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Religion and Law in the Post-Secular World: Cooperation Between the State and Religions in Legislative Activities 后世俗世界的宗教与法律:国家与宗教在立法活动中的合作
IF 0.6 Pub Date : 2022-12-25 DOI: 10.24234/wisdom.v24i4.954
Alexey A. Ovchinnikov, M. Fominskaya, A. Konopiy, A. Vasiliev
Because the post-secularity gradually becomes customary and shared by everyone, the authors conclude that it is necessary to recognize the important role of different religions in the lawmaking. The article attempts to analyze the influence of religious views and ideas on the modern law, including the impact of different religions on the modern legislative process. An important conclusion that the authors come to is that existing religions remain one of the most effective and active subjects of the civil society. Their role in the humanization of law remains traditionally significant, and the exclusion of religions from lawmaking during the period of theomachy in the USSR had a negative impact on the national legal culture and legal mentality of the Russian people.
由于后世俗主义逐渐成为一种习惯,并为所有人所共有,因此有必要承认不同宗教在立法中的重要作用。本文试图分析宗教观和思想对现代法律的影响,包括不同宗教对现代立法过程的影响。作者得出的一个重要结论是,现存的宗教仍然是公民社会中最有效和最活跃的主体之一。它们在法律人性化方面的作用在传统上仍然具有重要意义,苏联神权时期将宗教排除在立法之外对俄罗斯人民的民族法律文化和法律心态产生了负面影响。
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引用次数: 0
Linos G. BENAKIS
IF 0.6 Pub Date : 2022-12-25 DOI: 10.24234/wisdom.v24i4.958
Georgia Apostolopoulou
The Historian of Byzantine Philosophy Dr. Phil. Dr. h. c. Linos G. Benakis
拜占庭哲学历史学家菲尔博士。h.c. Linos G. Benakis博士
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引用次数: 0
Philosophical-Linguistic Analysis of the Idea of Freedom 自由观念的哲学-语言学分析
IF 0.6 Pub Date : 2022-12-25 DOI: 10.24234/wisdom.v24i4.708
N. Ravochkin
In recent decades, ideal factors have become an independent force for the implementation of social transformations. At the same time, the question remains debatable, what caused the change in the original meanings and, as a result, the unequal implementation of social ideas in practice. The methodology of linguistic analysis is considered. The importance of considering contextual realities for a more valid understanding of the transformation of the content of social ideas is determined. Changes in the meanings of the idea of freedom are analyzed. It is revealed which maxims were the cornerstones of English, American, French and Russian theorists. It is shown how the aspirations of actors can limit the imp­lementation of freedoms in practice, depending on general social needs.
近几十年来,理想因素已经成为推动社会变革的独立力量。与此同时,是什么原因导致了原始含义的变化,从而导致了社会理念在实践中的不平等执行,这个问题仍然存在争议。考虑了语言分析的方法论。考虑上下文现实对于更有效地理解社会观念内容的转变的重要性是确定的。分析了自由观念意义的变化。揭示了哪些格言是英国、美国、法国和俄罗斯理论家的基石。它显示了行动者的愿望如何根据一般社会需要在实践中限制自由的执行。
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引用次数: 0
The Philosophy of External Public Debt Management 对外公共债务管理哲学
IF 0.6 Pub Date : 2022-12-25 DOI: 10.24234/wisdom.v24i4.945
Ashot Matevosyan, A. Grigoryan
The main goal of the presented article is to propose effective solutions in the philosophical context of the management of the foreign public debt of RA. The Government of the RA should adopt as a priority the philosophy of attracting borrowed funds from the domestic market.Considering also the fact that the Republic of Armenia relied on the philosophy of ensuring double-digit economic growth, having a long-term goal to increase the real GDP indicator, which will ultimately contribute to reducing the volume of debt obligations. As a priority contributing to this goal, the RA Government intends to significantly increase the volume of trade turnover[1], especially in connection with the current geopolitical situation, when Armenia, in particular, is the “gateway of Europe” for Russia, which is the main trading partner.[1]  In 2021, major trading partners of the RA included Russia from the CIS countries (31.4% of trade turnover, compared to 30.6% of the previous year), and from the EU and other countries China (15% and 13.5%, respectively), Iran (6.0% and 5.6 %), Switzerland (4.6% and 6.6%), Germany (3.5% and 4.2%), Italy (3.4% and 3.3%), Bulgaria (2.7% and 2.4%) and the Netherlands (2.7% and 1.8%). Source: RA Ministry of Finance www.minfin.am.
本文的主要目的是在RA外国公共债务管理的哲学背景下提出有效的解决方案。RA政府应优先采取从国内市场吸引借来资金的理念。还考虑到亚美尼亚共和国依靠确保两位数经济增长的理念,其长期目标是提高实际国内总产值指标,这最终将有助于减少债务数额。作为实现这一目标的优先事项,亚美尼亚政府打算大幅增加贸易额[1],特别是考虑到当前的地缘政治形势,特别是亚美尼亚是俄罗斯的“欧洲门户”,俄罗斯是亚美尼亚的主要贸易伙伴[1]。2021年,RA的主要贸易伙伴包括独联体国家的俄罗斯(占贸易额的31.4%,前一年为30.6%)、欧盟和其他国家的中国(分别占15%和13.5%)、伊朗(6.0%和5.6%)、瑞士(4.6%和6.6%)、德国(3.5%和4.2%)、意大利(3.4%和3.3%)、保加利亚(2.7%和2.4%)和荷兰(2.7%和1.8%)。来源:RA Ministry of Finance www.minfin.am。
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引用次数: 0
Revisiting the Originality of Indonesian Philosophy (Indonesian Humankind and Philosophical Identity) 重新审视印尼哲学的原创性(印尼人类与哲学同一性)
IF 0.6 Pub Date : 2022-12-25 DOI: 10.24234/wisdom.v24i4.923
Anthonny Susanto, Mohammad Alvi Pratama
In the Indonesian context, philosophy is described as human philosophy, which attempts to reflect and bring together basic and complicated concepts about humans and the surrounding life. Indonesian Philosophy is articulated by at least three meanings. To begin, Indonesian are evaluated via Western interpretations, notably colonialization, for the advantage of the West. The second perspective, views Indonesians through the lens of indigenous knowledge who develop a fighting spirit to escape oppression, this perspective has objective resistance and freedom from colonialism.The third perspective integrates Western and indigenous Indonesian philosophy, notably by integrating what is deemed beneficial in the West with indigenous Indonesian concepts. Indonesian people are viewed through their traditional lens and progress during the globalization and digitization era. Indonesian are described as imaginative individuals who possess cognitive, emotional and spiritual intelligence.The discussion of Indonesian philosophy as a separate identity involves three fundamental interconnected topics: Indonesian human conceptions, Indonesian culture, and Indonesian thoughts or souls. The description of Indonesian is the most difficult to explain because this description is not only about physical structures, the brain and intelligence, but also about how personality, life, oneness with nature, and merging chages of Indonesians can be distinguished from those of other.
在印度尼西亚的语境中,哲学被描述为人类哲学,它试图反映和汇集关于人类和周围生活的基本和复杂的概念。印尼哲学至少有三种含义。首先,印尼语是通过西方的解释来评估的,特别是殖民化,为了西方的利益。第二种视角,透过原住民知识的视角来看待印尼人,他们发展出反抗压迫的战斗精神,这种视角具有客观的抵抗性和免于殖民主义的自由。第三种观点整合了西方和印尼本土的哲学,特别是将西方认为有益的东西与印尼本土的概念相结合。在全球化和数字化时代,通过传统的视角来看待印尼人民。印尼人被描述为具有认知、情感和精神智能的富有想象力的个体。将印尼哲学作为一种独立的身份进行讨论,涉及三个相互关联的基本主题:印尼人的观念、印尼文化和印尼的思想或灵魂。印尼语的描述是最难解释的,因为这种描述不仅涉及到身体结构、大脑和智力,还涉及到印尼人的个性、生活、与自然的合一以及融合变化如何与其他印尼人区别开来。
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引用次数: 0
Art as Inner Knowledge: Dino Valls 作为内在知识的艺术:迪诺·瓦尔斯
IF 0.6 Pub Date : 2022-12-25 DOI: 10.24234/wisdom.v24i4.943
Lucio Giuliodori, E. Notina, I. Bykova
The marriage between painting and psychology is certainly propaedeutic to inner research as well as to artistic expression tout court. The contemporary Spanish painter Dino Valls falls within this perspective as his art is utterly bipolar and focused on the two sides mentioned above: on the one hand the expressiveness supported by an outstanding technique, a broad cultural background and a downright innovative style, on the other hand, the search for oneself through the Jungian tool of active imagination. Through the latter, the painter investigates his inner world, testing himself in an extremely original and fascinating “psychoanalysis through art”.The intent of this paper is twofold: firstly it intends to highlight the prominence of Dino Valls in the contemporary world art scene highlighting both his relationship with the Surrealist heritage, and his Jungian matrix, real foundation of his inspiration; secondly the paper aims to cast light on the concept of inner investigation, which turns to be the aim and the motor of his whole artistic commitment, giving art an utterly philosophical purpose.
绘画与心理学的结合无疑有助于内在研究和艺术表达。西班牙当代画家迪诺·瓦尔斯(Dino Valls)就属于这一视角,他的艺术完全是两极的,专注于上述两个方面:一方面是卓越的技术、广阔的文化背景和彻头彻尾的创新风格所支撑的表现力,另一方面是通过荣格式的积极想象工具来寻找自我。通过后者,画家探索自己的内心世界,以一种极具原创性和迷人的“通过艺术进行精神分析”来检验自己。本文的意图是双重的:首先,它旨在突出迪诺·瓦尔斯在当代世界艺术舞台上的突出地位,突出他与超现实主义遗产的关系,以及他的荣格矩阵,他的灵感的真正基础;其次,本文旨在阐明“内在探究”的概念,这一概念成为他整个艺术承诺的目标和动力,使艺术具有完全的哲学目的。
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引用次数: 0
Philosophical-Anthropological Concepts of Subject and Subjectivity as a Genesis of Women’s Emancipation 哲学人类学的主体性和主体性概念是妇女解放的根源
IF 0.6 Pub Date : 2022-12-25 DOI: 10.24234/wisdom.v24i4.953
Naira Hambardzumyan, Siranush Parsadanyan
The study examine the problems existing in the Ottoman Empire of the second half of the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th century, which are related to the philosophical-antropological categories of subject and subjectivity in male-female relationships, the identification of female-male identities, to the internal domains of their coverage, as well as the possibilities of women’s emancipation and realization of their rights in a patriarchal society.The philosophical concepts of woman-subject and subjectivity were studied based on the philosophical-anthropological-feminist contexts of the works of Western Armenian female authors who were engaged in literary activities in the second half of the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th century, as well as the contexts of socio-cultural and conceptual transformations of women’s emancipation.Their manifestations and changes in society are viewed as the genesis of women’s emancipation. This is an interdisciplinary study, so the material has been analyzed in the context of mutual connections and relationships between Philosophy, Literary Studies and Anthropology. The research is unprecedented since analysis of this kind has been attempted for the first time. It is also important and up-to-date in terms of analyses of women’s issues in the scope of Armenological Studies.
本研究考察了19世纪下半叶和20世纪初奥斯曼帝国存在的问题,这些问题与男女关系中的主体和主体性的哲学人类学范畴、男女身份的识别、其覆盖的内部领域以及妇女在父权社会中解放和实现其权利的可能性有关。基于19世纪下半叶和20世纪初从事文学活动的西方亚美尼亚女作家作品的哲学-人类学-女权主义背景,以及妇女解放的社会文化和观念转变背景,研究了女性主体和主体性的哲学概念。她们在社会中的表现和变化被视为妇女解放的起源。这是一项跨学科的研究,所以这些材料是在哲学、文学研究和人类学之间相互联系和关系的背景下进行分析的。这项研究是史无前例的,因为这种分析是第一次尝试。在亚美尼亚研究范围内对妇女问题的分析方面,它也是重要的和最新的。
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引用次数: 1
Genetic Determinism and the Problem of Moral Responsibility or is Morality Possible Without Freedom? 基因决定论与道德责任问题或没有自由道德可能吗?
IF 0.6 Pub Date : 2022-12-25 DOI: 10.24234/wisdom.v24i4.949
Anastasiya Abramova, Viktoria Abramova, Vladimir A. Vetrov, O. Aleshina
The research devoted to freedom and responsibility proceeds only “inside” philosophical knowledge, and therefore there is a certain limitation. Only the synthesis of ideological positions will allow to open the veil of secrets of human actions. The article states that there are two clearly expressed positions regarding the causes of human behavior: the first is based on the theory of the synthetic evolution and emphasizes its biological (genetic) origin; the second rejects the biological conditionality of actions, because deterministic statements make people perceive their genome as an inescapable fate.To agree with the lack of freedom means to accept the lack of moral responsibility. Without asserting the truth of the predestination of human behavior, the authors believe that such “philosophical perseverance” can not only lead scientists to a dead end, but also slow down the development of those studies that are associated with the introduction of new technologies, including medical ones based on discoveries in the field of genetics. Therefore, in order to “remove” ethical restrictions, the authors attempted to prove the possibility of freedom even within the framework of deterministic behavior by clarifying the essence of “subordination to the principle”, with which moral responsibility is associated.
对自由和责任的研究只在哲学知识的“内部”进行,因此有一定的局限性。只有综合意识形态立场,才能揭开人类行为秘密的面纱。文章指出,关于人类行为的成因有两种明确的立场:第一种是基于合成进化理论,强调其生物(遗传)起源;第二种反对行为的生物条件,因为确定性陈述使人们认为他们的基因组是不可避免的命运。同意自由的缺乏意味着接受道德责任的缺乏。在不断言人类行为的宿命的情况下,作者认为,这种“哲学上的坚持”不仅会把科学家引向死胡同,而且还会减缓那些与引进新技术有关的研究的发展,包括基于遗传学领域发现的医学研究。因此,为了“消除”伦理限制,作者试图通过澄清“服从原则”的本质来证明即使在决定论行为的框架内自由的可能性,而道德责任与“服从原则”是相关联的。
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引用次数: 0
The Issue of Regulating Human Rights and Freedoms in Modern Transforming Society 现代转型社会中的人权与自由规制问题
IF 0.6 Pub Date : 2022-12-25 DOI: 10.24234/wisdom.v24i4.956
Yulia M. Sergeeva, N. Mishina, G. Patiulin, O. Mishurova, T. Panina, R. Livanova
The development of the institute of human rights and civil freedoms in any state indicates the level of its own development, while the proper mechanism for implementing the norms that enshrine human rights and civil freedoms testifies to democracy, law and order, the legality and legal level of this state. The article aims at studying the legal mechanism for implementing and protecting human rights and freedoms in modern conditions. The authors of the article have revealed that the Russian society grows aware of human rights and freedoms, which can be regarded as the beginning of the spiritual revival of the Russian Federation. The ideology of rights is now generally recognized and required by both government and society. From the viewpoint of this ideology, the Soviet and post-Soviet views should be reassessed and projected onto the near and distant future. The authors have proved that the realization of individual rights is a complex and multifaceted phenomenon that includes not only the activities of law enforcement agencies but also the activities of individuals. They have also established that the individual’s activity in such implementation depends on the level of legal consciousness, legal culture and legal awareness.
一个国家的人权和公民自由制度的发展,反映了这个国家的发展水平;一个国家的人权和公民自由准则的执行机制是否健全,也反映了这个国家的民主、法治和法制水平。本文旨在研究现代条件下实施和保护人权与自由的法律机制。这篇文章的作者透露,俄罗斯社会越来越意识到人权和自由,这可以被视为俄罗斯联邦精神复兴的开始。权利意识形态现在已经得到政府和社会的普遍认可和要求。从这种意识形态的角度来看,苏联和后苏联的观点应该被重新评估,并投射到近期和遥远的未来。作者证明,个人权利的实现是一个复杂和多方面的现象,不仅包括执法机构的活动,也包括个人的活动。他们还确定,个人在这种执行中的活动取决于法律意识、法律文化和法律意识的水平。
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引用次数: 3
Philosophical Analysis of the Concept Human Situation “人的处境”概念的哲学分析
IF 0.6 Pub Date : 2022-12-25 DOI: 10.24234/wisdom.v24i4.827
V. Kaluha, O. Ishchenko, O. Koliada, V. Puhach, Yuliia Sierova, N. Yukhymenko, Lesia Levchenko
Modern man, community, and humanity as a whole have become apprehensive about their future. Globally, there is a particular concern about the paradoxical tying of the Gordian knot, which is essentially triggered by contradictions caused by antagonistic problems in the fields of ecology, demography and economics. There are several ways to overcome the challenge that the world and man face. Firstly, radical, when one of the spheres is given in for the sake of one or two others. Secondly, the systematic distraction of the masses from critical issues. Thirdly, alternative, the shift of attention from popular methods and means of solving the current critical problems in favor of non-linear ones, i.e. those related to unconventional views on a given problem and approaches to its solution. Understanding of the human situation can lead to some encouraging results by means of focusing attention of the significant majority of the humankind represented by the so-called leaders of public opinion. Basically, under given circumstances, the principle, according to which real change starts with the people themselves, their intention to change, will be effective. In this case, in contrast to violence, coercion, manipulation, bribery and blackmail, the modus operandi of maintaining social interaction will be responsibility, meaningfulness, respect, a sense of proportion and tact.
现代人、社会和人类作为一个整体已经对他们的未来感到忧虑。在全球范围内,人们特别关注戈蒂安结的矛盾关系,这主要是由生态、人口和经济领域的对立问题所引起的矛盾所引发的。有几种方法可以克服世界和人类面临的挑战。首先是激进的,当一个领域为了另一个或两个领域而放弃时。第二,有计划地分散群众对关键问题的注意力。第三,另类,将注意力从解决当前关键问题的流行方法和手段转向非线性问题,即对给定问题及其解决方法的非常规观点。通过把以所谓舆论领袖为代表的绝大多数人的注意力集中起来,对人类局势的了解可以导致一些令人鼓舞的结果。基本上,在特定的情况下,真正的改变从人民自己开始的原则,他们改变的意图,将是有效的。在这种情况下,与暴力、胁迫、操纵、贿赂和勒索相比,维持社会互动的方式将是责任、意义、尊重、分寸和机智。
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引用次数: 0
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