Pub Date : 2022-06-01DOI: 10.17576/islamiyyat-2022-4401-14
Kassim Bahali, Nazri Muslim
Kecerahan atau luminan fajar sidik berubah dari mula muncul sehingga terbit matahari. Semasa fajar mula terbit, keamatan kecerahan fajar adalah sangat rendah. Keamatan kecerahan fajar bertambah secara beransur-ansur sehingga cerah. Keamatan kecerahan fajar bertambah secara berfasa atau berperingkat. Fasa fajar atau subuh di dalam Al-Quran disebut sebagai tanaffas dan isfar dalam surah At-Takwir ayat 18 dan Al-Mudatsir ayat 34 masing-masing. Ayat ini menunjukkan ada dua peringkat atau fasa kecerahan waktu subuh iaitu tanaffas dan isfar. Dua peringkat kecerahan yang berbeza ini menggambarkan ada dua fasa fajar sidik. Kajian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan waktu berlaku dan sudut tunduk Matahari untuk fasa tanaffas dan isfar serta kecerahan kedua-dua fasa tersebut. Kajian dijalankan dengan kaedah cerapan di lapangan melibat beberapa lokasi di Malaysia dan Indonesia. Perkakasan yang digunakan ialah tetingkap benang dan fotometer SQM-LU. Dapatan kajian mendapati tetingkap benang boleh menjadi alat bagi menentukan fasa fajar. Dapatan juga menunjukkan fasa tanaffas apabila benang putih mula kelihatan dan fasa isfar apabila benang hitam mula kelihatan. Fasa tanaffas berlaku pada sudut tunduk matahari -16° hingga -14° dan fasa isfar pada sudut -14° hingga terbit Matahari. Purata kecerahan fasa tanaffas ialah 19.44 mag arcsec-2 dan purata kecerahan fasa isfar ialah 17.55 mag arcsec-2. Implikasi kajian ini dapat memberi penjelasan tentang perkataan tanaffas dan isfar dalam Al-Quran; dan memberi bukti yang menyokong kebenaran al-Quran dari perspektif sains.
{"title":"Penentuan Fasa Tanaffas Dan Isfar Fajar Sidik","authors":"Kassim Bahali, Nazri Muslim","doi":"10.17576/islamiyyat-2022-4401-14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17576/islamiyyat-2022-4401-14","url":null,"abstract":"Kecerahan atau luminan fajar sidik berubah dari mula muncul sehingga terbit matahari. Semasa fajar mula terbit, keamatan kecerahan fajar adalah sangat rendah. Keamatan kecerahan fajar bertambah secara beransur-ansur sehingga cerah. Keamatan kecerahan fajar bertambah secara berfasa atau berperingkat. Fasa fajar atau subuh di dalam Al-Quran disebut sebagai tanaffas dan isfar dalam surah At-Takwir ayat 18 dan Al-Mudatsir ayat 34 masing-masing. Ayat ini menunjukkan ada dua peringkat atau fasa kecerahan waktu subuh iaitu tanaffas dan isfar. Dua peringkat kecerahan yang berbeza ini menggambarkan ada dua fasa fajar sidik. Kajian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan waktu berlaku dan sudut tunduk Matahari untuk fasa tanaffas dan isfar serta kecerahan kedua-dua fasa tersebut. Kajian dijalankan dengan kaedah cerapan di lapangan melibat beberapa lokasi di Malaysia dan Indonesia. Perkakasan yang digunakan ialah tetingkap benang dan fotometer SQM-LU. Dapatan kajian mendapati tetingkap benang boleh menjadi alat bagi menentukan fasa fajar. Dapatan juga menunjukkan fasa tanaffas apabila benang putih mula kelihatan dan fasa isfar apabila benang hitam mula kelihatan. Fasa tanaffas berlaku pada sudut tunduk matahari -16° hingga -14° dan fasa isfar pada sudut -14° hingga terbit Matahari. Purata kecerahan fasa tanaffas ialah 19.44 mag arcsec-2 dan purata kecerahan fasa isfar ialah 17.55 mag arcsec-2. Implikasi kajian ini dapat memberi penjelasan tentang perkataan tanaffas dan isfar dalam Al-Quran; dan memberi bukti yang menyokong kebenaran al-Quran dari perspektif sains.","PeriodicalId":41576,"journal":{"name":"Islamiyyat-The International Journal of Islamic Studies","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48282517","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-01DOI: 10.17576/islamiyyat-2022-4401-13
Syaidatun Nazirah Abu Zahrin, Rezki Perdani Sawai, Joki Perdani Sawai, Che Sulaila Che Harun
The 4.0 industrial revolution (4IR) is one of the biggest challenges faced by every individual, especially psychologists of this century. In this article, the authors will examine the preparation for challenges psychologists face in helping individuals deal with the psycho-social impact of the 4.0 industrial revolution. 4IR comprises of ten pillars: automation robots, simulations, system integration, multi-purpose internet, cyber security, public computing, additional material creation, reinforced reality, large data analysis, and system integration. This conceptual paper covers articles and books from year 1998 to 2020. This article aims to help psychologists become more knowledgeable about how their disciplinary expertise can assist in discussions, research, and policy initiatives relating to 4.0 Industrial Revolution. Therefore, the objective of this paper is to outline the challenges faced by the Muslim psychologists in the era of 4.0 Industrial Revolution and how to deal with the challenges diligently. Psychologists are responsible for designing and implementing interventions to deal with the psycho-social impact of the 4.0 Industrial Revolution. Psychologists’ involvement is needed to increase psychological support to individuals, in particular, and to society as a whole. Hence, the mental health and mental strength of psychologists are important in preparation for the 4IR challenge.
{"title":"Muslim Psychologists in Facing Challenges of the 4.0 Industrial Revolution","authors":"Syaidatun Nazirah Abu Zahrin, Rezki Perdani Sawai, Joki Perdani Sawai, Che Sulaila Che Harun","doi":"10.17576/islamiyyat-2022-4401-13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17576/islamiyyat-2022-4401-13","url":null,"abstract":"The 4.0 industrial revolution (4IR) is one of the biggest challenges faced by every individual, especially psychologists of this century. In this article, the authors will examine the preparation for challenges psychologists face in helping individuals deal with the psycho-social impact of the 4.0 industrial revolution. 4IR comprises of ten pillars: automation robots, simulations, system integration, multi-purpose internet, cyber security, public computing, additional material creation, reinforced reality, large data analysis, and system integration. This conceptual paper covers articles and books from year 1998 to 2020. This article aims to help psychologists become more knowledgeable about how their disciplinary expertise can assist in discussions, research, and policy initiatives relating to 4.0 Industrial Revolution. Therefore, the objective of this paper is to outline the challenges faced by the Muslim psychologists in the era of 4.0 Industrial Revolution and how to deal with the challenges diligently. Psychologists are responsible for designing and implementing interventions to deal with the psycho-social impact of the 4.0 Industrial Revolution. Psychologists’ involvement is needed to increase psychological support to individuals, in particular, and to society as a whole. Hence, the mental health and mental strength of psychologists are important in preparation for the 4IR challenge.","PeriodicalId":41576,"journal":{"name":"Islamiyyat-The International Journal of Islamic Studies","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43764165","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-01DOI: 10.17576/islamiyyat-2022-44ik-12
Ahmad Yunus Mohd Noor, Zetty Nurzuliana Rashed, Asmilyia Mohd Mokhtar
Abū Hāmid al-Ghazālī is considered one of the prominent Muslim thinkers and scholars in the traditional Muslim world. He has produced numerous intellectual sources comprehensively. This paper aims to analyze Abū Hāmid al-Ghazālī’s views on dealing with the scientific exegesis. This was investigated from his thoughtful and broad understanding of its principle and underlying purpose. The essential understanding of the principle of scientific exegesis was analytically discussed in his magnum opus; Jewels of the Qur’ān. To reach a representative conclusion, this study undertakes an analysis of the al-Ghazālī view, promotes intellectual discourse, and venerated exegesis as the main sources of reference by adopting the document analysis method. The finding shows that Abū Hāmid al-Ghazālī’s discussion on scientific exegesis emphasized on relevance to contemporary practice and the modern context of Islam. It set forth an important framework and methodology for the integration of the Quran and science. This leads to the collaboration between two branches of knowledge and has come to be known as ‘scientific exegesis’ that the Qur’ān contains verses that point to scientific discoveries such as the roundness of the earth; the orbit of the earth around the sun; and the uniqueness of human fingerprints. It will provide students, educators, researchers, and scholars with a resource for understanding and responding to faithful Islamic sciences issues that are of concern to contemporary Islam and to society.
{"title":"The Intellect Of Abū Hāmid Al-Ghazālī In Dealing With The Qur’anic Scientific Exegesis","authors":"Ahmad Yunus Mohd Noor, Zetty Nurzuliana Rashed, Asmilyia Mohd Mokhtar","doi":"10.17576/islamiyyat-2022-44ik-12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17576/islamiyyat-2022-44ik-12","url":null,"abstract":"Abū Hāmid al-Ghazālī is considered one of the prominent Muslim thinkers and scholars in the traditional Muslim world. He has produced numerous intellectual sources comprehensively. This paper aims to analyze Abū Hāmid al-Ghazālī’s views on dealing with the scientific exegesis. This was investigated from his thoughtful and broad understanding of its principle and underlying purpose. The essential understanding of the principle of scientific exegesis was analytically discussed in his magnum opus; Jewels of the Qur’ān. To reach a representative conclusion, this study undertakes an analysis of the al-Ghazālī view, promotes intellectual discourse, and venerated exegesis as the main sources of reference by adopting the document analysis method. The finding shows that Abū Hāmid al-Ghazālī’s discussion on scientific exegesis emphasized on relevance to contemporary practice and the modern context of Islam. It set forth an important framework and methodology for the integration of the Quran and science. This leads to the collaboration between two branches of knowledge and has come to be known as ‘scientific exegesis’ that the Qur’ān contains verses that point to scientific discoveries such as the roundness of the earth; the orbit of the earth around the sun; and the uniqueness of human fingerprints. It will provide students, educators, researchers, and scholars with a resource for understanding and responding to faithful Islamic sciences issues that are of concern to contemporary Islam and to society.","PeriodicalId":41576,"journal":{"name":"Islamiyyat-The International Journal of Islamic Studies","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43904393","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-01DOI: 10.17576/islamiyyat-2022-4401-22
Arif Rabbani
An in-depth knowledge of the Objectives of Shariah, as intended by Allah the Lawgiver, is needed for analytical research when enacting Shariah. The question arises regarding the level of Arabic language knowledge required to understand Shariah before one is considered bound by Shariah injunctions. The main aim of this study is to elaborate on the classification of the Objectives of Shariah as advanced by al-Shatibi, especially, the objective of enacting Shariah for proper understanding (Ifhām). Also discussed in this study are the identification of foreign terms introduced into the Arabic language, if any found in the Quran, the knowledge of rules relating to customary usage of Quranic Arabic as understood by both laymen and experts, and the role these play in deducing the objectives of enacting Shariah. Another objective of Islamic law is the secondary connotation, whereby each interpreter understands the same text differently. This is the basis for translated text of Shariah. The findings of this study reveal that, firstly, there are no non-Arabic terms in Shariah text; second, Shariah text have both primary and secondary connotations which pose problems in translation; third, the Arabic language text was revealed to an unlettered Arab who understood it and implemented the demands of the text; fourth, there are linguistic maxims from which objectives result, as raised by al-Shatibi; finally, al-Shatibi re-defined in detail both primary and secondary connotations of Sharia texts due to their significance, since command and prohibition verses may independently convey such injunctions.
{"title":"Analyzing the Objectives of Shariah as intended by the Lawgiver in Enacting Shariah (Text) for Ifhām (Proper Understanding) according to al-Shatibi","authors":"Arif Rabbani","doi":"10.17576/islamiyyat-2022-4401-22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17576/islamiyyat-2022-4401-22","url":null,"abstract":"An in-depth knowledge of the Objectives of Shariah, as intended by Allah the Lawgiver, is needed for analytical research when enacting Shariah. The question arises regarding the level of Arabic language knowledge required to understand Shariah before one is considered bound by Shariah injunctions. The main aim of this study is to elaborate on the classification of the Objectives of Shariah as advanced by al-Shatibi, especially, the objective of enacting Shariah for proper understanding (Ifhām). Also discussed in this study are the identification of foreign terms introduced into the Arabic language, if any found in the Quran, the knowledge of rules relating to customary usage of Quranic Arabic as understood by both laymen and experts, and the role these play in deducing the objectives of enacting Shariah. Another objective of Islamic law is the secondary connotation, whereby each interpreter understands the same text differently. This is the basis for translated text of Shariah. The findings of this study reveal that, firstly, there are no non-Arabic terms in Shariah text; second, Shariah text have both primary and secondary connotations which pose problems in translation; third, the Arabic language text was revealed to an unlettered Arab who understood it and implemented the demands of the text; fourth, there are linguistic maxims from which objectives result, as raised by al-Shatibi; finally, al-Shatibi re-defined in detail both primary and secondary connotations of Sharia texts due to their significance, since command and prohibition verses may independently convey such injunctions.","PeriodicalId":41576,"journal":{"name":"Islamiyyat-The International Journal of Islamic Studies","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45879864","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-01DOI: 10.17576/islamiyyat-2022-4401-12
Jaffary Awang, A. Ramli, Z. AB RAHMAN
Recent public concern over Muslim–Buddhist relations in South and Southeast Asia has emerged because of massive violence against Muslim minority groups in the region's Buddhist-majority states. The Buddhist have expressed fear that the rise in the Muslim population would force out the Buddhists, as has happened in several historical records. Thus, in this article, we provide a preliminary analysis of Buddhist-Muslim relations from past to present as it unfolds the various forms of relations, conflicts, and harmonies. This article also analyses the driving factors that contribute to the relation of both religious societies in terms of politics, religion, and economics. This research is qualitative. The research method used is descriptive-analytical by emphasizing content analysis of data information from various books and articles covering the Muslim and Buddhism encounters. Despite certain polemics having occurred along the relationship, the study shows that Muslim-Buddhist encounter occurred in harmony, particularly when relation was rooted in tolerance. Studies affirm that disputed facts ought to be critically updated to establish the causes, which will also help address the misunderstanding between religious societies.
{"title":"Muslim and Buddhist Encounters: Between Conflict and Harmony","authors":"Jaffary Awang, A. Ramli, Z. AB RAHMAN","doi":"10.17576/islamiyyat-2022-4401-12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17576/islamiyyat-2022-4401-12","url":null,"abstract":"Recent public concern over Muslim–Buddhist relations in South and Southeast Asia has emerged because of massive violence against Muslim minority groups in the region's Buddhist-majority states. The Buddhist have expressed fear that the rise in the Muslim population would force out the Buddhists, as has happened in several historical records. Thus, in this article, we provide a preliminary analysis of Buddhist-Muslim relations from past to present as it unfolds the various forms of relations, conflicts, and harmonies. This article also analyses the driving factors that contribute to the relation of both religious societies in terms of politics, religion, and economics. This research is qualitative. The research method used is descriptive-analytical by emphasizing content analysis of data information from various books and articles covering the Muslim and Buddhism encounters. Despite certain polemics having occurred along the relationship, the study shows that Muslim-Buddhist encounter occurred in harmony, particularly when relation was rooted in tolerance. Studies affirm that disputed facts ought to be critically updated to establish the causes, which will also help address the misunderstanding between religious societies.","PeriodicalId":41576,"journal":{"name":"Islamiyyat-The International Journal of Islamic Studies","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49030436","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-01DOI: 10.17576/islamiyyat-2022-44ik-9
Mazlan Ibrahim, Abur Hamdi Usman, Muhammad Fakhrur Razi Shahabudin
Pelbagai isu dan permasalahan yang berlegar dalam kalangan masyarakat datangnya dari jiwa dan akal yang sibuk diisi dengan keduniaan. Kecintaan manusia kepada dunia membuatkan banyak manusia yang kecewa dengan kehidupan mereka, pelbagai isu jenayah berlaku, peperangan, perebutan kuasa dan akhirnya manusia semakin rakus mengejar dunia tanpa henti. Psikologi dan jiwa manusia semakin lama semakin derita dan akhirnya memilih untuk membunuh diri. Justeru, artikel ini dihasilkan bagi mengenal pasti psikoterapi yang sesuai untuk merawat akal dan jiwa manusia melalui sentuhan hikmah al-Ghazālī menerusi konsep Maqāmāt dalam karyanya Iḥyā’ ‘Ulūm al-Dīn. Dengan menggunakan metode kualitatif, kajian ini mendapati terdapat beberapa Maqāmāt yang terangkum dalam Iḥyā’ ‘Ulūm al-Dīn, antaranya ialah al-tawbah, al-ṣabr, al-zuhd, al-tawakkul, al-maḥabbah, al-ma‘rifah dan al-riḍā. Konklusinya, tujuh Maqāmāt ini merupakan asas kepada pembinaan jati diri seorang mukmin sesuai dengan makna kitabnya menghidupkan ilmu-ilmu agama.
{"title":"Psikoterapi al-Ghazālī: Kajian Terhadap Maqāmāt dalam Kitab Iḥyā’ ‘Ulūm al-Dīn","authors":"Mazlan Ibrahim, Abur Hamdi Usman, Muhammad Fakhrur Razi Shahabudin","doi":"10.17576/islamiyyat-2022-44ik-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17576/islamiyyat-2022-44ik-9","url":null,"abstract":"Pelbagai isu dan permasalahan yang berlegar dalam kalangan masyarakat datangnya dari jiwa dan akal yang sibuk diisi dengan keduniaan. Kecintaan manusia kepada dunia membuatkan banyak manusia yang kecewa dengan kehidupan mereka, pelbagai isu jenayah berlaku, peperangan, perebutan kuasa dan akhirnya manusia semakin rakus mengejar dunia tanpa henti. Psikologi dan jiwa manusia semakin lama semakin derita dan akhirnya memilih untuk membunuh diri. Justeru, artikel ini dihasilkan bagi mengenal pasti psikoterapi yang sesuai untuk merawat akal dan jiwa manusia melalui sentuhan hikmah al-Ghazālī menerusi konsep Maqāmāt dalam karyanya Iḥyā’ ‘Ulūm al-Dīn. Dengan menggunakan metode kualitatif, kajian ini mendapati terdapat beberapa Maqāmāt yang terangkum dalam Iḥyā’ ‘Ulūm al-Dīn, antaranya ialah al-tawbah, al-ṣabr, al-zuhd, al-tawakkul, al-maḥabbah, al-ma‘rifah dan al-riḍā. Konklusinya, tujuh Maqāmāt ini merupakan asas kepada pembinaan jati diri seorang mukmin sesuai dengan makna kitabnya menghidupkan ilmu-ilmu agama.","PeriodicalId":41576,"journal":{"name":"Islamiyyat-The International Journal of Islamic Studies","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48738176","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-01DOI: 10.17576/islamiyyat-2022-44ik-3
Ahmad Sunawari Long, Lukman Hakim, Hasse Jubba, Wan Fariza Alyati Wan Zakaria
Epistokrasi adalah satu falsafah politik yang mempercayai bahawa golongan cerdik pandai sewajarnya memerintah negara bukannya diserahkan kepada sistem yang terbuka seperti diamalkan dalam sistem demokrasi. Al-Ghazali dan Brennan adalah antara ahli falsafah yang mempelopori falsafah tersebut yang dilihat berlainan dengan arus perkembangan semasa terutama sistem demokrasi. Ciri-ciri epistokrasi yang diperkenalkan al-Ghazali meliputi pemilihan pemimpin yang tertutup kepada yang terbaik sahaja, yang mempunyai nilai-nilai positif yang datang dari dalaman dan luaran individu, pengkhususan kepada etnik Quraisy dan pemimpin yang ditentukan oleh ahl al-syawkah. Brennan juga menepati dengan prinsip pemilihan yang dikemukakan oleh al-Ghazali seperti menghadkan pemilihan kepada mereka yang yang pintar dan kompeten, berdasarkan ciri demografik yang khusus dan sistem pemilihan pemimpin dengan sistem lebih bersifat tertutup. Walau bagaimanapun, penekanan epistokrasi al-Ghazali lebih kepada yang berunsurkan teokrasi yang memasukkan unsur ketuhanan dalam falsafahnya.
{"title":"Epistokrasi dalam Wacana Politik al-Ghazali dan Brennan","authors":"Ahmad Sunawari Long, Lukman Hakim, Hasse Jubba, Wan Fariza Alyati Wan Zakaria","doi":"10.17576/islamiyyat-2022-44ik-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17576/islamiyyat-2022-44ik-3","url":null,"abstract":"Epistokrasi adalah satu falsafah politik yang mempercayai bahawa golongan cerdik pandai sewajarnya memerintah negara bukannya diserahkan kepada sistem yang terbuka seperti diamalkan dalam sistem demokrasi. Al-Ghazali dan Brennan adalah antara ahli falsafah yang mempelopori falsafah tersebut yang dilihat berlainan dengan arus perkembangan semasa terutama sistem demokrasi. Ciri-ciri epistokrasi yang diperkenalkan al-Ghazali meliputi pemilihan pemimpin yang tertutup kepada yang terbaik sahaja, yang mempunyai nilai-nilai positif yang datang dari dalaman dan luaran individu, pengkhususan kepada etnik Quraisy dan pemimpin yang ditentukan oleh ahl al-syawkah. Brennan juga menepati dengan prinsip pemilihan yang dikemukakan oleh al-Ghazali seperti menghadkan pemilihan kepada mereka yang yang pintar dan kompeten, berdasarkan ciri demografik yang khusus dan sistem pemilihan pemimpin dengan sistem lebih bersifat tertutup. Walau bagaimanapun, penekanan epistokrasi al-Ghazali lebih kepada yang berunsurkan teokrasi yang memasukkan unsur ketuhanan dalam falsafahnya.","PeriodicalId":41576,"journal":{"name":"Islamiyyat-The International Journal of Islamic Studies","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45542223","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In Malaysia, Muslim converts (Muallaf) face certain difficulties including restrictions in inheritance. In this regard, Islam provides that the property of Muslims shall be inherited by Muslim heirs only. In other words, the general principle provides that non-Muslim heirs have no right in inheritance to property that belonging to Muslims. By taking into consideration the status and rights of family members of Muallaf in Malaysia, hibah is categorized as an alternative method of distribution, in addition to wasiat and other methods. In recent years, there has been an increasing interest in studying and promoting hibah (inter vivos gift) as one of the alternatives in distributing someone’s wealth, in addition to other methods. This paper applies a doctrinal legal research methodology where data collection involves primary and secondary sources which include Al-Quran, hadith, journal articles, constitution, statutes and case law. This study seeks to identify the extent hibah applies as an alternative to resolve the inheritance issue among the Muallaf and to provide some recommendations in proposing hibah law to be enacted in resolving this issue in Malaysia. To date, none of the authors has studied in detail drafting of hibah law to be enacted for resolving the inheritance issue concerning Muallaf in this country. This study discovers that a specific law on hibah could clarify its position and application in Malaysia where it can further be used as an alternative to resolve inheritance conflict affecting the heirs, especially non-Muslim, of Muallaf. Furthermore, it may also benefit various agencies such as religious departments, Shariah Court and other relevant agencies to preserve the rights of Muallaf in regard to their inheritance issues.
{"title":"Hibah as Alternative to Resolve Inheritance Issue among New Muslim Converts (Muallaf) in Malaysia: An Analysis","authors":"Amylia Fuziana Azmi, Nik Salida Suhaila Nik Saleh, Mohamad Zaharuddin Zakaria","doi":"10.17576/islamiyyat-2022-4401-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17576/islamiyyat-2022-4401-7","url":null,"abstract":"In Malaysia, Muslim converts (Muallaf) face certain difficulties including restrictions in inheritance. In this regard, Islam provides that the property of Muslims shall be inherited by Muslim heirs only. In other words, the general principle provides that non-Muslim heirs have no right in inheritance to property that belonging to Muslims. By taking into consideration the status and rights of family members of Muallaf in Malaysia, hibah is categorized as an alternative method of distribution, in addition to wasiat and other methods. In recent years, there has been an increasing interest in studying and promoting hibah (inter vivos gift) as one of the alternatives in distributing someone’s wealth, in addition to other methods. This paper applies a doctrinal legal research methodology where data collection involves primary and secondary sources which include Al-Quran, hadith, journal articles, constitution, statutes and case law. This study seeks to identify the extent hibah applies as an alternative to resolve the inheritance issue among the Muallaf and to provide some recommendations in proposing hibah law to be enacted in resolving this issue in Malaysia. To date, none of the authors has studied in detail drafting of hibah law to be enacted for resolving the inheritance issue concerning Muallaf in this country. This study discovers that a specific law on hibah could clarify its position and application in Malaysia where it can further be used as an alternative to resolve inheritance conflict affecting the heirs, especially non-Muslim, of Muallaf. Furthermore, it may also benefit various agencies such as religious departments, Shariah Court and other relevant agencies to preserve the rights of Muallaf in regard to their inheritance issues.","PeriodicalId":41576,"journal":{"name":"Islamiyyat-The International Journal of Islamic Studies","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46326604","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-01DOI: 10.17576/islamiyyat-2022-4401-10
Ijlal Saja @ Mearaj, Anuar Sopian, Syaza Marina Ramli, Abdul Qayuum Abdul Razak
Penggunaan Google Meet dan Youtube berlaku peningkatan mendadak ketika pandemik corona virus (COVID-19) melanda negara. Perkara ini turut memberi kesan kepada pendidikan termasuklah bagi mata pelajaran bahasa Arab dan perlu melakukannya secara pembelajaran terbuka dan jarak jauh (ODL). Walau bagaimanapun, pembelajaran bahasa Arab secara ODL bukanlah semudah yang disangka dan mempunyai pelbagai cabaran. Tambahan pula, pelajar mengatakan bahasa Arab sukar untuk dikuasai. Oleh itu, objektif pertama kajian ini adalah mengenal pasti cabaran pembelajaran bahasa Arab secara ODL yang dihadapi pelajar semasa pandemik COVID-19. Kedua, menganalisis keberkesanan Google Meet dan Youtube dalam membantu pelajar menguasai bahasa Arab secara ODL semasa pandemik COVID-19. Kajian kuantitatif ini merupakan kajian tinjauan dengan menggunakan instrumen soal selidik. Instrumen soal selidik digunakan untuk mengumpul data terhadap 100 orang pelajar diploma yang dipilih secara persampelan rawak mudah daripada UiTM Cawangan Melaka. Analisis secara deskriptif dilakukan dan dipersembahkan dalam bentuk jadual. Hasil dapatan menunjukkan cabaran teknikal yang dihadapi pelajar dalam pembelajaran bahasa Arab secara ODL yang tertinggi adalah cabaran data internet terhad. Manakala cabaran terendah adalah rumah pelajar banjir semasa pandemik COVID-19. Namun begitu, pendekatan pembelajaran bahasa Arab secara ODL melalui Google Meet dan Youtube dapat membantu pelajar dengan berkesan semasa pandemik Covid-19. Kajian ini mencadangkan kajian akan datang agar dapat menyelidiki aspek cabaran yang dihadapi pensyarah bahasa Arab semasa pandemik COVID-19 dan kajian dilakukan terhadap perluasan penggunaan data internet.
{"title":"Keberkesanan Google Meet dan Youtube dalam Penguasaan Bahasa Arab Secara ODL Semasa Pandemik COVID-19","authors":"Ijlal Saja @ Mearaj, Anuar Sopian, Syaza Marina Ramli, Abdul Qayuum Abdul Razak","doi":"10.17576/islamiyyat-2022-4401-10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17576/islamiyyat-2022-4401-10","url":null,"abstract":"Penggunaan Google Meet dan Youtube berlaku peningkatan mendadak ketika pandemik corona virus (COVID-19) melanda negara. Perkara ini turut memberi kesan kepada pendidikan termasuklah bagi mata pelajaran bahasa Arab dan perlu melakukannya secara pembelajaran terbuka dan jarak jauh (ODL). Walau bagaimanapun, pembelajaran bahasa Arab secara ODL bukanlah semudah yang disangka dan mempunyai pelbagai cabaran. Tambahan pula, pelajar mengatakan bahasa Arab sukar untuk dikuasai. Oleh itu, objektif pertama kajian ini adalah mengenal pasti cabaran pembelajaran bahasa Arab secara ODL yang dihadapi pelajar semasa pandemik COVID-19. Kedua, menganalisis keberkesanan Google Meet dan Youtube dalam membantu pelajar menguasai bahasa Arab secara ODL semasa pandemik COVID-19. Kajian kuantitatif ini merupakan kajian tinjauan dengan menggunakan instrumen soal selidik. Instrumen soal selidik digunakan untuk mengumpul data terhadap 100 orang pelajar diploma yang dipilih secara persampelan rawak mudah daripada UiTM Cawangan Melaka. Analisis secara deskriptif dilakukan dan dipersembahkan dalam bentuk jadual. Hasil dapatan menunjukkan cabaran teknikal yang dihadapi pelajar dalam pembelajaran bahasa Arab secara ODL yang tertinggi adalah cabaran data internet terhad. Manakala cabaran terendah adalah rumah pelajar banjir semasa pandemik COVID-19. Namun begitu, pendekatan pembelajaran bahasa Arab secara ODL melalui Google Meet dan Youtube dapat membantu pelajar dengan berkesan semasa pandemik Covid-19. Kajian ini mencadangkan kajian akan datang agar dapat menyelidiki aspek cabaran yang dihadapi pensyarah bahasa Arab semasa pandemik COVID-19 dan kajian dilakukan terhadap perluasan penggunaan data internet.","PeriodicalId":41576,"journal":{"name":"Islamiyyat-The International Journal of Islamic Studies","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42119331","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-01DOI: 10.17576/islamiyyat-2022-44ik-5
Mohd Syukri Zainal Abidin, Faizuri Abd. Latif
Al-Ghazali merupakan seorang mujaddid Islam pada abad ke-5 Hijrah. Ketokohan beliau sebagai pemikir Islam sehingga digelar sebagai Ḥujjat al-Islâm (Pembela Islam). Al-Ghazali seorang yang tekun dalam menuntut dan mendalami ilmu pengetahuan sehingga berjaya menguasai pelbagai cabang ilmu seperti falsafah, kalam dan tasawuf. Kehebatan beliau tidak dapat dinafikan apabila banyak menghasilkan karya atau penulisan dalam pelbagai disiplin ilmu yang telah dipelajarinya. Antaranya kitab yang dihasilkan oleh al-Ghazali termasuklah al-Iqtiṣad fḭ al-`Itiqad, al-Munqiḏ Min al-Ḍalãl, Bidâyah al-Hidâyah, Minhâj al-`Ȃbidḭn, Maqṣad al-Athnâ, Mishkât al-Anwâr, Tahâfut al-Falâsifah, Iḥyâ’ `Ulŭm al-Dḭn, Jawâhir al-Qur’ân dan sebagainya. Karya muktabar ini telah mempengaruhi pemikir Islam selepasnya, seperti Jalaluddin ar-Rumi, Syeikh Al-Ashraf, Ibnu Rusyd dan Syah Waliyullah. Walau bagaimanapun, artikel ini meninjau kajian yang dilakukan oleh pengkaji kontemporari di seluruh dunia terhadap al-Ghazali. Kajian ini menggunakan pendekatan bibliometrik dengan memfokuskan pangkalan data Scopus bagi meninjau serta menganalisis pola penerbitan yang telah dijalankan oleh sarjana dan ahli akademik terhadap pemikiran dan sumbangan al-Ghazali. Dapatan mendapati bahawa terdapat ramai profesor dan ahli penyelidik yang menghasilkan serta menerbitkan penulisan yang pelbagai berhubung beliau dalam pelbagai lapisan bidang. Ini menunjukkan al-Ghazali seorang tokoh yang menjadi tumpuan para sarjana baik penelitian menerusi pemikirannya mahupun karyanya. Oleh yang demikian, kajian ini diharap dapat memberikan gambaran sebenar tentang pola penerbitan mengenai al-Ghazali dalam pangkalan data antarabangsa serta menggalakkan para penulis, penyelidik mahupun sarjana untuk menjalankan penelitian, penyelidikan, seterusnya meningkatkan penerbitan mengenai tokoh muktabar Islam ini. Ini juga secara tidak langsung mengangkat tokoh tradisional pada era moden.
加扎利是5世纪的伊斯兰穆斯林。他作为伊斯兰思想家的傲慢。加扎利是一个坚持要求和探索知识的人。当许多人在他所学的各个科学学科中创作作品或写作时，他的伟大是不可否认的。关于加扎利书（我创造了一本书，我创造了书，我也创造了书等等。这部作品影响了伊斯兰教的余波，如Jalaluddin ar Rumi、Syeikh Al Ashraf、Rusyd和Syah Waliyullah的儿子。然而，本文回顾了世界各地当代研究人员对加扎利的研究。本研究采用文献计量方法，重点关注Scopus数据库，回顾和分析学生和学者针对加扎利的思想和贡献进行的出版模式。Discovery发现，在各个领域的各个层面上，都有许多教授和研究人员创作和发表与他有关的各种作品。这向加扎利展示了一个既是他思想的焦点，也是他作品的焦点的人物。因此，本研究希望能真实了解加扎利在国际数据库中的出版模式，并鼓励作家、研究人员和学生进行研究，进一步增加这部伊斯兰小说的出版量。它也间接地提升了现代的传统品格。
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