Abdul Jabbar Saleh Mohammed Amin, Shirwan Omar Rashid
Natural potential for tourism development and its problems in the Darbandikhan district. This research is entitled “Natural potential for tourism development and its problems in the Darbandikhan district ”.The aim is to identify and analyze the natural resources and issues in front of the development of tourism in Darbandikhan district. In order to achieve this objective, the research adopts descriptive and analytical methods with depicting results of the questionarie form which has conducted in direct and electronic way for a six month period. The analysis of datas were shown in tables, maps, and pictures. Finally, the study reached a number of results: the most important of which are Darbandikhan ows several natural resources for the development of tourism in the area. But many problems are obstacles to the development of tourism in the research area, especially the lack of economic infrastructure services, especially roads, was mentioned by more than (39.1%) and the lack of tourism services by (27.2%), the least problem mentioned by tourists was security (2.5%), which is due to the establishment of security in the studied area. At the end, several recommendations were presented to solve the problems and plan the future of the darbandikhan district, such as repairing roads, solving property problems, providing accommodation, restaurants,hotel, ... etc, which will lead to an increase in the number of tourists and development of tourism sector in the studied area.
{"title":"Natural potentials of tourism development and its problems in Darbandikhan district","authors":"Abdul Jabbar Saleh Mohammed Amin, Shirwan Omar Rashid","doi":"10.54809/jkss.vi11.354","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54809/jkss.vi11.354","url":null,"abstract":"Natural potential for tourism development and its problems in the Darbandikhan district. This research is entitled “Natural potential for tourism development and its problems in the Darbandikhan district ”.The aim is to identify and analyze the natural resources and issues in front of the development of tourism in Darbandikhan district. In order to achieve this objective, the research adopts descriptive and analytical methods with depicting results of the questionarie form which has conducted in direct and electronic way for a six month period. The analysis of datas were shown in tables, maps, and pictures. Finally, the study reached a number of results: the most important of which are Darbandikhan ows several natural resources for the development of tourism in the area. But many problems are obstacles to the development of tourism in the research area, especially the lack of economic infrastructure services, especially roads, was mentioned by more than (39.1%) and the lack of tourism services by (27.2%), the least problem mentioned by tourists was security (2.5%), which is due to the establishment of security in the studied area. At the end, several recommendations were presented to solve the problems and plan the future of the darbandikhan district, such as repairing roads, solving property problems, providing accommodation, restaurants,hotel, ... etc, which will lead to an increase in the number of tourists and development of tourism sector in the studied area.","PeriodicalId":422187,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Kurdistani for Strategic Studies","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139218753","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The internal situation in Turkey worsened at the end of the seventies due to the conflict and clash of the Turkish left and right, in addition to the development of the Islamic movement, the Turkish left movement, and the armed Kurdish movement, and the emergence of economic problems such as widespread unemployment, deteriorating living conditions, decline in personal income, sit-ins and demonstrations by workers and the niqab. At the level of internal reasons that led to a coup (12 September 1980). In terms of external reasons, major political transformations occurred within the countries neighboring Turkey, such as the coming of Saddam Hussein to power in Iraq, the outbreak of the Iranian peoples’ revolution or the Iranian Islamic Revolution in Iran in 1979, and finally the occupation of Afghanistan by Soviet Union forces. (1980) At that stage, there were concerns among the military establishment Turkish and protector of Kemalist principles.The concern of the United States of America about the weakness of the Turkish political system in the face of riots, violence, demonstrations and clashes in the streets, as well as American concerns about the dominance of Islamic and leftist movements over the reins of government in Turkey led to an agreement and a signal to the Turkish military establishment of the necessity of... a military coup and the restoration of political stability to the country. Therefore, the military establishment in Turkey carried out a military coup on the morning of September 12, 1980, with a military statement, taking control of government institutions and the reins of government, sending party leaders and politicians to prisons, and declaring a state of emergency in the country.In this research, we attempted to study the coup (September 12, 1980) in Turkey, especially its influential internal and external causes. We divided the research into two sections, the first section entitled (Internal causes of the coup on September 12, 1980) and the second section (External causes of the coup on September 12, 1980). We concluded the research with summary conclusions at the end of the research.
{"title":"Coup (September 12, 1980) in Turkey","authors":"Berivan Mohammed Mahmoud","doi":"10.54809/jkss.vi11.357","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54809/jkss.vi11.357","url":null,"abstract":"The internal situation in Turkey worsened at the end of the seventies due to the conflict and clash of the Turkish left and right, in addition to the development of the Islamic movement, the Turkish left movement, and the armed Kurdish movement, and the emergence of economic problems such as widespread unemployment, deteriorating living conditions, decline in personal income, sit-ins and demonstrations by workers and the niqab. At the level of internal reasons that led to a coup (12 September 1980). In terms of external reasons, major political transformations occurred within the countries neighboring Turkey, such as the coming of Saddam Hussein to power in Iraq, the outbreak of the Iranian peoples’ revolution or the Iranian Islamic Revolution in Iran in 1979, and finally the occupation of Afghanistan by Soviet Union forces. (1980) At that stage, there were concerns among the military establishment Turkish and protector of Kemalist principles.The concern of the United States of America about the weakness of the Turkish political system in the face of riots, violence, demonstrations and clashes in the streets, as well as American concerns about the dominance of Islamic and leftist movements over the reins of government in Turkey led to an agreement and a signal to the Turkish military establishment of the necessity of... a military coup and the restoration of political stability to the country. Therefore, the military establishment in Turkey carried out a military coup on the morning of September 12, 1980, with a military statement, taking control of government institutions and the reins of government, sending party leaders and politicians to prisons, and declaring a state of emergency in the country.In this research, we attempted to study the coup (September 12, 1980) in Turkey, especially its influential internal and external causes. We divided the research into two sections, the first section entitled (Internal causes of the coup on September 12, 1980) and the second section (External causes of the coup on September 12, 1980). We concluded the research with summary conclusions at the end of the research.","PeriodicalId":422187,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Kurdistani for Strategic Studies","volume":"92 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139215858","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
`Understanding the significance of the risk attitude on sorting between public and private workers helps policymakers in introducing reforms in the labor market regulations that prevent oversized public sector jobs and encourage selection into private sector jobs. The current study attempts to assess the role of certain factors such as gender, type of employment and work training on risk aversion among employees in the Kurdistan region of Iraq. Given that public sector jobs provide higher job security than private sector jobs, workers’ risk attitudes can be an important determinant of sector choice. The data of the study was collected from a sample of 300 fourth-stage evenings shift college students from the universities of Sulaimani, Charmo University and Sulaimani Polytechnic University who have already been employed in either the public or private sector. The results of the study indicated that the models containing Gender, Employment type and Work Training as predictors were significant for some of the risk aversion and sorting, particularly 20% and 10% of risk aversion. One-third of risk aversion was found to be related to gender, suggesting that males had reported the aforementioned risk more than females. However, no statistically significant associations were found between 50% of risk aversion and all the independent variables.
{"title":"Investigation of the Role of Certain Explanatory Variables on Risk Aversion and Sorting among Employees in Iraqi Kurdistan","authors":"Soran Zaher Abdullah, Ismael Majeed Ismael","doi":"10.54809/jkss.vi8.318","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54809/jkss.vi8.318","url":null,"abstract":"`Understanding the significance of the risk attitude on sorting between public and private workers helps policymakers in introducing reforms in the labor market regulations that prevent oversized public sector jobs and encourage selection into private sector jobs. The current study attempts to assess the role of certain factors such as gender, type of employment and work training on risk aversion among employees in the Kurdistan region of Iraq. Given that public sector jobs provide higher job security than private sector jobs, workers’ risk attitudes can be an important determinant of sector choice. The data of the study was collected from a sample of 300 fourth-stage evenings shift college students from the universities of Sulaimani, Charmo University and Sulaimani Polytechnic University who have already been employed in either the public or private sector. The results of the study indicated that the models containing Gender, Employment type and Work Training as predictors were significant for some of the risk aversion and sorting, particularly 20% and 10% of risk aversion. One-third of risk aversion was found to be related to gender, suggesting that males had reported the aforementioned risk more than females. However, no statistically significant associations were found between 50% of risk aversion and all the independent variables.","PeriodicalId":422187,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Kurdistani for Strategic Studies","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133808287","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The current study aimed to examine the prevalence of certain personality disorders، including antisocial، borderline and narcissistic among parents of basic education students. Similarly، it aimed to examine the prevalence of oppositional defiant disorder among basic education students، and the differences in the prevalence of these disorders according to gender. The current study also aimed to investigate the contribution of parents’ personality disorders in the variance of children’s oppositional defiant disorder. The researchers prepared four measures to examine parent’s personality disorders، and oppositional defiant disorder according to DSM-5. Regarding the study sample، the data was collected throughout a multi-stages random sampling method. One thousand eight hundred parents (900 fathers and 900 mothers) of third، fourth and fifth grade children in Sulaymanyeah basic education schools participated in the current study. Along with the parents، sixty teachers also filled out the oppositional defiant disorder questionnaire.The results indicated that the prevalence of antisocial personality disorder was %1 for both parents، and the prevalence of borderline personality disorder among mother was %2 and was %3 for father respectively. The narcissistic personality reached %5 according to the mothers’ questionnaire and was %4 according to the fathers’ questionnaire. Concerning the prevalence of children’s oppositional defiant disorder، based on the parents report، it was found that %5 children suffer from this and %6 based on the teacher reports. The findings also showed no statistically significant difference in the prevalence of parent’s antisocial personality disorder. However، a significant difference was noticed in borderline personality disorder in favor of the fathers. In addition، the prevalence of narcissistic personality disorder was found to be higher among mother compared to fathers. Gender difference was also found in oppositional defiant disorder، suggesting that males manifested higher level of oppositional defiant disorder than females. Finally، the result of the study indicated a positive correlation between parents’ antisocial personality disorder and children’s oppositional defiant disorder.
{"title":"Personality disorders of the parents of primary school students and its relationship to their oppositional defiant disorder","authors":"Rijen Omid Siddiq, Rushdi Ali Mirza Al-Jaff","doi":"10.54809/jkss.vi8.313","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54809/jkss.vi8.313","url":null,"abstract":"The current study aimed to examine the prevalence of certain personality disorders، including antisocial، borderline and narcissistic among parents of basic education students. Similarly، it aimed to examine the prevalence of oppositional defiant disorder among basic education students، and the differences in the prevalence of these disorders according to gender. The current study also aimed to investigate the contribution of parents’ personality disorders in the variance of children’s oppositional defiant disorder. The researchers prepared four measures to examine parent’s personality disorders، and oppositional defiant disorder according to DSM-5. Regarding the study sample، the data was collected throughout a multi-stages random sampling method. One thousand eight hundred parents (900 fathers and 900 mothers) of third، fourth and fifth grade children in Sulaymanyeah basic education schools participated in the current study. Along with the parents، sixty teachers also filled out the oppositional defiant disorder questionnaire.The results indicated that the prevalence of antisocial personality disorder was %1 for both parents، and the prevalence of borderline personality disorder among mother was %2 and was %3 for father respectively. The narcissistic personality reached %5 according to the mothers’ questionnaire and was %4 according to the fathers’ questionnaire. Concerning the prevalence of children’s oppositional defiant disorder، based on the parents report، it was found that %5 children suffer from this and %6 based on the teacher reports. The findings also showed no statistically significant difference in the prevalence of parent’s antisocial personality disorder. However، a significant difference was noticed in borderline personality disorder in favor of the fathers. In addition، the prevalence of narcissistic personality disorder was found to be higher among mother compared to fathers. Gender difference was also found in oppositional defiant disorder، suggesting that males manifested higher level of oppositional defiant disorder than females. Finally، the result of the study indicated a positive correlation between parents’ antisocial personality disorder and children’s oppositional defiant disorder.","PeriodicalId":422187,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Kurdistani for Strategic Studies","volume":"67 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128701378","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Demonstrating Turkey’s importance to the EU, how Turkey and the EU deal with energy among themselves is the main research question. Based on a descriptive and analytical approach, an attempt has been made to understand the content of Turkey’s role and influence in ensuring EU energy security, which is a kind of complementarity in the EU and Turkey’s energy policy. Turkey is of great importance to the EU in providing energy security as an economic resource and later as a security resource. This importance is reflected in the transportation of several oil pipelines to the European Union, the neighborhood of several countries rich in oil and natural resources.
{"title":"Turkey's geopolitical importance in maintaining EU energy security","authors":"Rekar Hassan","doi":"10.54809/jkss.vi8.304","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54809/jkss.vi8.304","url":null,"abstract":"Demonstrating Turkey’s importance to the EU, how Turkey and the EU deal with energy among themselves is the main research question. Based on a descriptive and analytical approach, an attempt has been made to understand the content of Turkey’s role and influence in ensuring EU energy security, which is a kind of complementarity in the EU and Turkey’s energy policy. Turkey is of great importance to the EU in providing energy security as an economic resource and later as a security resource. This importance is reflected in the transportation of several oil pipelines to the European Union, the neighborhood of several countries rich in oil and natural resources.","PeriodicalId":422187,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Kurdistani for Strategic Studies","volume":"1980 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130283777","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The study aimed to demonstrate the role of internal audit in the self-assessment of internal control systems according to the COSO framework represented by (control environment, risk assessment, control activities, information and communication, monitoring, setting goals, setting events), in addition to standing on the importance of internal audit in self-assessment . The study was distinguished by its descriptive approach in presenting and analyzing the results, through the design of the questionnaire as a tool for the study, and it was distributed to a sample of accountants and auditors working in a sample of bank branches operating in Sulaymaniyah Governorate, as (122) forms were distributed, and (109) were recovered. Forms from them, where (100) forms were valid for analysis, i.e. 91.7% of the retrieved forms and 81.9% of the distributed forms. After applying the statistical program (spss) on it. The study reached a set of important conclusions, among them, it was found that the self-assessment system of internal control systems leads to the improvement and development of the components (removal) of internal control represented by (control environment, risk assessment, control activities, developing Events and objectives), and that the existence of an effective internal control operating under the plans, programs, procedures and laws will lead to the application of an efficient self-evaluation system. The study also delivered a set of recommendations, the most important of which is the need to strengthen the role of internal audit when applying the self-assessment system of internal control systems by tracking the internal audit department to the highest executive level in the organizational structure in banks as an independent administrative unit, and the need for local professional organizations to adopt the recent developments of the internal control framework. According to COSO
{"title":"The role of internal audit in applying the self – assessment of internal control systems according to the COSO committee","authors":"Hogir Ahmed Mustafa, Basira Majeed Najm","doi":"10.54809/jkss.vi8.312","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54809/jkss.vi8.312","url":null,"abstract":"The study aimed to demonstrate the role of internal audit in the self-assessment of internal control systems according to the COSO framework represented by (control environment, risk assessment, control activities, information and communication, monitoring, setting goals, setting events), in addition to standing on the importance of internal audit in self-assessment . The study was distinguished by its descriptive approach in presenting and analyzing the results, through the design of the questionnaire as a tool for the study, and it was distributed to a sample of accountants and auditors working in a sample of bank branches operating in Sulaymaniyah Governorate, as (122) forms were distributed, and (109) were recovered. Forms from them, where (100) forms were valid for analysis, i.e. 91.7% of the retrieved forms and 81.9% of the distributed forms. After applying the statistical program (spss) on it. The study reached a set of important conclusions, among them, it was found that the self-assessment system of internal control systems leads to the improvement and development of the components (removal) of internal control represented by (control environment, risk assessment, control activities, developing Events and objectives), and that the existence of an effective internal control operating under the plans, programs, procedures and laws will lead to the application of an efficient self-evaluation system. The study also delivered a set of recommendations, the most important of which is the need to strengthen the role of internal audit when applying the self-assessment system of internal control systems by tracking the internal audit department to the highest executive level in the organizational structure in banks as an independent administrative unit, and the need for local professional organizations to adopt the recent developments of the internal control framework. According to COSO","PeriodicalId":422187,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Kurdistani for Strategic Studies","volume":"70 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126169226","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this study, water runoff estimation by SCS-CN model for both Qalatopzan and Parewla watersheds which located in northeastern of Iraq and eastern part of Kurdistan Region in Kalar district, and lies on latitude (34o:51-: 33=) and (35o :04-: 52=) north and longitude (45o:21-: 50=) and(45o :34-: 59=) east thet located in the semi-mountainous area. The total catchment area is about (235.46 km2), and Qalatopzan watershed with an area of (148.74 km2) with a rate of (63.17%) and Parewla drainage with an area of (86.72 km2) and (36.83%) form the research area which distributed into two main streams and (8) Sub-watersheds, each of which includes four minor sub-watersheds. Rainfall irregularities accompanied by environmental and climatic effects have created water shortage problems for the study area, especially during the dry seasons, and in order to achieve the research objective which is to determine the amount of water flowing and appoint the level of utilization of hydrology of both watersheds, each of its files (DEM12.5m), aerial imagery (Landsat8 OLI), Geographic Information Systems and Remote Sensing (GIS & RS) techniques were used. After taking (10) soil samples and determining the numerical value of soil turbidity and humidity and the appearance of (7) different land uses and taking a wave of rainfall. The study concluded that the average depth of the runoff water in the study area is equal to (22.41 mm) which is (24.72 mm) in the main watershed of Qalatopzan and (20.11 mm) in the main watershed of Pariole, and the water flowing is about (2,60m3), while in the main reservoir of Qalatopzan (3.34m3) and in Parewla is (1.77m3). Finally, the results obtained are an important basis for the development of water harvesting and exploiting plans, so as to meet water needs and sustain human activities along the border of both brooks.
{"title":"Estimation of the runoff of the Qalatopzan and Parewla Basins using the (SCS-CN) model","authors":"Shirwan Ahmed Majeed, Ezzeddine Juma Darwish","doi":"10.54809/jkss.vi8.301","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54809/jkss.vi8.301","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, water runoff estimation by SCS-CN model for both Qalatopzan and Parewla watersheds which located in northeastern of Iraq and eastern part of Kurdistan Region in Kalar district, and lies on latitude (34o:51-: 33=) and (35o :04-: 52=) north and longitude (45o:21-: 50=) and(45o :34-: 59=) east thet located in the semi-mountainous area. The total catchment area is about (235.46 km2), and Qalatopzan watershed with an area of (148.74 km2) with a rate of (63.17%) and Parewla drainage with an area of (86.72 km2) and (36.83%) form the research area which distributed into two main streams and (8) Sub-watersheds, each of which includes four minor sub-watersheds. Rainfall irregularities accompanied by environmental and climatic effects have created water shortage problems for the study area, especially during the dry seasons, and in order to achieve the research objective which is to determine the amount of water flowing and appoint the level of utilization of hydrology of both watersheds, each of its files (DEM12.5m), aerial imagery (Landsat8 OLI), Geographic Information Systems and Remote Sensing (GIS & RS) techniques were used. After taking (10) soil samples and determining the numerical value of soil turbidity and humidity and the appearance of (7) different land uses and taking a wave of rainfall. The study concluded that the average depth of the runoff water in the study area is equal to (22.41 mm) which is (24.72 mm) in the main watershed of Qalatopzan and (20.11 mm) in the main watershed of Pariole, and the water flowing is about (2,60m3), while in the main reservoir of Qalatopzan (3.34m3) and in Parewla is (1.77m3). Finally, the results obtained are an important basis for the development of water harvesting and exploiting plans, so as to meet water needs and sustain human activities along the border of both brooks.","PeriodicalId":422187,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Kurdistani for Strategic Studies","volume":"73 11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126015888","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The Urartians are considered to be one of the indigenous people of ancient Kurdistan and the Zagros regions in the first millennium B.C, the Kingdom of Urartu covered a vast area, from Syrian Kurdistan in the west and the Black sea in the north to Iranian and Armenian Kurdistan in the east and northest to Diyana, Sidakan and Amedi in southern Kurdistan. In this context, the Urartians were able to become the owners of an important civilization and Kingdom to play their role in the region. In this study we will try to present the position of this God in the light of the archaeological material sources that mention the position of this God in the Kingdom of Urartian. It is worth mentioning that in addition to the cuneiform texts that mention the position of this God in the record of the kings of Urartian. The importance of this study is reflected in the artistic remains left behind by the Urartians throughout their reign. The method of this study is an artistic method to analyze and interpret the position of this God and identify these opinions about his position in the light of material and written archaeological sources. The results of this study showed that the Urartian view of the God Haldi was the source of all Goodness, strength and power so throughout the Kingdom of Urartu remained unchanged until 714 B.C, as a result of the Assyrian Campaign destroyed the city and looted the temple and took away the statue of Haldi and his wife Bakbartu to the city of Musasir, as a result of treaty between the Assyrians and the Urartians, all this evidence confirms that Haldi had prominent position and a significant role in the Kingdom of Urartu.
{"title":"The Position of the God Haldi in the Urartian Kingdom in the light of archaeological sources","authors":"Rakhsar Abdul Ghafoor Taha","doi":"10.54809/jkss.vi8.308","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54809/jkss.vi8.308","url":null,"abstract":"The Urartians are considered to be one of the indigenous people of ancient Kurdistan and the Zagros regions in the first millennium B.C, the Kingdom of Urartu covered a vast area, from Syrian Kurdistan in the west and the Black sea in the north to Iranian and Armenian Kurdistan in the east and northest to Diyana, Sidakan and Amedi in southern Kurdistan. In this context, the Urartians were able to become the owners of an important civilization and Kingdom to play their role in the region. In this study we will try to present the position of this God in the light of the archaeological material sources that mention the position of this God in the Kingdom of Urartian. It is worth mentioning that in addition to the cuneiform texts that mention the position of this God in the record of the kings of Urartian. The importance of this study is reflected in the artistic remains left behind by the Urartians throughout their reign. The method of this study is an artistic method to analyze and interpret the position of this God and identify these opinions about his position in the light of material and written archaeological sources. The results of this study showed that the Urartian view of the God Haldi was the source of all Goodness, strength and power so throughout the Kingdom of Urartu remained unchanged until 714 B.C, as a result of the Assyrian Campaign destroyed the city and looted the temple and took away the statue of Haldi and his wife Bakbartu to the city of Musasir, as a result of treaty between the Assyrians and the Urartians, all this evidence confirms that Haldi had prominent position and a significant role in the Kingdom of Urartu.","PeriodicalId":422187,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Kurdistani for Strategic Studies","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132738021","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
`Understanding the significance of the risk attitude on sorting between public and private workers helps policymakers in introducing reforms in the labor market regulations that prevent oversized public sector jobs and encourage selection into private sector jobs. The current study attempts to assess the role of certain factors such as gender, type of employment and work training on risk aversion among employees in the Kurdistan region of Iraq. Given that public sector jobs provide higher job security than private sector jobs, workers’ risk attitudes can be an important determinant of sector choice. The data of the study was collected from a sample of 300 fourth-stage evenings shift college students from the universities of Sulaimani, Charmo University and Sulaimani Polytechnic University who have already been employed in either the public or private sector. The results of the study indicated that the models containing Gender, Employment type and Work Training as predictors were significant for some of the risk aversion and sorting, particularly 20% and 10% of risk aversion. One-third of risk aversion was found to be related to gender, suggesting that males had reported the aforementioned risk more than females. However, no statistically significant associations were found between 50% of risk aversion and all the independent variables.
{"title":"Investigate the role of Certain Explanatory Variables on Risk Aversion and Sorting among Employees in Iraqi Kurdistan","authors":"Soran Zaher Abdullah, Ismael Majeed Ismael","doi":"10.54809/jkss.vi8.314","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54809/jkss.vi8.314","url":null,"abstract":"`Understanding the significance of the risk attitude on sorting between public and private workers helps policymakers in introducing reforms in the labor market regulations that prevent oversized public sector jobs and encourage selection into private sector jobs. The current study attempts to assess the role of certain factors such as gender, type of employment and work training on risk aversion among employees in the Kurdistan region of Iraq. Given that public sector jobs provide higher job security than private sector jobs, workers’ risk attitudes can be an important determinant of sector choice. The data of the study was collected from a sample of 300 fourth-stage evenings shift college students from the universities of Sulaimani, Charmo University and Sulaimani Polytechnic University who have already been employed in either the public or private sector. The results of the study indicated that the models containing Gender, Employment type and Work Training as predictors were significant for some of the risk aversion and sorting, particularly 20% and 10% of risk aversion. One-third of risk aversion was found to be related to gender, suggesting that males had reported the aforementioned risk more than females. However, no statistically significant associations were found between 50% of risk aversion and all the independent variables.","PeriodicalId":422187,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Kurdistani for Strategic Studies","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115066411","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study deals with the history of the Sassanids and their effects in Iraqi Kurdistan, specifically the area between the Tigris and Little Zab rivers. By virtue of this important strategic location, the great powers competed to control it, and the effects left by the Sasanian civilization are no less important than the remnants of ancient civilizations such as the Sumerian and Akkadian, as well as the Assyrian, and it is only clear evidence of the extent of their spread and power in the region, and we find the influence of the Sasanian civilization on all aspects of life. Their inventions were less advanced than their predecessors. In this research, we will shed light on the most important Sasanian monuments that were revealed by the excavators’ shovels and recorded, through which we can form a clear idea of the extent of their influence and influence on the area between the Tigris and the Little Zab rivers.
{"title":"Sassanid remains between the Bachuk River and the Tigris River A field example in the Erbil plain","authors":"Tofan Khasro Musa, Ari Khalil Kamil","doi":"10.54809/jkss.vi8.305","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54809/jkss.vi8.305","url":null,"abstract":"This study deals with the history of the Sassanids and their effects in Iraqi Kurdistan, specifically the area between the Tigris and Little Zab rivers. By virtue of this important strategic location, the great powers competed to control it, and the effects left by the Sasanian civilization are no less important than the remnants of ancient civilizations such as the Sumerian and Akkadian, as well as the Assyrian, and it is only clear evidence of the extent of their spread and power in the region, and we find the influence of the Sasanian civilization on all aspects of life. Their inventions were less advanced than their predecessors. In this research, we will shed light on the most important Sasanian monuments that were revealed by the excavators’ shovels and recorded, through which we can form a clear idea of the extent of their influence and influence on the area between the Tigris and the Little Zab rivers.","PeriodicalId":422187,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Kurdistani for Strategic Studies","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115810968","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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