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Trinitary Approach as a Methodological Principle of Transcendental Psychology 作为先验心理学方法论原则的三位一体方法
IF 0.6 Pub Date : 2023-03-25 DOI: 10.24234/wisdom.v25i1.971
Gor Yesayan, Ruben Naghdyan
At present, according to many psychologists, the methodology of psychology is in a state of crisis, the reasons for which are quite deep and go beyond psychology. It is becoming increasingly clear that psychology and the methodology of psychology, in particular, cannot do without turning to philosophy when tackling its issues, hoping that it is the philosophical analysis of the universal laws of nature that will allow the methodology of psychology to be built on a more fundamental basis.This article is one of such attempts that shows the possibility of applying a trinitarian approach to solve some problems in psychology.To demonstrate the universality of the manifestations of the principle of trinity in nature and cognition, the article, as far as its scopes allow to, provides examples of the manifestation of triads in philosophy, physics, mathematics, anatomy, physiology, and in the psychological concepts of B. Skinner, S. Freud, C. G. Jung, E. Bern and M. Erickson.The possibility of using trinitarity as a methodological principle of psychology is shown in the example of the analysis of the mechanisms of the generative process of perception studied in transcendental psychology.
目前,许多心理学家认为,心理学的方法论处于危机状态,其原因是相当深刻的,而且超出了心理学的范畴。越来越清楚的是,心理学,尤其是心理学方法论,在解决问题时离不开哲学,希望通过对普遍自然规律的哲学分析,使心理学方法论建立在更基本的基础上。这篇文章就是这样的尝试之一,它展示了应用三位一体的方法来解决心理学中的一些问题的可能性。为了证明三位一体原则在自然界和认知中的普遍性,本文在其范围允许的范围内,提供了哲学、物理学、数学、解剖学、生理学以及斯金纳、弗洛伊德、荣格、伯尔尼和埃里克森等人的心理学概念中三位一体表现的例子。用三位一体作为心理学方法论原则的可能性,在先验心理学研究的感知生成过程机制分析的例子中得到了体现。
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引用次数: 0
Problems of Insurance in the Coming Age of Disasters 即将到来的灾害时代的保险问题
IF 0.6 Pub Date : 2023-03-25 DOI: 10.24234/wisdom.v25i1.906
Ellectrananda Anugerah ASH-SHIDIQQI, Aidul Fitriciada Azhari, Kelik Wardiono, Wardah Yuspin
The existence of disaster insurance in Indonesia is particularly important because the area is prone to disasters, especially for MSMEs.Increasing resistance to hazards from climate change and disasters can benefit greatly from well-designed insurance programs.The insurance system used must be effective and ideal, which is the basis for the thinking in writing this paper. The purpose of this study analyzes the status, types, and evolution of market-based disaster insurance schemes required in Indonesia by considering that natural disaster insurance is extremely important. Indonesia still do not have coverage options. Where insurance coverage does exist, it is frequently enforced by mandated insurance and credit-linked goods, as well as premium subsidies. It is expected from the findings and creations arise from the paper goal to develop a good, efficient, and ideal natural catastrophe insurance system for the people of Indonesia. It is also hoped that this writing would be effectively put into practice in the future, bringing wealth to those who have been affected by natural disasters. As a result, all tiers of Indonesian society can achieve the common goal of the Indonesian people, which is to achieve community welfare and protection.
印尼的灾害保险尤其重要,因为该地区容易发生灾害,对中小微企业来说尤其如此。提高对气候变化和灾害的抵抗力可以从精心设计的保险计划中受益匪浅。所采用的保险制度必须是有效的、理想的,这是本文写作思考的基础。考虑到自然灾害保险的重要性,本研究的目的是分析印尼市场灾害保险计划的现状、类型和演变。印尼仍然没有保险选择。在确实存在保险覆盖的地方,通常是通过强制保险和信贷相关商品以及保费补贴来实施的。从论文的发现和创造中,我们期望为印度尼西亚人民建立一个良好、高效和理想的自然灾害保险制度。也希望这些文字在未来能够有效地付诸实践,为那些受到自然灾害影响的人们带来财富。因此,印尼社会各阶层都可以实现印尼人民的共同目标,即实现社区福利和保护。
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引用次数: 0
Fiction Text as a Means of Forming Learners’ Sociocultural Competence 小说文本是培养学习者社会文化能力的一种手段
IF 0.6 Pub Date : 2023-03-25 DOI: 10.24234/wisdom.v25i1.964
E. Avetisyan, I. Karapetyan
Fiction texts are an effective means of systematic teaching language and culture. A fiction text, as the most effective means of developing intercultural competence, motivates, involves the reader in a kind of cognitive process, causes aesthetic pleasure, develops aesthetic taste, critical and creative thinking. Reading a fiction text enables learners to master the behavior patterns characteristic of a given ethno-cultural society, sociocultural markers, sociocultural norms, traditions, and rituals.Fiction texts as an important means of forming sociocultural competence performs functions of motivating, involving the reader in a unique cognitive process, giving aesthetic pleasure, developing aesthetic taste, critical and creative thinking.The reading of the literary-fiction text provides an opportunity to learn the models of behavior, cultural markers, cultural norms of communicative behavior, public and individual conventions, traditions and rituals characteristic of the given ethno-cultural community.
小说文本是系统教学语言文化的有效手段。小说文本作为培养跨文化交际能力最有效的手段,激发和介入读者的认知过程,引起审美愉悦,培养审美情趣,培养批判性和创造性思维。阅读小说文本使学习者能够掌握特定民族文化社会的行为模式特征、社会文化标志、社会文化规范、传统和仪式。小说文本作为形成社会文化能力的重要手段,具有激励、引导读者参与独特的认知过程、给予审美愉悦、培养审美情趣、批判性思维和创造性思维等功能。文学小说文本的阅读提供了一个学习行为模式、文化标志、交际行为的文化规范、公共和个人惯例、传统和特定民族文化社区特征的仪式的机会。
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引用次数: 0
The Methodology for Evaluating the Quality of Social-Pedagogical Activity in the General Education Schools of the Republic of Armenia 评价亚美尼亚共和国普通教育学校社会教学活动质量的方法
IF 0.6 Pub Date : 2023-03-25 DOI: 10.24234/wisdom.v25i1.965
Hakob Tadevosyan
The article discusses the need for sociо-pedagogial activities in schools of Armenia and the existing problems in this area. The article substantiates the expediency of expanding the content of activities and duties of social pedagogues working in general education schools of the Republic of Armenia, as well as in regional pedagogical and psychological centers. In fact, they are included only in work with children with special educational needs. However, the main content of the work of a social pedagogue in a comprehensive school should be aimed at solving the problems of socialization of all schoolchildren.In the article, we proposed indicators, standards, a formula combining qualitative and quantitative indicators, which ensure the measurability and objectivity of the assessment of the quality of socio-pedagogical activities.The article presents the methods for evaluating the quality of social-pedagogical activity in the public schools of Armenia. We have created three standards and the ten criteria for evaluating the quality of social-pedagogical activity. The methodology for assessing the quality of socio-pedagogical activity presented in the article is universal, in the case of adapting standards and indicators, it can be applied in almost all areas of activity of the social pedagogue.
文章论述了亚美尼亚学校开展社会教育活动的必要性和存在的问题。这篇文章证实了扩大亚美尼亚共和国普通教育学校以及区域教学和心理中心的社会教师的活动内容和职责的便利性。事实上,他们只被包括在有特殊教育需要的儿童的工作中。然而,综合学校社会教师工作的主要内容应以解决所有学童的社会化问题为目标。在本文中,我们提出了指标、标准、定性指标与定量指标相结合的公式,保证了社会教育活动质量评估的可测量性和客观性。本文介绍了评价亚美尼亚公立学校社会教学活动质量的方法。我们制定了社会教学活动质量评价的三个标准和十个标准。文章中提出的评估社会教育活动质量的方法是普遍的,在调整标准和指标的情况下,它可以应用于社会教育活动的几乎所有领域。
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引用次数: 0
Semantic and Formal Image of Concepts Related to “Sensory Perceptions” Preserved from the Indo-European Language in the Dialect Area 从方言区保存下来的印欧语中与“感觉知觉”有关的概念的语义和形式意象
IF 0.6 Pub Date : 2023-03-25 DOI: 10.24234/wisdom.v25i1.959
Mher Kumunts, Inga Margaryan, Lusine Nersisyan
Syunik and Artsakh (Kharabagh) are the greatest dialectical areas in the Armenian language which has a rich vocabulary. In the dialectical vocabulary there are large number of words of Indo-European origin which are missing not only in other dialects but also in many languages of Indo-European origin. One of the problems of comparative linguistics is that etymological studies do not pay much attention to dialectical vocabulary. The study of the words of the thematic group “Sensory Perceptions” can provide important material on the religious-philosophical issues of the peoples living in the historical area. An attempt was made to study the old words of the dialect area of Syunik and Artsakh, which refer to “sensory perceptions”.In this work a new dialectical work is being etymologized: shapaghwith the meaning “1.Reflexion, flash, 2. Ra-diant, bright, shiny” which has a different phonetical and semantical version in the Armenian translation of the “Bible”: shaghpaghp.An attempt was made to check the word simultaneously and to discover its perception in the most ancient examples of the translation of the Bible by using the historical-comparative method.Often, through the etymology of archaisms preserved in the language, valuable information is revealed about the religious-philosophical understandings of the ancient world.
Syunik和Artsakh (Kharabagh)是亚美尼亚语中最大的辩证区域,拥有丰富的词汇。在辩证词汇中有大量的印欧语源词汇,这些词汇不仅在其他方言中没有,而且在许多印欧语源语言中也没有。比较语言学的一个问题是语源学研究不重视辩证词汇。研究“感官知觉”专题组的词语,可以为研究历史区域内各民族的宗教哲学问题提供重要的资料。研究人员试图研究Syunik和Artsakh方言地区的旧词,这些词指的是“感官知觉”。在这部作品中,一个新的辩证作品正在被词源化:具有“1”意义的形状。反射,闪光,2。“Ra-diant,明亮,闪亮”在亚美尼亚语翻译的“圣经”中有不同的语音和语义版本:shaghpaghp。我们试图同时检查这个词,并通过使用历史比较方法在最古老的圣经翻译例子中发现它的感知。通常,通过语言中保存的古语的词源,揭示了对古代世界的宗教哲学理解的宝贵信息。
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引用次数: 0
The Evolutionary Mechanisms for Tolerance and Social Humanism Development in Education and Medicine: A Post-Capitalist Discourse 教育和医学领域宽容与社会人文主义发展的进化机制:一个后资本主义的话语
IF 0.6 Pub Date : 2023-03-25 DOI: 10.24234/wisdom.v25i1.980
I. Utiuzh, N. Kovtun, S. Hrebin, F. Vlasenko, V. Volkova
The article is concerned with the substantive nature of late capitalism, which determines all spheres of social existence. It is clarified that neoliberal ideology forms a special type of socio-cultural relations, in which the politics’ technocratic nature disregards humanitarian and cultural aspects and doubts the very existence of the social. Under the circumstances of IT intensified development and real crisis of capitalism, the fundamental process of human-human interaction is ignored, consequently resulting in the loss of the human’s fundamental feature, that is, his sociality. Socio-philosophical research in modern realities is assigned to actualize the issues of spiritual production related to preservation of the social as the ontological essence of society existence in the future. Therefore, our paper aims to analyze the socio-productive function of education and medicine in the formation of a humanitarian and anthropological model of preserving social partnership and tolerance in modern society as opposed to the disappointing and disturbing experience of chronic social pathologies, medicalization and formation of the “remission society” model within the framework of capitalism.The formation of a humanitarian and anthropological model of preserving the social consists in actualizing the evolutionary mechanisms for social humanism, which is the basic characteristic of the post-capitalist reality.
这篇文章关注的是晚期资本主义的实质性质,它决定了社会存在的所有领域。新自由主义意识形态形成了一种特殊类型的社会文化关系,其中政治的技术官僚性质无视人道主义和文化方面,并怀疑社会主义的存在。在信息技术加速发展和资本主义真正危机的情况下,人与人之间互动的基本过程被忽视,从而导致人的基本特征即社会性的丧失。现代现实中的社会哲学研究的任务是实现与保存社会作为未来社会存在的本体论本质相关的精神生产问题。因此,我们的论文旨在分析教育和医学的社会生产功能,以形成现代社会中维护社会伙伴关系和宽容的人道主义和人类学模式,而不是资本主义框架内慢性社会疾病,医疗化和“缓解社会”模式形成的令人失望和不安的经验。人道主义和人类学社会保护模式的形成,在于实现社会人文主义的进化机制,这是后资本主义现实的基本特征。
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引用次数: 0
Philosophical and Legal Foundation of the Study of Legal Interpretation Technique 法律解释技术研究的哲学与法律基础
IF 0.6 Pub Date : 2023-03-25 DOI: 10.24234/wisdom.v25i1.984
I. Kozhokar, Konstantin E. Sigalov, E. Rusakova
The article deals with the philosophical and legal foundations of legal interpretation technique. In particular it is pointed out that in spite of the fact that the legal interpretation is an integral procedure realized within the framework of law implementation (especially - law enforcement), at the same time it has its own meaning and due to this fact deserves a separate scientific attention. Legal interpretation is aimed not simply at clarification of the meaning of normative or other prescriptions, but at finding out the actual will of the legislator. It is pointed out that, contrary to the “classical” postulates of legal interpretation, the source material for interpretation is not only the texts of normative legal acts. It is clear that in the countries of the Anglo-Saxon legal family interpretation is aimed at clarification of general principles, legal trends, which are reflected in the judicial precedents on similar cases. However, in the countries of the Romano-Germanic legal family there is also a significant shift of reference points towards the analysis not only of the normative text, but also of judicial practice.
本文论述了法律解释技术的哲学基础和法律基础。特别指出,尽管法律解释是在法律实施(特别是执法)框架内实现的一个整体程序,但同时它也有其自身的意义,因此值得单独的科学关注。法律解释的目的不是简单地澄清规范性或其他规定的含义,而是要找出立法者的实际意志。本文指出,与法律解释的“经典”假设相反,解释的来源材料不仅仅是规范性法律行为的文本。很明显,在盎格鲁-撒克逊法律家庭的国家,解释的目的是澄清一般原则、法律趋势,这反映在类似案件的司法判例中。然而,在罗马-日耳曼法系的国家中,参考点也发生了重大转变,不仅是对规范性文本的分析,而且对司法实践的分析。
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引用次数: 0
Technical University as an Innovative Factor of Culture 技术大学作为文化创新要素
IF 0.6 Pub Date : 2023-03-25 DOI: 10.24234/wisdom.v25i1.976
Svetlana A. Bezklubaya
This study aims to consider the technical university as a factor for innovation in modern culture. The author’s task is to identify the phenomenological (sociocultural) and ontological (pedagogical, personal, organizational) foundations of a technical university as an innovative factor. The methodological basis of the study is made up of identifying value concepts, a pragmatic method, and a criterion of effectiveness. The technical university as an innovative factor is revealed through research: concentration of innovations in engineering and technical activities; the cultural meaning of innovation; the peculiarities of the formation and development of the humanitarian environment by the technical university and its spiritual and moral component. The criterion of effectiveness refers to the use of pedagogical models by a technical university and a spiritual and moral component. The study deepens the understanding of the innovative factors of culture that have developed in science and makes it possible in practice to improve the technical university in line with the innovative trends of our time.
本研究旨在将技术大学视为现代文化创新的一个因素。作者的任务是确定技术大学作为创新因素的现象学(社会文化)和本体论(教学、个人、组织)基础。本研究的方法论基础是由识别价值概念、实用方法和有效性标准组成。技术大学作为创新因素的研究揭示了:创新集中在工程和技术活动中;创新的文化内涵;科技大学人文环境形成与发展的特点及其精神道德成分。有效性的标准是指技术大学对教学模式的使用,以及精神和道德的组成部分。该研究加深了对科学发展中文化创新因素的认识,为在实践中改进技术大学以适应时代创新趋势提供了可能。
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引用次数: 0
Axiomatic Epistemology 公理的认识论
IF 0.6 Pub Date : 2023-03-25 DOI: 10.24234/wisdom.v25i1.979
R. Djidjian, H. Hovhannisyan
This article is the first complete axiomatic presentation of the theory of cognition (epistemology). It presents the axioms of the theory of cognition, the definitions of the concepts and categories used in the text of the theory, and also provides detailed proofs of the propositions (theorems) arising from them. Based on this axiomatic system, evidence-based solutions to the problems (aporias) of the theory of cognition are proposed. This system of axiomatic epistemology can serve as a step in building a rigorous scientific theory of human cognition. The axioms of the proposed system follow the Aristotelian general understanding of the essence of human cognition.
本文是认识论(认识论)的第一个完整的公理化表述。它提出了认知理论的公理,理论文本中使用的概念和范畴的定义,并提供了由此产生的命题(定理)的详细证明。基于这一公理体系,提出了基于证据的认知理论问题解决方案。这种公理化认识论体系可以作为建立严谨的人类认知科学理论的一个步骤。所提出的系统的公理遵循亚里士多德对人类认知本质的一般理解。
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引用次数: 2
Philosophical and Legal Russian Thought at the Late 19th - Early 20th Century Period on the Status of Finland in the State Structure of the Russian Empire 19世纪末至20世纪初俄国哲学与法律思想&论芬兰在俄罗斯帝国国家结构中的地位
IF 0.6 Pub Date : 2023-03-25 DOI: 10.24234/wisdom.v25i1.969
V. Zobnin, Igor Kolosov
The subject of this article is the philosophical views of representatives of the legal tradition of the late period of the Russian Empire regarding the status of the Grand Duchy of Finland. The objective of this work is to conduct a philosophical and legal assessment of the views of various Russian legal theorists.This study uses philosophical cognition methods comprising, firstly, a formal dogmatic method for analysing legal instruments related to the legal status of the Grand Duchy of Finland, and secondly, a hermeneutic method in relation to the studied works of Russian legal theorists. A concrete historical method is also used.The main result of this article is to identify contradictions in the philosophical views of Russian legal theorists on the legal status of the Grand Duchy of Finland and determine all the contributing factors.The main conclusion drawn in this article is that the philosophical and theoretical views of representatives of the Russian legal tradition were significantly influenced by their initial objectives. Researchers first sought to refute the existence of a union between the Russian Empire and the Grand Duchy of Finland, which sidelined and hindered the cognition of the legal nature of relations between Russia and Finland.
本文的主题是俄罗斯帝国晚期法律传统代表对芬兰大公国地位的哲学观点。这项工作的目的是对各种俄罗斯法律理论家的观点进行哲学和法律评估。本研究使用的哲学认知方法包括:首先,一种形式教条的方法,用于分析与芬兰大公国法律地位有关的法律文书;其次,一种解释学的方法,用于研究俄罗斯法律理论家的著作。还采用了具体的历史方法。本文的主要成果是找出俄罗斯法学家关于芬兰大公国法律地位的哲学观中的矛盾,并确定所有促成矛盾的因素。本文得出的主要结论是,俄罗斯法律传统代表的哲学和理论观点受到其最初目标的重大影响。研究者首先试图驳斥俄罗斯帝国与芬兰大公国之间存在联盟的说法,因为这种说法回避并阻碍了对俄芬关系法律性质的认识。
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引用次数: 0
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