Pub Date : 2023-01-02DOI: 10.1080/17597536.2022.2038003
Rolf Kemmler
ABSTRACT With its original division into three books, the Latin grammar Emmanvelis Alvari è Societate Iesv de institvtione grammatica libri tres is one of the worldwide most influential Latin grammars ever since its ars maior and ars minor were first published in 1572 and 1573 by the Portuguese grammarian Manuel Álvares (1526–1583). This paper examines the way in which the three-volume English variant An Introduction to the Latin Tongue (Álvares 1686, I), Emmanuelis Alvari e societate Jesu Grammatica, sive institutionum Linguæ Latinæ Liber Secundus and Liber Tertius (Álvares 1687, II/III) came into being. Based on some key examples of grammatical description, an attempt is made to locate the origins of these volumes within the relevant national textual traditions of Alvaresian grammar.
葡萄牙语法学家曼努埃尔Álvares(1526-1583)分别于1572年和1573年出版了拉丁文语法大全《Emmanvelis Alvari è Societate Iesv de institutione grammatica libri tres》，它最初分为三本书，是世界上最具影响力的拉丁文语法大全之一。本文考察了三卷本的英译本《拉丁语言概论》(Álvares 1686, I)、《伊曼纽尔·阿尔瓦里与耶稣的语法协会》、《拉丁语言学会》和《拉丁语言学会》(Álvares 1687, II/III)的形成过程。基于一些语法描述的关键例子，试图在相关的阿尔瓦雷西亚语法的国家文本传统中找到这些卷的起源。
{"title":"A Jesuit grammar in the Anglican London of King James II: The first English edition of Manuel Álvares’ Latin grammar (1686–1687)","authors":"Rolf Kemmler","doi":"10.1080/17597536.2022.2038003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17597536.2022.2038003","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT With its original division into three books, the Latin grammar Emmanvelis Alvari è Societate Iesv de institvtione grammatica libri tres is one of the worldwide most influential Latin grammars ever since its ars maior and ars minor were first published in 1572 and 1573 by the Portuguese grammarian Manuel Álvares (1526–1583). This paper examines the way in which the three-volume English variant An Introduction to the Latin Tongue (Álvares 1686, I), Emmanuelis Alvari e societate Jesu Grammatica, sive institutionum Linguæ Latinæ Liber Secundus and Liber Tertius (Álvares 1687, II/III) came into being. Based on some key examples of grammatical description, an attempt is made to locate the origins of these volumes within the relevant national textual traditions of Alvaresian grammar.","PeriodicalId":41504,"journal":{"name":"Language & History","volume":"66 1","pages":"33 - 58"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41512486","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-02DOI: 10.1080/17597536.2022.2116896
C. Brandist
ABSTRACT The similarities and contacts between early Soviet Indologists and Indian Dalit intellectuals, as regards the critique of Indo-European philology is explored. Attention focuses on A.P. Barannikov’s works of the 1930s and 1940s in which colonial philology is presented as the result of collaboration between colonial and indigenous Brahman intellectuals, which challenges the common conception of such philology as a European imposition in postcolonial studies today. The eclipse of Barannikov’s work in Soviet Indology when, during the Cold War, support for a unitary Indian nationalism was promoted in opposition to Western colonial narratives, is also considered. Consideration of Barannikov’s work in the light of Dalit studies today shows its renewed relevance, and points to ways in which the limitations of some of the rigid dichotomies of Postcolonial Studies can be overcome.
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Pub Date : 2022-09-02DOI: 10.1080/17597536.2022.2121121
C. Hutton
ABSTRACT This paper considers the at-first-sight puzzling presence of Nazi linguistics as sources in two post-war sociolinguistic works, authored by Joshua Fishman and Uriel Weinreich respectively. It offers an account of who these Nazi linguists were and the basic ideological positions they represented. The argument is made that the presence of these sources reflects a wider problem in post-war sociolinguistics, namely a lack of awareness of the nature of interwar language politics. The question of Umvolkung (‘assimilation’, ‘transethnization’, ‘ethnoconversion’) in interwar Europe concerned state boundaries and the status of ethnolinguistic minorities. In the post-war United States, assimilation was understood in the context of indigenous and migrant languages and cultures, within a language ecology dominated by English. Post-War US identity politics concerned social and institutional space, rather than the ownership and occupation of territory. The same concept may be potentially toxic in one sociopolitical context and progressive in another.
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Pub Date : 2022-09-02DOI: 10.1080/17597536.2022.2122201
Andrew Ji Ma, Richard Steadman-Jones
Because of its central role in both our sense-making and our sociality
因为它在我们的感知和社会性中都起着核心作用
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Pub Date : 2022-09-02DOI: 10.1080/17597536.2022.2117506
J. Majeed
ABSTRACT Grierson’s Linguistic Survey of India (1903–1928) is one of the most complete sources on South Asian languages. It has influenced all subsequent studies of the language situation in India. However, there are indications in the Survey’s volumes, in its unpublished files, and in Grierson’s correspondence, that extra-linguistic considerations affected his approach to some Indian languages. Drawing on these sources, this essay focuses on Panjabi, Siraiki, Assamese, and Hindi-Urdu. It shows how factors stemming from Grierson’s views on religious difference and on language as a basis for nationality, as well as colonial politics of governance, may have influenced his characterisations of these languages. However, this does not invalidate the Survey, which is not straightforwardly ‘colonial’. Moreover, each of these languages is also described using linguistic argumentation, as reflected in the LSI’s skeletal grammars and its focus on dialectal variation. As such, we have to work with this tension in the LSI, without trying to resolve it either by rejecting the Survey in toto because of the instances of politics affecting its analyses, or by accepting it wholesale while ignoring the extra-linguistic considerations which influenced how it characterised some Indian languages.
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Pub Date : 2022-09-02DOI: 10.1080/17597536.2022.2122203
Richard Steadman-Jones
ABSTRACT In 1959 Anthony Burgess published Beds in the East, a novel set in Malaya in 1957, the year the Federation of Malaya achieved independence. Towards the end of the book, Burgess introduces a new character, Temple Haynes, a professional linguist from a US university who is studying the phonology of Temiar, the language of one of Malaysia’s indigenous ethnic minorities. This paper examines Burgess’ depiction of Haynes and his sometimes fractious relationship with the British ‘Assistant Protector of Aborigines’, Moneypenny (also a speaker of Temiar). It is interesting to examine this fictional representation because it uses material familiar to students of the History of Linguistics to develop a certain picture of imperialism and decolonisation, one that shifts questions about the politics of western intervention onto the US but also worries about the personal investments of British representatives in colonised and decolonising space. Thus Burgess’ text offers the reader a dramatic portrait of the practice of linguistic fieldwork as part of a particular vision of Malaya at the ‘end of empire’.
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Pub Date : 2022-09-02DOI: 10.1080/17597536.2022.2121123
Andrew Ji Ma
ABSTRACT Drawing on the Tudor orthographers John Hart (c.1501–1574), Thomas Smith (1513–1577) and Richard Mulcaster (c.1531–1611), this paper shows that their linguistic treatises on spelling constitute dialogues that are heavily informed by current political thoughts. It attempts to reveal how the ideas of commonwealth (especially, absolute monarchy and limited monarchy) are employed by the orthographers to frame their envisioning of an ideal spelling system. The linguistic texts are analysed in the specific political context of the period, and they are approached from a comparative perspective in order to highlight the dialogical elements that underpin the debates. In doing so, the paper clarifies the identity of the intentionally anonymised interlocutors and emphasises the rhetorical power of dialogue in the Renaissance period.
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Pub Date : 2022-08-28DOI: 10.1080/17597536.2022.2089454
A. Luhtala
{"title":"Greece’s labyrinth of language. A study in the early modern discovery of dialect diversity","authors":"A. Luhtala","doi":"10.1080/17597536.2022.2089454","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17597536.2022.2089454","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":41504,"journal":{"name":"Language & History","volume":"66 1","pages":"80 - 82"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46729565","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-24DOI: 10.1080/17597536.2022.2098684
J. Cottier
References Bühler, Karl. [1934]1999. Sprachtheorie. Die Darstellungsfunktion der Sprache, 3. Stuttgart: Lucius & Lucius. Burch, Robert. 1992. “Valental Aspects of Peircean Algebraic Logic.” Computers & Mathematics with Applications 23 (6–9): 665–77. doi:10.1016/0898-1221(92)90128-5. Covington, Michael A. 1986. “Grammatical Theory in the Middle Ages”. In Studies in the History of Western Linguistics in Honour of R. H. Robins, edited by Theodora Bynon & F. R. Palmer, 23–42. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Orešnk, Janez. 1994. “A la mémoire de Lucien Tesnière, linguiste européen”. In Mélanges Lucien Tesnière, edited by Bojan Čop, Janez Orešnk, Mitja Skubic & Pavao Tekavčić, 7–8. Ljubljanja: La faculté des lettres de l’Université de Ljubljanja. Owens, Jonathan. 1988. The Foundations of Grammar: An Introduction to Medieval Arabic Grammatical Theory. Amsterdam/Philadelphia: John Benjamins Publishing Company. Percival, W. Keith. 1990. “Reflections on the History of Dependency Notions in Linguistics.” Historiographia Linguistica 17 (1–2): 29–47. doi:10.1075/hl.17.1-2.05per. Tesnière, Lucien. 1959. Éléments de Syntaxe Structurale. Paris: Klincksieck. Tesnière, Lucien. 2015. Elements of Structural Syntax, translated by Timothy Osborne & Sylvain Kahane. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company. Yngve, Victor. 1996. From Grammar to Science: New Foundations for General Linguistics. Amsterdam/ Philadelphia: John Benjamins Publishing Company.
{"title":"A History of the study of the indigenous languages of North America","authors":"J. Cottier","doi":"10.1080/17597536.2022.2098684","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17597536.2022.2098684","url":null,"abstract":"References Bühler, Karl. [1934]1999. Sprachtheorie. Die Darstellungsfunktion der Sprache, 3. Stuttgart: Lucius & Lucius. Burch, Robert. 1992. “Valental Aspects of Peircean Algebraic Logic.” Computers & Mathematics with Applications 23 (6–9): 665–77. doi:10.1016/0898-1221(92)90128-5. Covington, Michael A. 1986. “Grammatical Theory in the Middle Ages”. In Studies in the History of Western Linguistics in Honour of R. H. Robins, edited by Theodora Bynon & F. R. Palmer, 23–42. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Orešnk, Janez. 1994. “A la mémoire de Lucien Tesnière, linguiste européen”. In Mélanges Lucien Tesnière, edited by Bojan Čop, Janez Orešnk, Mitja Skubic & Pavao Tekavčić, 7–8. Ljubljanja: La faculté des lettres de l’Université de Ljubljanja. Owens, Jonathan. 1988. The Foundations of Grammar: An Introduction to Medieval Arabic Grammatical Theory. Amsterdam/Philadelphia: John Benjamins Publishing Company. Percival, W. Keith. 1990. “Reflections on the History of Dependency Notions in Linguistics.” Historiographia Linguistica 17 (1–2): 29–47. doi:10.1075/hl.17.1-2.05per. Tesnière, Lucien. 1959. Éléments de Syntaxe Structurale. Paris: Klincksieck. Tesnière, Lucien. 2015. Elements of Structural Syntax, translated by Timothy Osborne & Sylvain Kahane. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company. Yngve, Victor. 1996. From Grammar to Science: New Foundations for General Linguistics. Amsterdam/ Philadelphia: John Benjamins Publishing Company.","PeriodicalId":41504,"journal":{"name":"Language & History","volume":"66 1","pages":"85 - 87"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44090114","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-21DOI: 10.1080/17597536.2022.2088002
Raúl Aranovich, Alan Wong
ABSTRACT Ferdinand de Saussure’s Cours de linguistique générale reproduced a misconception of Chinese as a monosyllabic language without complex words. In this paper, we investigate the sources of this misconception in Western thought. We also show that the misconception about Chinese was already known to be inaccurate in Saussure’s time, and that he had many missed opportunities to find out. While Saussure reproduced the empirical errors of Comparatists and Neogrammarians with respect to Chinese, he moved away from the cultural prejudices and attitudes that were behind their claims. This turn, we argue, illustrates an important aspect of the Saussurean scientific revolution, which was fuelled more by fundamental conceptual changes than by empirical discoveries.
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