Pub Date : 2023-02-23DOI: 10.24061/2707-8728.2.2022.1
O. Hurov, A. Antonov, Natalia Surhai, Volodymyr Shilan, D. Hladkykh, Tetiana Uzbek
The existing system of studying forensic medicine in higher medical schools in Ukraine is analyzed by the author. Based on their own experience of scientific and practical work, the authors came to the conclusion that this system needs to be adjusted. According to the authors, the adjustment should include a reorientation of the teaching of forensic medicine to students to study the most necessary amount of theoretical material that is necessary for the practical work of a specialist in the field of forensic medicine during investigative actions. The authors propose to consider mastering these practical skills as the main goal of studying forensic medicine at the undergraduate stage.
{"title":"SOME ISSUES OF TEACHING FORENSIC MEDICINE","authors":"O. Hurov, A. Antonov, Natalia Surhai, Volodymyr Shilan, D. Hladkykh, Tetiana Uzbek","doi":"10.24061/2707-8728.2.2022.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24061/2707-8728.2.2022.1","url":null,"abstract":"The existing system of studying forensic medicine in higher medical schools in Ukraine is analyzed by the author. Based on their own experience of scientific and practical work, the authors came to the conclusion that this system needs to be adjusted. According to the authors, the adjustment should include a reorientation of the teaching of forensic medicine to students to study the most necessary amount of theoretical material that is necessary for the practical work of a specialist in the field of forensic medicine during investigative actions. The authors propose to consider mastering these practical skills as the main goal of studying forensic medicine at the undergraduate stage.","PeriodicalId":418898,"journal":{"name":"Forensic-medical examination","volume":"73 1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116729977","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The study of macroscopic features of the clothing damage or the damage to the human body, the presence of additional factors of a shot on it – is one of the basic methods of analysis used in medical forensics. The appearance of new types of firearms requires the appropriate conduct of experimental research in order to update the theoretical database of experts. The purpose of the work to investigate the features of soot deposition, tearing of clothing and a human body simulator when using «FORT 12R» and «AE 790G1» pistols. Material and methods. For the study, 120 gelatin blocks were used, which later remained bare or were covered with one of the fabrics: cotton, denim or leatherette. After that, shots were fired from close range, 25 and 50 cm using «FORT 12R» and «AE 790G1» pistols, with subsequent analysis of macroscopic soot deposition around the entrance firing hole and the number of ruptures in clothing or a human body simulator, if the shot was fired at a bare block. Results. When analyzing soot deposition, it was reliably established (p<0.0070) or a tendency (p=0.0763, only for leatherette) towards its macroscopic detection when shots were fired at close range in all studied groups of bare blocks and blocks covered with clothing when shots were fired from a distance of 25 cm and the absence of the soot when fired from a distance of 50 cm when fired from both pistols. When comparing the data on the number of ruptures between the «Fort 12R» and «AE 790G1» pistols, reliably (p<0.01-0.05) higher values were found when firing with the «AE 790G1» from a close distance into blocks covered with cotton and denim fabric, when shot from 25 cm into the blocks covered with cotton fabric and a slight tendency (p=0.095) to higher values when shot with the «AE 790G1» from a close distance into the blocks covered with leatherette. Conclusions. When using the «FORT 12R» and «AE 790G1» pistols, practically no differences in soot deposition was found, however, when analyzing the number of ruptures in clothing and the human body simulator, higher values were found when using the «AE 790G1» pistol.
{"title":"PECULIARITIES OF SOOT DEPOSITION, TEARING OF CLOTHING AND HUMAN BODY SIMULATOR DURING SHOOTINGS FROM «FORT 12R» AND «AE 790G1» PISTOLS","authors":"Yuriі Kuslii Yuri, Yu. F. Shevchuk, Oleksandr Fomin, Oksana Adamchuk, Oleksandr Konopelniuk","doi":"10.24061/2707-8728.2.2022.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24061/2707-8728.2.2022.5","url":null,"abstract":"The study of macroscopic features of the clothing damage or the damage to the human body, the presence of additional factors of a shot on it – is one of the basic methods of analysis used in medical forensics. The appearance of new types of firearms requires the appropriate conduct of experimental research in order to update the theoretical database of experts. \u0000The purpose of the work to investigate the features of soot deposition, tearing of clothing and a human body simulator when using «FORT 12R» and «AE 790G1» pistols. \u0000Material and methods. For the study, 120 gelatin blocks were used, which later remained bare or were covered with one of the fabrics: cotton, denim or leatherette. After that, shots were fired from close range, 25 and 50 cm using «FORT 12R» and «AE 790G1» pistols, with subsequent analysis of macroscopic soot deposition around the entrance firing hole and the number of ruptures in clothing or a human body simulator, if the shot was fired at a bare block. \u0000Results. When analyzing soot deposition, it was reliably established (p<0.0070) or a tendency (p=0.0763, only for leatherette) towards its macroscopic detection when shots were fired at close range in all studied groups of bare blocks and blocks covered with clothing when shots were fired from a distance of 25 cm and the absence of the soot when fired from a distance of 50 cm when fired from both pistols. When comparing the data on the number of ruptures between the «Fort 12R» and «AE 790G1» pistols, reliably (p<0.01-0.05) higher values were found when firing with the «AE 790G1» from a close distance into blocks covered with cotton and denim fabric, when shot from 25 cm into the blocks covered with cotton fabric and a slight tendency (p=0.095) to higher values when shot with the «AE 790G1» from a close distance into the blocks covered with leatherette. \u0000Conclusions. When using the «FORT 12R» and «AE 790G1» pistols, practically no differences in soot deposition was found, however, when analyzing the number of ruptures in clothing and the human body simulator, higher values were found when using the «AE 790G1» pistol.","PeriodicalId":418898,"journal":{"name":"Forensic-medical examination","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121047188","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-23DOI: 10.24061/2707-8728.2.2022.6
A. Perebetiuk, Serhiy Prokopenko, Lyudmila Fomina, V. Gunas, Olena Terehovska
Additional factors of the shot are one of the key pieces of physical evidence that are investigated in the case of a gunshot injury in order to establish the distance and identify the weapon of the shot, as evidenced by the results of numerous scientific works. However, publications related to the study of non-lethal firearms are isolated cases and incomplete both in the world and in the domestic scientific literature. The purpose of the work is to investigate the deposition of additional factors of the shot on different cover materials and bare blocks, which are imitating the tissues of the human body at different shot distances, using «Fort 9R» and «Fort 17R» pistols. Material and methods. In order to achieve the goal, 120 gelatin blocks covered with different fabrics or left without a coating were fired. The shooting was carried out using «Fort 9R» and «Fort 17R» pistols. The fired blocks were examined for the presence of soot using a descriptive method and microscopic examination, and subsequently using a chromatographic-mass spectrometric method of examination and infrared microscopy on a combined IR-Fourier spectrometer in order to detect diphenylamine and centralite. Results. When shooting from «Fort 9R» and «Fort 17R», the deposition of soot was observed at a distance of a shot at close range and 25 cm on all studied blocks, and also when shooting from «Fort 17R» on blocks covered with cotton fabric and in bare blocks, soot was detected microscopically on shot distance 50 cm; diphenylamine and centralite was observed when firing from «Fort 9R» in bare blocks (close and 25 cm) and blocks covered with leatherette (25 cm), while when firing from «Fort 17R» it was detected only at a shot distance of 25 cm on blocks covered with denim fabric. Conclusions. The presence of clothing and the peculiarities of the material of its manufacture fundamentally change the macro, microscopic and laboratory picture of the deposition of additional factors of the shot at different distances, using the «Fort 9R» and «Fort 17R» pistols, with the exception of the soot deposition when firing from the «Fort 9R» pistol.
{"title":"PECULIARITIES OF ADDITIONAL SHOT FACTORS DEPOSITION WHEN FIRING FROM «FORT 9R» AND «FORT 17R» PISTOLS","authors":"A. Perebetiuk, Serhiy Prokopenko, Lyudmila Fomina, V. Gunas, Olena Terehovska","doi":"10.24061/2707-8728.2.2022.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24061/2707-8728.2.2022.6","url":null,"abstract":"Additional factors of the shot are one of the key pieces of physical evidence that are investigated in the case of a gunshot injury in order to establish the distance and identify the weapon of the shot, as evidenced by the results of numerous scientific works. However, publications related to the study of non-lethal firearms are isolated cases and incomplete both in the world and in the domestic scientific literature. \u0000The purpose of the work is to investigate the deposition of additional factors of the shot on different cover materials and bare blocks, which are imitating the tissues of the human body at different shot distances, using «Fort 9R» and «Fort 17R» pistols. \u0000Material and methods. In order to achieve the goal, 120 gelatin blocks covered with different fabrics or left without a coating were fired. The shooting was carried out using «Fort 9R» and «Fort 17R» pistols. The fired blocks were examined for the presence of soot using a descriptive method and microscopic examination, and subsequently using a chromatographic-mass spectrometric method of examination and infrared microscopy on a combined IR-Fourier spectrometer in order to detect diphenylamine and centralite. \u0000Results. When shooting from «Fort 9R» and «Fort 17R», the deposition of soot was observed at a distance of a shot at close range and 25 cm on all studied blocks, and also when shooting from «Fort 17R» on blocks covered with cotton fabric and in bare blocks, soot was detected microscopically on shot distance 50 cm; diphenylamine and centralite was observed when firing from «Fort 9R» in bare blocks (close and 25 cm) and blocks covered with leatherette (25 cm), while when firing from «Fort 17R» it was detected only at a shot distance of 25 cm on blocks covered with denim fabric. \u0000Conclusions. The presence of clothing and the peculiarities of the material of its manufacture fundamentally change the macro, microscopic and laboratory picture of the deposition of additional factors of the shot at different distances, using the «Fort 9R» and «Fort 17R» pistols, with the exception of the soot deposition when firing from the «Fort 9R» pistol.","PeriodicalId":418898,"journal":{"name":"Forensic-medical examination","volume":"45 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126572618","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-23DOI: 10.24061/2707-8728.2.2022.4
V. Bachynskyi, B.V. Sirota, Iryna Bachynska - Khomenko, Kateryna Sirota
One of the most urgent problems of modern health care is currently a viral infection caused by SARS-CoV-2, which has acquired both significant medical and social significance. The World Health Organization declared the COVID-19 pandemic on March 11, 2020. The disease is characterized by a polymorphism of the clinical picture from damage to the respiratory tract to pronounced intestinal manifestations, nevertheless, the most severe form remains viral pneumonia caused by COVID-19. The goal. Conducting a medical-statistical analysis of hospital morbidity and mortality from pneumonia caused by COVID-19 in the territory of Chernivtsi region according to the data of 2020-2021, with an overview of the dynamics of morbidity and mortality from pneumonia (J12-J16, J18) in 2018-2019. Object and research methods. The leading research method was the biostatistical method, which was used to confirm the representativeness of the sample population and statistical processing of the materials of form No. 20 for the Chernivtsi region, and data on the average annual population, obtained according to the data of the State Statistics Service of Ukraine (2018-2021). The results. COVID-19-induced pneumonia (IP) has significantly affected the pattern and incidence rate of upper respiratory tract diseases, increasing the proportion of pneumonia more than thrice. COVID-19 IP does not affect children which is to some extent related to the impossibility of transmitting the disease during the pre- and intrauterine periods. In 2020, the average mortality from COVID-19 among the adult population was 0.54‰ and in 2021 – 1.1‰. Mortality in the pre-COVID era, in turn, was not significant, did not exceed 0.015‰. Conclusions. The average mortality in 2021 exceeded the peak mortality of 2019 by 7.3 times which indicates the unpreparedness of the health care system for a challenge of a similar scale, which to a certain extent can be related to both the uncertainty regarding the issues of epidemiology, diagnosis and treatment of this disease and the imperfection of the health care system, which was at an intermediate stage of reformation.
{"title":"MEDICO-STATISTICAL ANALYSIS OF THE INCIDENCE OF PNEUMONIA, INCLUDING THOSE CAUSED BY COVID-19 IN THE CHERNIVTSI REGION DURING 2018–2021","authors":"V. Bachynskyi, B.V. Sirota, Iryna Bachynska - Khomenko, Kateryna Sirota","doi":"10.24061/2707-8728.2.2022.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24061/2707-8728.2.2022.4","url":null,"abstract":"One of the most urgent problems of modern health care is currently a viral infection caused by SARS-CoV-2, which has acquired both significant medical and social significance. The World Health Organization declared the COVID-19 pandemic on March 11, 2020. The disease is characterized by a polymorphism of the clinical picture from damage to the respiratory tract to pronounced intestinal manifestations, nevertheless, the most severe form remains viral pneumonia caused by COVID-19. \u0000The goal. Conducting a medical-statistical analysis of hospital morbidity and mortality from pneumonia caused by COVID-19 in the territory of Chernivtsi region according to the data of 2020-2021, with an overview of the dynamics of morbidity and mortality from pneumonia (J12-J16, J18) in 2018-2019. \u0000Object and research methods. The leading research method was the biostatistical method, which was used to confirm the representativeness of the sample population and statistical processing of the materials of form No. 20 for the Chernivtsi region, and data on the average annual population, obtained according to the data of the State Statistics Service of Ukraine (2018-2021). \u0000The results. COVID-19-induced pneumonia (IP) has significantly affected the pattern and incidence rate of upper respiratory tract diseases, increasing the proportion of pneumonia more than thrice. COVID-19 IP does not affect children which is to some extent related to the impossibility of transmitting the disease during the pre- and intrauterine periods. In 2020, the average mortality from COVID-19 among the adult population was 0.54‰ and in 2021 – 1.1‰. Mortality in the pre-COVID era, in turn, was not significant, did not exceed 0.015‰. \u0000Conclusions. The average mortality in 2021 exceeded the peak mortality of 2019 by 7.3 times which indicates the unpreparedness of the health care system for a challenge of a similar scale, which to a certain extent can be related to both the uncertainty regarding the issues of epidemiology, diagnosis and treatment of this disease and the imperfection of the health care system, which was at an intermediate stage of reformation.","PeriodicalId":418898,"journal":{"name":"Forensic-medical examination","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125539459","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-23DOI: 10.24061/2707-8728.2.2022.7
H. Zelenchuk, N. Kozan
The article presents data on the peculiarities of the dermatoglyphic constitution of the distal, middle and proximal phalanges of the fingers in men prone to drug crimes. The object of the study was the peculiarities of the dermatoglyphic parameters of the distal, middle and proximal phalanges of the fingers obtained from 60 men aged 18 to 59 who were convicted of drug crimes and 60 persons of the control group. During the study, it was found that radial loops (52.31%) and curls (29.23%) are most common on the fingers of the left hand, complex patterns (8.08%), arcs (6.92%) and ulnar loops are less common (3.46%), curls (44.23%) and radial loops (39.62%) and arcs (5.77%), ulnar loops (5.38%) and complex patterns are most common on the fingers of the right hand (5.00%), at the level of a statistical trend (p<0.10), the pattern on the right and left hands differs according to the indicator of the total frequency of radial loops on the fingers of both hands - 52.31% versus 39.62% (φ = 1, 30; p < 0.10) and curls W – 29.23% versus 44.23% (φ = 1.59; p < 0.10). A comparative analysis of the total ridge counts for the fingers of the left and right hands of drug criminals and men of the control group showed that the variances of this variable in the groups are equal, and since the p-level of the Student's test for the values of these indicators is significantly less than 0.05, the average values of the total ridge counts numbers on the fingers of the right hand of drug offenders and men of CG differ at a high level of statistical significance.
{"title":"DERMATOGLYPHIC FEATURES OF MEN’S FINGERS PRONE TO DRUG","authors":"H. Zelenchuk, N. Kozan","doi":"10.24061/2707-8728.2.2022.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24061/2707-8728.2.2022.7","url":null,"abstract":"The article presents data on the peculiarities of the dermatoglyphic constitution of the distal, middle and proximal phalanges of the fingers in men prone to drug crimes. The object of the study was the peculiarities of the dermatoglyphic parameters of the distal, middle and proximal phalanges of the fingers obtained from 60 men aged 18 to 59 who were convicted of drug crimes and 60 persons of the control group. During the study, it was found that radial loops (52.31%) and curls (29.23%) are most common on the fingers of the left hand, complex patterns (8.08%), arcs (6.92%) and ulnar loops are less common (3.46%), curls (44.23%) and radial loops (39.62%) and arcs (5.77%), ulnar loops (5.38%) and complex patterns are most common on the fingers of the right hand (5.00%), at the level of a statistical trend (p<0.10), the pattern on the right and left hands differs according to the indicator of the total frequency of radial loops on the fingers of both hands - 52.31% versus 39.62% (φ = 1, 30; p < 0.10) and curls W – 29.23% versus 44.23% (φ = 1.59; p < 0.10). A comparative analysis of the total ridge counts for the fingers of the left and right hands of drug criminals and men of the control group showed that the variances of this variable in the groups are equal, and since the p-level of the Student's test for the values of these indicators is significantly less than 0.05, the average values of the total ridge counts numbers on the fingers of the right hand of drug offenders and men of CG differ at a high level of statistical significance.","PeriodicalId":418898,"journal":{"name":"Forensic-medical examination","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116940260","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-05DOI: 10.24061/2707-8728.1.2022.5
V. Franchuk
The article summarizes the literature data and analyzes the current state and prospects for the introduction of 3D-technologies in medicine and forensic practice. The importance of spatial three-dimensional modeling for medical imaging and diagnosis of diseases, tactics of surgical treatment, eff ective transplantation, manufacturing of individual prostheses, implants, creating training models and improving the objectivity and accuracy of forensic examinations is highlighted.
{"title":"3D-TECHNOLOGIES IN MEDICINE AND FORENSIC MEDICAL PRACTICE: CURRENT STATUS AND PROSPECTS FOR IMPLEMENTATION","authors":"V. Franchuk","doi":"10.24061/2707-8728.1.2022.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24061/2707-8728.1.2022.5","url":null,"abstract":"The article summarizes the literature data and analyzes the current state and prospects for the introduction of 3D-technologies in medicine and forensic practice. The importance of spatial three-dimensional modeling for medical imaging and diagnosis of diseases, tactics of surgical treatment, eff ective transplantation, manufacturing of individual prostheses, implants, creating training models and improving the objectivity and accuracy of forensic examinations is highlighted.","PeriodicalId":418898,"journal":{"name":"Forensic-medical examination","volume":"2017 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117215265","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-05DOI: 10.24061/2707-8728.1.2022.10
V. Zozulia
In modern forensic science, the study of injuries to drivers and passengers in trafficaccidents is given enough attention, but the question of determining the location of a person in the car during an accident still remains open, because with the development of new systems of active and passive safety of driver and passengers injuries depending on the location inside or outside the car. For example, with the introduction of two-stage airbags and seat belts with extensions, the same type of injury is the same for everyone inside the car, which can sometimes suggest the probable location of the person in the front seats, and so on. Thus, the study of injuries in modern car models is relevant, taking into account the characteristics of the airbags and the class of the car.Aim of the work. To verify the possible features of injuries in the left side collision in the cabin of class E-segment cars.Conclusion. The nature of the driver’s injury in the cabin of a class E car in a left-angle collision is characterized by signifi cant characteristics that arise as a result of the mutual arrangement of airbags in the contact of the driver’s head with the left front rack.
{"title":"THE NATURE OF DRIVER INJURY IN CLASS E-SEGMENT CARS IN LEFT ANGLE COLLISIONS","authors":"V. Zozulia","doi":"10.24061/2707-8728.1.2022.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24061/2707-8728.1.2022.10","url":null,"abstract":"In modern forensic science, the study of injuries to drivers and passengers in trafficaccidents is given enough attention, but the question of determining the location of a person in the car during an accident still remains open, because with the development of new systems of active and passive safety of driver and passengers injuries depending on the location inside or outside the car. For example, with the introduction of two-stage airbags and seat belts with extensions, the same type of injury is the same for everyone inside the car, which can sometimes suggest the probable location of the person in the front seats, and so on. Thus, the study of injuries in modern car models is relevant, taking into account the characteristics of the airbags and the class of the car.Aim of the work. To verify the possible features of injuries in the left side collision in the cabin of class E-segment cars.Conclusion. The nature of the driver’s injury in the cabin of a class E car in a left-angle collision is characterized by signifi cant characteristics that arise as a result of the mutual arrangement of airbags in the contact of the driver’s head with the left front rack.","PeriodicalId":418898,"journal":{"name":"Forensic-medical examination","volume":"141 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126176284","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-05DOI: 10.24061/2707-8728.1.2022.6
M. Garazdiuk
Verifi cation of the exact time of formation of hemorrhages in the human brain (HB) of traumatic (HTG) and non-traumatic (HNG) genesis makes it possible to signifi cantly narrow the circle of suspects in the case of a crime against human life.Aim of the work. Developing of forensic criteria for the diagnosis of the age of formation of hemorrhages of traumatic and non-traumatic genesis by light microscopy of histological sections of human brain.Materials and methods. For the study used stained histological specimens of the brain from 80 corpses with a known time of hemorrhage from 2 to 15 days, according to medical documents: in case of death from HNG – 30 histological specimens (1 group), death from HTG – 30 histological samples (group 2), brain preparations in case of death from coronary heart disease were selected for control – 20 samples (group 3).Results. Analyzing the available histopreparations, it was found that the corresponding time dependences of the age of hemorrhage are not linear, but on the contrary have fluctuations in their values – uneven appearance of pigment in HB with a gradual increase in time since the formation of hemorrhages of diff erent genesis.Conclusion. Histological examination of micropreparations of the substance of the brain, stained by the method of Pearls, is not eff ective for determining the age of hemorrhage.
{"title":"DIFFERENTIAL POSSIBILITIES OF THE METHOD OF STAINING HISTOLOGICAL SPECIMENTS BY PERLS FOR ESTABLISHING THE TIME OF FORMATION OF TRAUMATIC AND NONTRAUMATIC GENESIS HEMORRHAGES","authors":"M. Garazdiuk","doi":"10.24061/2707-8728.1.2022.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24061/2707-8728.1.2022.6","url":null,"abstract":"Verifi cation of the exact time of formation of hemorrhages in the human brain (HB) of traumatic (HTG) and non-traumatic (HNG) genesis makes it possible to signifi cantly narrow the circle of suspects in the case of a crime against human life.Aim of the work. Developing of forensic criteria for the diagnosis of the age of formation of hemorrhages of traumatic and non-traumatic genesis by light microscopy of histological sections of human brain.Materials and methods. For the study used stained histological specimens of the brain from 80 corpses with a known time of hemorrhage from 2 to 15 days, according to medical documents: in case of death from HNG – 30 histological specimens (1 group), death from HTG – 30 histological samples (group 2), brain preparations in case of death from coronary heart disease were selected for control – 20 samples (group 3).Results. Analyzing the available histopreparations, it was found that the corresponding time dependences of the age of hemorrhage are not linear, but on the contrary have fluctuations in their values – uneven appearance of pigment in HB with a gradual increase in time since the formation of hemorrhages of diff erent genesis.Conclusion. Histological examination of micropreparations of the substance of the brain, stained by the method of Pearls, is not eff ective for determining the age of hemorrhage.","PeriodicalId":418898,"journal":{"name":"Forensic-medical examination","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133957534","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-05DOI: 10.24061/2707-8728.1.2022.11
I. Ivaskevych
The article presents the results of the study of forensic effi cacy of diff erential diagnosis of alcohol and carbon monoxide poisoning, as well as establishing the age of death in these cases by diff use tomography of fl uctuations of linear fl uctuations of linear birefringence of human biological tissues. Aim of the work. Investigation of the eff ectiveness of the method of diff use tomography of biological products and polycrystalline blood fi lms in the forensic diff erential diagnosis of alcohol and carbon monoxide poisoning and determining the age of death in these cases.Materials and methods. The object of the study were histological samples of human internal organs (brain, myocardium) and polycrystalline blood fi lms in cases of death from ethanol poisoning, carbon monoxide and coronary heart disease (control group) with diff erent ages (6 to 48 hours). The study was performed using the method of diff use tomography of fl uctuations in the parameters of optical anisotropy of layers of biological tissues and fl uids.Results. The eff ectiveness of analytical determination of the age of death in cases of ethanol and carbon monoxide poisoning by analyzing the range of linear changes in the magnitude of statistical moments of 1-4 orders of magnitude, ranging from 24 to 60 hours. The accuracy of determining the age of death is 0.5 hours.Conclusion. The eff ectiveness of the method of diff use tomography of fl uctuations of linear birefringence of layers of biological tissues and fl uids in diff erentiating the cause of death in cases of ethanol and CO poisoning, as well as diagnosing the age of death in these cases.
{"title":"APPLICATION OF DIFFUSIVE TOMOGRAPHY METHOD OF BIOLOGICAL PREPARATIONS IN FOREIGN MEDICAL DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS OF ALCOHOLIC AND ALCOHOLOGEN POISONING","authors":"I. Ivaskevych","doi":"10.24061/2707-8728.1.2022.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24061/2707-8728.1.2022.11","url":null,"abstract":"The article presents the results of the study of forensic effi cacy of diff erential diagnosis of alcohol and carbon monoxide poisoning, as well as establishing the age of death in these cases by diff use tomography of fl uctuations of linear fl uctuations of linear birefringence of human biological tissues. \u0000Aim of the work. Investigation of the eff ectiveness of the method of diff use tomography of biological products and polycrystalline blood fi lms in the forensic diff erential diagnosis of alcohol and carbon monoxide poisoning and determining the age of death in these cases.Materials and methods. The object of the study were histological samples of human internal organs (brain, myocardium) and polycrystalline blood fi lms in cases of death from ethanol poisoning, carbon monoxide and coronary heart disease (control group) with diff erent ages (6 to 48 hours). The study was performed using the method of diff use tomography of fl uctuations in the parameters of optical anisotropy of layers of biological tissues and fl uids.Results. The eff ectiveness of analytical determination of the age of death in cases of ethanol and carbon monoxide poisoning by analyzing the range of linear changes in the magnitude of statistical moments of 1-4 orders of magnitude, ranging from 24 to 60 hours. The accuracy of determining the age of death is 0.5 hours.Conclusion. The eff ectiveness of the method of diff use tomography of fl uctuations of linear birefringence of layers of biological tissues and fl uids in diff erentiating the cause of death in cases of ethanol and CO poisoning, as well as diagnosing the age of death in these cases.","PeriodicalId":418898,"journal":{"name":"Forensic-medical examination","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131833716","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-05DOI: 10.24061/2707-8728.1.2022.3
O. Hurov, A. Antonov, M. Klymenko, Natalia Surhai, Serhii Tatarko, S. Dubyna, Tetiana Uzbek
The authors analyzed foreign experience in the training of forensic experts. This experience is compared with the corresponding training system for forensic doctors that existed in Ukraine until 2022. A comparative analysis of the working curricula of pathologists and forensic doctors was carried out. It is shown that the proposed system of training forensic medical experts based on a three- month specialization of pathologists can potentially lead to a decrease in the qualifi cation level of forensic medical examination in Ukraine, since such a training period is not enough. It is proposed to adjust the training program for pathologists from this year by combining the educational material of pathological anatomy, clinical pathophysiology and certain sections of forensic medicine, with the expansion of the competencies of a pathologist. The authors also propose to change the name of the specialty from «Pathological Anatomy» to «Pathology». The teaching of forensic medical examination during the postgraduate training of pathologists should be carried out by highly qualifi ed teachers in the specialty «Forensic Мedicine».
{"title":"CONCEPT OF PROFESSIONAL TRAINING FORENSIC EXPERTS IN UKRAINE","authors":"O. Hurov, A. Antonov, M. Klymenko, Natalia Surhai, Serhii Tatarko, S. Dubyna, Tetiana Uzbek","doi":"10.24061/2707-8728.1.2022.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24061/2707-8728.1.2022.3","url":null,"abstract":"The authors analyzed foreign experience in the training of forensic experts. This experience is compared with the corresponding training system for forensic doctors that existed in Ukraine until 2022. A comparative analysis of the working curricula of pathologists and forensic doctors was carried out. It is shown that the proposed system of training forensic medical experts based on a three- month specialization of pathologists can potentially lead to a decrease in the qualifi cation level of forensic medical examination in Ukraine, since such a training period is not enough. It is proposed to adjust the training program for pathologists from this year by combining the educational material of pathological anatomy, clinical pathophysiology and certain sections of forensic medicine, with the expansion of the competencies of a pathologist. The authors also propose to change the name of the specialty from «Pathological Anatomy» to «Pathology». The teaching of forensic medical examination during the postgraduate training of pathologists should be carried out by highly qualifi ed teachers in the specialty «Forensic Мedicine».","PeriodicalId":418898,"journal":{"name":"Forensic-medical examination","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117076307","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：