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Remote work in Polish companies from the perspective of generations 从代际视角看波兰公司的远程工作
IF 0.4 Q4 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.15219/em97.1586
Aneta Waszkiewicz
The COVID19 pandemic has highlighted trends that have been observed on the labour market for many years, such as the popularisation of remote work, the scale, advantages and disadvantages of which are the subject of many studies. However, combining the perspectives of this work model with the preferences of generations is an innovative approach. At the same time, it is also a desirable direction of research, because there is a difference in the approach to the role of technology in professional work between the generation of current managers (often belonging to generation X) and the growing number of employees from generations Y and Z, based not only on the knowledge of tools, but also on values related to the approach to professional work. Therefore, examining the preferences of work models (remote vs. on-site) divided into individual generations, as well as a ranking based on positions, may be utilitarian for both HR departments and leaders facing the necessity to choose a target work model. According to research conducted in July and August 2021 on a group of 338 respondents who had the opportunity to work remotely during the pandemic, it can be concluded that the most expected form of work is hybrid work, which was indicated by approximately 60% of respondents, while a return to fully on-site work as a preference was declared by only around 10% of the respondents. This is a signal that the expectation of a return to pre-pandemic normality, in which the vast majority of employees only worked on-site, may be impossible, an issue that poses new challenges for human resources and management departments.
2019冠状病毒病大流行突出了多年来在劳动力市场上观察到的趋势,例如远程工作的普及,其规模、优缺点是许多研究的主题。然而,将这种工作模型的观点与各代人的偏好相结合是一种创新的方法。同时,这也是一个理想的研究方向,因为当前的管理人员(通常属于X一代)与越来越多的Y一代和Z一代员工在专业工作中技术作用的方法上存在差异,不仅基于工具的知识,而且基于与专业工作方法相关的价值观。因此,检查每代人对工作模式的偏好(远程与现场),以及基于职位的排名,可能对人力资源部门和面临选择目标工作模式的必要性的领导者都是实用的。根据2021年7月和8月对338名在疫情期间有机会远程工作的受访者进行的研究,可以得出的结论是,最受期待的工作形式是混合工作,约60%的受访者表示这一点,而只有约10%的受访者表示愿意完全回到现场工作。这是一个信号,表明绝大多数员工只在现场工作的大流行前正常状态可能不可能恢复,这一问题给人力资源和管理部门带来了新的挑战。
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引用次数: 0
Robotic process automation criteria: Exploratory studies 机器人过程自动化标准:探索性研究
IF 0.4 Q4 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.15219/em97.1585
Monika Łada
This article presents the results of exploratory qualitative research aimed at extending the dominant normative approach to the criteria for qualifying business processes for robotisation. Due to the novelty of the analysed organisational practices, the literature presents mainly general recommendations. Robotic process automation (RPA) is recommended for mass, repetitive information and transaction processes with high stability and a high degree of standardisation. Research on the content of experts' opinions has revealed examples of practices implemented in Polish entities, the characteristics of which are inconsistent with normative recommendations. The studies highlight the wide spectrum and complexity of the criteria, in particular the need to better adapt the criteria to various contingencies, with emphasis put on the specificity of the RPA technology used, alternative methods of process automation, and the stage of advancement of digital transformation in the organisation. Flexibility is indicated as the main distinguishing feature of RPA technology, a feature for which the possibility to quickly process changes (prototyping) and the temporary nature of a process (campaign) are important criteria.
本文介绍了探索性定性研究的结果,旨在将主导的规范性方法扩展到机器人化业务流程的合格标准。由于分析组织实践的新颖性,文献主要提出一般建议。机器人过程自动化(RPA)被推荐用于具有高稳定性和高度标准化的大量重复信息和交易过程。对专家意见内容的研究揭示了波兰实体实施的做法的例子,其特点与规范性建议不一致。这些研究强调了标准的广泛性和复杂性,特别是需要更好地使标准适应各种突发事件,重点放在所使用的RPA技术的特殊性、过程自动化的替代方法以及组织中数字化转型的进展阶段。灵活性被认为是RPA技术的主要特征,快速处理变更(原型)的可能性和过程(活动)的临时性质是重要的标准。
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引用次数: 0
The impact of FinTech development on traditional banking institutions in Poland 金融科技的发展对波兰传统银行机构的影响
IF 0.4 Q4 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.15219/em97.1588
Marta Czarkowska, Bartosz Bagniewski
The rapidly advancing digitisation and modernisation of information technologies are an impulse to use innovative solutions proposed by the broadly understood financial sector. The presented work presents the development of the banking system in Poland, the perspective of the FinTech phenomenon, with focus on operating bank branches in Poland, as well as innovative solutions. The aim of the article is to analyse the impact of FinTech development on traditional branches of banking institutions in Poland. The authors look at today's behavior of bank account holders with regard to everyday activities, such as withdrawing cash. At the same time they make suggestions as to the reason for the presented results, in order to clearly formulate the final conclusions. The authors also discuss areas analogous to the main topic, such as cashless payment methods, with a closer analysis of their real impact on the banking structure. The main source of information for this article are results obtained from the authors' own research. The considerations lead to the conclusion that in today's banking environment bank branches are somewhat unnecessary and unprofitable, and will slowly decrease in number year by year. The results of the study highlight the amazing BLIK phenomenon, which is increasingly replacing payment methods offered by banks.
迅速推进的信息技术数字化和现代化,促使人们使用被广泛理解的金融部门提出的创新解决方案。本文介绍了波兰银行体系的发展、金融科技现象的视角,重点介绍了波兰银行分支机构的运营以及创新的解决方案。本文的目的是分析金融科技发展对波兰银行机构传统分支机构的影响。作者观察了银行账户持有人在日常活动中的行为,比如提取现金。同时对所呈现结果的原因提出建议,以便清晰地形成最终结论。作者还讨论了与主题类似的领域,如无现金支付方式,并更深入地分析了它们对银行结构的实际影响。本文的主要信息来源是作者自己的研究结果。由此得出结论,在今天的银行环境下,银行分支机构有些不必要和无利可图,并且数量会逐年缓慢减少。这项研究的结果凸显了惊人的BLIK现象,它正日益取代银行提供的支付方式。
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引用次数: 0
Designing effective knowledge transfer in an organisation - a case study based on migration projects implemented in two SSC organisations 在组织中设计有效的知识转移——基于在两个SSC组织中实施的迁移项目的案例研究
IF 0.4 Q4 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.15219/em97.1587
Anna Tomala
This article deals with the subject of knowledge transfer in an organisation, with particular emphasis on the description of tools used for knowledge transfer, as well as the possibility of using theoretical models to design effective knowledge transfer in organisations, such as shared services centres (SSCs). The main objectives of this research were to identify knowledge transfer tools used in SSC companies and check the possibility of using the Knowledge to Action (KTA) model to design effective knowledge transfer in an organisation. The analysis was based on qualitative research carried out in two SSC organisations, with the results showing that both organisations use a variety of knowledge transfer tools, such as in-house training or development programmes using new technologies, and confirmed that the KTA model can be used to design the knowledge transfer process. As the data analysis shows, the human factor plays a very important role in the transfer of knowledge - primarily the skills of people involved in the transfer of knowledge and their motivation to transfer it and share it with other employees. The obtained results can be treated as an indication for organisations in the area of knowledge management, and in particular in the field of designing effective knowledge transfer. Creating an effective knowledge management strategy allows a company to retain knowledge, and as a result contributes to strengthening its market position.
本文讨论了组织中的知识转移问题,特别强调了用于知识转移的工具的描述,以及使用理论模型来设计组织中有效知识转移的可能性,例如共享服务中心(ssc)。本研究的主要目的是确定SSC公司使用的知识转移工具,并检查使用知识到行动(KTA)模型在组织中设计有效知识转移的可能性。该分析基于在两个SSC组织中进行的定性研究,结果表明两个组织都使用了各种知识转移工具,例如内部培训或使用新技术的发展计划,并证实了KTA模型可以用于设计知识转移过程。正如数据分析所显示的那样,人的因素在知识转移中起着非常重要的作用——主要是参与知识转移的人的技能,以及他们转移知识并与其他员工分享知识的动机。所获得的结果可以被视为一个指示组织在知识管理领域,特别是在设计有效的知识转移领域。创建有效的知识管理策略可以使公司保留知识,从而有助于加强其市场地位。
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引用次数: 0
Deaf-friendly research – conducting research using an electronic questionnaire 对聋人友好的研究-使用电子问卷进行研究
IF 0.4 Q4 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2021-12-01 DOI: 10.15219/em92.1538
Anna Irasiak, Elżbieta Sroka, Wojciech Górka, Michał Socha, Adam Piasecki
A non-exclusive approach in conducting survey-based research which assumes the participation of people with disabilities is one of the important ethical aspects of the research process. The use of the tool, which has been designed in accordance with the universal user-oriented design, makes it possible for people with disabilities to take an active part in surveys. This means that they can present their attitudes and express opinions within the conducted surveys. The aim of the article is to present the issue of conducting surveys using an electronic questionnaire among deaf people, modelled on the Avatar PJM project. People with a hearing impairment, whose first or primary language used for communication is a sign language, should be given a questionnaire in an appropriate form enabling them to complete it easily. The discussed project presents a proposal to construct a questionnaire using the LimeSurvey software. The questionnaire has been adapted to the needs and expectations of the recipient group. The presented solution for designing a user-friendly research tool can be used in other types of research in this group of respondents (e.g. industrial or educational research) or can become an inspiration for further research in this field.
在进行以调查为基础的研究时,假设残疾人的参与,采用非排他性的方法是研究过程中重要的伦理方面之一。该工具是按照通用用户导向设计设计的,它的使用使残疾人士能够积极参与调查。这意味着他们可以在所进行的调查中表达自己的态度和意见。本文的目的是提出在聋哑人中使用电子问卷进行调查的问题,以Avatar PJM项目为模型。听力障碍人士的第一或主要沟通语言是手语,应向他们提供一份适当形式的问卷,使他们能够轻松完成。讨论的项目提出了使用石灰调查软件构建问卷的建议。调查表已根据接收群体的需要和期望进行了调整。所提出的设计一个用户友好的研究工具的解决方案可以在这组受访者的其他类型的研究中使用(例如工业或教育研究),或者可以成为该领域进一步研究的灵感。
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引用次数: 1
Remote communication in Scrum teams – a COVID-19 preventive measure or work time optimisation? Scrum团队中的远程沟通——COVID-19预防措施还是工作时间优化?
IF 0.4 Q4 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2021-12-01 DOI: 10.15219/em92.1546
Kamil Brodnicki
The article presents the impact of remote work, resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic, on the functioning of Scrum teams. Attempts have been made to analyse the positive and negative aspects of remote work. The article also looks at the impact of remote work on the level of communication and efficiency of Scrum teams. For this purpose, the author conducted research on a sample of 40 organisations that declared to use Scrum methodology, using 187 questionnaires as the research material. The study was carried out at the turn of April and May 2021 and was carried out using the CAWI technique. The obtained results were analysed using the Principal Component Analysis and Cluster Analysis methods, and enable defining a picture of an organisation’s readiness to work remotely. In addition, they also allowed for an assessment of how the infrastructure used for remote work communication translates into the organisation of Sprint meetings. This paper presents conclusions aimed at counteracting the observed irregularities detected during the tests. At the end, the author proposes solutions that could improve communication within Scrum teams, with remote work in mind.
文章介绍了新冠肺炎大流行导致的远程工作对Scrum团队运作的影响。已经尝试分析远程工作的积极和消极方面。本文还研究了远程工作对Scrum团队的沟通水平和效率的影响。为此,作者对40个宣布使用Scrum方法的组织进行了抽样研究,使用187份问卷作为研究材料。该研究于2021年4月和5月之交进行,使用CAWI技术进行。使用主成分分析和聚类分析方法对获得的结果进行了分析,从而能够确定组织远程工作的准备情况。此外,他们还允许评估用于远程工作通信的基础设施如何转化为Sprint会议的组织。本文提出的结论旨在抵消试验过程中发现的不规则现象。最后,作者提出了可以改善Scrum团队内部沟通的解决方案,并考虑到远程工作。
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引用次数: 1
Using BBC Learning English Podcasts to develop university students’ listening skills 使用BBC英语学习播客来培养大学生的听力技能
IF 0.4 Q4 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2021-12-01 DOI: 10.15219/em92.1545
Olena Davydenko
The emergence of podcasts in an English foreign language (EFL) setting is seen as a helpful aid to foreign language learning. Using podcasts might help improve language learning efficiency. This research addresses how podcasts can be an alternative means of improving English listening comprehension for university students. The study was carried out at Nizhyn Gogol State University, Ukraine, using quantitative and qualitative methods of analyzing data. To collect the data, research tools such as a questionnaire, initial and final testing, and observation were used. The procedure was introduced for a group of first-year students and implemented for six weeks. Special BBC Learning English podcast activities were designed and offered to the students. The main stages have been specified in the process of developing students’ listening skills. In the pre-listening stage, students do preparation activities to prepare for the podcast using their background knowledge. The while-listening stage is aimed at listening for gist, listening for details, making inferences, and summarizing. In the post-listening stage, the listeners are taken beyond the podcast content and set tasks which contribute to integrating other language skills. Samples of activities which correspond to these three stages are provided. A balanced approach to choosing top-down or bottom-up processing within the stages improves the process of forming competencies in listening of first-year students. Hence, based on the positive results of this study, BBC Learning English podcasts with meaningful, appropriate, and interesting activities attract the students’ attention, increase their motivation, and improve their listening comprehension.
播客在英语外语环境中的出现被视为对外语学习的有益帮助。使用播客可能有助于提高语言学习效率。这项研究探讨了播客如何成为提高大学生英语听力理解的另一种方法。这项研究是在乌克兰尼津果戈里国立大学进行的,使用了定量和定性的方法分析数据。为了收集数据,研究工具,如问卷调查,初步和最终测试,观察使用。该程序在一组一年级学生中实施了六周。我们为学生们设计了特别的BBC英语学习播客活动。明确了培养学生听力技能的主要阶段。在听前阶段,学生利用所学的背景知识进行准备活动。边听阶段的目的是听主旨、听细节、推断和总结。在听后阶段,听众被带到播客内容之外,并设定有助于整合其他语言技能的任务。本文提供了与这三个阶段相对应的活动示例。在各阶段中选择自上而下或自下而上加工的平衡方法可以提高一年级学生听力能力的形成过程。因此,基于本研究的积极结果,BBC英语学习播客通过有意义、适当、有趣的活动吸引了学生的注意力,增加了他们的动力,提高了他们的听力理解能力。
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引用次数: 0
Key competencies in the labour market from the perspective of higher education students 从高等教育学生的角度看劳动力市场的关键能力
IF 0.4 Q4 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2021-12-01 DOI: 10.15219/em92.1541
Agata Matuszewska-Kubicz
The subject of key competencies in the labour market has been discussed in many publications and reports in recent years, presenting the point of view of researchers and employers on the issue. However, the perspective of future employees also seems to be worth discussing; hence this research covers university students currently entering the labour market. Ten competencies identified as key in the labour market are examined: problem-solving, creativity and innovation, analytical and critical thinking, active learning and teaching, interdisciplinarity, emotional intelligence, social intelligence, intercultural competencies, virtual cooperation, digital competency. The study aimed to determine the respondents’ opinions and beliefs about selected key competencies on the labour market, their willingness to develop them, and their declared level of these competencies. The survey was carried out using the quantitative method, using the CAWI technique, on a sample of 352 respondents – students of the University of Lodz. The results indicate that the students mostly share the view that the competencies indicated as being key will be expected by employers in the labour market in the next five years. Moreover, for most of the competencies being studied, they assess their current level to be high and see the need to develop them for professional purposes. Discrepancies are also indicated between the students’ self-assessment of their competencies and their employers’ assessment.
近年来,许多出版物和报告都讨论了劳动力市场关键能力的问题,阐述了研究人员和雇主对这一问题的看法。然而,未来员工的视角似乎也值得讨论;因此,本研究涵盖了目前进入劳动力市场的大学生。研究了劳动力市场中被确定为关键的十项能力:解决问题、创造力和创新、分析和批判性思维、积极学习和教学、跨学科、情商、社会智力、跨文化能力、虚拟合作、数字能力。该研究旨在确定受访者对劳动力市场上选定的关键能力的看法和信念,他们发展这些能力的意愿,以及他们宣布的这些能力水平。该调查采用定量方法,使用CAWI技术,对352名受访者(罗兹大学的学生)进行了抽样调查。研究结果表明,学生们大多同意这样一种观点,即未来五年,劳动力市场上的雇主将期望具备被视为关键的能力。此外,对于正在研究的大多数能力,他们认为自己目前的水平很高,并认为有必要为专业目的培养这些能力。学生对自己能力的自我评估与雇主的评估也存在差异。
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引用次数: 2
The role of open source software in the process of implementing social innovation in SMEs 开源软件在中小企业实施社会创新过程中的作用
IF 0.4 Q4 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2021-12-01 DOI: 10.15219/em92.1542
M. Palys
Nowadays, small and medium-sized enterprises (further SME) look for ways to overcome pressing social problems. An open-software-based application can be considered a powerful tool for this task, because of functionalities such as data management, BI operation, and efficient channels of communication. A review of literature shows that there is a shortage of studies concerning connections between usage of Free/Libre or Open Source Software (further FLOSS) and implementing Social Innovation (SI). The aim of this research is to investigate how the use of FLOSS relates to the ability of SMEs to implement SI. The author aims to underline key areas in which FLOSS supported implementation of SI. A set of recommendations for future initiatives is created based on the experience of successful implementation. Based on a review of literature, the author created a set of hypotheses which are validated by the in-depth surveys with three companies in the SME sector. The article structure is as follows: first the author presents literature findings concerning the subject, and next the areas of the model and survey answers. Finally, the author performs a critical review of the model, confirming that open software can stimulate the process of developing social innovation in SMEs, especially in cost reduction, flexibility, and community support.
目前,中小企业正在寻找解决紧迫的社会问题的方法。基于开放软件的应用程序可以被认为是完成这项任务的强大工具,因为它具有数据管理、BI操作和有效的通信渠道等功能。对文献的回顾表明,关于使用自由/自由或开源软件(进一步的FLOSS)和实施社会创新(SI)之间的联系的研究不足。本研究的目的是调查FLOSS的使用与中小企业实施SI的能力之间的关系。作者旨在强调FLOSS支持SI实现的关键领域。根据成功实施的经验,为未来的举措制定了一套建议。在回顾文献的基础上,作者提出了一组假设,并通过对三家中小企业的深入调查进行了验证。文章结构如下:首先,作者介绍了有关该主题的文献发现,然后是模型和调查答案的领域。最后,作者对模型进行了批判性的回顾,证实了开放软件可以刺激中小企业发展社会创新的过程,特别是在降低成本、灵活性和社区支持方面。
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引用次数: 0
Public policy on city center revitalization based on the Town Centre Management concept 基于市中心管理理念的市中心振兴公共政策
IF 0.4 Q4 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2021-12-01 DOI: 10.15219/em92.1539
S. Horbliuk, I. Stepanets
Nowadays, it is impossible to ensure sustainable development of the state without using innovative policies of territorial development, one of which is a city revitalization policy. This article defines the main causes of city center degradation and typical approaches to revitalizing city centers in Europe and North America. The New Urbanism principles are outlined as regards city center revitalization, with an emphasis on their potential importance for sustainable urban development. The evolution of Town Centre Management (TCM) and the features of its application are characterized by authors with a focus on the mechanisms of anti-crisis management professionalization in the conditions of degrading city centers. A model of the public policy on city center revitalization based on the TCM concept is presented, which envisages the functioning of a TCM manager (office) of (with a list of the main tasks); objectives and the sequence of policy implementation stages; application of tools for public participation and a public-private partnership in this process; city center revival through an integrated effect on various spheres (community, economy, space and environment), and, as a result, achievement of a multiplicative effect for the promotion and development of the entire city. The study used a set of general scientific and specialized methods that are based on the modern scientific principles of public administration and its related sciences (geography, economics, sociology, culturology, etc.), and interdisciplinary and systematic approaches.
如今,要想保证国家的可持续发展,离不开地域发展的创新政策,其中之一就是城市振兴政策。本文界定了欧洲和北美城市中心退化的主要原因和典型的城市中心振兴途径。新城市主义原则概述了城市中心的振兴,强调了它们对可持续城市发展的潜在重要性。本文介绍了城镇中心管理的发展历程及其应用特点,重点探讨了城市中心退化条件下的反危机管理专业化机制。提出了一个基于传统管理理念的城市中心振兴公共政策模型,该模型设想了传统管理机构(办公室)的功能(并列出了主要任务清单);政策执行阶段的目标和顺序;在这一进程中应用促进公众参与和公私伙伴关系的工具;城市中心复兴通过对各个领域(社区、经济、空间、环境)的综合效应,从而对整个城市的提升和发展产生倍增效应。本研究采用了一套以公共行政及其相关科学(地理学、经济学、社会学、文化学等)的现代科学原理为基础的综合科学和专门方法,以及跨学科和系统的研究方法。
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引用次数: 1
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E-Mentor
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