Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews最新文献_第7页

Ionic liquids for sustainable SO2 capture: Mechanisms, critical factors and prospects 离子液体可持续捕集二氧化硫：机理、关键因素和前景

IF 16.3 1区工程技术 Q1 ENERGY & FUELS

Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews

Pub Date : 2026-05-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.rser.2026.116774

Jiatong Wei , Yue Zhou , Tengjiao Wei , Haohan Jiang , Qihong Cen , Zewei Liu , Bin Li

Ionic liquids (ILs) are a new type of SO₂ absorbent, featuring low volatility and high capture efficiency. Their functionalization can be controlled by regulating anion and cation types. This article reviews the capture mechanisms of various ionic liquids for SO₂, including physical adsorption, chemical absorption, multi-point capture, and synergistic adsorption with other substances. Among them, composite adsorbents generated by ionic liquids with metal-organic frameworks or activated carbon matrices are a pioneering approach to achieve synergistic SO₂ capture. This is accomplished through optimization of pore structure, creation of high-density active adsorption sites, and enhancement of the kinetics of host-guest interactions. Under room temperature and normal pressure conditions, the capture amounts of SO₂ by different ionic liquids range from approximately 0.005 mol SO₂/mol IL to 6.30 mol SO₂/mol IL. The various influencing factors during the capture process of SO₂ by ionic liquids include temperature, pressure, the concentration of SO₂, and its solubility. Additionally, during the capture process, interference from CO₂ and NO gases will also occur. Future research is developing new ionic liquids that can efficiently capture SO₂ under extreme conditions. Designing advanced dual-functional materials that simultaneously capture SO₂ and competing gases with superior efficiency and long-term stability is also proposed. This review may provide references for the latest SO₂ capture by ionic liquids developments.

离子液体是一种新型的二氧化硫吸附剂，具有挥发性低、捕集效率高等特点。它们的功能化可以通过调节阴离子和阳离子类型来控制。本文综述了各种离子液体对SO2的吸附机理，包括物理吸附、化学吸附、多点吸附以及与其他物质的协同吸附。其中，由离子液体与金属有机骨架或活性炭基质生成的复合吸附剂是实现协同SO2捕获的开创性方法。这是通过优化孔隙结构、创建高密度活性吸附位点和增强主-客体相互作用动力学来实现的。在室温和常压条件下，不同离子液体对SO2的捕获量约为0.005 ~ 6.30 mol SO2/mol IL。影响离子液体对SO2捕获过程的因素包括温度、压力、SO2浓度及其溶解度。此外，在捕集过程中，还会发生CO2和NO气体的干扰。未来的研究是开发能够在极端条件下有效捕获二氧化硫的新型离子液体。设计先进的双功能材料，同时捕获二氧化硫和竞争气体，具有优越的效率和长期稳定性。本文综述为离子液体捕集二氧化硫的最新发展提供参考。

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引用次数: 0

Durability-informed life cycle assessment of concrete through machine learning for service life prediction 通过机器学习进行混凝土寿命预测的耐久性信息生命周期评估

IF 16.3 1区工程技术 Q1 ENERGY & FUELS

Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews

Pub Date : 2026-05-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.rser.2026.116730

Majdi Flah , Afshin Marani , Ahmed R. Suleiman , Moncef L. Nehdi

Sustainable concrete infrastructure cannot be achieved through prescriptive mix design or carbon accounting frameworks that neglect material deterioration. Despite advances in durability science, machine learning (ML), service-life modeling, and life-cycle assessment (LCA), these domains remain misaligned because they quantify performance using incompatible metrics. Durability research characterizes performance through transport-controlled degradation processes; ML infers performance statistically across heterogeneous datasets; service-life analysis defines performance by the timing of corrosion limit states; and LCA evaluates performance using functional units (FUs) often decoupled from degradation mechanisms. This fragmentation underpins many sustainability claims for low-clinker concretes. This review shows that transport parameters governing chloride ingress and carbonation vary by one to two orders of magnitude across binder systems due to chemistry, curing regime, moisture history, exposure conditions, and test methodology. Such variability destabilizes deterministic service-life predictions and renders conventional mass- or strength-based LCA comparisons physically inconsistent. While ML approaches can reduce statistical scatter, predictions remain unreliable when deterioration mechanisms, exposure descriptors, and depassivation criteria are not explicitly embedded. Within LCA, FU selection exerts a stronger influence on environmental rankings than mixture composition itself, with rankings frequently reversing when service-life- or transport-informed FUs replace volumetric metrics. To address these limitations, the review introduces a deterioration-informed sustainability framework (DISF) that unifies ML-based durability prediction, probabilistic service-life modeling, and LCA through a shared representation of deterioration trajectories. By embedding deterioration kinetics, exposure sensitivity, and temporal performance into functional units, the framework enables comparisons of binder systems and performance, shifting sustainability assessment from static carbon metrics toward performance-based decision-making.

可持续的混凝土基础设施不能通过规范的混合设计或忽视材料恶化的碳核算框架来实现。尽管在耐久性科学、机器学习（ML）、服务寿命建模和生命周期评估（LCA）方面取得了进步，但这些领域仍然不一致，因为它们使用不兼容的指标来量化性能。耐久性研究通过运输控制的退化过程表征性能；机器学习推断跨异构数据集的统计性能；使用寿命分析通过腐蚀极限状态的时间来定义性能；LCA使用功能单元（FUs）来评估性能，通常与退化机制分离。这种碎片化支持了低熟料混凝土的许多可持续性要求。这篇综述表明，由于化学性质、固化制度、水分历史、暴露条件和测试方法的不同，在不同的粘合剂体系中，控制氯化物进入和碳化的传输参数会有一到两个数量级的变化。这种可变性破坏了确定性的使用寿命预测，并使传统的基于质量或强度的LCA比较在物理上不一致。虽然机器学习方法可以减少统计分散，但当退化机制、暴露描述符和钝化标准没有明确嵌入时，预测仍然不可靠。在LCA中，混合燃料选择对环境排名的影响比混合物组成本身更大，当使用寿命或运输信息的混合燃料取代体积指标时，排名经常反转。为了解决这些限制，该综述引入了退化信息可持续性框架（DISF），该框架通过退化轨迹的共享表示，将基于ml的耐久性预测、概率使用寿命建模和LCA结合起来。通过将退化动力学、暴露敏感性和时间性能嵌入到功能单元中，该框架可以比较粘合剂系统和性能，将可持续性评估从静态碳指标转向基于性能的决策。

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引用次数: 0

Toward resilient ceramic anion exchange membranes for sustainable microbial fuel cells: Challenges and strategies 面向可持续微生物燃料电池的弹性陶瓷阴离子交换膜：挑战与策略

IF 16.3 1区工程技术 Q1 ENERGY & FUELS

Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews

Pub Date : 2026-05-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.rser.2026.116744

Siti Nur Afifi Ahmad , Juhana Jaafar , Naoko Yoshida , Ahmad Fauzi Ismail , Farhana Aziz , Wan Norharyati Wan Salleh , Azuan Abdul Latif , Ahmad Nazri Saidin , Muhammad Izzal Ismail , Mohd Akmali Mokhter , Mohd Hafiz Dzarfan Othman , Mukhlis A Rahman

Ceramic anion exchange membranes (AEMs) are being explored as cost-effective and resilient alternatives to polymeric membranes in microbial fuel cells (MFCs), offering superior chemical stability in harsh wastewater environments. The single-chamber air-cathode (SCAC) design provides a compact, low-maintenance platform for simultaneous bioelectricity generation and wastewater treatment, with ceramic AEMs enhancing robustness against alkaline and fouling stresses. However, their specific challenges in SCAC-MFCs remain underexplored. This review addresses that gap by systematically analyzing obstacles to uninterrupted reactant supply, complete redox reactions, and sustainable power output in MFCs treating high-strength agro-industrial wastewater. Moving beyond conventional summaries, this review adopts a mechanism-driven and application-oriented framework that explicitly links fundamental challenges—spanning ion-transport limitations, electrochemical instability, hydration management, CO₂ contamination, biofouling–mineral scaling, and fabrication and manufacturing constraints—to their direct impacts on SCAC-MFC performance, as well as to targeted mitigation strategies and deployment-oriented future directions. By situating these insights within the broader context of wastewater-to-energy conversion, this review underscores the potential of ceramic AEMs as durable, scalable, and sustainable enablers of next-generation bioelectrochemical technologies.

陶瓷阴离子交换膜（AEMs）是微生物燃料电池（mfc）中具有成本效益和弹性的聚合物膜的替代品，在恶劣的废水环境中具有优越的化学稳定性。单室空气阴极（SCAC）设计为同时进行生物发电和废水处理提供了一个紧凑，低维护的平台，陶瓷AEMs增强了对碱性和污垢应力的稳健性。然而，他们在scac - mfc中的具体挑战仍未得到充分探讨。本文通过系统分析mfc处理高强度农用工业废水中不间断反应物供应、完整氧化还原反应和可持续电力输出的障碍，解决了这一差距。超越传统的总结，本综述采用了一个机制驱动和面向应用的框架，明确地将基本挑战（跨越离子传输限制、电化学不稳定性、水化管理、二氧化碳污染、生物污染、矿物结垢、制造和制造限制）与它们对SCAC-MFC性能的直接影响，以及有针对性的缓解策略和面向部署的未来方向联系起来。通过将这些见解置于废水转化为能源的更广泛背景下，本综述强调了陶瓷AEMs作为下一代生物电化学技术的耐用、可扩展和可持续的推动者的潜力。

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引用次数: 0

Hydrometallurgical recycling technologies for spent LiFePO4 batteries: Recent advances and challenges 废LiFePO4电池的湿法冶金回收技术：最新进展和挑战

IF 16.3 1区工程技术 Q1 ENERGY & FUELS

Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews

Pub Date : 2026-05-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.rser.2026.116725

Chongqing Nong , Haoran Yuan , Zejian Liu , Hui Liu , Jingkun Han , Jing Gu , Yong Chen

Green, high-value, and low-cost recycling of spent LiFePO₄ (LFP) is an urgent issue that needs to be addressed, with the increasing retirement of LFP batteries. Among the various recycling technologies, hydrometallurgy has been widely employed due to its mature processes, low energy consumption, and high metal recovery rates. Based on recent advances in hydrometallurgical technology for LFP recycling, this review systematically examines the key steps, including pretreatment, leaching, and separation/purification. The developments and challenges of the leaching process for decommissioned LFP cathodes were focused on. Comparative analysis across four dimensions (reagent consumption, leaching efficacy, economics, and environmental impact) demonstrates that oxidative leaching currently represents the highly viable method for scale-up, benefiting from its low acid consumption and high selectivity compared to conventional hydrometallurgy. Particularly, acid-free oxidative leaching drastically enhances Li selectivity and avoids undesired defects caused by the use of acid. Therefore, it is considered a highly promising solution. Extensive experimental and theoretical researches are required prior to its industrial implementation.

随着废旧LiFePO4 （LFP）电池退役的增加，绿色、高价值、低成本的回收利用是一个迫切需要解决的问题。在各种回收技术中，湿法冶金因其工艺成熟、能耗低、金属回收率高而得到广泛应用。根据近年来湿法冶金技术的最新进展，本文系统地介绍了湿法冶金回收LFP的关键步骤，包括预处理、浸出和分离纯化。重点介绍了退役LFP阴极浸出工艺的发展和挑战。通过四个维度（试剂消耗、浸出效率、经济和环境影响）的比较分析表明，与传统湿法冶金相比，氧化浸出具有低酸消耗和高选择性，目前是一种非常可行的扩大规模的方法。特别是，无酸氧化浸出极大地提高了锂的选择性，避免了因酸的使用而引起的不良缺陷。因此，它被认为是一个非常有前途的解决方案。在工业应用之前，需要进行广泛的实验和理论研究。

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引用次数: 0

From source to storage: An extensive review of hydrogen production, purification and storage for modern energy applications 从源头到储存：对现代能源应用中氢气的生产、净化和储存进行了广泛的回顾

IF 16.3 1区工程技术 Q1 ENERGY & FUELS

Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews

Pub Date : 2026-05-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.rser.2026.116755

Abhranil Mitra , Sudarshan Gnanavendan , Avrok Ghosh , Akshit Shahi , Vinod Kumar Sharma , Shweta B. Thomas , Benedict Thomas

The future of clean energy hinges on efficient and safe hydrogen storage, with high-pressure technologies playing a pivotal role. This extensive review delves into the various methods of storing hydrogen at high pressures with a critical assessment of their advantages and limitations. It covers the widely employed compressed gaseous hydrogen to the cutting-edge metal hydride technologies. The different high-pressure storage tanks like Type I-cylinder; Type II-cylinder; Type III-cylinder; Type IV-cylinder and the new Type V-cylinder are discussed in detail. In each type, the pros and cons are highlighted and the difference between applications between each type is enumerated. By systematically comparing these technologies, the review equips researchers with the knowledge needed to identify the optimal storage solution for their specific application. Additionally, it highlights the key challenges associated with these advanced storage systems, equipping researchers with the foresight needed to overcome them. The review concludes by promising research directions in high-pressure hydrogen storage, paving the way for a sustainable and efficient hydrogen economy.

清洁能源的未来取决于高效、安全的储氢技术，高压技术将发挥关键作用。这篇广泛的综述深入探讨了在高压下储存氢的各种方法，并对它们的优点和局限性进行了关键的评估。它涵盖了广泛应用的压缩气体氢到尖端的金属氢化物技术。不同的高压储罐如i型气缸；类型II-cylinder;类型III-cylinder;详细讨论了iv型气缸和新型v型气缸。在每种类型中，突出显示了优点和缺点，并列举了每种类型之间应用程序之间的差异。通过系统地比较这些技术，该综述为研究人员提供了为其特定应用确定最佳存储解决方案所需的知识。此外，它还强调了与这些先进存储系统相关的关键挑战，为研究人员提供了克服这些挑战所需的远见。总结了高压储氢的研究方向，为可持续和高效的氢经济铺平了道路。

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引用次数: 0

Human-centered collaborative design in green buildings: A comprehensive review of neurotechnology integration 绿色建筑中以人为中心的协同设计：神经技术集成的综合综述

IF 16.3 1区工程技术 Q1 ENERGY & FUELS

Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews

Pub Date : 2026-05-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.rser.2026.116772

Hanliang Fu , Yuxuan Hao , Zhifang Wu , Hongbin Xu , Jian Zuo

Green building research is shifting from a sole focus on physical performance to a human-centered, collaborative approach that integrates environmental sustainability with user well-being. However, a critical gap remains in understanding how built environments influence physiological, emotional, and cognitive processes. This review examines the integration of neuroscientific tools - including electroencephalography (EEG), functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), event-related potentials (ERPs), eye-tracking (ET), and functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) - into green building research. These technologies enable objective and fine-grained measurement of human responses to architectural spaces. We demonstrate how multimodal neurotechnologies facilitate real-time detection of human–environment interactions, supporting dynamic spatial optimization, health-oriented performance enhancement, and the subconscious reinforcement of sustainable behaviors. Beyond synthesizing empirical evidence, we propose an AI-augmented collaborative design framework that connects neural data with environmental parameters, bridging aesthetic, scientific, technical, and ethical rationalities. This framework provides a transformative pathway towards carbon neutrality while enhancing cognitive and emotional well-being, positioning neuroscience as a cornerstone of next generation green building research.

绿色建筑研究正在从单纯关注物理性能转向以人为本的协作方法，将环境可持续性与用户福祉相结合。然而，在理解建筑环境如何影响生理、情感和认知过程方面，仍然存在一个关键的差距。本文综述了神经科学工具-包括脑电图（EEG），功能磁共振成像（fMRI），事件相关电位（ERPs），眼动追踪（ET）和功能近红外光谱(fNIRS) -在绿色建筑研究中的整合。这些技术能够客观和细致地测量人类对建筑空间的反应。我们展示了多模态神经技术如何促进人与环境相互作用的实时检测，支持动态空间优化，以健康为导向的性能增强，以及可持续行为的潜意识强化。除了综合经验证据，我们提出了一个人工智能增强的协作设计框架，将神经数据与环境参数联系起来，弥合美学、科学、技术和伦理理性。该框架提供了一条通往碳中和的变革性途径，同时增强了认知和情感健康，将神经科学定位为下一代绿色建筑研究的基石。

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引用次数: 0

Hydrogen plasma as a high-efficiency reducing agent for green metallurgy 氢等离子体作为绿色冶金的高效还原剂

IF 16.3 1区工程技术 Q1 ENERGY & FUELS

Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews

Pub Date : 2026-05-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.rser.2026.116749

Jie Wen , Xu Wang , Jun Peng , Congren Yang

Against the backdrop of the carbon emission reduction goal, the metal metallurgy industry—primarily reliant on carbon as a reducing agent—faces significant pressure. While numerous studies and projects have explored hydrogen (H₂) as an alternative reducing agent to achieve this goal, its low reducing power fails to meet the required metallurgical demands effectively. As a derivative of H₂, hydrogen plasma (HP) exhibits high reactivity, enabling it to reduce most metal oxides. This paper focuses on comparing H₂ and HP across four metallurgical applications: metal metallurgy, alloy preparation, metal refining and purification, and recovery of valuable metals from waste—highlighting the superior performance of HP in metallurgy. It also summarizes the impacts of existing HP metallurgy process parameters, providing valuable references for larger-scale trials. Additionally, the paper elaborates on representative current hydrogen production technologies, both fossil fuel-based and renewable energy-driven, to learn about the developmental status of hydrogen generation. The findings indicates that the high temperature and reactivity of HP enable it with greater efficiency and operational simplicity compared to H₂ in metallurgy process. For larger-scale trials, the following factors are particularly critical: the balance between input power and feed material, melt flow, and reactor design (especially the plasma torch). Furthermore, Optical Emission Spectroscopy (OES), process simulation, and artificial intelligence should be leveraged to enhance understanding of HP metallurgy mechanisms.

在碳减排目标的背景下，主要依赖碳作为还原剂的金属冶金行业面临着巨大的压力。虽然许多研究和项目都在探索氢（H2）作为替代还原剂来实现这一目标，但其低还原能力无法有效满足所需的冶金要求。作为H2的衍生物，氢等离子体具有很高的反应活性，可以还原大多数金属氧化物。本文重点比较了H2和HP在金属冶金、合金制备、金属精炼和纯化以及从废物中回收有价金属等四种冶金应用中的应用，突出了HP在冶金领域的优越性能。总结了现有高压冶金工艺参数的影响，为大规模试验提供了有价值的参考。此外，本文还对当前具有代表性的制氢技术进行了阐述，包括基于化石燃料和可再生能源驱动的制氢技术，了解制氢的发展现状。研究结果表明，与H2相比，HP具有较高的温度和反应性，使其具有更高的效率和操作简单性。对于大规模试验，以下因素尤为关键：输入功率和进料之间的平衡、熔体流动和反应器设计（尤其是等离子炬）。此外，应利用光学发射光谱（OES）、过程模拟和人工智能来增强对高压冶金机理的理解。

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引用次数: 0

Exploring the potential of nanobubble technology integration with natural polymer κ-carrageenan-immobilized Methylosinus trichosporium OB3b: A review of methane-to-methanol conversion 探索纳米气泡技术与天然聚合物κ-卡拉胶-固定化三磷酸甲藻OB3b相结合的潜力：甲烷-甲醇转化研究进展

IF 16.3 1区工程技术 Q1 ENERGY & FUELS

Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews

Pub Date : 2026-05-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.rser.2026.116777

Muhammad Nauman Zulfiqar , Tingting Hou , Imran Pasha , Pengfei Li , Hui Sun , Liang Liu , Chao He , Gang Li , Youzhou Jiao

Methane (CH₄) valorization through selective oxidation to methanol (CH₃OH) represents a dual pathway for mitigating greenhouse gases and recovering renewable resources. Among the available methods, the methanotroph Methylosinus trichosporium OB3b offers a highly selective conversion under ambient conditions; however, its performance is limited by low CH₄/O₂ mass transfer, biocatalyst instability, and methanol dehydrogenase (MDH)-mediated overoxidation. This review proposes and evaluates an integrated bioprocess engineering strategy that combines cell immobilization within natural polymer κ-carrageenan hydrogel beads with nanobubble technology (NBT) to overcome these barriers. The κ-carrageenan matrix provides a mechanically stable, hydrated environment that improves cell retention, with a potential to suppress MDH activity, and enables multi-cycle reuse. Simultaneously, NBT is proposed to alleviate gas-liquid transfer limitation: nanobubbles (<200 nm) have a large interfacial area, high internal pressure, and prolonged stability, thereby enhancing dissolved gas concentrations and enabling controlled microaerobic conditions for methane monooxygenase (MMO) catalysis. This review synthesizes current research to illustrate how this synergistic combination addresses the primary challenges in biological methane oxidation. Furthermore, it presents a conceptual implementation framework, positioning this immobilized cell-nanobubble hybrid approach as a potentially scalable pathway for efficient, carbon-negative methanol production from waste biogas and landfill sources, thereby supporting the transition to a circular carbon economy.

甲烷（CH4）选择性氧化生成甲醇（CH3OH）代表了减少温室气体排放和回收可再生资源的双重途径。在现有的方法中，甲烷化菌Methylosinus trichosporium OB3b在环境条件下具有高选择性转化；然而，它的性能受到低CH4/O2传质，生物催化剂不稳定性和甲醇脱氢酶（MDH）介导的过氧化的限制。本文提出并评价了一种将天然聚合物κ-卡拉胶水凝胶珠内的细胞固定化与纳米泡技术（NBT）相结合的综合生物工艺工程策略，以克服这些障碍。κ-卡拉胶基质提供了一个机械稳定的水合环境，可以提高细胞的保持性，有可能抑制MDH活性，并实现多次循环再利用。同时，NBT还可以缓解气液转移的限制：纳米气泡（<200 nm）具有较大的界面面积、较高的内压和较长的稳定性，从而提高溶解气体浓度，为甲烷单加氧酶（MMO）的催化提供可控的微氧条件。这篇综述综合了目前的研究，以说明这种协同组合如何解决生物甲烷氧化的主要挑战。此外，它提出了一个概念性的实施框架，将这种固定化的细胞-纳米气泡混合方法定位为一种潜在的可扩展途径，用于从废弃沼气和垃圾填埋场资源中高效、负碳的甲醇生产，从而支持向循环碳经济的过渡。

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引用次数: 0

A critical review of technological advancements and challenges in geothermal power generation 对地热发电技术进步和挑战的评述

IF 16.3 1区工程技术 Q1 ENERGY & FUELS

Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews

Pub Date : 2026-05-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.rser.2026.116810

Xiting Long , Qiye Wang , Biao Li , Tianyi Gao , Entong Xia , Licheng Sun , Jun Wang , Heping Xie

Geothermal power generation is regarded as an important pathway for achieving effective utilization of geothermal resources and has attracted increasing research interest worldwide. However, the development of geothermal power generation technologies is still limited by low thermodynamic efficiency. Therefore, a comprehensive review of geothermal power generation technologies is conducted in this study, including flash cycle, dry steam, organic Rankine cycle, thermoelectric generators and combined-cycle. Additionally, future trends and challenges in geothermal power generation are analyzed. Furthermore, the thermo-economic performance and optimization methods for geothermal-driven combined cooling, heating, and power systems are comprehensively examined. Binary-cycle geothermal power generation systems show significant potential for geothermal fluids at 90-150 °C, which effectively mitigate scaling and corrosion issues by preventing direct contact between geothermal fluids and power production components. Future studies are expected to emphasize optimization of geothermal ORC layouts, working-fluid selection, as well as CFD-based turbine design to mitigate irreversible losses and improve geothermal power generation efficiency. A geothermal poly-generation system enhances overall system performance by cascading utilization of medium- and high-temperature geothermal resources. Based on an assessment of existing design limitations, state-of-the-art technologies and optimization strategies are identified to improve geothermal energy utilization, including modular thermoelectric generation, advanced cycle optimization, solar–geothermal hybrid integration, and cogeneration control strategies.

地热发电作为实现地热资源有效利用的重要途径，在世界范围内引起了越来越多的研究兴趣。然而，地热发电技术的发展仍然受到热效率低的限制。因此，本研究对地热发电技术进行了全面的综述，包括闪蒸循环、干蒸汽循环、有机朗肯循环、热电发生器和联合循环。分析了地热发电的发展趋势和面临的挑战。此外，对地热驱动的冷、热、电联合系统的热经济性能和优化方法进行了全面的研究。在90-150°C的温度下，双循环地热发电系统显示出巨大的潜力，通过防止地热流体与发电部件直接接触，有效地缓解了结垢和腐蚀问题。未来的研究将着重于优化地热ORC布局、工作流体选择以及基于cfd的涡轮机设计，以减少不可逆损失，提高地热发电效率。地热联产系统通过对中高温地热资源的级联利用，提高了系统的整体性能。基于对现有设计限制的评估，确定了最先进的技术和优化策略，以提高地热能利用，包括模块化热电发电、先进循环优化、太阳能-地热混合集成和热电联产控制策略。

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引用次数: 0

Opportunities in thermal energy storage: Where phase change materials meet aerogels 热能储存的机会：相变材料与气凝胶的结合

IF 16.3 1区工程技术 Q1 ENERGY & FUELS

Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews

Pub Date : 2026-05-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.rser.2026.116781

Li Zhang , Xiaomei Liu , Yanjie Yuan , Behzad Heidarshenas , Masoud Afrand

Thermal energy storage (TES) is a key enabler for improving energy efficiency and supporting the integration of renewable energy systems. Among available TES technologies, phase change materials (PCMs) are attractive due to their high latent heat storage capacity and near-isothermal operation. However, their practical application is limited by inherent drawbacks such as low thermal conductivity, leakage during phase transition, and insufficient long-term stability. Aerogels, with their ultralow density, high porosity, and tunable surface chemistry, have emerged as highly effective scaffolding materials to overcome these limitations. This review presents a comprehensive and systematic assessment of PCM–aerogel composite systems, covering material fundamentals, fabrication strategies, thermophysical and multifunctional properties, and application-oriented performance. Key composite formation routes, including vacuum impregnation, sol–gel encapsulation, emulsion-based methods, electrospinning, and 3D printing-assisted architectures, are critically analyzed with respect to thermal conductivity enhancement, latent heat preservation, cycling durability, and shape stability. A performance-oriented framework and standardized cross-comparison approach are introduced to enable meaningful evaluation across diverse composite systems. The review further surveys representative applications in solar energy systems, electronics and battery thermal management, building energy efficiency, and functional textiles. Finally, remaining challenges related to scalability, cost, and testing standardization are discussed, and future research directions are outlined, highlighting the role of bio-based aerogels, hierarchical porous architectures, and multifunctional fillers in advancing the practical deployment of PCM–aerogel composites.

热能储存（TES）是提高能源效率和支持可再生能源系统集成的关键推动者。在现有的TES技术中，相变材料（PCMs）因其高潜热储存能力和近等温操作而具有吸引力。然而，它们的实际应用受到固有缺陷的限制，如导热系数低、相变时泄漏和长期稳定性不足。气凝胶以其超低密度、高孔隙度和可调节的表面化学特性，成为克服这些限制的高效脚手架材料。本文综述了pcm -气凝胶复合材料系统的综合评价，包括材料基础、制造策略、热物理和多功能性能以及面向应用的性能。关键的复合材料形成路线，包括真空浸渍、溶胶-凝胶封装、乳化方法、静电纺丝和3D打印辅助结构，在导热性增强、潜热保温、循环耐久性和形状稳定性方面进行了严格分析。介绍了面向性能的框架和标准化的交叉比较方法，以便在不同的复合系统之间进行有意义的评估。综述进一步探讨了太阳能系统、电子和电池热管理、建筑能源效率和功能性纺织品等方面的代表性应用。最后，讨论了与可扩展性、成本和测试标准化相关的剩余挑战，并概述了未来的研究方向，强调了生物基气凝胶、分层多孔结构和多功能填料在推进pcm气凝胶复合材料实际部署中的作用。

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