Written of: Shifting the Paradigm: New Studies in Islamic Art and Architecture in Honor of Professor Gülru Necipoğlu, Conference, Boston College and Harvard University, Boston, September 8–9, 2022
{"title":"Shifting the Paradigm: New Studies in Islamic Art and Architecture in Honor of Professor Gülru Necipoğlu, Conference, Boston College and Harvard University, Boston, September 8–9, 2022","authors":"L. Harrington","doi":"10.1386/ijia_00126_5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1386/ijia_00126_5","url":null,"abstract":"Written of: Shifting the Paradigm: New Studies in Islamic Art and Architecture in Honor of Professor Gülru Necipoğlu, Conference, Boston College and Harvard University, Boston, September 8–9, 2022","PeriodicalId":41944,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Islamic Architecture","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45658311","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"艺术学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Review of: Building the Caliphate: Construction, Destruction, and Sectarian Identity in Early Fatimid Architecture , Jennifer Pruitt (2020) New Haven and London: Yale University Press, 216 pp., 19 b&w and 77 colour illus., ISBN: 9780300246827, $65 (cloth)
{"title":"Building the Caliphate: Construction, Destruction, and Sectarian Identity in Early Fatimid Architecture, Jennifer Pruitt (2020)","authors":"Marcus Milwright","doi":"10.1386/ijia_00121_5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1386/ijia_00121_5","url":null,"abstract":"Review of: Building the Caliphate: Construction, Destruction, and Sectarian Identity in Early Fatimid Architecture , Jennifer Pruitt (2020) New Haven and London: Yale University Press, 216 pp., 19 b&w and 77 colour illus., ISBN: 9780300246827, $65 (cloth)","PeriodicalId":41944,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Islamic Architecture","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135061382","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"艺术学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Review of: Tree of Pearls: The Extraordinary Architectural Patronage of the 13th-Century Egyptian Slave-Queen Shajar Al-Durr, D. Fairchild Ruggles (2020) Oxford: Oxford University Press, 188 pp., 54 b&w and 50 colour illus., ISBN: 9780190873202, $35 (cloth)
{"title":"Tree of Pearls: The Extraordinary Architectural Patronage of the 13th-Century Egyptian Slave-Queen Shajar Al-Durr, D. Fairchild Ruggles (2020)","authors":"Stephennie Mulder","doi":"10.1386/ijia_00122_5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1386/ijia_00122_5","url":null,"abstract":"Review of: Tree of Pearls: The Extraordinary Architectural Patronage of the 13th-Century Egyptian Slave-Queen Shajar Al-Durr, D. Fairchild Ruggles (2020)\u0000 Oxford: Oxford University Press, 188 pp., 54 b&w and 50 colour illus.,\u0000 ISBN: 9780190873202, $35 (cloth)","PeriodicalId":41944,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Islamic Architecture","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46672719","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"艺术学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Review of: Cities and Islamisms: On the Politics and Production of the Built Environment, Ed. Bülent Batuman (2021) London and New York: Routledge, 166 pp., 55 b&w illus., ISBN: 9780367332006, $44.95 (paperback)
{"title":"Cities and Islamisms: On the Politics and Production of the Built Environment, Ed. Bülent Batuman (2021)","authors":"Muna Güvenç","doi":"10.1386/ijia_00120_5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1386/ijia_00120_5","url":null,"abstract":"Review of: Cities and Islamisms: On the Politics and Production of the Built Environment, Ed. Bülent Batuman (2021)\u0000 London and New York: Routledge, 166 pp., 55 b&w illus.,\u0000 ISBN: 9780367332006, $44.95 (paperback)","PeriodicalId":41944,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Islamic Architecture","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47357941","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"艺术学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Mobility and Forced Displacement in the Middle East, Ed. Zahra Babar (2020)","authors":"Timur Hammond","doi":"10.1386/ijia_00124_5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1386/ijia_00124_5","url":null,"abstract":"Review of: Mobility and Forced Displacement in the Middle East , Ed. Zahra Babar (2020) London: C. Hurst & Company, 320 pp., 8 b&w illus., ISBN: 9781787383203, £25.00 (paperback)","PeriodicalId":41944,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Islamic Architecture","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135061381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"艺术学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Early twentieth-century Ottoman-Turkish architectural history discourse is subjugated by state-oriented readings, and the prescriptions of the sociopolitical ideologies of the epoch. The agency of the individual is confined within the ramifications of these programmatic concepts. In lieu of such a discourse, this article considers Rifat Osman (1874–1933) and the agency of the individual as a source for architectural historiography. Trained as a medical doctor, Rifat Osman developed an interest in the architectural heritage and everyday life of the city of Edirne, now in western Turkey. He amply recorded his observations. Exploring the motives behind this unusual interest, I argue that Rifat Osman’s experience of Edirne, in particular as he witnessed the fall of the city to Bulgarians during the Balkan Wars (1912–13), transformed his engagement with the city and its history. This rendered the traumatic imprint of war traceable in his accounts. Through concepts of antiquarian sensitivity and war-induced trauma, I question how Rifat Osman’s anxiety is transmitted to the collective memory of the city, and in return, how architectural history becomes instrumental in the recovery from trauma.
{"title":"Trauma as Evidence: Rifat Osman on Edirne","authors":"Beril Sarısakal","doi":"10.1386/ijia_00114_1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1386/ijia_00114_1","url":null,"abstract":"Early twentieth-century Ottoman-Turkish architectural history discourse is subjugated by state-oriented readings, and the prescriptions of the sociopolitical ideologies of the epoch. The agency of the individual is confined within the ramifications of these programmatic concepts. In lieu of such a discourse, this article considers Rifat Osman (1874–1933) and the agency of the individual as a source for architectural historiography. Trained as a medical doctor, Rifat Osman developed an interest in the architectural heritage and everyday life of the city of Edirne, now in western Turkey. He amply recorded his observations. Exploring the motives behind this unusual interest, I argue that Rifat Osman’s experience of Edirne, in particular as he witnessed the fall of the city to Bulgarians during the Balkan Wars (1912–13), transformed his engagement with the city and its history. This rendered the traumatic imprint of war traceable in his accounts. Through concepts of antiquarian sensitivity and war-induced trauma, I question how Rifat Osman’s anxiety is transmitted to the collective memory of the city, and in return, how architectural history becomes instrumental in the recovery from trauma.","PeriodicalId":41944,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Islamic Architecture","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42867566","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"艺术学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This article discusses the uses of mud in Central Asian cities with specific reference to this building material’s role in views on the Mongols’ westward conquests from 1219 to the 1250s. Outlining the patterns of construction, maintenance, and reconstruction of earthen architecture, I consider how the Mongol conquests would have impacted the urban occupation of cities that relied on this building material with a focus on examples from Merv, Turkmenistan, and Otrar, Kazakhstan. Given the need for continuous maintenance to mud-brick architecture to prevent decay, and the difficulties of reversing this process once it has begun, I argue that depopulation resulting from the Mongol conquest campaigns would have impacted the urban fabric more significantly than any deliberate demolition by invading Mongol armies. Based on archaeological analysis, I discuss the practicalities and difficulties of reusing mud as a building material to show that the abandonment of buildings and cities can be a conscious, pragmatic response to erosion or a shifting water supply rather than a catastrophic event. I conclude that thirteenth-century accounts describing the urban devastation and demolition of Central Asian cities should be reconsidered to include the collateral impact of the flight of populations and environmental change, as evidenced in the archaeological record.
{"title":"The Impact of the Mongol Conquests on Earthen Cities in Central Asia","authors":"Katie Campbell","doi":"10.1386/ijia_00118_1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1386/ijia_00118_1","url":null,"abstract":"This article discusses the uses of mud in Central Asian cities with specific reference to this building material’s role in views on the Mongols’ westward conquests from 1219 to the 1250s. Outlining the patterns of construction, maintenance, and reconstruction of earthen architecture, I consider how the Mongol conquests would have impacted the urban occupation of cities that relied on this building material with a focus on examples from Merv, Turkmenistan, and Otrar, Kazakhstan. Given the need for continuous maintenance to mud-brick architecture to prevent decay, and the difficulties of reversing this process once it has begun, I argue that depopulation resulting from the Mongol conquest campaigns would have impacted the urban fabric more significantly than any deliberate demolition by invading Mongol armies. Based on archaeological analysis, I discuss the practicalities and difficulties of reusing mud as a building material to show that the abandonment of buildings and cities can be a conscious, pragmatic response to erosion or a shifting water supply rather than a catastrophic event. I conclude that thirteenth-century accounts describing the urban devastation and demolition of Central Asian cities should be reconsidered to include the collateral impact of the flight of populations and environmental change, as evidenced in the archaeological record.","PeriodicalId":41944,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Islamic Architecture","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43735195","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"艺术学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Review of: Saintly Spheres and Islamic Landscapes: Emplacements of Spiritual Power Across Time and Place, Daphna Ephrat, Ethel Sara Wolper, and Paulo G. Pinto, Eds (2021) Leiden: Brill, 537 pp., 21 b&w and 75 colour illus., ISBN: 9789004443655, $206 (cloth)
{"title":"Saintly Spheres and Islamic Landscapes: Emplacements of Spiritual Power Across Time and Place, Daphna Ephrat, Ethel Sara Wolper, and Paulo G. Pinto, Eds (2021)","authors":"Steve Tamari","doi":"10.1386/ijia_00119_5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1386/ijia_00119_5","url":null,"abstract":"Review of: Saintly Spheres and Islamic Landscapes: Emplacements of Spiritual Power Across Time and Place, Daphna Ephrat, Ethel Sara Wolper, and Paulo G. Pinto, Eds (2021)\u0000 Leiden: Brill, 537 pp., 21 b&w and 75 colour illus.,\u0000 ISBN: 9789004443655, $206 (cloth)","PeriodicalId":41944,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Islamic Architecture","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44027304","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"艺术学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-01DOI: 10.37862/aaeportal.00258.
M. Milwright
Review of: Building the Caliphate: Construction, Destruction, and Sectarian Identity in Early Fatimid Architecture, Jennifer Pruitt (2020) New Haven and London: Yale University Press, 216 pp., 19 b&w and 77 colour illus., ISBN: 9780300246827, $65 (cloth)
{"title":"\"Building the Caliphate: Construction, Destruction, and Sectarian Identity in Early Fatimid Architecture\"","authors":"M. Milwright","doi":"10.37862/aaeportal.00258.","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37862/aaeportal.00258.","url":null,"abstract":"Review of: Building the Caliphate: Construction, Destruction, and Sectarian Identity in Early Fatimid Architecture, Jennifer Pruitt (2020)\u0000 New Haven and London: Yale University Press, 216 pp., 19 b&w and 77 colour illus.,\u0000 ISBN: 9780300246827, $65 (cloth)","PeriodicalId":41944,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Islamic Architecture","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43463012","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"艺术学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Asia has a variety of diverse ancient cultures and civilizations. In this paper, we studied the architecture of a UNESCO tentative heritage site: Badshahi Mosque Lahore (BMLH, 1671–1673), built by the Mughal emperor Aurangzeb Alamgir (AA). The site is special since it had the largest mosque title (human capacity = 100,000) in the world from 1673 to 1986, has great architectural importance, and is one of the most popular tourist attractions in the world. Various mosque architectures (MA) emerged over the past 1400 years worldwide to preserve each region's diversity, identity, and culture. A documentation visit was arranged to study this site and feel the real architecture of the Mughals after decades of preserved form. The study found that BMLH underwent significant alterations while keeping the original MA. This unique study further focused on the basic architecture of the Mughal Era. A detailed study of the architectural themes of BMLH showed that the architectural style of this heritage included regional, cultural, and traditional impacts. By analyzing the architectural themes and distinctive features of BMLH, we have uncovered the distinct regional, religious, and psychological influences that led to Mughal-era mosque architecture's development. Further documentation was reported about the current structural situation of Badshahi Mosque; the number of seepages has been pointed out, and several decays were sighted during our visit. For this significant site's perfect preservation, it was proposed that high-end preservation strategies be implemented in the future.
{"title":"Exploring the Architecture and Its Influence of Badshahi Mosque Lahore (Bmlh): A Unesco Tentative Heritage Site","authors":"S. Hussain, Fu Juan","doi":"10.18860/jia.v7i3.20999","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18860/jia.v7i3.20999","url":null,"abstract":"Asia has a variety of diverse ancient cultures and civilizations. In this paper, we studied the architecture of a UNESCO tentative heritage site: Badshahi Mosque Lahore (BMLH, 1671–1673), built by the Mughal emperor Aurangzeb Alamgir (AA). The site is special since it had the largest mosque title (human capacity = 100,000) in the world from 1673 to 1986, has great architectural importance, and is one of the most popular tourist attractions in the world. Various mosque architectures (MA) emerged over the past 1400 years worldwide to preserve each region's diversity, identity, and culture. A documentation visit was arranged to study this site and feel the real architecture of the Mughals after decades of preserved form. The study found that BMLH underwent significant alterations while keeping the original MA. This unique study further focused on the basic architecture of the Mughal Era. A detailed study of the architectural themes of BMLH showed that the architectural style of this heritage included regional, cultural, and traditional impacts. By analyzing the architectural themes and distinctive features of BMLH, we have uncovered the distinct regional, religious, and psychological influences that led to Mughal-era mosque architecture's development. Further documentation was reported about the current structural situation of Badshahi Mosque; the number of seepages has been pointed out, and several decays were sighted during our visit. For this significant site's perfect preservation, it was proposed that high-end preservation strategies be implemented in the future.","PeriodicalId":41944,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Islamic Architecture","volume":"163 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86447578","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"艺术学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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