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Employee engagement and their job satisfaction in remote working conditions 远程工作条件下员工敬业度与工作满意度
IF 0.4 Q4 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI: 10.15219/em98.1597
M. Stefańska, Gabriele Grabowski
The outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic contributed to a very large increase in the proportion of time spent working remotely to total working time. To date, this form has been used primarily by enterprises with branches dispersed across one or multiple countries. This form of performing duties by employees brought a number of benefits in the form of acceleration of decision-making processes, and reduction of time and costs. In the past, teleworking time was regulated according to needs and supported by a significantly reduced number of face-to-face employee meetings. With the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic, remote work has become the main or only form of contact with colleagues and superiors in many situations related to the ban on movement, regardless of the place of business. At that time, employers were concerned that it would not result in a decrease in employee engagement and job satisfaction. The article was intended to identify and assess the relationship and cause-and-effect relationship between commitment and job satisfaction in the context of remote work. The results of the study helped to expand knowledge about relationships. It has been confirmed that there is a positive relationship between employee engagement and job satisfaction; In addition, employees distinguish between commitment to work and organization, and the impact of types of commitment on job satisfaction varies. It has also been shown that both remote work and employee involvement affect their job satisfaction.
COVID-19大流行的爆发导致远程工作时间占总工作时间的比例大幅增加。迄今为止,这种形式主要用于分支机构分散在一个或多个国家的企业。这种形式的员工履行职责带来了一些好处,如加速决策过程,减少时间和成本。在过去,远程工作时间是根据需要来调节的,并且大大减少了面对面的员工会议。随着COVID-19大流行的爆发,在许多与行动禁令有关的情况下,远程工作已成为与同事和上级联系的主要或唯一形式,无论业务地点如何。当时,雇主们担心这会不会导致员工敬业度和工作满意度的下降。本文旨在识别和评估远程工作背景下承诺与工作满意度之间的关系和因果关系。这项研究的结果有助于扩大人们对人际关系的认识。研究证实,员工敬业度与工作满意度之间存在正相关关系;此外,员工区分工作承诺和组织承诺,承诺类型对工作满意度的影响也各不相同。研究还表明,远程工作和员工参与都会影响他们的工作满意度。
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引用次数: 1
Discussion of the concept of ambidexterity in process management 过程管理中的双元性概念探讨
IF 0.4 Q4 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI: 10.15219/em98.1595
P. Śliż, Marek Szelągowski
The article addresses the issue of differences in the translation of the term ambidexterity, which is equated in the Polish literature with such terms as ambidextrousness, two-handedness, double-agility, ambivalence, or duality. The choice of the Polish term is of significance for intuitive understanding of this phenomenon by both researchers and non-specialists, including practitioners. The main objective is to systematize the terminological issues and thus propose a Polish translation of the term ambidexterity, in the discipline of management and quality sciences, in the sub-discipline of process management. Methods such as bibliometric analysis and a review of the Polish literature on the subject, using the Publish or Perish database, were used to achieve the main objective. The results of the study and the conclusions formulated contribute to the current knowledge regarding the discussion on the Polish equivalent of the term ambidexterity. In the Authors' opinion, the concept most fully and accurately reflecting the context of the contradiction between exploitative and exploratory activities in process management, within the sphere of the discussed BPM issues, is duality. The article is original in nature because, even if partially, it fills the cognitive gap concerning the sparsity of publications addressing the integrative view of ambidexterity and BPM.
这篇文章解决了翻译歧义的问题,在波兰文学中,这等同于双灵巧性、双手性、双敏捷性、矛盾心理或二元性。选择波兰术语对于研究人员和非专业人士(包括从业人员)对这一现象的直观理解具有重要意义。主要目标是将术语问题系统化,从而在管理和质量科学的学科中,在过程管理的子学科中,提出术语“两面性”的波兰语翻译。为了实现主要目标,采用了诸如文献计量学分析和使用“发表或灭亡”数据库对波兰关于该主题的文献进行审查等方法。研究的结果和结论的制定有助于目前的知识关于波兰等效的术语双灵巧的讨论。在作者看来,在讨论的BPM问题范围内,最充分、最准确地反映流程管理中剥削性活动和探索性活动之间矛盾的背景的概念是二元性。这篇文章本质上是原创的,因为,即使是部分地,它填补了关于解决双灵巧性和BPM集成视图的出版物的稀缺性的认知空白。
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引用次数: 0
Categorization of universities belonging to the Conference of Rectors of Academic Schools in Poland in the light of data on three years of graduates 根据三年毕业生数据对属于波兰学术学校校长会议的大学进行分类
IF 0.4 Q4 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI: 10.15219/em98.1601
Marek Rocki
The paper indicates the possibility of the categorization of universities belonging to the Conference of Rectors of Academic Schools in Poland and universities associated with this conference, due to the available data on three graduates' years. The categorization uses two selected synthetic indicators determined in the nationwide system of monitoring the economic fate of graduates. The combinations of the values of these indicators make it possible to distinguish the category of universities whose graduates are assessed differently by employers. Additional possibilities of inference about changes in the categories of individual universities were also indicated. The results of categorization confirm the assumption that the identity of the university has a significant impact on the economic fate of graduates. At the same time, the summary of the results obtained for three years indicates the short-term stability of the categorization, or in other words, the lack - apart from a dozen or so exceptions - of significant changes in the categorization.
本文指出,由于有三个毕业生年份的现有数据,有可能对属于波兰学术学校校长会议的大学和与该会议有关的大学进行分类。该分类使用了两个精选的综合指标,这些指标是在全国范围内监测毕业生经济命运的系统中确定的。这些指标值的组合可以区分雇主对其毕业生进行不同评估的大学类别。还指出了关于个别大学类别变化的其他推断可能性。分类的结果证实了大学身份对毕业生经济命运有显著影响的假设。同时,对三年所得结果的总结表明,这种分类在短期内是稳定的,换句话说,除了十几个例外情况外,这种分类没有发生重大变化。
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引用次数: 0
Consumer opinion surveys regarding marketing activities of banks operating in Poland 关于在波兰经营的银行营销活动的消费者意见调查
IF 0.4 Q4 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI: 10.15219/em98.1600
A. Jarosz, Kamil Janik, Weronika Magacz
Marketing is an extremely important element of any business, because in this way customers learn about the services offered, and this helps a given business entity achieve profits. Properly selected marketing tools not only allow the information function to be fulfilled, but also positive relationships with customers to be created and maintained. In addition to advertising, which is one of the most popular forms of marketing, the factors affecting a company's image include the quality and price of the products and services offered. Like all other business entities conducting their activities, banks use certain instruments to attract and retain customers. Almost everyone uses banking services, which is why it is important to stand out from the competition. The specificity of the functioning of banks differs from a company, because these institutions are subject to various restrictions, both domestic and international. In times of economic crisis, promotional activities are often decisive for the survival of a given entity on the market. The aim of this study was to discover customer opinions of marketing activities undertaken by banks. In their work, the authors made a characteristic of banking activity and brought closer the essence of banking marketing. Marketing instruments that are used in banking activities were also discussed. For the purposes of the article, the authors developed a survey questionnaire to perform consumer research on issues such as to what extent advertising affects the choice of a given bank's offer, which affects the bank's image as well as expectations towards these institutions.
市场营销是任何企业的一个极其重要的因素,因为通过这种方式,客户了解所提供的服务,这有助于给定的企业实体实现利润。正确选择营销工具不仅可以实现信息功能,还可以建立和维护与客户的积极关系。除了最流行的营销形式之一——广告之外,影响公司形象的因素还包括所提供产品和服务的质量和价格。像所有其他商业实体开展活动一样,银行使用某些工具来吸引和留住客户。几乎每个人都使用银行服务,这就是为什么在竞争中脱颖而出很重要。银行运作的特殊性与公司不同,因为这些机构受到国内和国际的各种限制。在经济危机时期,促销活动往往对特定实体在市场上的生存具有决定性作用。本研究的目的是发现客户对银行所进行的营销活动的意见。在他们的工作中,作者塑造了银行活动的特征,并拉近了银行营销的本质。还讨论了银行活动中使用的营销手段。为了本文的目的,作者开发了一份调查问卷,对诸如广告在多大程度上影响给定银行报价的选择等问题进行消费者研究,这影响了银行的形象以及对这些机构的期望。
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引用次数: 0
Sustainable employability of internal stakeholders of non-governmental organisations 非政府组织内部利益攸关方的可持续就业能力
IF 0.4 Q4 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI: 10.15219/em98.1594
S. Wiśniewska, K. Wiśniewski
Nowadays, the growing importance of non-governmental organisations and sustainable employment in the modern labour market is emphasised in the literature on the subject and in economic practice. A systematic review of the literature confirms the lack of research on the sustainable employability of internal NGO stakeholders. Because the issue of sustainable employability in non-governmental organisations is an area that requires exploration, this study attempts to fill this identified research gap. In the context of the stated premises, the analysis and assessment of sustainable employability of internal stakeholders of non-governmental organisations were adopted as the main objective of the article. For this study, a systematic review of literature, and also empirical research, was carried out. The data collection technique in the study was a diagnostic survey method and a Computer-Assisted Web Interview (CAWI). The sustainable employability of internal stakeholders of non-governmental organisations in Poland has been assessed thanks to empirical research. The research results showed that the respondents demonstrated a high level of sustainable employability. In addition, the respondents were assessed using various organizational solutions aimed at developing sustainable employability in the modern labour market. The obtained research results complement the diagnosed gap in knowledge, indicating that the respondents considered health prevention programs a priority solution to ensure ergonomic and safe working conditions for people of different ages.
如今,非政府组织和可持续就业在现代劳动力市场中日益重要,这在有关该主题的文献和经济实践中都得到了强调。对文献的系统审查证实,缺乏对非政府组织内部利益攸关方可持续就业能力的研究。由于非政府组织的可持续就业能力问题是一个需要探索的领域,本研究试图填补这一已确定的研究空白。在上述前提下,分析和评估非政府组织内部利益相关者的可持续就业能力是本文的主要目标。在这项研究中,对文献进行了系统的回顾,并进行了实证研究。研究中的数据收集技术是诊断性调查方法和计算机辅助网络访谈(CAWI)。通过实证研究,对波兰非政府组织内部利益相关者的可持续就业能力进行了评估。研究结果显示,受访者表现出较高的可持续就业能力。此外,还利用各种旨在发展现代劳动力市场可持续就业能力的组织解决方案对受访者进行了评估。所获得的研究结果补充了诊断出的知识差距,表明受访者认为健康预防计划是确保不同年龄段人群符合人体工程学和安全工作条件的优先解决方案。
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引用次数: 0
Comparison of the effectiveness and efficiency of various forms of distance learning - an experimental study 各种形式的远程学习的效果和效率的比较-一项实验研究
IF 0.4 Q4 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2022-10-01 DOI: 10.15219/em96.1581
Przemysław Kusztelak, Anna Pacholak
The aim of this paper is to compare various forms of distance learning in terms of the effectiveness and efficiency of teaching and their subjective evaluation by students. Three forms of remote teaching were analysed for the elective general university course in the winter semester of the 2020/2021 academic year: G1 – with all materials embedded on an e-learning platform for fully asynchronous learning – and with no live meetings, but specially prepared video tutorials replacing them, G2 – with materials embedded on an e-learning platform and lectures conducted synchronously through videoconferences (without video recordings), G3 – with materials embedded on an e-learning platform, synchronous lectures via video conferences and their recordings available afterwards. Final grades, a record of activity at the e-learning platform and the results of questionnaires collected from all participants of the course were taken into account when carrying out the statistical analysis. The analysis proved that the most effective form of learning (the lowest number of hours devoted to learning in order to pass the subject, as well as the percentage of students who completed the course) was the one applied in group G1. According to the opinions of the students, the highest level of satisfaction from the classes was recorded for group G2. The research brings various implications for practice or policy: for teachers interested in improving the effectiveness of their online teaching; for teachers preparing an intervention with the aim of improving students’ remote learning engagement and its quality; supporting teachers’ research engagement in the improvement of educational standards and systems; and learning planners can use these insights helpful in planning online learning projects.
本文的目的是比较各种形式的远程学习的教学效果和效率以及学生的主观评价。本文分析了2020/2021学年冬季学期大学普通选修课远程教学的三种形式:G1 -所有材料都嵌入电子学习平台,完全异步学习,没有现场会议,而是专门准备的视频教程代替;G2 -材料嵌入电子学习平台,通过视频会议同步进行讲座(不录像);G3 -材料嵌入电子学习平台,通过视频会议同步进行讲座,并在会后提供录音。在进行统计分析时,考虑了最终成绩,电子学习平台上的活动记录以及从所有课程参与者收集的问卷调查结果。分析证明,最有效的学习形式(为了通过这门课程而投入最少的学习时间,以及完成课程的学生的百分比)是G1组的学习方式。根据学生的意见,G2组的课程满意度最高。这项研究为实践或政策带来了各种启示:对提高在线教学效率感兴趣的教师;为教师准备干预措施,以提高学生的远程学习参与及其质量;支持教师参与研究,以改善教育水平和制度;学习计划者可以利用这些见解来规划在线学习项目。
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引用次数: 0
Developing innovation competences in schools. A practical perspective 发展学校的创新能力。实用的视角
IF 0.4 Q4 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2022-10-01 DOI: 10.15219/em96.1578
Jan Fazlagić, Mirosława Kaczmarek, C. Connolly
This article argues that the development of innovation competences should take a more formalised role within the national education curriculum. The authors have developed a list of eighteen competences based on literature review and consultations with experts, with empirical results from a national study commissioned by the Polish Ministry of Development. The main purpose of the study was to propose a set of measures and recommendations in regard to the national reform of the education system in Poland. Based on extensive empirical data from that study the authors propose a set of hypotheses necessary to further investigate the possible relationships between variables analysed during the study commissioned by the Ministry, which include some of the demographic characteristics of Polish teachers in regard to their attitudes towards those competences. Although this is not the first endeavour in research on education to develop such a set of competences, the added value of this particular study is the acceptance and implementation of the research findings as a national benchmark in the Polish national education system. The results are of value to both teachers and teacher educators, and we position our research as Translational Research, attempting to bridge the gap between basic research and the world of practice, which involves teachers, as well as school and system-level leaders.
本文认为,创新能力的发展应该在国家教育课程中发挥更正式的作用。作者根据文献综述和专家咨询,结合波兰发展部委托进行的一项全国性研究的实证结果,制定了一份18项能力清单。该研究的主要目的是就波兰国家教育系统改革提出一系列措施和建议。根据该研究的大量实证数据,作者提出了一套必要的假设,以进一步调查教育部委托进行的研究中分析的变量之间的可能关系,其中包括波兰教师对这些能力态度的一些人口特征。尽管这不是教育研究中第一次努力培养这样一套能力,但这项特殊研究的附加值是接受和实施研究结果,将其作为波兰国家教育系统的国家基准。研究结果对教师和教师教育工作者都有价值,我们将我们的研究定位为转化研究,试图弥合基础研究与实践世界之间的差距,实践世界涉及教师、学校和系统级领导。
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引用次数: 0
Corporate social responsibility and project management: towards a better understanding of their relationship 企业社会责任和项目管理:更好地理解它们之间的关系
IF 0.4 Q4 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2022-10-01 DOI: 10.15219/em96.1583
P. Śliż, M. Popowska, Julia Jarzyński
The main purpose of this article is to identify the fields of convergence, if any, between two management concepts and business practices, namely Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) and Project Management (PM). To achieve the formulated goal, systematic literature review (SLR), including bibliometric analysis, LOESS regression analysis, and text mining, was performed. This analysis allowed us to distinguish five categories corresponding to the distinctive, related research areas combining CSR and PM constructs. Within these categories we were able to identify the most important characteristics of the linkages between both concepts.
本文的主要目的是确定两个管理概念和商业实践之间的融合领域,即企业社会责任(CSR)和项目管理(PM)。为了达到制定的目标,我们进行了系统文献综述(SLR),包括文献计量分析、黄土回归分析和文本挖掘。这一分析使我们能够区分出五个类别,对应于结合企业社会责任和项目管理结构的不同的、相关的研究领域。在这些类别中,我们能够确定两个概念之间联系的最重要特征。
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引用次数: 0
An evaluation of reverse mentoring: A case study of research assistants and advisors 反向指导的评估:研究助理和顾问的个案研究
IF 0.4 Q4 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2022-10-01 DOI: 10.15219/em96.1582
Samet Özdemir, Kadir Ardýç
Reverse mentoring, which refers to the relationship between a young employee in the role of the mentor and a more senior and experienced employee in the role of the mentee, is gaining popularity in the business world. This study aims to discuss the relationship between research assistants, who are just starting at the academy and are thought to have traces of reverse mentoring, and advisors with more experience in the academy, in the context of the functions and sub-functions of reverse mentoring. In this exploratory study, in which a qualitative research method was adopted, data was obtained as a result of semi-structured interviews with 17 research assistants working in different faculties and departments at a state university in Turkey. The data obtained after the interviews with the research assistants was analysed using content analysis. The findings of the research suggested that the career, psycho-social, and role model functions of reverse mentoring in the relationship between research assistants and their advisors have sub-functions of knowledge sharing, challenging ideas, networking, friendship, and new perspectives. It was also concluded that other functions were at a limited level or non-existent.
反向指导是指年轻员工充当导师的角色,而更资深、更有经验的员工充当学员的角色,这种关系在商界越来越受欢迎。本研究的目的是在反向指导的功能和子功能的背景下,探讨刚入职且被认为有反向指导痕迹的研究助理与在学院经验更丰富的顾问之间的关系。在这项探索性研究中,采用定性研究方法,通过对土耳其一所州立大学不同院系的17名研究助理进行半结构化访谈获得数据。与研究助理访谈后获得的数据使用内容分析进行分析。研究发现,反向指导在助教与导师关系中的职业功能、社会心理功能和榜样作用具有知识分享功能、挑战思想功能、人际关系功能、友谊功能和新视角功能。还得出结论说,其他职能的水平有限或根本不存在。
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引用次数: 0
Dynamics of integration of process drama in EFL classrooms: A holistic approach of activity based pedagogy 英语课堂过程戏剧整合的动态:活动教学法的整体方法
IF 0.4 Q4 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2022-10-01 DOI: 10.15219/em96.1580
Sohaib Alam, Basem Okleh Salameh Al-Hawamdeh
Theatre/drama is an art form that conveys feelings and emotions, as well as thoughts and concerns from the history of human civilisations. Theatre and drama have been used and defined for educational purposes in many different ways. They can be effectively assimilated in language classes to achieve a communicative goal through the integration of four basic language skills (LSRW), and are a powerful tool for engaging students with content. Drama engages students in social contexts where they can think, imagine, talk, manipulate concrete materials and share their views on various social issues. This study uses a quantitative method to collect data from respondents and explores students' perspectives on the use of drama techniques for educational purposes. This paper aims to explore the main problems and challenges faced by teachers in real classroom situations. It also describes how educational drama activities can be assimilated into second-language classrooms, and highlights the strategies of role-play, visualisation and classification, as well as how they can be used in the classroom. It also aims to discuss how drama techniques can be effectively improvised and implemented in English language teaching in an EFL/ESL context.
戏剧是一种艺术形式,它传达了人类文明史上的感受和情感,以及思想和关注。戏剧和戏剧以许多不同的方式被用于教育目的。它们可以有效地融入语言课堂,通过四种基本语言技能(LSRW)的整合达到交际目的,是吸引学生参与内容的有力工具。戏剧让学生置身于社会环境中,在那里他们可以思考、想象、说话、操纵具体的材料,并分享他们对各种社会问题的看法。本研究采用定量方法收集受访者的资料,并探讨学生对戏剧技术在教育目的中的应用的看法。本文旨在探讨教师在真实课堂情境中面临的主要问题和挑战。本文还介绍了如何将教育戏剧活动融入第二语言课堂,并强调了角色扮演、可视化和分类的策略,以及如何在课堂上使用这些策略。本文还旨在讨论戏剧技巧如何在EFL/ESL背景下有效地即兴发挥并在英语教学中实施。
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引用次数: 5
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