Revista de Estudos da Linguagem最新文献

{"title":"A pluricronotopia da escrita acadêmica na pós-graduação / The plurichronotope of academic writing in graduation school","authors":"Guilherme Brambila","doi":"10.17851/2237-2083.31.1.77-102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17851/2237-2083.31.1.77-102","url":null,"abstract":"Resumo : Este artigo tem o objetivo de analisar a presença de múltiplos cronotopos manifestados no depoimento de alunas de pós-graduação a respeito do processo da escrita de suas dissertações e tese. Com base na teoria bakhtiniana e guiado pela análise metalinguística (BAKHTIN, [1975] 2002; [1924] 2011; VOLOCHÍNOV, [1929] 2017), o trabalho evidencia três cronotopos que constituem e transformam a experiência de se escrever na pós-graduação. Esses apontamentos propõem a perspectiva de que há diversos fatores que colidem com essa atividade linguístico-discursiva, devendo-se tornar pauta conjunta à formação de novos pesquisadores. Palavras-chave: cronotopo; escrita acadêmica; pós-graduação. Abstract: This paper aims to analyze the presence of multiple chronotopes manifested in the testimony of graduate students about the writing process of their dissertations and theses. Based on Bakhtinian theory and guided by the metalinguistic analysis (BAKHTIN, [1975] 2002; [1924] 2011; VOLÓCHINOV, [1929] 2017), the work highlights three chronotopes that constitute and transform the experience of writing in graduate context. These notes propose the perspective that there are different factors that collide with this linguistic-discursive activity, which should become a joint agenda for the new researcher’s formation. Keywords: chronotope; academic writing; graduation school.","PeriodicalId":42188,"journal":{"name":"Revista de Estudos da Linguagem","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134921510","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mudança semântica e word embeddings: estudos de caso na diacronia do português/ Semantic change and word embeddings: case studies on the diachrony of Portuguese","authors":"Lucas Lage, Evandro Cunha","doi":"10.17851/2237-2083.30.4.2043-2086","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17851/2237-2083.30.4.2043-2086","url":null,"abstract":": According to Givón (2001), the lexicon is a repository of concepts which are relatively stable in time, socially shared and well encoded. They are well organized in a network where similar concepts are grouped next to each other. On a similar note, the lexicographer Georges Matoré proposes associative relationships between words and defines the concepts of notional field and testimonial words, which are organizational elements of the lexicon. Using computational techniques such as Word Embeddings, which represent words as vectors in a vector space, it is possible to analyze groupings of words based on their semantic features. This paper aims to explore the viability of such methods in semantic change. The occurrences of the word forms “deus”, “homem”, “mulher”, “pai”, “mae” and “terra” were analyzed in the Tycho Brahe corpus for Portuguese. Word Embeddings were created using the Skip-gram algorithm, and visualizations for a semantic feature network were created for each word in three different time slices. Evidence of the semantic organization of the lexicon and its reorganization was observed through the generated visualizations.","PeriodicalId":42188,"journal":{"name":"Revista de Estudos da Linguagem","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49649708","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nominal number in sign languages/ Número nominal em línguas de sinais","authors":"B. Carneiro, M. Borges, M. Aldrete","doi":"10.17851/2237-2083.30.4.1719-1751","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17851/2237-2083.30.4.1719-1751","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: This study describes the manifestation of the category of number in sign languages, aiming to identify the values, the main forms and strategies available and some intramodal and intermodal manifestation patterns, considering the noun phrase. To this end, we worked with a sample of 10 sign languages, from different regions and historical groups. Based on secondary data, we identified that some sign languages have optional number marking, which presupposes the presence of the general number, and that other sign languages have obligatory number marking. In sign languages where number marking is optional, the general form is similar to the singular form, expressed by zero. The values of the category of number are singular, plural and dual, expressed by syntactic and morphological strategies, but preference is given for the former. This preference suggests that sign languages are isolating languages with regard to the category of number, differing typologically from spoken languages in this respect. Furthermore, the number system in sign languages appears to be phonologically driven. The supposed trial and quadral values can be expressed by using the iconic plural, in a process of repetition of the singular form in the sign space, with a distinctive and localized pause. Therefore, they were considered to be an instance of direct counting and would be outside the number category. This strategy could create values that go beyond the amount of expected values for the category, in a typological perspective. Also, when mentioned, these values can be substituted for the plural. From the descriptions, morphological strategies suggest an implicational hierarchy, with mouthing being a rarely used strategy and reduplication with displacement being the most prevalent strategy. Another intra-modal feature is the spatial arrangement of the referent, expressed in the category of number.Keywords: sign language typology; universals; number; plurality.Resumo: Este estudo descreve a manifestação da categoria de número em línguas de sinais, com o objetivo de identificar os valores, as principais formas e estratégias disponíveis e alguns padrões de manifestação intramodal e intermodal, considerando o sintagma nominal. Para tanto, trabalhamos com uma amostra de 10 línguas de sinais de diferentes regiões e grupos históricos. Com base em dados secundários, identificamos que algumas línguas de sinais possuem marcação de número opcional, o que pressupõe a presença do número geral, e que outras línguas de sinais possuem número obrigatório. Nas línguas de sinais em que a marcação é opcional, a forma geral é semelhante à forma singular, expressa por zero. Os valores da categoria de número são singular, plural e dual, expressos por estratégias sintáticas e morfológicas, com predileção das primeiras sobre as segundas. Essa preferência sugere que as línguas de sinais estão isolantes no que diz respeito à categoria de número, diferindo tipologicamente das línguas orais. A","PeriodicalId":42188,"journal":{"name":"Revista de Estudos da Linguagem","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46339670","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Por uma Sociolinguística Românica “Paramétrica” – relendo Tarallo 1987 e virando a página/ “‘For a ‘Parametric’ Romance Sociolinguistics” – revisiting Tarallo 1987 and turning the page","authors":"M. Duarte, Eduardo Patrick Dos Reis","doi":"10.17851/2237-2083.30.4.1855-1895","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17851/2237-2083.30.4.1855-1895","url":null,"abstract":": This article revisits Tarallo´s (1987) proposal observing variationist results, using the Theory of Language Variation and Change (WEINREICH; LABOV; HERZOG, 1968) in the light of the emerging Principles and Parameters Theory (CHOMSKY, 1981). His proposal, then considered heretical, because generative theory was not concerned about language change then (and it should not have been, because its interest then was then to find invariable principles of Universal Grammar), ended up as an important tool to study syntactic change in Brazilian Portuguese. We would soon realize that the two models were not in competition; on the contrary, they were complementary: the Theory of Language Variation and Change had to be associated with a linguistic theory. As an example of such association, proposed by Tarallo and continued with his work with Mary Kato and their students, we present the advantages of this combination in a contemporary analysis of Brazilian and European Portuguese, recognized by eminent generativists as an important tool to pursue the syntactic change in the long term. null","PeriodicalId":42188,"journal":{"name":"Revista de Estudos da Linguagem","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45433681","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sintaxe e semântica comparativas: abordagens atuais nos eixos sincrônico e diacrônico/ Comparative Syntax and Semantics: current approaches in the synchronic and diachronic axes","authors":"Aroldo De Andrade, Ana Paula Quadros Gomes, Carlos Felipe Pinto","doi":"10.17851/2237-2083.30.4.1521-1545","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17851/2237-2083.30.4.1521-1545","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":42188,"journal":{"name":"Revista de Estudos da Linguagem","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49169464","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Resistência do dativo de primeira pessoa na batalha (quase) perdida dos clíticos pronominais do português brasileiro/ The Survival of the First Person Dative Pronoun in the (Almost) Lost Battle of Pronominal Clitics of Brazilian Portuguese","authors":"M. Morais, Heloisa Salles","doi":"10.17851/2237-2083.30.4.1621-1657","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17851/2237-2083.30.4.1621-1657","url":null,"abstract":": The study investigates the pronominal split in the expression of datives in Brazilian Portuguese (BP), which consists in the use of first and second person clitics, as opposed to the third person strong pronoun in the complement position of the dative preposition (para ele(s)/ ela(s)) , with the loss of the third person dative clitics ( lhe(s) ). The analysis argues in favor of the survival of the first person clitic me in view of its wide syntactic distribution, in ditransitive predicates, dynamic and stative, in monotransitive predicates, inergative and inaccustative, incluind psychological verbs, and in predicates expressing the ethical datives. Assuming an approach of the pronominal split in terms of an interpretable person feature in the applicative heads (cf. TORRES MORAIS; SALLES, 2010, 2019), we propose that a microparametric change in the values of the person feature, from a bivalent system to a monovalent one, causes that the syntactic and semantic properties of the dative clitic me be unified as a High Applicative head, in Pylkkänen’s (2002, 2008) typology.","PeriodicalId":42188,"journal":{"name":"Revista de Estudos da Linguagem","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44567176","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A gradação em português brasileiro e a variação translinguística na expressão da comparação/ Degree constructions in Brazilian Portuguese and the translinguistic variation in the expression of comparative constructions","authors":"L. Souza, Roberta Oliveira, Lara Frutos, Kayron Bevilaqua","doi":"10.17851/2237-2083.30.4.2015-2042","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17851/2237-2083.30.4.2015-2042","url":null,"abstract":": The paper discusses the hypothesis of parameters for the expression of comparison and degree constructions discussing data from Brazilian Portuguese (BP). Beck et alii (2009) and Beck, Oda and Sugisaki (2004) propose three parameters: i) the language has degree predicates (DSP – Degree Structure Parameter); ii) the language has or does not have binding of degree variables in the syntax (DAP -Degree Abstraction Parameter); and iii) the language has a syntactic degree argument filled (DegPP – Degree Phrase Parameter). Languages with negative setting in the DSP do not show any degree construction at all, especially comparative constructions with an expression like “more”. The DAP explains structures with binding of degree variables in the syntax, like comparative clauses with scope ambiguities. At last, there is the impossibility of filling the syntactic degree argument of gradable adjectives with measure phrases (cf. * 2 metros alto/2 meters tall ). This fact is explained by a negative setting in the DegPP. It is shown that BP receives positive setting in the first ones but negative setting in the last. It is also discussed degree interrogatives and measure phrases like 2 metros de altura “2 meters of height”. The paper concludes that these structures should be better discussed to understand their place in the degree parameter hypothesis.","PeriodicalId":42188,"journal":{"name":"Revista de Estudos da Linguagem","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47723038","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Null subjects and null objects in Brazilian Portuguese: correlations and change / Sujeitos e objetos nulos em português brasileiro: correlações e mudança","authors":"G. Othero, M. Lazzari","doi":"10.17851/2237-2083.30.4.1831-1854","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17851/2237-2083.30.4.1831-1854","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: Pronominal and null subjects and anaphoric direct objects are amongst the main grammatical phenomena that differentiate Brazilian and European varieties of Portuguese (cf. CYRINO; MATOS, 2016; DUARTE; FIGUEIREDO SILVA, 2016). In Brazilian Portuguese (BP), clauses with overt referential pronominal subjects are preferred over clauses with null subjects – which are restricted to some contexts (cf. AYRES, 2021, DUARTE; REIS, 2018); on the other hand, clauses with null anaphoric direct objects, especially 3rd person direct objects, are preferred over clauses with pronominal direct object (cf. CYRINO, 1993, 1997). The literature relating both phenomena in the history of BP shows that there has been a change in the following direction: null objects and overt pronominal subjects have had an increased frequency throughout the last centuries. Here we argue for a relation connecting both phenomena in BP: both are sensitive to the semantic gender of the referent when it comes to 3rd person pronoun realization. We support our hypothesis by bringing data from our previous work and work from colleagues. We also argue for a crucial difference between both phenomena: even though null objects are stabilized in BP grammar, we present empirical data that show evidence for change in apparent time in 3rd person pronominal subjects. We have collected and analyzed data from a contemporary oral corpus (LínguaPOA) and here we show that (i) the asymmetry between 1st and 2nd person subjects on the one hand and 3rd person subjects on the other no longer exists; (ii) 1st and 2nd person null subjects are a stabilized grammatical phenomenon; and (iii) 3rd person null subjects are still changing.Keywords: change; null subject; pronominal subject; anaphoric direct object; Brazilian Portuguese.Resumo: Sujeitos pronominais e nulos e objetos diretos anafóricos estão entre os principais fenômenos gramaticais que diferenciam as variedades do português brasileiro e europeu (cf. CYRINO; MATOS, 2016; DUARTE; FIGUEIREDO SILVA, 2016). No português brasileiro (PB), as orações com sujeitos pronominais referenciais são preferidas em detrimento das orações com sujeitos nulos – que são restritas a alguns contextos (cf. AYRES, 2021, DUARTE; REIS, 2018); por outro lado, orações com objetos diretos anafóricos nulos, especialmente objetos diretos de 3ª pessoa, são preferíveis a orações com objeto direto pronominal (cf. CYRINO, 1993, 1997). A literatura que relaciona ambos os fenômenos na história do PB mostra que houve uma mudança na seguinte direção: objetos nulos e sujeitos pronominais tiveram uma frequência crescente ao longo dos últimos séculos. Aqui defendemos uma relação ligando ambos os fenômenos no PB: ambos são sensíveis ao gênero semântico do referente quando se trata de realização de pronome de 3ª pessoa. Apoiamos tal hipótese trazendo dados de nossos trabalhos anteriores e de trabalhos de colegas. Também defendemos uma diferença crucial entre os dois fenômenos: embora objetos ","PeriodicalId":42188,"journal":{"name":"Revista de Estudos da Linguagem","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46916917","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"O pronome pleno de terceira pessoa no “pretuguês” oitocentista / The third Person Full Pronoun in the ‘Pretuguês’ Ninetheenth Century","authors":"F. Cerqueira","doi":"10.17851/2237-2083.30.4.1596-1620","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17851/2237-2083.30.4.1596-1620","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":42188,"journal":{"name":"Revista de Estudos da Linguagem","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49427588","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"On Partial Null Subject languages: Why pro-drop in Brazilian Portuguese and Russian became similar but not identical/ Sobre as línguas de Sujeito Parcialmente Nulo: Por que o pro-drop em português brasileiro e em russo se tornaram semelhantes, mas não idênticos","authors":"Nerea Madariaga","doi":"10.17851/2237-2083.30.4.1896-1935","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17851/2237-2083.30.4.1896-1935","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: In this paper, I claim that a parametric view on change in pro-drop does not contradict the fact that not all the Partial Null Subject (PNS) languages display identical properties. I show that the contingent nature of diachronic change is the reason for the slight differences between PNS languages. Modern Russian (MR) and Brazilian Portuguese (BP) are two PNS languages that developed from Consistent Null Subject antecessors (Old Russian and European Portuguese) independently from each other. I account for the change in pro-drop experienced by these two languages, analyzing the properties usually related to the null subject parameter (verbal inflection, clitics, null objects, embedded and arbitrary null subjects), and show that the final parametric setting in both MR and BP was almost identical, with small differences that can be attributed to the different initial conditions for the change.Keywords: Pro-drop; null subjects; null objects; clitics; Consistent Null Subject languages; Partial Null Subject languages; Brazilian Portuguese; European Portuguese; Modern Russian; Old Russian.Resumo: Neste artigo, afirmo que uma visão paramétrica sobre a mudança em pro-drop não está em conflito com o fato de que nem todas as línguas de sujeito nulo parcial (PNS) apresentam propriedades idênticas. Mostro que a natureza contingente da mudança diacrônica é a razão para as pequenas diferenças entre as línguas PNS. O russo moderno (MR) e o português brasileiro (BP) são duas línguas PNS que se desenvolveram a partir dos antecessores de sujeito nulo consistente (antigo russo e português europeu) independentemente uma da outra. Relato a mudança de pro-drop experimentada por essas duas línguas, analisando as propriedades geralmente relacionadas ao parâmetro de sujeito nulo (inflexão verbal, clíticos, objetos nulos, sujeitos nulos subordinados e arbitrários), e mostro que a configuração paramétrica final em ambas MR e BP foi quase idêntica, com pequenas diferenças que podem ser atribuídas às diferentes condições iniciais para a mudança.Palavras-chave: Pro-drop; sujeitos nulos; objetos nulos; clíticos; línguas de sujeito nulo consistente; línguas de sujeito nulo parcial; português brasileiro; português europeu; russo moderno; russo antigo.","PeriodicalId":42188,"journal":{"name":"Revista de Estudos da Linguagem","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47594602","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}