This article assesses the theory of ‘the subjunctive as a subordination marker’ proposed by Schmitt Jensen (1970a) in light of recent advances in the study of complementation. It argues that the theory is consistent with the functional framework of Givón (2001) where event integration is said to be mirrored in syntactic integration, but that it has to be revised on two points. Firstly, instead of marking syntactic subordination, we propose that the subjunctive is used to prompt a non-referring construal of the subordinate clause in certain constructions. Secondly, we suggest that the subjunctive prompts a conceptually secondary construal of the subordinate clause in other constructions. By proposing a twofold function of the subjunctive, we can keep the main findings of Schmitt Jensen while avoiding potential circularity and shortcomings that the syntactic theory of the subjunctive faces when applied to, e.g., mood alternation.
{"title":"Il congiuntivo alla danese","authors":"Anders Andersen, Erling Strudsholm","doi":"10.1075/rro.20027.and","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1075/rro.20027.and","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 This article assesses the theory of ‘the subjunctive as a subordination marker’ proposed by Schmitt Jensen (1970a) in light of recent advances in the study of complementation. It argues that the\u0000 theory is consistent with the functional framework of Givón (2001) where event\u0000 integration is said to be mirrored in syntactic integration, but that it has to be revised on two points. Firstly, instead of\u0000 marking syntactic subordination, we propose that the subjunctive is used to prompt a non-referring construal of the subordinate\u0000 clause in certain constructions. Secondly, we suggest that the subjunctive prompts a conceptually secondary construal of the\u0000 subordinate clause in other constructions. By proposing a twofold function of the subjunctive, we can keep the main findings of\u0000 Schmitt Jensen while avoiding potential circularity and shortcomings that the syntactic theory of the subjunctive faces when\u0000 applied to, e.g., mood alternation.","PeriodicalId":42193,"journal":{"name":"REVUE ROMANE","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88746132","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
L’olivier est toujours un élément silencieux de la chanson de geste au Moyen Âge. La France septentrionale a précocement développé, aux XII-XIII siècles, une littérature épique qui se focalise sur les héros de la cour de Charlemagne. Les paladins du roi sont toujours engagés dans la lutte contre les infidèles, soit les Sarrasins soit les vassaux rebelles. Outre le courage et la force, ces guerres requièrent diplomatie et stratégie. Par conséquent, avant les conflits, le roi rassemble ses héros sous un olivier pour organiser la guerre. L’olivier devient un objet de bon augure pour la bataille, chargé de symbolisme religieux, en rappelant les prières de Jésus Christ dans le jardin de Gethsémani, la nuit de la Dernière Cène. Dans l’article, on essayera d’écrire une histoire du rôle de l’olivier dans la chanson de geste, en essayant de préciser les différents rôles de l’arbre.
{"title":"Quelques notes à propos de l’olivier dans la chanson de geste","authors":"Federico Guariglia","doi":"10.1075/rro.20023.gua","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1075/rro.20023.gua","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000L’olivier est toujours un élément silencieux de la chanson de geste au Moyen Âge. La France septentrionale a précocement développé, aux XII-XIII siècles, une littérature épique qui se focalise sur les héros de la cour de Charlemagne. Les paladins du roi sont toujours engagés dans la lutte contre les infidèles, soit les Sarrasins soit les vassaux rebelles. Outre le courage et la force, ces guerres requièrent diplomatie et stratégie. Par conséquent, avant les conflits, le roi rassemble ses héros sous un olivier pour organiser la guerre. L’olivier devient un objet de bon augure pour la bataille, chargé de symbolisme religieux, en rappelant les prières de Jésus Christ dans le jardin de Gethsémani, la nuit de la Dernière Cène. Dans l’article, on essayera d’écrire une histoire du rôle de l’olivier dans la chanson de geste, en essayant de préciser les différents rôles de l’arbre.","PeriodicalId":42193,"journal":{"name":"REVUE ROMANE","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83612755","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Thomas Belligh, Ludovic De Cuypere, Claudia Crocco
In this article we study the alternation between the two most prominent Italian thetic and sentence-focus constructions, viz. the Syntactic Inversion Construction (henceforth: SIC), e.g. Arriva il treno (‘The train is arriving’), and the Presentational Cleft (henceforth: PC), e.g. C’è il treno che arriva (‘The train is arriving’). Based on the existing literature on the two constructions and drawing inspiration from a number of cognitive-functional hypotheses pertaining to constraints on the amount of referentially new constituents that can be conveyed in a single clause, we put forward the hypothesis that Italian language users are more likely to prefer the PC over the SIC if the utterance involves a high number of referentially new constituents. To assess this hypothesis, we constructed a pilot experiment consisting of a 100-split forced choice task that was administered by means of an online questionnaire to 66 native speaker participants. The results of the experiment indicate that the preference for the PC indeed increases if the number of referentially new constituents is higher. This is however not the only factor involved in the alternation and the preference of the language users seems not only to be determined by the number of referentially new constituents, but also by their syntactic status.
在本文中，我们研究了意大利语中两种最突出的语法和句子中心结构之间的交替，即句法倒转结构(以下简称SIC)，例如Arriva il treno(火车到达了)，以及表征断裂结构(以下简称PC)，例如C ' è il treno che Arriva(“火车到达了”)。基于现有的关于这两种结构的文献，并从一些认知功能假设中获得灵感，这些假设涉及到单个子句中可以传达的参考新成分的数量的限制，我们提出了这样的假设:如果话语涉及大量的参考新成分，意大利语用户更有可能选择PC而不是SIC。为了评估这一假设，我们构建了一个试点实验，该实验由100个分裂的强迫选择任务组成，通过在线问卷的方式对66名母语参与者进行了管理。实验结果表明，当参考新成分的数量增加时，对PC的偏好确实会增加。然而，这并不是导致这种变化的唯一因素，语言使用者的偏好似乎不仅取决于指代性新成分的数量，还取决于它们的句法状态。
{"title":"Alternating Italian thetic and sentence-focus constructions","authors":"Thomas Belligh, Ludovic De Cuypere, Claudia Crocco","doi":"10.1075/rro.16006.bel","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1075/rro.16006.bel","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000In this article we study the alternation between the two most prominent Italian thetic and sentence-focus constructions, viz. the Syntactic Inversion Construction (henceforth: SIC), e.g. Arriva il treno (‘The train is arriving’), and the Presentational Cleft (henceforth: PC), e.g. C’è il treno che arriva (‘The train is arriving’). Based on the existing literature on the two constructions and drawing inspiration from a number of cognitive-functional hypotheses pertaining to constraints on the amount of referentially new constituents that can be conveyed in a single clause, we put forward the hypothesis that Italian language users are more likely to prefer the PC over the SIC if the utterance involves a high number of referentially new constituents. To assess this hypothesis, we constructed a pilot experiment consisting of a 100-split forced choice task that was administered by means of an online questionnaire to 66 native speaker participants. The results of the experiment indicate that the preference for the PC indeed increases if the number of referentially new constituents is higher. This is however not the only factor involved in the alternation and the preference of the language users seems not only to be determined by the number of referentially new constituents, but also by their syntactic status.","PeriodicalId":42193,"journal":{"name":"REVUE ROMANE","volume":"61 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-01-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84768447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Critique de Martin (2021): Linguistique de l’universel. Édition augmentée d’une Annexe et d’un Index des notions","authors":"H. Nølke","doi":"10.1075/rro.00029.nol","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1075/rro.00029.nol","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":42193,"journal":{"name":"REVUE ROMANE","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2021-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84207397","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Esta investigación examina con un enfoque multidisciplinar, el problema de la incorporación en obras lexicográficas de los nombres comunes de las plantas. El material del que se obtienen los fitónimos, su procedencia etimológica y la referencia geográfica es el Diccionario de Americanismo (2010), además del Diccionario de la Lengua Española (2014). Tras una selección de los términos útiles en esta investigación se realiza un lexicón con 1.261 entradas que registran 667 fitónimos diferentes que nombran 877 taxones. Los resultados muestran que los nombres populares de las plantas no son una designación unívoca. Esta investigación quiere ser una contribución desde el léxico dialectal y la nomenclatura popular botánica hacia la solución de esta aparente confrontación entre las necesidades de legisladores, técnicos, etnógrafos y etnobotánicos. Además, se intenta resolver la dificultad que representa definir lexicográficamente los nombres de las plantas en las publicaciones académicas.
{"title":"¿Qué nombran los fitónimos?","authors":"M. Cáceres-Lorenzo, Marcos Salas-Pascual","doi":"10.1075/rro.17012.cac","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1075/rro.17012.cac","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Esta investigación examina con un enfoque multidisciplinar, el problema de la incorporación en obras\u0000 lexicográficas de los nombres comunes de las plantas. El material del que se obtienen los fitónimos, su procedencia etimológica y\u0000 la referencia geográfica es el Diccionario de Americanismo (2010), además del \u0000 Diccionario de la Lengua Española (2014). Tras una selección de los términos útiles en esta\u0000 investigación se realiza un lexicón con 1.261 entradas que registran 667 fitónimos diferentes que nombran 877 taxones. Los\u0000 resultados muestran que los nombres populares de las plantas no son una designación unívoca. Esta investigación quiere ser una\u0000 contribución desde el léxico dialectal y la nomenclatura popular botánica hacia la solución de esta aparente confrontación entre\u0000 las necesidades de legisladores, técnicos, etnógrafos y etnobotánicos. Además, se intenta resolver la dificultad que representa\u0000 definir lexicográficamente los nombres de las plantas en las publicaciones académicas.","PeriodicalId":42193,"journal":{"name":"REVUE ROMANE","volume":"120 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2021-12-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87820809","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"I general extenders nel testo scritto, tra lessico e punteggiatura","authors":"Filippo Pecorari","doi":"10.1075/rro.20020.pec","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1075/rro.20020.pec","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":42193,"journal":{"name":"REVUE ROMANE","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2021-12-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81732215","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
La ciudad de Maputo, capital de Mozambique, se configura desde la segunda mitad del siglo XX como un auténtico palimpsesto literario, en el que las sucesivas escrituras superpuestas durante décadas crean un espacio en ocasiones sugerente y en otras abiertamente hostil ante la mirada del espectador. Se distinguen, en este proceso de trasformación del espacio real en un espacio imaginario, tres momentos fundamentales. El primero es el periodo colonial, retratado en los versos de Noémia de Sousa, donde la ciudad construida de madera y cinc se reivindica como el germen de su esencia africana. El segundo nace tras la independencia, en un espacio convulso que busca una nueva identidad, como en la narrativa de João Paulo Borges Coelho. El tercero se perfila en los años más recientes, con una ciudad distópica en la que el crimen y la protesta colectiva constituyen la base de la última narrativa mozambiqueña.
莫桑比克首都马普托市自20世纪下半叶以来就被塑造成一个真正的文学重写本，在这里，连续几十年重叠的作品创造了一个空间，有时暗示，有时公开敌视观众的目光。在将真实空间转化为想象空间的过程中，有三个关键时刻。第一个是殖民时期，在noemia de Sousa的诗句中描述，在那里，由木材和锌建造的城市被认为是其非洲本质的萌芽。第二个诞生于独立之后，在一个动荡的空间中寻找新的身份，如joao保罗·博尔赫斯·科埃略的叙事。第三个故事发生在最近几年，一个反乌托邦的城市，犯罪和集体抗议构成了最新莫桑比克叙事的基础。
{"title":"La ciudad de Maputo como palimpsesto literario","authors":"Barbara Fraticelli","doi":"10.1075/rro.21006.fra","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1075/rro.21006.fra","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000La ciudad de Maputo, capital de Mozambique, se configura desde la segunda mitad del siglo XX como un auténtico palimpsesto literario, en el que las sucesivas escrituras superpuestas durante décadas crean un espacio en ocasiones sugerente y en otras abiertamente hostil ante la mirada del espectador.\u0000Se distinguen, en este proceso de trasformación del espacio real en un espacio imaginario, tres momentos fundamentales. El primero es el periodo colonial, retratado en los versos de Noémia de Sousa, donde la ciudad construida de madera y cinc se reivindica como el germen de su esencia africana. El segundo nace tras la independencia, en un espacio convulso que busca una nueva identidad, como en la narrativa de João Paulo Borges Coelho. El tercero se perfila en los años más recientes, con una ciudad distópica en la que el crimen y la protesta colectiva constituyen la base de la última narrativa mozambiqueña.","PeriodicalId":42193,"journal":{"name":"REVUE ROMANE","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2021-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87527309","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this paper I analyze the distribution of the reflexive construction se + a sí mismo in Romance (e.g., ‘Juan se peinó a sí mismo’). I propose that these structures are transitive. Concretely, I argue that in these cases the reflexive anaphor is the internal argument of the predicate, and that the obligatory presence of the clitic se is due to the general phenomenon of clitic doubling with pronominal objects. I show that this approach can account for some asymmetries between these constructions and simple se-reflexives regarding expletive insertion in French, proxy readings, comparative constructions, association with focus, and case distribution in causatives.
本文分析了浪漫语中自反结构se + a sí mismo的分布(如:Juan se peinó a sí mismo)。我认为这些结构是及物的。具体地说，我认为，在这些情况下，反身比喻是谓词的内部论证，而修饰语本身的必然存在是由于修饰语与代词宾语双重的普遍现象。我表明，这种方法可以解释这些结构和简单自反体之间的一些不对称，这些不对称涉及法语中的谩骂插入、代理阅读、比较结构、与焦点的关联以及使役句中的格分布。
{"title":"Anáforas reflexivas y doblado de clíticos en lenguas romances","authors":"Matías Verdecchia","doi":"10.1075/rro.20018.ver","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1075/rro.20018.ver","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 In this paper I analyze the distribution of the reflexive construction se + a sí\u0000 mismo in Romance (e.g., ‘Juan se peinó a sí mismo’). I propose that these structures are transitive.\u0000 Concretely, I argue that in these cases the reflexive anaphor is the internal argument of the predicate, and that the obligatory\u0000 presence of the clitic se is due to the general phenomenon of clitic doubling with pronominal objects. I show\u0000 that this approach can account for some asymmetries between these constructions and simple se-reflexives\u0000 regarding expletive insertion in French, proxy readings, comparative constructions, association with focus, and case distribution\u0000 in causatives.","PeriodicalId":42193,"journal":{"name":"REVUE ROMANE","volume":"806 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2021-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72501563","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
O presente artigo visa esclarecer a presença do ataque nasal nos artigos definidos em variedades dialetais do Português europeu (PE) contemporâneo. Restringe-se a análise a um contexto nitidamente delimitado, abrangendo, por defeito, os ditongos nasais das sílabas finais da forma verbal conjugada e o artigo a ela posposto, produzindo assim as formas no, na, nos, nas. É um fenómeno inovador na história dos artigos definidos do PE, pois os textos das épocas prévias não comprovam a mudança nessa configuração. A análise baseia-se nos dados reunidos na secção ‘transcrição literal’ do CORDIAL-SIN – Corpus Dialectal para o Estudo da Sintaxe. Além da dimensão variacionista, o presente trabalho aprofunda a natureza flexiva de ambas as formas paralelas. São igualmente estudados os processos fonológicos concomitantes à presença do ataque, ou seja, a monotongação, a perda de nasalidade, bem como a alteração do timbre da primeira das vogais encadeadas. Foi adotado neste estudo o modelo de gramáticas competidoras permitindo assim destrinçar os métodos de processamento dos dados linguísticos. Concebe-se a variação que permeia as sequências: verbo+artigo definido como o desfecho da atuação da analogia, inspirada pelas mudanças que incidem na forma dos pronomes clíticos acusativos na ênclise, homónimos dos artigos definidos.
{"title":"Artigos definidos variáveis no português europeu dialetal","authors":"Mikołaj Nkollo","doi":"10.1075/rro.21001.nko","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1075/rro.21001.nko","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000O presente artigo visa esclarecer a presença do ataque nasal nos artigos definidos em variedades dialetais do Português europeu (PE) contemporâneo. Restringe-se a análise a um contexto nitidamente delimitado, abrangendo, por defeito, os ditongos nasais das sílabas finais da forma verbal conjugada e o artigo a ela posposto, produzindo assim as formas no, na, nos, nas. É um fenómeno inovador na história dos artigos definidos do PE, pois os textos das épocas prévias não comprovam a mudança nessa configuração. A análise baseia-se nos dados reunidos na secção ‘transcrição literal’ do CORDIAL-SIN – Corpus Dialectal para o Estudo da Sintaxe. Além da dimensão variacionista, o presente trabalho aprofunda a natureza flexiva de ambas as formas paralelas. São igualmente estudados os processos fonológicos concomitantes à presença do ataque, ou seja, a monotongação, a perda de nasalidade, bem como a alteração do timbre da primeira das vogais encadeadas. Foi adotado neste estudo o modelo de gramáticas competidoras permitindo assim destrinçar os métodos de processamento dos dados linguísticos. Concebe-se a variação que permeia as sequências: verbo+artigo definido como o desfecho da atuação da analogia, inspirada pelas mudanças que incidem na forma dos pronomes clíticos acusativos na ênclise, homónimos dos artigos definidos.","PeriodicalId":42193,"journal":{"name":"REVUE ROMANE","volume":"104 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2021-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77635865","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Critique de Anton (2021): « Grandissima e smisurata paura ». Una proposta di lettura di novelle del Cinquecento","authors":"Diana Mite Colceriu","doi":"10.1075/rro.00028.col","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1075/rro.00028.col","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":42193,"journal":{"name":"REVUE ROMANE","volume":"41 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2021-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81534969","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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