛应用的一部分,如保护层,刺激响应膜或柔性电子设备的组件。在过去的30年里,这些聚合物纳米材料系统一直是研究兴趣的中心,因为有机会通过改变薄膜厚度来控制相关的材料特性,如相变温度、粘度、渗透率或热膨胀。造成与体行为偏差的关键因素之一是一维约束,它描述了当膜厚度减小时界面层的影响越来越大。本文综述了与空气交界的自由表面和靠近支撑基板的界面层在聚合物薄膜结晶过程中的作用。首先,讨论了聚合物在自由表面附近的动力学及其对薄膜结晶的影响。随后,阐述了固体基质对薄膜结晶的影响,包括不可逆吸附层的形成、晶体结构的改变和结晶动力学。随后,讨论了表面和界面效应之间的竞争对聚合物薄膜有序结构形成的影响。展望了薄膜结晶领域面临的挑战和机遇,以期对未来的研究和发展有所启发。因此,本文综述了目前对聚合物玻璃在一维约束下结晶的理解的最新分析,旨在支持对聚合物基纳米器件性能的操纵和控制。
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引用次数: 2
Self-healable functional polymers and polymer-based composites 自愈功能聚合物和聚合物基复合材料
IF 27.1 1区 化学 Q1 POLYMER SCIENCE Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2023.101724
Ze Ping Zhang, Min Zhi Rong, Ming Qiu Zhang

Polymers and polymer composites with advanced functions have attracted great attention following the development of modern science and technologies. Nevertheless, damages of microstructures and variations of chemical constitutes are inevitably induced during their manufacturing and operation, causing undesired attenuation or even loss of functionalities. To address the problems, self-healable functional polymeric materials, which focus on autonomous restoration of non-structural functionalities for improving the lifespan and durability, have emerged in recent years as a huge surge of interest because of their apparent potential benefits. As dictated by the diverse working principles of the individual functionalities, the technical advance of self-healing functional polymers and composites exhibits distinct characteristics from that of self-healing structural materials specializing in strength recovery. This review summarizes the state-of-the-art achievements in the field, and discusses the common features and issues in most of the reported self-healing functional materials including healable electroconductive, thermally conductive, dielectric, optically transparent, superhydrophobic, superhydrophilic, and power conversion and storage related polymers. The review will subsequently discuss (i) the damage modes relating to different causes, (ii) the mechanisms of self-healing based on chemical and physical methodologies, and (iii) molecular level design schemes and synthesis strategies for self-healing functional polymeric materials. The advantages and inadequacies of representative works are discussed, and the critical challenges and opportunities for future research are highlighted. It is hoped that the present article would inspire more innovative explorations of self-healing functional polymeric materials, as well as promote their practical application.

随着现代科学技术的发展,具有先进功能的聚合物和聚合物复合材料受到了人们的广泛关注。然而,在其制造和使用过程中,不可避免地会引起微结构的破坏和化学成分的变化,从而导致不希望的衰减甚至丧失功能。为了解决这些问题,近年来,由于具有明显的潜在优势,自修复功能聚合物材料引起了人们的极大兴趣。自修复功能聚合物材料专注于非结构功能的自动修复,以提高使用寿命和耐久性。由于单个功能的不同工作原理,自修复功能聚合物和复合材料的技术进步与专门从事强度恢复的自修复结构材料表现出截然不同的特征。本文综述了该领域的最新研究成果,讨论了目前报道的自修复功能材料的共同特点和存在的问题,包括可修复的导电、导热、介电、光学透明、超疏水、超亲水性以及与能量转换和存储相关的聚合物。随后将讨论(i)与不同原因相关的损伤模式,(ii)基于化学和物理方法的自修复机制,以及(iii)自修复功能聚合物材料的分子水平设计方案和合成策略。讨论了代表性作品的优点和不足,并强调了未来研究的关键挑战和机遇。希望本文的研究成果能够启发人们对自修复功能高分子材料进行更多的创新探索,并促进其实际应用。
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引用次数: 2
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Progress in Polymer Science
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